Inquizitive Chapter 10

How was Jackson able to enlarge the powers of the presidency?

-As a political leader Jackson developed the idea that the president was the sole representative of the people—not Congress. -He enhanced the power of the presidential office even while he was reducing the power of the government as a kind of administrative structure.

Identify the statements that describe William Henry Harrison, the 1840 Whig candidate for president.

-Harrison's key accomplishment, like Jackson's, was his military success against the British in the War of 1812. -Harrison's running mate was John Tyler, former Democrat from Virginia. -Harrison did not have an actual political platform.

Identify the statements that describe President Andrew Jackson.

-Jackson was accused by his critics of being a tyrant acting above the law and they used the title "King" as a term of derision. -The "Whig Party" was the name given to the political party created in opposition to Jackson.

Based on your understanding of the Bank War, what does this political cartoon reveal about the conflict?

-Nicholas Biddle, the president of the Second Bank of the United States, is represented with the head of a demon and shown running from an all-powerful Andrew Jackson holding the order to remove federal funds from the bank.

Martin Van Buren, a senator from New York, organized the creation of the Democratic Party to get Andrew Jackson elected president in 1828. What justifications did Van Buren give for the creation of the Democratic Party?

-Party competition provided a check on those in power and offered voters a real choice in elections. -Rather than being dangerous and divisive, as the founding generation had believed, political parties were a necessary and indeed desirable element of political life.

How did the Democrats and the Whigs differ in the conception of freedom that they advocated?

-The Democrats represented "negative freedom," or limited government interference, meaning the key to freedom was individual self-determination and individual action. -The Whigs had a positive view of freedom; they thought freedom could be enhanced and promoted by governmental action.

Identify the three main principles of the Monroe Doctrine.

-The United States would oppose any further colonization efforts by the European powers in the Americas. -The United States would abstain from involvement in the wars of Europe. -The United States gave warning to the European powers not to interfere with the newly independent states of Latin America.

Even though John Tyler was a Whig, Whig newspapers quickly started referring to him as "His Accidency" and "The Executive Ass." Why was Tyler so disliked by members of his own party?

-Tyler vetoed a higher tariff. -Tyler vetoed the creation of a new national bank.

Identify the statements below that describe the Indian Removal.

-While southern tribes peacefully departed, Seminoles living in Florida resisted. -The forced march of the Cherokee to Oklahoma became known as the "Trail of Tears" as it inevitably led to the deaths of an estimated 4,000 Indians.

Identify the initiatives that led to the Democrats' success at the national level.

-reduced government expenditures -lowered the tariff

Identify the statements that describe John Quincy Adams's positions prior to becoming president.

-senator from Massachusetts -United States ambassador to Prussia, Russia, the Netherlands, and Britain

Martin Van Buren was elected president in 1836. Under Van Buren, the hard-money, anti-bank wing of the Democratic Party came to power.

True

Identify the statement that describes the relationship between property and voting rights in America.

By 1860 in all but one state, land ownership was not a requirement to vote.

Identify the core values and beliefs, as well as interest groups, of the following political parties.

Democrats -believed the government should adopt a hands-off approach to the economy and not award special favors to entrenched economic interests -rural farmers and many slaveholders Whigs -united behind the American System and believed that a protective tariff, a national bank, and aid to internal improvements could guide economic development -businessmen and farmers on the Great Lakes, rivers, and canals, and large plantation owners

The ultimate goal of Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830 was to integrate the Five Civilized Tribes into the American society.

False

Whigs believed that liberty and power were incompatible and that an activist government was to be avoided at all costs as a grave threat to liberty.

False

What does this broadside reveal about the important issues John Quincy Adams supported during his campaign?

It shows the promotion of domestic goods over foreign imports in order to strengthen the young country's economy.

Identify the following individuals and key terms.

nullification crisis -represented a conflict between the federal government and South Carolina that eventually led to well-developed political philosophy nullification crisis Force Act -passed by Congress to enforce the federal tariff of 1832 tariff of abominations -Raised taxes on imported manufactured goods made of wool, as well as raw materials such as iron Exposition and Protest -justified South Carolina's arguments for nullification by drawing on the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions of 1798.

Identify the statement that describes the spoils system.

the practice of a political party awarding posts to its supporters

What does it reveal about the presidential election of 1824? Match the candidates to their outcomes in the election.

won a larger portion of the popular vote than William H. Crawford, but received fewer electoral votes -Henry Clay won the largest portion of the popular vote and the electoral vote -Andrew Jackson performed strongest in the Northeastern states, including New York, Massachusetts, and Maine -John Quincy Adams