intercultural midterm

What is discrimination?

The behavioral manifestations of prejudice

Culture exists solely in people's minds.

false

In high-context cultures, messages tend to be direct and explicit.

false

Race is a much more specific and limiting term than either culture or nation.

false

Symbols never vary in their degree of arbitrariness.

false

Taxonomies of cultural patterns describe the behavioral patterns of individuals.

false

The terms culture and nation are equivalent terms.

false

"Putting your cards on the table" and "telling it like it is" is typical of which cultural group?

European Americans

Cultures are either high-context or low-context.

False

Members of collectivistic cultures do not draw a strong distinction between ingroup and outgroup members.

False

_________ argues that humans are faced with so many perceptual stimuli—sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and bodily sensations—that it is impossible to pay attention to them all. Therefore, one of the functions of culture is to provide a screen between the person and all of those stimuli to indicate what perceptions to notice and how to interpret them.

Hall

The ____________ context includes the actual location of the interactants.

physical

Which of the following need to be taken into consideration to develop interpersonal and intercultural competence?

- the nature of the relationship between the interactants - behaviors that are deemed proper and suitable by the culture of people - the constraints of the specific situation ---all of the above

A term used to refer to a wide variety of groups who share a language, historical origins, religious traditions, and identification with a cultural system is

ethnicity<i></i>

"His behavior offends me" is a statement of

evaluation

____________ refers to one's sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group.

Cultural identity

Journalist Walter Lippmann introduced this term in 1922 to refer to a selection process that is used to organize and simplify perceptions of others.?

Stereotyping

A social relations orientation can range from one that emphasizes differences and social hierarchy to one that strives for equality and the absence of hierarchy.

True

Cultural patterns are primarily inside people, in their minds.

True

Hofstede's time-orientation dimension refers to one's point of reference about life and work.

True

Members of individualistic cultures do not draw a strong distinction between ingroup and outgroup members.

True

People are usually not conscious of culturally shared beliefs.

True

The GLOBE research program builds on the work of Hofstede and on that of Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck.

True

The cultural belief that people are inherently bad, good, or some combination of the two is a distinguishing characteristic of one's cultural definition of self.

True

The term discrimination refers to the behavioral manifestations of one's prejudice.

True

The term global village refers to

a world that is made smaller by the mass media's ability to bring international events into people's homes

Jared Diamond argues that Europeans were able to conquer the native people in the Americas because of the Europeans'

access to many plants and animals that could be domesticated<i></i>

Which of the following can be a symbol?

actions, words, objects--all of the above

Changing cultural demographics in the United States have been due largely to

an increase in the Latino and Asian American populations.

The Behavioral Assessment Scale for Intercultural Competence (BASIC) is based on the premise that others will determine a person's level of intercultural competence by focusing on

behaviors

What are the four components of cultural patterns?

beliefs, values, norms, and social practices

The kinds of knowledge that are important to develop interpersonal and intercultural competence include

both culture-general and culture-specific knowledge.

Which view of communication perceives communication as a linear, one-way process of message sending?

communication as action

Which view of communication focuses on feedback from receivers to senders?

communication as interaction

Which view of communication recognizes that all participants are simultaneously interpreting multiple messages at all moments?

communication as transaction

Communication is symbolic because it requires that people

create shared meanings.

Shared interpretations about what the world is, what it should be, how people should behave, and people's predictable behavior patterns are called

cultural patterns.

Hofstede's indulgence versus self-restraint dimension implies that

cultures high on restraint discourage excess consumption.

In low-context cultures, messages tend to be_______________.

direct and explicit

The tapestry and garden salad metaphors offer useful ways to understand U.S. cultural diversity because they

do not subordinate one cultural group to another.

Cultures at the midpoint of the gender egalitarianism dimension believe that

gender equality is preferred.

What kind of racism prevents Jews and African Americans from being admitted to certain public schools and universities?

institutional

Cultural patterns play a vital role in shaping judgments about

intercultural competence.

Scholars who compare nations' media usage study

international communication

The term "_________" refers to communication between culturally similar individuals.

intracultural

Culture is taught by the explanations people receive for the natural and human events around them. This process is an example of how culture

is learned.<i></i>

Time is highly structured in low-context cultures because

it takes more effort for people to understand each others' messages.

Taxonomies of cultural patterns are

made up of individual yet interrelated parts.

The saying, "He who dies with the most toys wins" is high in _________.

masculinity

Which metaphor of U.S. cultural diversity suggests it is NOT acceptable for cultural groups to maintain their unique identities?

melting pot

The term "Hispanic" refers to

native speakers of the Spanish language with Spanish surnames.

When confronting a set of beliefs, values, norms, and social practices that are inconsistent with their own, many people will

negatively evaluate the others' beliefs, values, norms, and social practices.

Low-context messages are

overt

People who ignore evidence that is not consistent with their own viewpoint may be called

prejudiced

What do the terms "black people" and "white people" refer to?

racial groups

One benefit of interaction within one's own culture is that it

reduces uncertainty.

One suggestion proposed by Lustig and Koester to help improve intercultural competence involves a willingness to

reflect on one's own personal preferences.

Which term refers to the predictable behaviors patterns that members of a culture typically follow?

social practices<i></i>

Which term stands for or represents units of meaning?

symbols

Individual orientation is a dimension of ___________ Taxonomy.

the GLOBE Cultural

All cultures have a tendency to be ethnocentric.

true

Cultures high on uncertainty avoidance will tend to tolerate dissent.

true

During the unexamined cultural identity stage, one's cultural characteristics are taken for granted.

true

People from individualistic cultures believe that judgments about good and bad are primarily decided by the individual.

true

Race can form the basis for prejudicial communication that can be a major obstacle to intercultural communication.

true

The performance orientation dimension addresses the degree to which a culture encourages and rewards people for their accomplishments.

true

The process of stereotyping is a necessary human function.

true

The tapestry metaphor of cultural diversity implies that U.S. American cultures are rather static and unchangeable.

true

The term dominant culture refers to the amount of economic and political power held by the largest cultural group.

true

Regarding something as good or bad, clean or dirty, or fair or unfair, is an example of a

value