Interpersonal Final

Knapp proposed a "staircase" model depicting the interactive stages of relationship development and dissolution. The first five steps of this model are known as _____________________________.

"Coming Together"

_________________ are used to hurry the disengagement process and have little consideration for the rejected partner.

Negative identity management tactics

Henry is upset with his boyfriend Theo because he saw Theo leaning in close, touching the arm of a man he was talking with, and laughing at his jokes. Henry feels like Theo violated a strategy commonly used to keep platonic relationships from becoming romantic. Which strategy does Henry believe Theo violated?

No flirting.

What attachment style develops as a result of inconsistent and irregular treatment from parents?

Anxious-ambivalent.

____________ is used to understand how we explain our own behavior as well as the behavior of others.

Attribution theory

____________________ refers to the attempt to see things from the others person's point of view.

Dual-perspective

Which of the following is NOT one of Stafford and Canary's four relationship maintenance goals?

Ensuring that the relationship always looks like it did in its earliest stages.

This dialectic demonstrates relationships that are characterized by status differentials created by the presence of a hierarchical structure.

Equality/Inequality.

This is defined as the process of maintaining a positive image of self in the presence of others.

Impression management.

____________ relationships are the result of subordinates receiving support from supervisors, having influence on decisions that are made in the organization, and being given greater responsibility.

In-group

_________________________ describes individuals who rely on one another and are aware of how their decisions or behaviors affect one another, are more likely to experience conflict than individuals who do not rely on individuals.

Interdependent

This suggests that when individuals engage in deceptive communication they make strategic choices.

Interpersonal Deception Theory

Spitzberg and Cupach's Components Model highlights which three key communicative components?

Knowledge, skill, and motivation.

________________________ explains the process of relationship development between superiors and subordinates.

Leader-member exchange theory

The three types of lies people tell are:

Lying to harm others, lying to protect self, lying to spare others.

This type of listening takes the focus off the speaker and redirects the conversation and attention to themselves.

Monopolizing

During a conflict, the person who always seems to cooperate is using the __________________________ conflict management style.

accommodating

Concepts that are essential to enhance communication competence include ___________________.

all of the options given are correct.

Culture is learned ___________________.

all of the options given are correct.

A common reason(s) why individuals leave romantic relationships is/are _______________________.

all of the options given are correct. infidelity + dissimilarity + lack of commitment.

While _____________________ refers to the extent to which an individual attacks a position or issue, ___________________ refers to the extent to which an individual attacks the self-confidence, character, and/or intelligence of another person.

argumentativeness, verbal agressiveness

Chris firmly believes they are always right. Anytime Chris gets into an argument with their partner, Chris will never back down because they are determined to win. Chris is practicing the _____________________________ conflict management style.

competing

What are the three constructs related to the self that typically emerge in discussions about the self and the developmental processes?

Self-concept, self-esteem, self-regulation.

_____________________________________ is when we selectively reveal or share personal information with others.

Self-disclosure

____________ states that we tend to manufacture or construct attributions which best serve our own self-interests.

Self-serving bias

This theory refers to an assessment of costs and rewards in determining the value of pursuing or continuing a relationship.

Social Exchange Theory.

________________________ suggests that most individuals have a basic need or drive to evaluate and compare themselves to those around them

Social comparison theory

__________________ refers to an assessment of costs and rewards in determining the value of pursuing or continuing a relationship.

Social exchange theory

What are the five stages Knapp developed to depict how relationships "Come Apart."

differentiating, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, terminating.

When the ratio of inputs to outputs is equal for both members of a relationship, the relationship is _________________________.

equitable

In the staircase model, the ___________________________________ happens when the communication involves excessive questions and discussions about topics such as classes, hobbies, or demographic information.

experimenting stage

A ____________ work environment might include the exchange of sexual jokes, or stories in front of other employees.

hostile

The ______________ approach focuses on multi-directional communication and the appreciation for both formal and informal communication styles.

human resources

During the _________________ phase the leaver is trying to spend time considering whether or not the relationship is worth saving.

intrapsychic

College students sometimes reported higher level of relationship satisfaction when their partners used Facebook to provide _________________________.

positivity and assurances.

According to the authors, intensive face threatening, verbal belittling, and direct physical contact which includes physical slapping, shoving, or pushing are examples of what type of aggression?

High aggression.

The self is defined as ____________________ .

All of the options give are correct a complex system made up of a variety of interdependent elements that attain self organization. + highly complex and multidimensional + a psychological entity consisting of an organized set of beliefs, feelings, and behaviors.

Interpersonal communication is ___________

All of the options given are correct Dynamic, irreversible and composed of content and relational components.

What is a key element or element(s) of conflict?

All of the options given are correct. Interdependence + Goal incompatability. + Expressed struggle.

When partners work together to develop solutions to their disagreements that are mutually satisfying with a "win-win" outcome, they are using which conflict management style?

Collaborative/Integrative.

What is the term used to describe the ability to send messages that are perceived as appropriate and effective by receivers?

Communication competence.

People communicate to satisfy three universal human needs. The three universal needs are_________\

Control, inclusión, and affection.

_____________________ are descriptions or labels families assign to family members that affect the way we see and define ourselves.

Direct definitions

____________________ strategies typically involve face-to-face encounters between two individuals to reduce uncertainty.

Interactive

Which of the following is NOT a criteria for the emergence of conflict?

Partners must have identical goals.

What are the five most common relationship maintenance strategies?

Positivity, openness, assurances, social networks, sharing tasks.

There are three reasons why we want to study interpersonal communication. Those three reasons are______________ .

Professional relationships, personal relationships, and health.

___________ provides us with a "benchmark" that is the standard used to evaluate and categorize other examples that fall into the same category.

Prototypes

The five bases of power are:

Reward power, coercive power, legitimate power, referent power, and expert power.

This results from our inability to see and appreciate the uniqueness of individuals.

Sterotypes

________________________ serve as a guide to our behavior. They dictate what we should and should not do.

Values

When one party chooses to temporarily resolve the conflict by passively ignoring it rather than resolving the conflict long term, this conflict management style is called ___________________.

avoiding

Jeff and Ricardo are working together on a school project. They each have good ideas on how to proceed. Neither one wants to give up their idea for the project. They decide to work together on finding an acceptable solution where both of their ideas are integrated into one. Jeff and Ricardo are using the ________________________ conflict management style.

collaborating

When two parties use the ________________________ conflict management style, it becomes a lose/lose resolution because each party has to give up something to get something in return.

compromising

Assaults or criticisms of another person's sense of self, typically involving attacks on character, competence, background, or appearance, are called __________________________.

verbal aggression.