Intro to cloud computing

Cloud

1. Often used in technical diagrams to represent a network without showing any details. 2. denotes an abstraction of services from underlying infrastructure

Cloud Deployment Models

1. Private cloud 2. Community cloud 3. Public cloud 4. Hybrid cloud

Cloud Infrastructure

A cloud infrastructure is the collection of hardware and software that enables the five essential characteristics of cloud computing. Contains physical layer and abstraction layer

On-Demand self service

A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider

IaaS examples

AWS, verizon and AT&T

Experiment

Applications in the lower right are candidates for public cloud when a company is pursuing a "cloud first" approach, but more cautious companies or those early on their journey to using cloud may want to wait for these applications

Embrace the Public

Applications in the upper-right quadrant are the immediate prime candidates for public cloud

Consider Private

Applications that land in the upper-left quadrant, where cloud service benefits are high and clear, but the risks or challenges are also high, may be good candidates for this

PaaS Examples

Azure, force.com and cloud foundry

Cloud Decision Framework

Benefits vs challenges: Embrace the public, consider private, experiment and avoid

Broad Network Access

Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms

Rapid Elasticity

Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be appropriated in any quantity at any time

Measure Service

Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts) • Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service

Technology choices for cloud architecture

Compute, data store and messaging technology

Messaging Technology

Enables asynchronous messages between components of the application

Cloud computing model

Enables you to stop thinking of infrastructure as a hardware, instead think (and use) it as a software • Can change more quickly, easily and cost-effectively than hardware solutions • Eliminates the undifferentiated heavy-lifting tasks

SaaS examples

Google apps. salesforce.com, cloud service brokers

Data Store

Includes database, cache, log and anything else that an application might persist to storage

Business Justification on Public Cloud

Increased business agility, broader geographic distribution and increased reliability / availability

Traditional computing model

Infrastructure as a hardware • Requires space, staff, physical security, planning, capital expenditure • Have a long hardware procurement cycle • Requires you to provision capacity by guessing theoretical maximum peaks

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Compute

Refers to hosting model for that the application runs on

Physical layer pieces

Server pool and storage pool

Abstraction layer pieces

Storage virtualization: SAN and virtual machines

PaaS

The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the provider

IaaS

The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, etc. where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications

SaaS

The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider's applications running on a cloud infrastructure

Hybrid Cloud

The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds) • The cloud service infrastructure for each set customer is virtually separated from the other sets • Hybrid Cloud provides for innovative business solutions by combining different cloud services

IaaS control

The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls)

PaaS control

The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly configuration settings for the application-hosting environment

SaaS control

The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure, with the possible exception of limited user specific application configuration settings

Cloud computing

a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction

On demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity and measured service

characteristics of cloud computing

Physical Layer

consists of the hardware resources, and typically includes server, storage and network components

Abstraction layer

consists of the software deployed across the physical layer, which manifests the essential cloud characteristics

Community Cloud

• A community cloud serves a group that has shared concerns such as mission objectives, security, privacy and compliance policy, rather than serving a single organization • The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns • It may be owned, managed, and operated by one or more of the organizations in the community, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises

Private Cloud

• The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units) • It may be owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, it may exist on or off premises • Private cloud model provides an organization greater control over security, assurance over data location, and removal of multiple jurisdiction legal and compliance requirements

Public Cloud

• The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public over a public network • It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some combination of them and serves a diverse pool of clients • It exists on the premises of the cloud provider

Resource pooling

• The provider's computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand • The customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter)

Multi-Tenancy Cloud

• When single instance of a software application (and its underlying database and hardware) serves multiple tenants (or user accounts) • A tenant can be an individual user, but more frequently, it's a group of users such as a customer organization that shares common access to and privileges within the application instance • Each tenant's data is isolated from, and invisible to, the other tenants sharing the application instance, ensuring data security and privacy for all tenants