Intro to Physical Science Final
If the moon were half as far from the earth as it is now, the gravitational force it exerts on the earth would be A. one-quarter its present value. B. half its present value. C. twice its present value. D. four times its present value.
D. four times its present value.
Atoms and molecules are normally...`
Electrically neutral
The speed of an object moving in a circle is doubled. The centripetal force needed is...
Four times as much as before
Relative to its object, a real image formed by a lens is always...
Inverted
When a liquid freezes to become a solid,
It gives off heat
The discovery that the planetary orbits are ellipses rather than circles was made by...
Kepler
The period of the earth's orbit around the sun is...
One year
When voltage across a certain resistance is V, the power delivered is P. If the voltage is halved to V/2, the power delivered becomes...
P/4
The object in the sky that lies very nearly on an extension of the earth's axis is...
Polaris
The watt is a unit of...
Power
The ionosphere...
Reflects radio waves
When a skater pulls in her arms to turn faster, her angular momentum...
Remains the same
Gravity is not...
Responsible for holding atoms and molecules together
The wavelength of a sound wave is not related to its...
amplitude
A neon sign does no produce...
an absorption spectrum
Electrons...
behave like tiny bar magnets of the same strength
To an astronaut in orbit around the earth the sky appears...
black
Light of which of the following colors has the highest frequency?
blue
A drawing of the field lines of a magnetic field provides information on...
both the direction and the strength of the field
The properties of several different materials are being compared. If the samples all have the same volume, the one with the greatest mass would also have the greatest...
density
The time needed for a planet to orbit the sun...
depends on the average distance of the planet from the sun
The maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine...
depends on the ratio between the exhaust and the intake temperatures
The molecule of heavy water contains...
deuterium atoms instead of hydrogen atoms
Of the following, the highest index of refraction is found in a...
diamond
The bending of waves around the edge of an obstacle in their path is an example of...
diffraction
The entropy of a system is a measure of its...
disorder
Quarks are not present in...
electrons
According to the general theory of relativity, gravitation...
is a distortion in space-time
A car whose speed is a steady 50 km/h
is accelerated when it climbs a hill, goes over the crest, and descends on the other side.
The speed of a planet in its orbit...
is highest when it is closest to the sun
An object has a positive electric charge whenever...
it has a deficiency of electrons
When a liquid becomes a vapor...
it must absorb heat
Ice floats in water because...
its density is less than that of water
A bullet is fired upward. As it rises,
its mass remains the same while its weight decreases
When the speed of an object is doubled,
its momentum is doubled
If a shell is fired from a cannon explodes in midair,
its total KE increases
An object that has linear momentum must also have...
kinetic energy
On a molecular level heat is...
kinetic energy
The first law of thermodynamics is the same as the...
law of conservation of energy
The most important single source of radiation dosage received by an average person in the United States is...
medical x-rays
Steam at 100°C is more dangerous than the same mass of water at 100°C because the steam...
moves faster
Scientific theories...
must be constantly reviewed to see whether they are in accord with new experimental observations
When a nucleus undergoes nuclear decay, its new mass number is...
never less than its original mass number
When a real object is the distance f from a converging lens,
no image is formed
In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field is...
perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the wave direction
Which of the following effects does not occur in all types of waves?
polarization
The volt is the unit of electric...
potential difference
A moving object does not necessarily have...
potential energy
The sievert is a unit of...
radiation dosage
A pure musical note causes a thin wooden panel nearby to vibrate with the same frequency. This is an example of...
resonance
Of the following kinds of waves, the ones that cannot travel through a vacuum are...
sound waves
Of the following kinds of waves, those that cannot be polarized are...
sound waves
A golf ball and a ping-pong ball are dropped in a vacuum chamber. When they have fallen halfway down, they have the same...
speed
A day is the time needed for...
the earth to turn completely on its axis
Sound waves of frequency 300 Hz have a SPEED relative to sound waves in the same medium frequency 600 Hz that is...
the same
Which of the following quantities is always the same to all observers?
the speed of light
An object moving in a circle at constant speed is accelerated...
toward the center of the circle
Sound waves of frequency 300 Hz have a wavelength relative to sound waves in the same medium frequency of 600 Hz that is...
twice as great
The unit in which atomic masses are usually expressed is the:
u.
The image formed by a diverging lens of a real object is always which of the following?
virtual
The British unit of length closet to the meter is the
yard
Which of the following statements is not true? (A.) The proton mass is greater than the electron mass (B.) A proton in an atom circulates around the nucleus (C.) The Proton mass is almost the same as the neutron mass (D.) Protons are positively charged
(B.) A proton in an atom circulates around the nucleus
Molecular motion in a gas is the minimum possible at...
0k
The number of major accidents that have occurred at nuclear power plants is...
3
A moose weighing 3 kN is standing still. The force the ground exerts on the moose is...
3 kN
When a ton of coal burns, it loses 3.3 x 10^-7 kg of mass. The energy given off is...
3.0 x 10^10 J
The specific heat of whater is 4.2 kJ/kg*C. How long will it take for a 2-kW heating element to raise the temperature of 30kg of water from 20*C to 80*C?
84 min
Two waves meet at a time when one has the instantaneous amplitude of A and the other has the instantaneous amplitude B. Their combined amplitude at this time is...
A + B
A changing electric field gives rise to...
A magnetic field
The moderator in a nuclear reactor...
A. slows down neutrons emitted during fission
The Swedish flag is blue and yellow. When viewed with the blue light, it appears...
Blue and black
Which of the following are not a unit of power? (A.) Watt (B.) Newton-meter/second (C.) Horse power (D.) joule-second
(D.) joule-second
You are looking at the bottom of a lake 1.2 m deep from a boat. To you the lake seems to be...
less than 1.2 m deep
A compass needle tends to
line up parallel to a magnetic field
The greater the decibel (dB) level of a sound wave, the...
louder it is
The amplitude of a sound wave determines its...
loudness
The physics of a heat engine cannot be used to understand the operation of a...
nuclear reactor
A refrigerator...
removes heat from a region and carries it else where
A Celsius thermometer and an absolute thermometer are used to measure the temperature of the same gas sample. The readings are respectively Tc and Tk. Which of these statements are true? (A.) Tc is larger than Tk (B.) Tc is smaller than Tk (C.) Tc is equal to Tk (D.) Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the gas temperature
(B.) Tc is smaller than Tk
Which one or more of the following pairs of displacements CANNOT be added to give a resultant displacement of 2m? (A.) 1m and 3m (B.) 1m and 1m (C.) 1m and 2m (D.) 1m and 4m
(C.) 1m and 2m (D.) 1m and 4m
The pressure at the bottom of a barrel filled with liquid does not depend on the: (A.) Acceleration of gravity (B.) Height of the liquid (C.) Liquid density (D.) Area of liquid surface
(D.) Area of liquid surface
When heat is added to a body of matter, the resulting temperature increase does not depend on: (A.) its mass (B.) what kind of material it is (C.) whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas (D.) its shape
(D.) Its shape
Which of the following cannot be explained by the quantum theory of light? (A.) blackbody radiation (B.) X-ray production (C.) the photoelectric effect (D.) interference
(D.) interference
Which of the following statements is true? (a.) High tides are caused by the sun, low tides by the moon (b.) The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range (c.) Low tides are cause by the sun, high tides by the moon (d.) The sun is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the moon's influence modifying the tidal range
(b.) The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range
The melting point of water is 0 degrees Celsius. Its freezing point is...
0 degrees Celsius
A 400kg concrete block is 1m long, 0.6m wide, and 0.3 high. It can exert three different pressures on a horizontal surface, depending on which it rests on. The highest pressure is:
12.1 kPa
A ball whose momentum is mv strikes a wall and bounces off. The change in the ball's momentum is...
2 mv
A woman whose mass is 60kg on the earth's surface is in a spacecraft at a height of 2 earth radii about the earth's surface. Her mass there is:
60kg; mass never changes, only weight will
If a spaceship 100 m long when at rest on the earth were to travel at nine-tenths the speed of light, its length as measured by an observer on the earth would be...
Less than 100m
Ball A is thrown horizontally and Ball B is thrown upward:
They have the same downward acceleration
Direct electric current cannot be used to operate
Transformers
Direct electric current cannot be used to operate...
Transformers
Sound waves of frequency 300 Hz have a wavelength relative to sound waves in the same medium frequency 600 Hz that is...
Twice as great
Relative to what she weighs on the earth, an astronaut visiting another planet...
Would either weight the same, less, or more depending on the planet
Relative to the radio signals sent out by a spacecraft headed away from the earth, the signals that are received on the earth have...
a lower frequency
The atomic number of a nucleus decreases when it emits...
a positron
The height above the ground of a child on a swing varies from 0.5 m at the lowest point to 2.0 m at the highest point. The maximum speed of the child is...
about 5.4 m/s
The wavelengths in the various spectral series of an element...
are different for each element
Most known nuclides...
are readioactive
Light of which of the following colors is scattered the most in the atmosphere?
blue
A converging lens of focal length f produces a virtual image of a real object when the object is...
closer than f from the lens
The nucleus of an atom...
contains most of the atom's mass
A kilowatt hour is a unit of...
energy
When waves go from one place to another, they carry...
energy
According to Newton's third law of motion,
for every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force, but the forces act in opposite directions
The stars in a constellation....
form a pattern in the sky as seen from the earth
When a sound wave goes from air to water, the quantity that remains unchanged is its...
frequency
Ultrasound refers to sound whose...
frequency is too high for most people to hear
Molecules are, in general, farthest apart from one another in...
gases
The weight of an object is...
greater at the poles than at the equator
A wave of amplitude A interferes with another wave of the same kind of wave with the same frequency whose amplitude is also A. The resulting wave is...
has an amplitude of 2A
Living things...
have evolved throughout the earth's history
When the American flag us viewed with red light it appears...
red and black
A rocket is fired in space. As it moves, the total momentum of the rocket and its exhaust gases...
remains the same
Dispersion is the term used to describe the...
splitting of white light into its component colors in refraction
Nuclear fission and fusion reactions give off energy because...
the binding energy per nucleon is greatest for nuclei of intermediate size
The number of neutrons in a nucleus is...
Is either less, more, or the same than the number of protons it contains
Rolling a ball up an inclined plank requires an amount of work proportional to the...
Length of the plank
The "heat death" of the universe refers to a possible (although improbable) future in which all of its molecules are...
Moving at the same average speed
A week is the time needed for...
None of the choices are correct (the earth to turn completely on its axis= 1 day, the sun to drift completely around the sky, the moon to drift completely around the sky)