Introduction to Computers

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Input Device

Any piece of computer hardware used to provide data to the computer.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Brain of the computer that performs instructions defined by software

Storage Device Cable

Cable inside the computer transferring data between the motherboard and storage devices.

Clock Rate

Common measurement of the CPU speed; tells how fast the CPU can process data; the higher the clock rate, the faster the CPU.

Touchpad

Computer pointing device which takes advantage of a tactile sensor to detect a user's finger movement.

Defragmentation

Computer program allowing the computer to communicate with a hardware device.

Ethernet Cable

Cord connecting to the computer to the internet

Driver

Helps the computer communicate with the device.

liquid crystal display (LCD)

Is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals

Hard Drive

Main storage device of a computer, commonly referred as an internal device and used to permanently store data.

monitor

Output device which displays graphics and images from the computer.

Hardware

Physical parts of a computer, such as the hard drive, video card, monitor, and other substantial computer parts.

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Provides better quality images.

External Hard Drive

Removable hard drive located outside of the main computer tower.

Software

Set of computer programs designed to enable computers to accomplish certain tasks; major types of software include programming software, system software, and application software.

Giahertz

The speed of microprocessors, called the clock speed, often is measured in gigahertz.

Motherboard

When you 1st open the computer, the 1st thing you see is a big board, which holds all of the components together

Personal Computer

a computer designed for use by one person at a time.

Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)

a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains data.

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)

a proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device, such as a display controller, to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.

Surge Protector

an appliance or device designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes.

Power Connector

attaches to the power supply to the internal device. Their job is to allow the computer to connect to the internet.

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data.

Power Supply

converts power from the electrical outlet to the lower voltages your computer to connect to the Internet.

Universal Serial Bus (USB) Connector

is a common interface that enables communication between devices and a host controller such as a personal computer

Random Access Memory (RAM)

is a form of computer data storage that stores data and machine code currently being used.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI)

is a port used to connect display devices, such as LCD monitors or projectors, with the output device.

Digital Video Read-Only Memory (DVD-ROM)

is a read-only digital versatile disc (DVD) commonly used for storing large software applications.

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

is a standard for connecting and transferring data from hard disk drive to computer systems.

Power Cord

is an electrical cable that temporarily connects an appliance to the mains electricity supply via a wall socket or extension cord.

Output Device

is any peripheral that receives data from a computer, usually for display, projection, or physical reproduction.

Megahertz (MHz)

is commonly used to express microprocessor clock speed.

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process, and to provide run-time services for operating systems and programs.

Binary Digit (Bit)

is the smallest unit of data in a computer


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