Introduction to Life Science

What are the steps of the of the scientific method?

1. Make Observations 2. Ask a Question 3. Form a Hypothesis 4. Test the Hypothesis 5. Draw Conclusion 6. Communicate Results

The most powerful light microscopes can make images up to _____ times larger.

2,000

A(n) _________ is the classification that includes one or more families. a. Order b. Kingdom c. Phylum

A

The taxon that consists of one or more orders is the ________. a. class b. phylum c. genus

A

What is evidence?

A direct, physical observation of something or a process.

Define a species.

A group of similar individuals that can interbreed with one another and produce fertile offspring.

What is a hypothesis?

A proposed explanation that tries to explain an observation.

What is a scientific theory?

A summary of a hypothesis or a group of hypotheses that have been supported with repeated testing and data.

What is modern science?

A way of understanding the physical world, based on observable evidence, reasoning, and repeated testing.

What is meant by binomial nomenclature?

A way to give a scientific name to every organism. Each organism receives a two part name. 1. Genus (capitalized) 2. Species (lower case)

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies structures of animals?

Anatomy

What is a biohazard?

Any biological material that could make someone sick. Example: Needles, bacteria grown in a lab, ect.

A(n) _________ is the taxon that included one or more classes. a. species b. phylum c. family

B

The lab safety symbol with a skull and crossbones represents a(n) ________ hazard. a. flammable b. chemical c. electrical

B

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies bacteria?

Bacteriology

_________ science is the science with the aim of discovering new knowledge for its own sake. (Choose Basic or Applied)

Basic

What is the difference between basic and applied science?

Basic science is research aimed as understanding fundamental problems. Applied science is the application of basic scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. Example: Basic science studies healthy cholesterol. A doctor administering a drug to lower a person's cholesterol is an example of applied science.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies chemistry of living organisms?

Biochemistry

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the distribution of living organisms?

Biogeography

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies plants?

Botany

An example of applied life science research is ________. a. studying how yeast cells grow and divide b. figuring out what causes a particular disease c. designing windmills d. studying wind patterns

C

The knowledge obtained through the study of the cell, DNA and proteins is mostly ________. a. both basic and applied science b. applied science c. basic science d. applied research

C

What best describes a teratogen? a. A chemical that can cause cancer. b. Any material that could carry disease. c. A chemical that can cause deformities in a developing embryo. d. Disease causing agent, such as bacterium, virus, fungus, or protozoan.

C

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies cells and their structures/functions?

Cell Biology

An example of basic science research is _________. a. designing windmills b. administering a drug to lower a person's cholesterol c. developing drugs to treat cancer d. studying how yeast cells grow and divide

D

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies growth and development of plants and animals?

Developmental Biology and Embryology

List the classification categories for organisms from the broadest category to the most specific.

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies how various organisms interact with their environments?

Ecology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies insects?

Entomology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies how diseases arise and spread?

Epidemiology

Which has a nucleus, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes

What are the features of a good hypothesis?

Every hypothesis needs to be written in a way that can: 1. Be tested using experiments to collect evidence. 2. Be proven wrong. 3. Provide measurable results. 4. Provided yes or no answers.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the changing of species over time?

Evolution

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies organisms living in and around freshwater lakes, streams, rivers, ponds, etc.?

Freshwater Biology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies genetic makeup of living organisms and heredity?

Genetics

What were the findings of Hook and van Leeuwenhoek?

Hook discovered cells. van Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies mechanisms inside organisms that protect them from disease and infections?

Immunology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies organisms living in the ocean?

Marine Biology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies microorganisms?

Microbology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies nucleic acids and proteins?

Molecular Biology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the form and structure of living organisms?

Morphology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the nervous system?

Neurology

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the physical and chemical functions of tissues and organs?

Physiology

What are the four kingdoms that make up the domain Eukarya?

Plantae Fungi Animalia Protista

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the biodiversity, evolution, and environmental biology of populations of organisms?

Population Biology

What is homeostasis?

Process in which organ systems work to maintain a stable internal environment.

What are two forms of reproduction?

Sexual- combining genetic information from two parents to make a genetically unique offspring. Asexual- make identical copies of themselves

Compare and contrast the domains Archaea and Bacteria.

Similarities: - composed of single-celled organisms - composed of prokaryotic cells (cells without a membrane) - reproduce asexually by dividing in two - have species of cells surrounded by a cell wall Differences: - bacterial cell walls contain the polysaccharide peptidoglycan - archaea often live in extreme environments including hot springs, geysers, and salt flats (bacteria does not)

What is a scientific law?

Statements describing what always happens under certain conditions.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies the classification of organisms?

Taxonomy

What is a cell?

The smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms.

Why is it important for a scientist to communicate the results and conclusions of a study?

This will allow others to review the information and extend the studies. The scientific community can also use the information for related studies.

What is the purpose of a microscope?

To make things that are too small to be seen by the naked eye look bigger.

What does it mean "to observe"?

To watch and study attentively.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies viruses?

Virology

How do you think scientifically?

You must ask questions, make detailed observations, develop a hypothesis, find answers using tests, and question your answers.

What is the name of the field of the life sciences that studies animals?

Zoology

Mendel's descriptions of how traits are passed from parents to their offspring are examples of scientific _______.

law

To be seen with a light microscope, an object must be wider than 550 _____.

nanometers