INTS 345 Midterm review

Personalization principal

-use first and second person pronouns

generic

A _________ font describes the general appearance of the characters in a text but does not specify any particular font definition file.​

aside

A sectioning element that marks content related to a main article is

reset style sheet

A(n) _____ supersedes a browser's default styles and provides a consistent starting point for page design

User agent style

Alex's woodworking shop is trying to design a web page with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). Alex would like create the new design based on the latest elements and styles from Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and CSS. He has created a few sample pages: home.htm ---describes the business and contact information Product.htm ---displays a list of product descriptions Custom.htm ---displays a list of custom products Alex had forgotten to give any style for all of his pages. In this case, identify the style that would be applied to his pages.​

100%

All block elements, like the body element, have a default width of

mailto:address

An e-mail address can be turned into a hypertext link using the URL

Three guidelines for writing good HTML code that potential web page authors should be familiar with

Become well versed in the history of HTML and various versions of HTML and XHTML. Unlike other languages, HTML history impacts how one writes the html code. Become familiar with what different browsers can and cannot do. Test the code. If the code has to support several types of browsers and several types of devices, get them and use them to view the documents. Do not assume that if the page works in one browser it will work in an older version of that same browser. In addition, a given browser version might even perform differently under different operating systems.

HSL

Graphic designers consider _____ easier to use because it allows them to set the initial color based on hue and then fine-tune the saturation and lightness values

semantic elements

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) sectioning elements are also known as _____ because the tag name describes the purpose of the element and the type of content it contains.

2.0

Hypertext Markup language (HTML) version _____ added interactive elements, including web forms.

overflow

Identify a property that a browser can use to handle excess content

<div>

Identify the element that marks the distinct rows and columns of a grid to give a consistent structure to floating objects/ as well as center objects

box-sizing

Identify the property that is used to choose the layout model.

&#code;

If the encoding value is known, one can insert the corresponding character directly into a web page using the character encoding reference _____.

true

In addition to the W3C-supported style properties, most browsers supply their own extended library of style properties, known as browser extensions.​

true

In every version of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), one can apply a style rule containing a list of style properties to an element or a group of elements known as a selector.​

border

In refining a floated layout, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) support the _________ box model in which the width property is based on the sum of the content, padding, and border spaces and any space taken up by the padding and border is subtracted from space given to the content.​

_self

In the context of hypertext attribute, identify a target name that opens the page in the current window or tab

10

In the hexadecimal numbering system, the number 16 is expressed as

15

In the hexadecimal numbering system, the number 21 is expressed as

width

Ken has built a website for his assignment. He has created a blue background image for each link to the chapters that appear on the site. Also, each link appears in green without underlines. ​Ken can space the links equally across the browser window, to make the page text easier to read, by changing the

text-decoration

Ken has built a website for his assignment. He has created a blue background image for each link to the chapters that appear on the site. Also, each link appears in green without underlines. ​Which of the following styles has Ken most likely used to remove the underline from links?

Kerning attribute & tracking

Kerning measures the amount of space between characters, while tracking measures the amount of space between words. The properties to control an element's kerning and tracking are letter-spacing: value; word-spacing: value; where value is the size of space between individual letters or words. These sizes can be specified with the same units as used for font sizing. The default value for both kerning and tracking in 0 pixels. A positive value increases the letter and word spacing, while a negative value reduces the space between letters and words.

Leading attribute & having indent

Leading measures the amount of space between lines of text and is set using the following line-height property: line-height: size; where size is a value or a percentage of the font size of the text on the affected lines. If no unit is specified, the size value represents the ratio of the line height to the font size. The default value is 1.2 or 1.2em so that the line height is 20% larger than the font size. By contrast, the following style sets the line height to twice the font size, making the text appear double-spaced: line-height: 2em; ​ An additional way to control text spacing is to set the indentation for the first line of a text block by using the following text-indent property: text-indent: size; where size is expressed in absolute or relative units, or as a percentage of the width of the text block. For example, an indentation value of 5% indents the first line by 5% of the width of the block. The indentation value can be negative, extending the first line to the left of the text block to create a hanging indent.

Description list

Lew Russell, owner of Lew's Surfboards, would like to develop a page that would show a list of surfboard types along with their descriptions. ​ Which tag should Lew use to create a list to display his surfboard types along with a narrative for each type?

Social presence experts learning benefits through

More active cognitive processing

embedded

Most web pages include _________ content, which is content imported from another resource, often nontextual, such as graphic images, video clips, or interactive games.

outline

Nested lists can be displayed in a(n) _____ style through the use of contextual selectors

Based on research evidence, which e-learning feature most supports the benefits of personalization?

Polite phrases

Skeleton

Popular cascading style sheet framework?

box-sizing

Property used to choose the layout model

true

RGB triplets can describe 2563 (16.7 million) possible colors, which is a greater number of colors than the human eye can distinguish. ​

The modality principle is intended to:

Reduce cognitive overload in the visual channel

vertically

Scroll bars for overflow content are usually placed _____ so that one can scroll down to view the extra content

scalable

Since a page designer doesn't know the exact properties of a user's device, the common practice is to make the text _________ with all font sizes expressed relative to a default font size

link

The @import rule has the same impact as adding multiple _____ elements to a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) file.

@import url(url);

The Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) @rule that imports an external style sheet file located at ur1 is _____

hover

The _____ pseudo-class is to be used for a situation in which a user has moved the mouse pointer over a hypertext link prior to clicking the link.

active

The _____ pseudo-class represents the exact instant in which a link is activated.​

em

The _____ unit is the preferred style unit for web page text because it makes it easy to develop pages in which different page elements have consistent relative font sizes under any device.​

Which feature of on-line agents is most important for learning

The quality of the agents narration

complex or fast paced

There is strong and consistent support for using narration rather than on-screen text to describe graphics, especially when the presentation is:

Fixed/fluid layouts

Web page layouts fall into three general categories: fixed, fluid, and elastic. A fixed layout is one in which the size of the web page and the size of the elements within it are set regardless of the screen resolution. A fluid or liquid layout defines the size of the page and its elements as a percentage of the screen width, that is, the width of the web page and its elements is proportional to the width of the screen. Fixed layouts stay the same size regardless of the screen resolution. Fluid layouts change with the screen resolution. ​ In general, fixed layouts are easier to set up and maintain, but they're less pleasing to the eye when viewed on wider screens. A fluid layout may be more difficult to set up initially, but it's more adaptable to a market in which users access the web from a variety of devices and screen resolutions. Many designers use a combination of fixed and fluid page elements, enabling them to have the best of both worlds. Another approach is to use a script that queries each browser about its screen resolution and then adapts the page to that resolution.

auto

When a rectangular region is defined using an appropriate style, which value matches the specified edge of the clipping region to the edge of the parent element?

after

When the footer is the last element in a page body, the _____ pseudo-element is used to add a placeholder element after the footer

ridge

Which of the following can be used to express style in the outline-style property outline-style: style;?

thick

Which of the following can be used to express value in the outline-width property outline-width: value;?

​<div class="col-1-4"></div>

Which of the following class names is used to indicate a column with a width of 25%?

clip: rect(top, right,bottom,left);

Which of the following is the syntax of the clip property?

*{outline: 1px dotted red;}

Which of the following style rules is used to draw a 1px red dotted line around every element on a web page along with a wildcard selector?

pseudo-class

a classification of an element based on its current status, position, or use in a document

relative

a positioning used to nudge an element out of its normal position in a document flow

balance

a principle of design, involves the distribution of elements

emphasis

a principle of design, involves working with the focal point of a design.

rhythm

a principle of design, is the repetition or alternation of a design element in order to provide a sense of movement, flow, and progress.

pixel

a relative unit because the actual rendered size depends on the density of the output device & fixed layout, the size of the page and the size of the page elements are fixed using _____ as the unit of measure

i

a text-level element that indicates a span of text that expresses an alternative voice or mood.

span

a text-level element used to mark generic run of text within the document

content="text"

an attribute of the meta element provides the value associated with the http-equiv or name attributes

elem.class

an attribute selector used to select an element based on its class value

parent

an element is an element that contains one or more other elements, which are called child elements

floating

an element takes it out of position and places it along the left or right edge of its parent element.

inherit

assigns an element the display property of it parent element

visible

default overflow property

clipping

defines a rectangular region through which an elements context can be viewed

run-in

displays an element as a block unless its next sibling is also a block

elastic layout

expresses measurements in em units

fixed

if an object within a browser window had to be fixed so that is down;t scroll, it can set its position property to

rem/ root em

in the _________ unit, all font sizes are always expressed relative to the font size used in the html element.​

unity

is the ability to combine different design elements into a cohesive whole.

property: value

nline styles are styles applied directly to specific elements using the style attribute <element style="property: value"> content </element> where element is the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) element and _____ define the styles that are applied directly to that element.

absolute positioning

places an element at specific coordinates either in a page or within a container element.

relative positioning

positioning is used to nudge an element out of its normal position in a document flow.

Instruction should...

present information and prime the appropriate cognitive processing in the learner

framework

software package that provides a library of tools to design a website, including style sheets for grid layouts and built-in scripts to provide support for a variety of browsers and devices

elastic layouts

some designers propose the use of elastic layouts in which all measurements are expressed relative to the default font size using the em unit. If a user or the designer increases the font size, then the width, height, and location of all of the other page elements, including images, change to match. Thus, images and text are always sized in proportion with each other. The disadvantage to this approach is that since sizing is based on the font size and not on the screen resolution, there is a danger that if a user sets the default font size large enough, the page will extend beyond the boundaries of the browser window.

z-index

specifies a stacking order, stacks overlapping objects with the highest z-index value on top of the others

@import

statement must always come before any other style rules in a style sheet

internal

style sheet is applied only to the web page in which it is placed.

clip:auto

style that should be applied to remove clipping completely from an element

Inline

styles are added as element attributes within a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) document and thus apply to that element alone

Typography

the art of designing the appearance of characters and letters on a page

static

the default positioning style

hue

the tint of a color and is usually represented by a direction on a color wheel

fluid layout

uses percentages as unit of measure

fixed layout

uses pixels as unit of measure

fixed layout

​A _____ is one in which the size of the web page and the size of its elements are set regardless of the screen resolution.

box

​Block elements are laid out in a webpage according to the _________ model

4.01

​Hypertext Markup language (HTML) version _____ added support for style sheets to give web designers greater control over page layout and appearance

canvas

​Identify a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) embedded element that contains programming scripts used to construct bitmap images and graphics

block quote

​Identify a grouping element containing content that is derived from another source, often with a citation and often indented on a page.

​type="mime-type"

​Identify an attribute of the "an" element that indicates the media type of z linked document.

&nbps;

​Identify the character entity reference that can be used to force Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) to display an extra white space

elastic

​In a(n) _________ page layout, all measurements are expressed in em units and based on the default font size used in the page.

id="text"

​In order to enable users to jump to a specific location within a document, identify the attribute that should be added to an element tag to recognize that location

solid

​In the outline-style property outline-style: style; style can be set to _____ for displaying a single line.

How to create a list:

​Type <ol> to start an ordered list, <ul> to start an unordered list, or <dl> to start a description list. For each item in an ordered or unordered list, type <li> followed by the text for the list item, followed by </li> at the end of the list item. For each item in a description list, type <dt> before the term, followed by </dt> at the end of the term, and <dd> before the description, followed by </dd> at the end of the description. To turn off the list, type </ol> for an ordered list, </ul> for an unordered list, and </dl> for a definition list.

drop cap

​_____ is a popular design element which consists of an enlarged initial letter in a body of text that drops down into the text body.

positioning

​static, relative, absolute, fixed, and inherit are the five kinds of _________ supported by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).