IS Ch7
In the 1970's DARPA developed a suite of rules and procedures to handle the movement of data between computers. Transmission Control Protocol __________.
establishes a connection between the computers, sequences the transfer of packets, and acknowledges that the packets were sent
There are many kinds of networks and ways of classifying them. One way of looking at networks is in terms of their geographic scope. Which of the following types of networks is designed to connect personal computers and other digital devices within a half mile?
LAN
In some networks, messages are broken into smaller units that contain information about the source and destination, and then sent via a network. The lower the delay in the smaller units reaching its destination, the more suitable for interactive traffic. Which of the following statements is true of packet switching?
Packet switching is a method of slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive.
All of the following are part of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Reference Model EXCEPT ________. - application layer - transport layer - network interface layer - Internet layer - switching layer
(Switching is a function of the network involving hardware and software, not the TCP/IP protocols.). [The transport layer is responsible for providing the application layer with communication and packet services. This layer includes TCP and other protocols.; The application layer enables client application programs to access the other layers and defines the protocols that applications use to exchange data.]
A simple computer network consists of computers, a network operating system (NOS) residing on a dedicated server computer, cable (wiring) connecting the devices, switches, and a router. __________ consists only of computers, a connection medium, network operating system software, and either a hub or a switch.
A basic network
When you connect to the Internet, you might connect through a regular modem, through a local-area network connection in your office, through a cable modem or through a digital subscriber line (DSL) connection. Which of the following technologies operate over an existing telephone line to carry voice, data, and video transmission rates ranging from 385 Kbps to 3 Mbps?
Digital subscriber line (DSL)
All of the following are physical transmission media EXCEPT ________. - wireless transmission media - fiber-optic cable - coaxial cable - twisted pair - power lines
Power line (Although there has been some research about using the power grid for packet transmission, the concept has not yet been perfected.) [Wireless transmission media is based on radio signals of various frequencies and includes both terrestrial and satellite microwave systems and cellular networks. It is used for long-distance, wireless communication and Internet access.]
Which of the following statements best describes wireless sensor networks (WSNs)?
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of interconnected wireless devices with built-in processing, storage, and radio frequency sensors and antennas that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces.
The network operating system (NOS) ________.
routes network traffic ( The network operating system (NOS) routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources. It can reside on every computer in the network, or it can reside primarily on a dedicated server computer for all the applications on the network.) [A hub serves as a connection point between computers.]
As a part of a certain communication technology, an IP network provides a single voice-data infrastructure for both telecommunications and computing services, so companies no longer have to maintain separate networks or provide support services and personnel for each type of network. Which communication technology does the scenario describe?
Voice over IP (VoIP)
All of the following are major Internet services EXCEPT ________. - FTP - IM - email - Telnet - Web beacons
Web beacons
Larger LANs have many clients and multiple servers, with separate servers for specific services such as storing and managing files and databases, managing printers, storing and managing email, or storing and managing web pages. Which of the following best describes a metropolitan area network (MAN)?
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs.
_________ is a secure, encrypted, private network that has been configured within a public network to take advantage of the economies of scale and management facilities of large networks.
A virtual private network (VPN)
Every device connected to the Internet (or another TCP/IP network) is assigned a unique indentifier consisting of a string of numbers. What is an Internet Protocol (IP) address?
An IP address is the unique string of numbers assigned to a device connected to the Internet.
________ is the popular name for a networking standard useful for creating small personal-area networks.
Bluetooth (Bluetooth is the popular name for the 802.15 wireless networking standard, which is useful for creating small personal area networks (PANs). It links up to eight devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radio-based communication and can transmit up to 722 Kbps in the 2.4-GHz band.) [A virtual private network (VPN) provides a secure connection to another network.; TCP/IP is the main protocol for networks.]
The Internet is the world's most extensive public communication system. It's also the world's largest implementation of client/server computing and inter-networking, linking millions of individual networks all over the world. __________ uses digital cable coaxial lines to deliver high-speed Internet access to homes and businesses.
Cable Internet
________ operate over existing telephone lines to carry data, voice, and video.
Digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies (Digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video at transmission rates ranging from 385 Kbps all the way up to 40 Mbps, depending on usage patterns and distance.) [Cable Internet connections provided by cable television vendors use digital cable coaxial lines to deliver high-speed Internet access to homes and businesses. They can provide high-speed access to the Internet of up to 50 Mbps, although most providers offer service ranging from 1 Mbps to 6 Mbps.; In areas where DSL and cable services are unavailable, it is possible to access the Internet via satellite, although some satellite Internet connections have slower upload speeds than other broadband services.]
In its simplest form, a network consists of two or more connected computers. __________ are very simple devices that connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices.
Hubs
The Domain Name System is a hierarchical system with a root domain, top-level domains, second-level domains, and host computers at the third level. Domain Name Systems (DNS) servers maintain a database containing ________ mapped to their corresponding domain names.
IP addresses
A new version of IP addressing, which contains 128-bit addresses, is called ________.
IPv6 (The old addressing system is being replaced by a new version of the IP addressing schema called IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), which contains 128-bit addresses (2 to the power of 128), or more than a quadrillion possible unique addresses. IPv6 is not compatible with the existing Internet addressing system, so the transition to the new standard will take years.). [Internet2 is an advanced networking consortium representing more than 350 U.S. universities, private businesses, and government agencies working with 66,000 institutions across the United States and international networking partners from more than 100 countries.; TCP/IP is the protocol used to handle packets on a network.]
Larger LANs have many clients and multiple servers, with separate servers for specific services such as storing and managing files and databases, managing printers, storing and managing email, or storing and managing web pages. Which of the following is a network that spans a city and its major suburb?
Metropolitan area network
The method of slicing digital messages into pieces, sending the pieces over different communication media, and then reassembling the pieces is called ________.
Packet switching (a method of slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destinations.). [Switching involves sending and sometimes forwarding messages through a network.]
________ is very useful for inventory and supply chain management.
RFID. ( Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain. RFID systems use tiny tags with embedded microchips containing data about an item and its location to transmit radio signals over a short distance to RFID readers. The RFID readers then pass the data over a network to a computer for processing. Unlike bar codes, RFID tags do not need line-of-sight contact to be read.)
Mobile technologies are creating new efficiencies and ways of working throughout the enterprise. In addition to the wireless systems we have just described, radio frequency identification systems and wireless sensor networks are having a major impact. Which of the following best describes radio frequency identification (RFID) systems?
Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems use tiny tags with embedded microchips containing data about an item and its location to transmit short-distance radio signals to special readers that then pass the data on to a computer for processing.
A new family of standards developed to deal with the fact that people in remote areas do not have access to WIFI is called ________.
WiMax (The IEEE developed a new family of standards known as WiMax to deal with these problems. WiMax, which stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is the popular term for IEEE Standard 802.16. It has a wireless access range of up to 31 miles and transmission speed of up to 75 Mbps.). [A hotspot consists of one or more access points providing WiFi in a public place; Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces.]
Each Internet service is implemented by one or more software programs. All the services may run on a single server computer, or different services may be allocated to different machines. Which of the following major Internet services is used to retrieve, format, and display information using hyperlink links?
World Wide Web
The range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a telecommunications channel is called ________.
bandwidth ( The range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a particular telecommunications channel is called its bandwidth. The bandwidth is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel.) [hertz - The number of cycles per second that can be sent through that medium is measured in hertz—one hertz is equal to one cycle of the medium.]
Bluetooth enables a variety of devices, including cell phones, smartphones, wireless keyboards and mice, PCs, and printers, to interact wirelessly with each other within a close proximity. Bluetooth differs from WiMax in that Bluetooth __________.
can only link up to eight devices within a 10-meter area
A(n) ________ is a discrete binary waveform used for transmission of data.
digital signal (A digital signal is a discrete, binary waveform, rather than a continuous waveform. Digital signals communicate information as strings of two discrete states: one bits and zero bits, which are represented as on-off electrical pulses.)
A network that spans a city is called a(n) ________.
metropolitan area network (A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs.)
The __________ routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources.
network operating system
Mobile is now the leading digital platform, with total activity on smartphones and tablets accounting for two-thirds of digital media time spent, and smartphone apps alone capturing more than half of digital media time (Comscore, 2017). Earlier generations of cellular systems were designed for voice and short text messages. Today there are much higher transmission speeds. 3G networks differ from 4G networks in that 3G networks __________.
offer fair transmission speeds for browsing the Web but are too slow for videos
An array of technologies provides high-speed wireless access to the Internet for PCs and mobile devices. Bluetooth is one way that multiple devices within small proximity can transmit data in a small network. Bluetooth is the popular name for the 802.15 wireless networking standard, which is useful for creating small __________.
personal area networks (PANs)
Cellular networks are evolving toward high-speed, high-bandwidth, digital packet-switched transmission. While broadband 3G and 4G networks have high transmission rates, soon 5G networks will be capable of transmitting in the gigabit range. 4G networks differ from 3G networks in that 4G networks __________.
provide more than enough capacity for watching high-definition videos on smartphones
A communication processor used to direct packets of data through different networks is called a(n) ________.
routers (A router is a communications processor used to route packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address.) [A server is a computer that stores files on a network.]
________ converts domain names to IP addresses.
the Domain Name System (DNS) (Because it would be difficult for Internet users to remember strings of 12 numbers, the Domain Name System (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses. The domain name is the English-like name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the Internet. Next Question) [The IP protocol delivers packets of data]
There are many kinds of networks and ways of classifying them. One way of looking at networks is in terms of their geographic scope. The Internet is the most universal and powerful __________.
wide area network
Networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded in the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces are called ________.
wireless sensor networks. (Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded in the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces. These devices have built-in processing, storage, and radio frequency sensors and antennas. They are linked into an interconnected network that routes the data they capture to a computer for analysis.)