IS Project Mgmt quizzes

Using the formula for calculating the number of communication channels, how many channels would two people require? 3 2 4 1

1

Using the formula for calculating the number of communication channels, how many channels would five people require? 11 14 10 9

10

In a weighted scoring model, what percent must the sum of the weights of all the criteria total? 100 50 150 10

100

Six Sigma's target for perfection is the achievement of no more than _____ defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportunities. 1.34 34 13.4 3.4

3.4

Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle? A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated The point of time in the project lifecycle after which it is impossible to terminate a running project The period of time given to managers during the feasibility phases to decide on the cost, quality, and time constraints for the project The final submission of the project deliverables after which the project is terminated

A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated

Which is recommended for the creation of a good WBS? A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS. Any WBS item should be the responsibility of all the people working on it. The work content of a WBS item is independent of the WBS items below it. Each WBS item should be created assuming that the requirements are inflexible.

A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.

With a(n) _____ contract, the buyer pays the supplier for allowable performance costs plus a fixed fee payment usually based on a percentage of estimated costs. CPAF CPIF FPIF CPFF

CPFF

In which contract does the buyer pay the supplier for allowable performance costs along with a predetermined percentage based on total costs? CPIF CPAF CPPC FPIF

CPPC

As a manager, you want to praise a team member, Phil, for doing a good job on a particular project. However, you know he tends to be an introvert. Which communication method would Phil be most comfortable with? Call Phil in for a private meeting to appreciate his work. Call a team meeting to praise Phil for his work on the project. Have top management and the other teams in the company award Phil. Announce Phil's accomplishment on the company Web site.

Call Phil in for a private meeting to appreciate his work.

Which action involves defining and documenting the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them? Controlling scope Defining scope Collecting requirements Validating scope

Collecting requirements

_____ are predefined actions that the project team will take if an identified risk event occurs. Management reserves Workarounds Secondary risks Contingency plans

Contingency plans

What actions result in improvements in project performance? Defective Preventive Acceptance plan Corrective

Corrective

_____ contracts involve payment to the supplier for direct and indirect actual costs and often include fees. Cost-reimbursable Fixed-price incentive fee Lump sum Firm-fixed-price

Cost-reimbursable

Which planning process is within the Project Scope Management knowledge area? Schedule development Developing a project management plan Creation of a WBS Quality planning

Creation of a WBS

Who wrote Quality Is Free in 1979 and is best known for suggesting that organizations strive for zero defects? Crosby Ishikawa Juran Deming

Crosby

Which five-phase improvement process do projects that use Six Sigma principles for quality control normally follow? use case modeling DMAIC weighted scoring model configuration management

DMAIC

Which process involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project? Developing the preliminary project scope statement Developing the project charter Developing the organizational process assets updates Developing the project management plan

Developing the project charter

Who is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y? Frederick Herzberg Abraham Maslow Douglas McGregor David McClelland

Douglas McGregor

Which statement is one of Deming's 14 Points for Management? An organization should increase dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Award business based on price tag alone rather than on other considerations. Minimize total cost by working with multiple suppliers rather than a single supplier. Eliminate the annual rating or merit system.

Eliminate the annual rating or merit system.

Which technique involves doing activities in parallel that one would normally do in sequence? Critical chain scheduling Crashing PERT analysis Fast tracking

Fast tracking

Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings? Abraham Maslow David McClelland Douglas McGregor Frederick Herzberg

Frederick Herzberg

In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines. Which type of organizational structure does Rizatti Corp have? Symbolic Project Functional Matrix

Functional

In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the least amount of authority? Project Matrix Functional Circular

Functional

Which question is typically addressed by a project forecast? Are our clients satisfied with the speed and quality of work on this project? Does the quality of output match our goals? How much more money will be needed to complete the project? How comfortable are employees with the software and technology being used on the project?

How much more money will be needed to complete the project?

Which is true of push communication? Information is sent to recipients without their request. This method ensures that the information is understood by recipients. This method ensures that the information is received by the recipients. Information is sent only to recipients who request the information.

Information is sent to recipients without their request.

What processes include defining and authorizing a project or project phase? Monitoring and controlling Executing Planning Initiating

Initiating

Which statement is true of project management? It is a simple discipline with a limited scope. It does not guarantee successes for all projects. Its framework consists solely of project management knowledge areas. It has specific tools which work universally across all kinds of projects.

It does not guarantee successes for all projects.

Which is true about the agile method? It is used when a project team wants to provide a potentially shippable product earlier rather than later. It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product. It is used when project teams want to use the predicative approach to a project. It is often used when a project team can express the scope early in the product life cycle.

It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product.

Which type of tool is usually recommended for small projects and single users? High-end Low-end Midrange Upper range

Low-end

Which is an example of an organizational process asset? The organization's infrastructure Government standards Marketplace conditions Management systems

Management systems

Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than with their types of job or profession? People focus Group emphasis Unit integration Member identity

Member identity

Which process includes measuring progress toward project objectives and taking corrective action to match progress with the plan? Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring and controlling

Monitoring and controlling

Which analysis technique simulates a model's outcome many times to provide a statistical distribution of the calculated results? NPV Monte Carlo systems sensitivity

Monte Carlo

What type of analysis involves calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time? Net present value Cash flow Cost of capital Payback

Net present value

Which is most likely to be a reason for inaccuracies in information technology cost estimates? Human beings are biased toward overestimation. Estimates take a long time to be worked out. People lack estimating experience. Only software development provides the scope for estimates to be accurate.

People lack estimating experience.

Which project management knowledge area primarily involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information? Project communications management Project time management Project procurement management Project cost management

Project communications management

Which goal distinguishes project management and portfolio management? Portfolio management asks questions like, "Are we carrying out projects efficiently?" whereas project management asks questions such as "Are we investing in the right areas?" Project management involves making wise investment decisions whereas portfolio management does not. Portfolio management is an easy task whereas project management is a more difficult task. Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.

Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.

Which project management knowledge area ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken? Project risk management Project cost management Project quality management Project time management

Project quality management

Which characteristic highlights a difference between projects and operations? Operations have well-defined objectives whereas projects do not need to have a unique purpose. Projects are undertaken to sustain an organization's business whereas operations are not. Projects are temporary endeavors whereas an organization's operations are ongoing in nature. Operations are undertaken to create unique products, services, or results whereas projects are not

Projects are temporary endeavors whereas an organization's operations are ongoing in nature.

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. RAD life cycle prototyping life cycle spiral life cycle waterfall life cycle

RAD life cycle

A(n) _____ is a document used to solicit proposals from prospective suppliers. RFQ WBS RFP SOW

RFP

Which framework is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members? Six Sigma Dynamic Systems Development Method Agile Unified Process Rational Unified Process

Rational Unified Process

Which is a disadvantage for virtual teams compared to traditional teams? Reduced dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work Increased costs for office space and support Limited flexibility in team working hours Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

Galaxy, a construction company, buys a particular brand of tiles manufactured by Tiles and Floors, an eco-friendly tile manufacturing company. However, Tiles and Floors has declared bankruptcy and closed down. At present, Galaxy is facing a crisis because there are no other manufacturers in the market that supplies eco-friendly tiles. Which constraint is Galaxy currently facing? Time Resources Cost Scope

Resources

In organizational culture, what does means-end orientation refer to? The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment

The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results

What theory emphasizes factors such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers? Theory Y Theory Z Theory X Theory W

Theory Z

Which statement is true of analogous estimates? They use project characteristics in a mathematical model to estimate project costs. They are most reliable when previous projects are similar in fact with current projects. They are the only technique which do not require expert judgement. Their main disadvantage is that they cost more than other techniques.

They are most reliable when previous projects are similar in fact with current projects.

Which objective is true of projects? They have an indefinite beginning and end. They have a unique purpose. They are developed using regressive elaboration. They are permanent in nature.

They have a unique purpose.

Which is true of lump-sum contracts? They consist of a fee based on the satisfaction of subjective performance criteria. They incur a high degree of risk for the buyer. They are also known as cost-reimbursable contracts. They involve a fixed total price for a well-defined product or service.

They involve a fixed total price for a well-defined product or service.

Which process involves identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them? RAD Prototyping Use case modeling JAD

Use case modeling

Which action involves normalizing acceptance of the project deliverables and during this phase the key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables? Defining scope Creating scope Controlling scope Validating scope

Validating scope

Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined? RAD life cycle Spiral life cycle Waterfall life cycle Prototyping life cycle

Waterfall life cycle

When does payback occur? When the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs When the net costs are lower than the cumulative benefits When the net cumulative benefits minus costs equal one When the cumulative benefits are double the cumulative costs

When the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs

_____ are unplanned responses to risk events used when project teams do not have contingency plans in place. Contingency plans Fallback plans Workarounds Triggers

Workarounds

An IT company revises its process parameters in response to complaints from vendors that products were not ready on time. Which is this an example of? cost forecasting defect repairs a preventive action a corrective action

a corrective action

What do people who seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile have a high need for? achievement power security affiliation

achievement

Which type of estimate uses the actual cost of a previous, similar project as the basis for estimating the cost of the current project? parametric estimates analogous estimates bottom-up estimates definitive estimates

analogous estimates

Which approach for constructing a WBS uses a similar project's WBS as a starting point? analogy mind-mapping bottom-up top-down

analogy

What process is used to generate ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization? mind mapping systems thinking benchmarking prototyping

benchmarking

An example of pull communication is _____. video conferencing meetings blogs voice mails

blogs

What type of estimate is a cost estimation tool that involves estimating individual work items or activities and summing them to get a project total? analogous bottom-up parametric budgetary

bottom-up

A _____ is a tool used in quality management. probability matrix critical path analysis request for proposal checklist

checklist

Administrative activities, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project, are often involved in which processes? executing monitoring and controlling closing initiating

closing

According to Blake and Mouton, project managers who use which method employ a give-and take-approach to resolving conflicts? compromise forcing smoothing confrontation

compromise

In project procurement management, which process involves obtaining seller responses, selecting sellers, and awarding contracts? planning procurement management closing procurements conducting procurements settling contracts

conducting procurements

Outputs of the _____ process consist of selected sellers and change requests. controlling procurements planning procurement management closing procurements conducting procurements

conducting procurements

Which graphic display of data illustrates the results of a process over time? Six Sigma chart control chart statistical sampling chart Pareto chart

control chart

In project procurement management, which process involves completion and settlement of each contract, including resolution of any open items? controlling procurements conducting procurements planning procurement management negotiating procurements

controlling procurements

The main goal of which process is to produce a cost baseline for measuring project performance and project funding requirements? cost budgeting cost estimating cost planning cost controlling

cost budgeting

Which is an output of the process of controlling costs? scope baselines basis of estimates cost forecasts project funding requirements

cost forecasts

What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? safety self-actualization growth deficiency

deficiency

Which phase of the DMAIC process includes tools such as a project charter, a description of customer requirements, process maps, and Voice of the Customer (VOC) data? measure improve analyze define

define

In project schedule management, the main goal of which process is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work? controlling the schedule defining activities estimating activity resources estimating activity durations

defining activities

In project schedule management, which process generates the main outputs of an activity list, activity attributes, and a milestone list? defining activities resource estimating activities estimating activity durations sequencing activities

defining activities

What type of estimate is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs? definitive final budgetary rough order of magnitude

definitive

Which term describes a product produced as part of a project? variance deliverable scope work package

deliverable

What is the first step in determining the NPV? determine the discount rate calculate the net present value determine the cash flow determine the estimated costs and benefits for the life of the project and the products it produces

determine the estimated costs and benefits for the life of the project and the products it produces

The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? acquiring the project team human resource planning managing the project team developing the project team

developing the project team

In project schedule management, which process involves analyzing activity sequences, activity resource estimates, and activity duration estimates to create the project schedule? planning schedule management controlling the schedule defining activities developing the schedule

developing the schedule

Which dependencies are sometimes referred to as soft logic and should be used with care because they may limit later scheduling options? external inherent mandatory discretionary

discretionary

Which statement best defines schedule variance? planned value plus the rate of performance earned value minus the actual cost planned value plus the earned value earned value minus the planned value

earned value minus the planned value

Recognizing an employee as the "Star Performer of the Month" would be satisfying which need in Maslow's hierarchy? esteem self-actualization physiological safety

esteem

After working with key stakeholders to define activities and calculate their resources, what is the next process in project schedule management? develop the schedule. control the schedule. estimate the duration of activities. determine their dependencies.

estimate the duration of activities.

In project schedule management, which process involves estimating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities? estimating activity durations planning schedule management sequencing activities defining activities

estimating activity durations

Scope, time and cost goals in order of importance can be ranked on a(n) _____. expectations management matrix requirements traceability matrix probability matrix responsibility assignment matrix

expectations management matrix

Which dependencies involve relationships between project and non-project activities? discretionary inherent mandatory external

external

What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? assigning work responsibilities breaking down the work into manageable elements finalizing the project requirements defining how the work will be accomplished

finalizing the project requirements

The symbolic perspective of an organization: focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people. focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization. views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management.

focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

What is the main purpose of project plans? define project scope schedule management plans guide project execution estimate activity resources

guide project execution

The project team must take corrective action if stakeholders with _____ are categorized as resistant or unaware. low interest/ low power low interest/high power high interest/low power high interest and high power

high interest and high power

The stakeholder register is the output of the _____ stakeholders process of project stakeholder management. identifying executing monitoring planning

identifying

Which process involves determining what risks are likely to affect a project and documenting the characteristics of each? performing quantitative risk analysis identifying risks performing qualitative risk analysis planning risk management

identifying risks

The main output of which process is the stakeholder register? controlling stakeholder engagement identifying stakeholders planning stakeholder management managing stakeholder engagement

identifying stakeholders

What process involves determining everyone involved in the project or affected by it, and determining the best ways to manage relationships with them? managing stakeholder engagement planning stakeholder management controlling stakeholder engagement identifying stakeholders

identifying stakeholders

What process group does the project integration management knowledge area map to through the activities of developing project charters? planning monitoring and controlling initiating executing

initiating

A(n) _____ is a tool used to document, monitor, and track problems that need resolution. Gantt chart power/interest grid requirements traceability matrix issue log

issue log

What is one drawback of outsourcing? it cannot increase accountability of suppliers through a written contract it invariably results in an increase in both fixed and recurrent costs it does not provide access to specific skills or technologies it can make an organization become overly dependent on particular suppliers.

it can make an organization become overly dependent on particular suppliers.

Doctors who actively participate in a project related to using information technology for chronic health problems would be examples of which stakeholder? resistant leading supportive neutral

leading

Which process helps develop an accurate projection of a project's financial expenses and benefits? crashing fast tracking life cycle costing critical path analysis

life cycle costing

Which addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product? functionality performance maintainability reliability

maintainability

What does the process of controlling costs primarily involve? determining a basis for estimates managing changes to the project budget finalising the procedures for project costs determining the policies for project costs

managing changes to the project budget

One of the main outputs of the _____ process are change requests. planning stakeholder management managing stakeholder engagement controlling stakeholder engagement identifying stakeholders

managing stakeholder engagement

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers. project symbolic functional matrix

matrix

Which term is used for a significant event on a project that normally has no duration? milestone activity sequence activity attribute schedule baseline

milestone

The project schedule management knowledge area maps to which process group through the activity of schedule control? initiating executing planning monitoring and controlling

monitoring and controlling

Which process involves monitoring stakeholder relationships and adjusting plans and strategies for engaging stakeholders as needed? managing stakeholder engagement identifying stakeholders planning stakeholder management monitoring stakeholder engagement

monitoring stakeholder engagement

In the Tuckman model, what occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process? storming norming performing forming

performing

Which process involves prioritizing risks based on their probability of occurrence and impact? planning risk management project closing performing qualitative risk analysis monitoring and controlling risks

performing qualitative risk analysis

Which process involves numerically estimating the effects of risks on project objectives? performing qualitative risk analysis performing quantitative risk analysis planning risk responses identifying risks

performing quantitative risk analysis

Unenforceable conditions or contract clauses and adversarial relations are risk conditions associated with the project _____ management knowledge area. quality human resources integration procurement

procurement

What documents include a complete set of organized project records that provide an accurate history of the project? project archives forecasts project plans project notes

project archives

In project schedule management, which is an output of controlling the schedule? project management plan update activity duration estimate activity attribute milestones list

project management plan update

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the ability to improve a worker's position? penalty expertise promotion assignment

promotion

Which process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling? quality certification quality control quality assurance quality planning

quality control

What term is used for the relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity? democracy mirroring rapport empathy

rapport

According to Herzberg, which is a motivational factor? salary health benefits training recognition

recognition

Team building exercises and motivation techniques are tools used in _____ management. procurement resource cost scope

resource

Which term refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods? resource loading resource leveling resource logs resource histogram

resource loading

Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? reward referent coercive legitimate

reward

Which action involves changing the size of the opportunity by identifying and maximizing key drivers of the positive risk? risk exploitation risk sharing risk acceptance risk enhancement

risk enhancement

Which action involves reducing the impact of a risk event by reducing the probability of its occurrence? risk transference risk acceptance risk avoidance risk mitigation

risk mitigation

Risk utility rises at a decreasing rate for a _____ person. risk-indifferent risk-seeking risk-averse risk-neutral

risk-averse

In project procurement management, which is one of the main outputs of the conducting procurement process? selected seller closed procurement procurement statement of work procurement management plan

selected seller

Which is a measure of quality control equal to one fault in one million opportunities problems? ISO 9000 Six Sigma rule seven run rule six 9s of quality rule

six 9s of quality rule

In the Scrum method, during which meeting is the improvement of the product and process discussed? sprint retrospective daily Scrum kick-off sprint review

sprint retrospective

After identifying and analyzing stakeholders, the project manager and team should develop a(n) ______ to help them effectively engage stakeholders and make sure that good decisions are made throughout the life of the project. stakeholder engagement plan power/interest grid issue log stakeholder register

stakeholder engagement plan

Which document addresses where the project stands in terms of meeting scope, time, and cost goals? lessons-learned reports technical reports progress reports status reports

status reports

In the Tuckman model, what occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate? norming performing forming storming

storming

The _____ line for any e-mail messages you write should clearly state the intention of the e-mail. subject to from cc

subject

According to Lencioni, which quality is present in organizations that succeed? teamwork autonomy accountability commitment

teamwork

Which section of the project management plan describes specific methodologies a project might use and explains how to document information? technical processes management objectives risk management project controls

technical processes

What is scope creep? the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS. subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces a task at the lowest level of the WBS the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger

the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger

Which approach for constructing a WBS starts with the largest items of the project and breaks them into subordinate items? analogy bottom-up mind mapping top-down

top-down

A(n) _____ is a website that enables anyone who accesses it to contribute or modify its content. blog wiki forum intranet

wiki

Which document contains a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project? business case project charter work breakdown structure project scope statement

work breakdown structure

Which statement best describes scope? end product created as part of a project that is delivered to the client each level of work that is outlined in a work breakdown structure tasks that are decomposed into smaller tasks in a work breakdown structure work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them

work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them