Islamic Civilization
The split into Sunni and Shia divisions of Islam can be traced to
A dispute over the question of Muhammad's successor
Al-Khwarizmi , a ninth century mathematician from Baghdad, wrote a book using Hindu numerals to perform complex mathematical equations that included the use of multiplication, negative numbers and quadratic equations
Algebra
He was the son-in-law of the Prophet Mohammad, and Shia Muslims believe him to be Islam's legitimate successor to Mohammad
Ali
This is the name given to the type of Islamic government in Medieval history
Caliphate
The greatest geographic obstacle to the spread of Islam in the 7th Century was
Expansive deserts
The angel that came to Mohammad was called
Gabriel
This is the name of the religious pilgrimage to Mecca all Muslims must make at least one in their lifetime
Haji
The cities of Mecca and Medina are MOST associated with what religion
Islam
This is a monotheistic religion that originated from the teachings of the prophet Muhammad
Islam
· Give charity to the needy · Make a pilgrimage · Fasting during the holy month · Pray five times each day
Islam
What would have most likely have happened if Muslims had defeated the Franks in the Battle of Tours
Islam would have spread into Europe
The Battle of Tours (732 CE) was important because
It halted the advance of Islam in Europe
This is the religious text of Islam
Koran
This city was key in Arabian trade routes and was where Muhammed centered the Islamic faith
Mecca
This city was key in Arabian trade routes and was the destination of Muhammad's flight when persecuted in Mecca
Medina
This individual founded Islam in the 600s CE
Mohammad
This refers to a person who follows the teaching of the Prophet Muhammad and the Holy Quran
Muslim
Which Caliphate spread into what is now Spain and Portugal
Muslim
Christians see Jesus as a God, while Muslims see Jesus as a
Prophet
This is the Muslim month-long holiday that is one of the "Five Pillars of Islam."
Ramadan
This term refers to Islamic law as spelled out and interpreted form the Koran and from the Prophet Muhammad.
Sharia
This is the second largest denomination of Islam, after Sunni Islam
Shia Islam
This is largest denomination of Islam, embracing up to 90% of the world's Muslims. It considers itself to be the "orthodox" form of Islam
Sunni
The dispute that the successor to Muhammad needed to be a blood relative led to what split in Islam
Sunni/Shia
During the Middle Ages, Arabia was relatively isolated from the benefits of the Silk Roads primarily because
The Arabian Desert cut them off from the full impact of the trade