IT 1430 Study Guide

The ____ is the ordered list maintained by a JavaScript processor containing all the procedures that have been called but have not yet finished processing. methods list call heap call queue call stack

call stack

A(n) ____ label in a switch statement represents a specific value and is followed by one or more statements that are executed if the value of the label matches the value of the switch statement's expression. case default if break

case

After you throw an error, you use a ____ statement to handle the error. capture handle try catch

catch

The _____ size parameter of the radial-gradient function makes a gradient extend to the nearest background corner. ​corner-side ​closest-corner ​side-corner ​farthest-corner

closest-corner

Which of the following JavaScript statements works like a breakpoint? break; "use strict"; console.log; debugger;

debugger;

Symbols such as + and * used in expressions to manipulate operands are known as​ ____. events properties operators variables

operators

The AND operator is ____. && === || !=

&&

Character entity references are inserted using the syntax _____. ​<char> ​&char; ​charset="encoding" ​"charset=utf-8"

&char;

The _____ pseudo-class represents the exact instant in which a link is activated.​ ​visited ​open-quote ​active ​link

active

Which method displays a dialog box with an OK button?​ alert() write() onclick() getElementById()

alert()

Unlike the while statement, the statements in a ____ statement always execute once, before a conditional expression is evaluated. do/while do/continue do/until do/using

do/while

When using the console.log() method to trace bugs, it can be helpful to use a ____ program. tracing driver hub script

driver

Some designers propose the use of _____ in which all measurements are expressed relative to the default font size using the em unit. ​fixed layouts ​liquid layouts ​fluid layouts ​elastic layouts

elastic layouts

JavaScript source files that store especially useful generic scripts used on many different websites are known as __________. expressions event handlers libraries operators

libraries

Terry is building a web site and wants to have three main links called Home, Product Info, and Contact Us. She will create a hierarchy of page elements and revise the style sheets. If Terry decides to select all elements belonging to the main class, she should use the _____ selector.​ ​.main ​main[href] ​p.main ​#main.intro

.main

Which of the following is a falsy value? 0 true 1 -1

0

To add the comment, Welcome John Smith, the syntax would be _____. ​<---Welcome John Smith> ​<!--"Welcome John Smith !--> ​<!--Welcome John Smith --> ​< !/--- Welcome John Smith-->?

<!--Welcome John Smith-->

To add notes or comments, insert a comment tag using the syntax _____. ​<!--comment!--> ​</--comment> ​<---comment> ​<!--comment-->

<!--comment-->

Which of the following elements can be added to a document head to define a different starting point for relative paths? ​<base id="id"> ​<img src="file" /> ​<a href="file#id" /> ​<base href="url" />

<base href="url" />

Which of the following HTML elements is used to create a table title? ​<table> ​<style> ​<caption> ​<span>

<caption>

_____ contains a generic grouping of elements within a document. ​<div> ​<span> ​<dd> ​<dir>

<div>

Identify a syntax used to create a spinner control using an input element.​ ​<input name="name" id="id" type="number" value="value" step="value" min="value" max="value" /> ​<input name="name" id="id" type="number" value="value" set="value" min="value" max="value" /> ​<input name="name" id="id" type="number" value="value" size="value" min="value" max="value" /> ​<input name="name" id="id" type="number" value="value" area="value" min="value" max="value" />

<input name="name" id="id" type="number" value="value" step="value" min="value" max="value" />

Identify a syntax that displays a selection list as a scroll box with 5 options visible in the web form.​ ​<select size="5"> ... </select> ​<option size="5"> ... </option> ​<select value="5"> ... </select> ​<option value="5"> ... </option>

<select size="5"> ... </select>

The strict equal operator is ____. = === == !=

===

dentify the type of control that performs an action.​ ​A selection list ​A form button ​An input box ​A text area

A form button

____ is the temporary suspension of program execution so you can monitor values and trace program execution. The call stack Break mode Debugging Tracing

Break mode

____ is the process of tracing and resolving errors in a program. Bulletproofing Debugging Commenting out Linting

Debugging

____ allows programs to handle errors as they occur in the execution of a program. Input validation Exception handling Error coding Form validation

Exception handling

A break statement restarts a loop with a new iteration. True False

False

A linear gradient is a color gradient that starts from a central point and proceeds outward in a series of concentric circles. True False

False

A one-sided tag contains an opening tag that tells the browser to turn a feature on and apply it to the content that follows, and a closing tag that turns off the feature. True False

False

A popular design element is the inline-block, which consists of an enlarged initial letter in a body of text that drops down into the text body.​ True False

False

An anonymous function is a set of related statements that is assigned a name. True False

False

An if statement keeps repeating until its conditional expression evaluates to false. True False

False

Command buttons are created using an input element with the type attribute set to range.​ True False

False

Hypertext organizes data through a series of sites users can activate to jump from one piece of information to another. True False

False

In JavaScript code, you use the words yes and no to indicate Boolean values. True False

False

Setting the display style to none hides an element but does not remove it from the page flow. True False

False

Stacking an element takes that element out of the normal flow of the document and positions it along the left or right edge of its containing element. ​ True False

False

Syntax refers to the order in which various parts of a program run, or execute. True False

False

The sizing keyword auto tells the browser to resize an image to cover all of the element background while still retaining the image proportions. True False

False

There are predefined CSS styles to format the appearance of a placeholder. True False

False

​One can prevent browsers from displaying an element by setting its display property to inline. True False

False

​Sectioning elements are also known as interactive elements because they allow interaction between a user and an embedded object. True False

False

​The address element in HTML 5 contains the entire content of a document. True False

False

​Web pages are text files written in a language called _____. ​C++ ​Structured Query language (SQL) ​Standard Text Markup Language (STML) ​Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Hypertext Markup Language

​What is the purpose of colspan in <td colspan="7">? ​It sets each cell to span the eighth column within its row into equal parts. ​It sets each cell to span seven rows within its column. ​It sets each cell to span the eighth row within its column into equal parts. ​It sets each cell to span seven columns within its row.

It sets each cell to span seven columns within its row.

____ can turn static documents into applications such as games or calculators. JavaScript Cascading Style Sheets HTML XHTML

JavaScript

Identify a true statement of a JavaScript program in a web form.​ ​JavaScript intercepts the content of the form before the browser attempts to contact the CGI script and report whether the data contained in the survey form has been correctly filled out or not. ​JavaScript is a closed-source programming language, which provides tools and a programming environment for communicating the strategy and overall administration of distributed applications. ​JavaScript is extracted by all layout engines in a similar way; as a consequence, this grounds consistency in terms of functionality and interface. ​JavaScript is a bug-free Visual Basic scripting language, which is used only for networking applications.

JavaScript intercepts the content of the form before the browser attempts to contact the CGI script and report whether the data contained in the survey form has been correctly filled out or not.

Some of the more popular server-side scripting languages include ____. VBS and JScript PHP, ASP.NET, and Python C, C++, and CGI JScript, Livescript, and ECMAScript

PHP, ASP.NET, and Python

A default value need not be specified; the text area box can be left empty or the placeholder attribute can be used to provide a hint to users about what to enter into the text box. True False

True

A web table contains multiple table rows with each row consisting of one or more table cells. True False

True

A web table is an effective tool for organizing and classifying web page content. True False

True

An additional factor in applying a style sheet is that properties are passed from a parent element to its children in a process known as style inheritance.​ True False

True

Backgrounds are added in the reverse order in which they're listed in a style rule.​ True False

True

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) allow RGB values to be entered as hexadecimal numbers.​ True False

True

Client-side validation takes place on the user's browser. True False

True

Each time a program calls a procedure, the procedure is added to the top of the call stack, and then removed after it finishes executing. True False

True

Header cells and data cells are types of table cells supported by web tables. True False

True

The default browser style for data cells is to display text as unformatted text and left-aligned within the cell. True False

True

The first style sheet interpreted by a browser is the one built into the browser itself.​ True False

True

The most common way of accepting user input is through a web form. True False

True

The placeholder automatically disappears as soon as a user selects the control and begins to enter a value. True False

True

The sizing keyword contain scales an image so that it is completely contained within an element, even if that means that not all of the element background is covered. True False

True

User-defined styles are defined by users based on the settings they make while configuring a browser.​ True False

True

When nesting one element inside of another, the entire code of the inner element must be contained within the outer element, including opening and closing tags. True False

True

When parameters of the radial-gradient function are omitted, they take their default values.​ True False

True

Whether an element is displayed as a block or as inline depends on the style sheet. True False

True

You can place script elements in either the document head or in the document body. True False

True

​Only one caption is allowed per web table. True False

True

When you assign a value to a variable, you use an equal sign, which is also called a(n) __________ operator. arithmetic assignment comparison binary

assignment

Identify the option that specifies whether an image scrolls with the content or is fixed in the following background property: background: color url(url) position / size repeat attachment origin clip; ​origin ​clip ​attachment ​position

attachment

How is background color defined in a Cascaded Style Sheets (CSS) file?​ ​@bgcolor "color"; ​background-color: color; ​@background="color"; ​background: color;

background-color: color;

Sam is trying to decide the best way to design the background of his web page. He would like to add background images and background styles to his design. He needs to understand how browsers load a background image and learn about background style properties. ​Sam wants to change the position of an image on his web page. He wants to place the background image 30 pixels to the right of an element's left edge and 30 pixels down from the top edge. Identify the correct style that Sam should use. ​background-position: t_edge, 30px; ​background-position: 30px 30px; ​background-position: 30px; ​background-position: 30px vertical;

background-position: 30px;

A(n) ____ operator requires an operand before and after the operator. unary binary special bitwise

binary

Multiple lines of code that are not processed by browsers that are used to add notes about your code are called _____. statements block comments line comments interpreters

block comments

Scott works for an online retailer and has to format the border around each element on their web page. He has to set the border design and the border color for each element. He needs to understand how the appearance and color of the border can be defined. Scott wants to use the color gray for the top and left borders and black for the right and bottom borders for an element. Which of the following should he use to define this? ​border-color: gray, black, black, gray; ​border-color: gray black black gray; ​border-color: gray, black, gray, black; ​border-color: gray black gray black;

border-color: gray black black gray;

Identify the style that can be used to create elongated or elliptical corners.​ ​border-corner-radius: radius; ​border-radius: horizontal/vertical; ​border-corner: style; ​border-corner: type;

border-radius: horizontal/vertical;

Scott works for an online retailer and has to format the border around each element on their web page. He has to set the border design and the border color for each element. He needs to understand how the appearance and color of the border can be defined. Scott wishes to modify the combination of the borders used on an element. He wants to use a double line for the top/bottom borders and a single solid line for the left/right borders. Which of the following border styles should he use? ​ ​border-style: solid double; ​border-style: double solid solid double; ​border-style: double double solid solid; ​border-style: double solid;

border-style: double solid;

A(n) ____ statement is used to end the execution of a switch statement. default else continue break

break

Command buttons are created using the input element with the type attribute set to _____.​ ​range ​number ​command ​button

button

Oscar owns Oscar's Skateboard Shop. He wants to create a web form to allow users to specify the type of skateboards they would like to buy. This includes the make, model, type and color, and board options. Oscar's skateboards come in Children, Young Adult, and Adult sizes. Oscar's skateboards come in different colors, patterns, and themes. He has over 25 makes and models of skateboards. Oscar wants the web form to allow users to select the delivery date for the items he purchases. To select the dates, Oscar should use a _____.​ ​calendar control ​check box ​radio button ​hover dropdown

check box

Which of the following is true of class in the table tag <table class=" ">? ​class is an tag. ​class is an attribute. ​class is an function. ​class is an label.

class is an attribute

A case label consists of the keyword case, followed by a literal value or variable name, followed by a ____. period (.) colon (:) comma (,) semi-colon (;)

colon (:)

Which of the following HTML attributes is used to create a single cell that occupies more than one cell from a series of horizontal cells? ​colspan ​rowspan ​rowwidth ​colwidth

colspan

Identify the default type for the box-sizing property. ​border-box ​padding-box ​inherit-box ​content-box

content-box

A(n) ____ type is the specific category of information that a variable contains. data function event variable

data

​The Yacht club has a web site that consists of a picture of the yacht club room along with the yacht club rules on the left. On the right side is a list of upcoming events, the company logo, and the yacht club teacher training dates. Sue, the web designer, needs some help with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to make sure the pages display correctly. ​To make the webpage display the yacht club rules in a bulleted list, _____ should be used. ​display: top-list ​display: item-list ​display: list ​display: list-item

display: list-item

The console.log() debugging method results in messages ____. displayed in the browser console displayed in dialog boxes written to the test of the document being debugged available only to the JavaScript processor

displayed in the browser console

Identify the format to add new content before an element with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).​ ​element::before text: open-quote; ​element:before content: text; ​element::before {content: text;} ​element::before {content: open-quote;}

element::before{content:text;}

​Early versions of HTML supported presentational _____ and presentational attributes designed to describe how each element should be rendered by web browsers. ​characteristics ​units ​levels ​elements

elements

The _____ unit is the preferred style unit for web page text because it makes it easy to develop pages in which different page elements have consistent relative font sizes under any device.​ ​em ​ft ​in ​en

em

A(n) ____ tells the compiler or interpreter that the character that follows it has a special purpose. null character exclamation point upper case character escape character

escape character

A(n) _____ is a specific circumstance that is monitored by JavaScript and that your script can respond to in some way. event operator literal expression

event

When an event occurs, your script executes any code that responds to that specific event on that specific element. This code is known as the __________. event handler operand attribute literal

event handler

A value, variable, or combination that can be evaluated by a JavaScript interpreter to produce a result is a ______. literal statement identifier expression

expression

​The _____ element is used to contain an image file and can also be used to mark any page content that should stand apart from the main content of an article. ​article ​figure ​image ​border

figure

After you evaluate code for exceptions, you can use a ____ statement to perform cleanup or necessary tasks. try finally catch throw

finally

​A _____ is one in which the size of the web page and the size of its elements are set regardless of the screen resolution. ​liquid layout ​stationary layout ​fluid layout ​fixed layout

fixed layout

Identify the root folder in the absolute path /folder1/folder2/folder3/file. ​folder2 ​folder1 ​folder3 ​file

folder1

Which method returns a collection of references to all instances of a certain element in an HTML document? getElementsByClassName() getElementsByName() getElementsByTagName() getElementById()

getElementsByTagName()

The _____ pseudo-class is to be used for a situation in which a user has moved the mouse pointer over a hypertext link prior to clicking the link.​ ​root ​hover ​active ​link

hover

The most common type of decision-making statement is the____. for statement if statement switch statement while statement

if statement

If you want to execute one set of statements when a condition evaluates to a truthy value and another set of statements when the condition evaluates to a falsy value, you need the ____ statement. if/else switch while do/while

if/else

An element's numeric position within an array is the____. array literal length property index array

index

In a(n) ____ loop, a loop statement never ends because its conditional expression is never falsy. infinite iteration length nested

infinite

Identify the cross-browser style sheet that changes the text color of the placeholder text for every input box to light red for the moz extension.​ ​input:-moz-input-placeholder {color: rgb (255, 151, 151);} ​input::-moz-placeholder {color: rgb(255, 151, 151);} ​input:-moz-placeholder {color: rgb (255, 151, 151);} ​input:: moz-placeholder-webkit {color: rgb(255, 151, 151);}

input::-moz-placeholder {color: rgb(255, 151, 151);}

A(n) ____ is a positive or negative number with no decimal places. scientific number integer exponential number floating-point number

integer

Each repetition of a looping statement is called a(n) ____. length infinite nested iteration

iteration

A(n) ____ variable is declared inside a function and is available only within the function in which it is declared. limited global return local

local

Writing values directly to the console is known as ____. stepping out breaking logging writing

logging

A ____ error is a flaw in a program's design that prevents the program from running as you anticipate. compile-time logic run-time syntax

logic

A ____ statement is a control flow statement that repeatedly executes a statement or a series of statements while the value of a specific condition is truthy or until the value of a specific condition becomes truthy. break fork decision-making loop

loop

JavaScript is a ____ programming language. loosely typed strongly typed static typed numeric typed

loosely typed

​An e-mail address can be turned into a hypertext link using the URL _____. ​mailto:address ​<mail="address"> ​mail:<address="(_blank|_self|_top)"> ​&mail;

mailto:address

Andy designed a web page for a product-oriented industry using CSS properties. He used several HTML tags to create the web page. He also used tables to ensure that the data is easily managed. Which of the following properties must Andy use to make sure the table element is centered horizontally within the page content? ​text-align: center; ​float: left; ​vertical-align: middle; ​margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;

margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;

get and post are two possible values for the _____ attribute.​ ​action ​enctype ​class ​method

method

To center an element vertically within its parent element, display the parent element as a table cell with a defined height and then set the vertical-align property to _____. ​top ​left ​right ​middle

middle

Placing one decision-making statement within another decision-making statement creates a(n) ____ decision-making structure. nested length infinite iteration

nested

Identify the default clear value that allows an element to be displayed alongside any floated objects. ​right ​left ​none ​middle

none

The _____ value of the display style removes an element from a rendered page. ​empty ​none ​hide ​null

none

Identify a padding property used to set the width of the padding space.​ padding: size; ​padding: style; ​padding: pixel; ​padding: font;

padding: size;

Sending arguments to the parameters of a called function is called ____ arguments. function passing anoymous event

passing

An object is ____ that can be treated as an individual unit or component. programming code and data formatting and color state and contents file and data

programming code and data

_____, another type of pseudo selector, is an object that exists only in the rendered page.​ ​Pseudo-object ​Pseudo-class ​Pseudo-type ​Pseudo-element

pseudo-element

Identify a data type applied in an input element to create slider controls. ​ ​number ​range ​character ​string

range

You can use an arithmetic operator to return the modulus of a calculation, which is the ____ when you divide one number by another number. quotient remainder left difference product

remainder left

The _____ attribute must be added to the control to identify whether the data has been supplied to those fields that are opposed to the ones that are optional.​ ​method ​enctype ​required ​default

required

A(n) _____ supersedes a browser's default styles and provides a consistent starting point for page design. ​fixed grid ​elastic layout ​content box ​reset style sheet

reset style sheet

A(n) ____ statement is a statement that returns a value to the statement that called the function. replace exit value return

return

If the slices of a graphic image do not fill the sides with an integer number of tiles, identify the repeat option that can be used with the border-image property to rescale the slices until they do. ​repeat ​stretch ​round ​space

round

The _____ attribute is added to a <td> element to create a cell that spreads across several cells vertically. ​colspan ​cellpadding ​cellspacing ​rowspan

rowspan

The display type value _____ is displayed as a block unless its next sibling is also a block, in which case, it is displayed in-line, essentially combining the two blocks into one. ​inline ​none ​run-in ​block

run-in

____ refers to programming using a scripting language that is executed from a web server. Host-side scripting Client-side scripting Servlet-side scripting Server-side scripting

server-side scripting

​In the given image, which of the following types of background property does figure 6 denote? ​repeat-x ​repeat ​round ​space

space

​Identify a text-level element used to mark generic run of text within the document. ​span ​cite ​mark ​div

span

The individual lines of code that make up a JavaScript program in a document are called ______. statements reserved words variables identifiers

statements

The ____ statement controls program flow by executing a specific set of statements, depending on the value of an expression. while if if...else switch

switch

​Data cells that do not function as headers for table rows or columns are marked using the _____ element. ​th ​td ​tr ​tt

td

Which of the following CSS properties is used to align the caption text horizontally? ​text-side ​caption-position ​caption-align ​text-align

text-align

Identify a property used to align text horizontally.​ ​text-align: alignment; ​align-text: horizontal; ​align-text: baseline; ​horizontal-align: alignment;

text-align: alignment;

When a style for a table element is created by setting the font color to red, _____. ​the caption text will be displayed in a red font ​the caption text will be displayed in black font ​the caption text will be displayed in the same color as the border ​the caption text will be displayed in the same color as the previous table

the caption text will be displayed in a red font

In the given figure, Box A refers to _____.​ ​the second cell in column two that spans across two rows ​the second cell in rows two and three that spans seven columns ​the second cell in row one that spans seven columns ​the second cell in rows two and three that spans two columns

the second cell in rows two and three that spans seven columns

You use a ____ statement within a try block to specify an error message. call catch throws throw

throw

Sam is trying to decide the best way to design the background of his web page. He would like to add background images and background styles to his design. He needs to understand how browsers load a background image and learn about background style properties. ​Sam wants the browser to load a background image and repeat the image in both the vertical and horizontal directions until the background is filled. This process is known as _____. ​papering ​painting ​tiling ​drawing

tiling

You enclose code that may contain an exception in a ____ statement. throws throw try catch

try

The style rule ul {list-style-image: url(redball.png);} displays items from _____ lists marked with the graphic image in the redball.png file.​ ​ordered ​structured ​unordered ​unstructured

unordered

Which keyword do you use to create a variable?​ var assign for value

var

Placing a parameter name within the parentheses of a function definition is the equivalent of declaring a new ____. variable function event data type

variable

Ken has built a website for his assignment. He has created a blue background image for each link to the chapters that appear on the site. Also, each link appears in green without underlines. Ken can space the links equally across the browser window, to make the page text easier to read, by changing the _____. ​width ​font-size ​text-align ​height

width