IT Project Management

Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle?

A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated

An organization's project management plan expresses the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies of the organization.

False

An organizational culture with strong unit integration makes the project manager's job more difficult.

False

Earned value management is a tool primarily used in resource management.

False

Initiating and closing tasks are usually the longest and require the most amount of resources and time.

False

Internal stakeholders include groups affected by the project such as government officials or concerned citizens.

False

It is mandatory for project managers working on large information technology projects to be experts in the field of information technology.

False

Key outcomes of the executing process group are formal acceptance of the work and creation of closing documents.

False

Most people believe that the underlying causes of many companies' problems can be traced to its organizational structure.

False

Opportunities and directives are essentially the same thing.

False

Project work is most successful in an organizational culture where activities are organized around individuals.

False

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) framework is incompatible with the PMBOK process.

False

The best way to sustain a project is to withhold the required money, human resources, and visibility for the project.

False

The nature of hardware development projects is more diverse than software-oriented projects.

False

The number of interfaces in a single project is limited, and does not depend on the number of people involved in the project.

False

The only responsibility of a project manager is to meet the specific scope, time, and cost goals of a project.

False

The pre-initiation phase of a project using the Scrum method does not involve project charters, stakeholder management strategy, and kick-off meetings.

False

The primary role of project stakeholder management is to ensure that the project will satisfy the stated needs for which it was undertaken.

False

The team members of a virtual team are all of the same nationality.

False

_____ refer to undesirable situations that prevent an organization from achieving its goals.

Problems

In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the most authority?

Project

The _____ is an international professional society for project managers founded in 1969.

Project Management Institute

Martha works as a project manager at a bank. Due to certain changes in external factors, Martha needs to make a few alterations in the tactical goals of her project. In such a scenario, which of the following will best help Martha cope with the change?

Project environment knowledge

_____ refers to the process in which organizations group and manage projects and programs as a portfolio of investments that contribute to the entire enterprise's success.

Project portfolio management

Which project management knowledge area ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken?

Project quality management

In which systems development life cycle do model developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously?

Prototyping life cycle

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation.

RAD life cycle

Which framework is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members?

Rational Unified Process

Galaxy, a construction company, buys a particular brand of tiles manufactured by Tiles and Floors, an eco-friendly tile manufacturing company. However, Tiles and Floors has declared bankruptcy and closed down. At present, Galaxy is facing a crisis because there are no other manufacturers in the market that supplies eco-friendly tiles. Which constraint is Galaxy currently facing?

Resources

A(n) _____ is a cross-functional team of five to nine people who organize themselves and the work to produce the desired results for each sprint.

Scrum team

A(n) _____ is the person who ensures that the team is productive, facilitates the daily Scrum, enables close cooperation across all roles and functions, and removes barriers that prevent the team from being effective.

ScrumMaster

In organizational culture, what does means-end orientation refer to?

The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results

Which objective is true of projects?

They have a unique purpose.

A project's stakeholders include its customers, users, and suppliers.

True

An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

True

Identifying the project sponsor is a pre-initiation task.

True

Payback period is the amount of time it will take to recoup, in the form of net cash inflows, the total dollars invested in a project.

True

Program managers are change agents.

True

Project managers and their teams must recognize the effects of any project on the interests and needs of the entire system or organization instead of focusing on the immediate concerns of the project.

True

Project managers must have cooperation from people in other parts of the organization.

True

A _____ is a starting point, a measurement, or an observation that is documented so that it can be used for future comparison. changes.

baseline

What important Scrum artifact is used to graphically display progress on each sprint during the monitoring and controlling process?

burndown chart

Which stage of information technology planning outlines business processes that are central to achieving strategic goals and helps determine which ones could most benefit from information technology?

business area analysis

A _____ is a tool used in quality management.

checklist

Which process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end?

closing

A positive NPV means the return from a project exceeds the _____, the return available by investing the capital elsewhere.

cost of capital

A(n) _____ refers to a product or service, such as a report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project.

deliverable

The symbolic perspective of an organization:

focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

In a(n) _____ organizational structure, project managers have little or no authority.

functional

Three general classifications of organizational structures are _____, project, and matrix.

functional

What process group does the project integration management knowledge area map to through the activities of developing project charters?

initiating

The _____ is the discount rate that results in an NPV of zero for a project.

internal rate of return

The ideal outcome of the _____ process group is to complete a project successfully by delivering the agreed-upon project scope within time, cost, and quality constraints.

monitoring and controlling

The project schedule management knowledge area maps to which process group through the activity of schedule control?

monitoring and controlling

Ethics is a set of principles that guides decision making based on _____ of what is considered right and wrong.

personal values

A _____ is a tool used in risk management.

probability matrix

A(n)_____ is a series of actions directed toward a particular result.

process

A(n) _____ is "a group of related projects, subsidiary programs, and program activities managed in a coordinated manner to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually."

program

An organizational process assets update is the output of which closing process?

project integration management

What document used to coordinate all project planning documents and help guide a project's execution and control?

project management plan

Which information is included in a business case?

project objective, high-level requirements, and time and cost goals

Which section of the project management plan includes external interfaces, internal structure, as well as roles and responsibilities?

project organization

Which section of the project plan lists the planned dates for completing key deliverables?

schedule

A(n) _____ is a document that includes stakeholders' roles, names, organizations, and contact information.

stakeholder register

The _____ frame of the organization is the one that is usually depicted in an organizational chart.

structural

The three spheres of systems management are business, organization, and _____.

technology

Steve, an engineer in a construction company, is at present working on a home construction project. The home is being built for the Robinson family, the owners of the home. Steve is working with his project team and support staff to ensure the project is completed on time. In such a scenario, the project sponsor is _____.

the Robinson family

What is the first step in the planning process?

tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

In project management, the three limitations of scope, time, and cost are referred to as the _____.

triple constraint

Many project management activities occur as part of the planning process group.

true

A milestone list is an output associated with the Project Scope Management knowledge area.

False

A project manager's primary role is to provide the funding for a project.

False

An organization should consider only projects with a negative NPV if financial value is a key criterion for project selection.

False

_____ refers to the degree to which work activities are organized around teams, rather than individuals.

Group emphasis

What statement is true regarding a return on investment or ROI?

It is always a percentage.

Which is true about the agile method?

It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product.

_____ is a technique that uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas.

Mind mapping

_____ project work includes collecting, measuring, and disseminating performance information.

Monitoring

_____ analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time.

NPV

_____ progress from initiation activities to planning activities, executing activities, monitoring and controlling activities, and closing activities.

Project management process groups

Which attribute best defines the role of leaders?

They inspire people to reach goals.

Change requests are always made in writing.

True

Every project should have a well-defined objective.

True

Maturity models, statistical methods, and test plans are examples of tools used in quality management.

True

Project resource management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with a project.

True

Projects that arise as a result of problems and directives must be resolved quickly to avoid hurting an organization's business.

True

The same organization can have different subcultures.

True

Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which departments within an organization are encouraged to coordinate with each other?

Unit integration

Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined?

Waterfall life cycle

Project management _____ describe the key competencies that project managers must develop.

knowledge areas

A(n) _____ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

project

What tool provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance?

work breakdown structure

_____ are new requirements imposed by management, government, or some external influence.

Directives

_____ the project includes work required to introduce any new hardware, software, and procedures into normal operations.

Executing

Which are outputs of the executing process of project integration management?

Deliverables

Which process involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project?

Developing the project charter

What are new requirements imposed by management, government, or some external influence referred to as?

Directives

What actions result in improvements in project performance?

Corrective

_____ refer to chances to improve the organization.

Opportunities

_____ is a project management methodology that defines 45 separate subprocesses and organizes these into eight process groups.

PRINCE2