ITE-1 V5.0 - Ch 9 - Printers - 1
following printer output options manage how the ink or toner goes on the media
1-Color management, 2-Print speed
disadvantages of a laser printer
1-High cost of start up, 2-Toner cartridges are expensive, 3-Require a high level of maintenance
advantages of an inkjet printer
1-Initial low cost, 2-High resolution, 3-Quick to warm up
total cost of ownership (TCO) includes a number of factors
1-Initial purchase price, 2-Cost of supplies, such as paper and ink, 3-Pages per month, 4-Price per page, 5-Maintenance costs, 6-Warranty costs
media control options set the way a printer manages media
1-Input paper tray selection, 2-Output path selection, 3-Media size and orientation, 4-Paper weight selection
thermal printer has the following advantages
1-Longer life because there are few moving parts,2-Quiet operation,3-No cost for ink or toner
advantages of a laser printer
1-Low cost per page, 2-High ppm, 3-High capacity, 4-Prints are dry
some disadvantages of an impact printer
1-Noisy, 2-Low-resolution graphics, 3-Limited color capability
some disadvantages of an inkjet printer
1-Nozzles are prone to clogging, Ink cartridges are expensive, 3-Ink is wet after printing.
Postscript
1-Page is rendered by the printer, 2-Better quality output, 3-handles more complex print jobs, 4-output is identical on different printers
PCL
1-Page is rendered on local workstations, 2-faster print jobs, 3-requires less printer memory, 4-output varies slightly on different printers
thermal printer has the following disadvantages
1-Paper is expensive, 2-Paper has a short shelf life, 3-Images are poor quality, 4-Paper must be stored at room temperature, 5-Color printing is not available.
Printer functions might include
1-Print double-sided documents,2-Use different paper trays for different paper sizes,3-Change the settings of a color printer so that it prints in black and white or grayscale,4-Print in draft mode,5-Use an optical character recognition (OCR) application.
advantages of an impact printer
1-Uses less expensive ink than inkjet or laser printers, 2-Uses continuous feed paper, 3-Has carbon-copy printing ability
Printer - Reliability - Factors:
1-Warranty, 2-Scheduled serving, 3-MTBF - Mean time between failures
You should avoid touching printouts for
10 to 15 seconds to prevent smearing.
FireWire provides a single plug-and-socket connection that can attach up to
63 devices. data transfer rate of up to 400 Mb/s.
Printer - Warranty -
Identify what is covered within the warranty.
Printer Configuration Options - Grayscale printing -
Images printed using only black ink in different shades
Install a printer Driver - Step 3
Install the downloaded driver.
Printer Configuration Options - Paper orientation -
Landscape or portrait
Printer Configuration Options -Color printing -
Multiple colors is used
Older printers use parallel cables and ports
Newer printers typically use USB or FireWire cables and connectors.
Printer Configuration Options - Print layout -
Normal, banner, booklet, or poster
Printer Configuration Options -Black-and-white printing -
Only black ink is used
PDL
Page Description Language
Inkject Nozzles - Piezoelectric -
Piezoelectric crystals are located in the ink reservoir at the back of each nozzle. A charge is applied to the crystal, causing it to vibrate. This vibration of the crystal controls the flow of ink onto the paper.
TEST
Printer Functions
Printer process - 2. Charging -
The previous latent image on the drum is removed and the drum is conditioned for the new latent image.
Impact Printer - daisy wheel printer - uses a wheel that-contains letters
numbers, and special characters. The wheel rotates until the required character is in place, and then an electromechanical hammer pushes the character into the ink ribbon.
speed of a printer is measured in
pages per minute (ppm).
Printer - Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) uses
parallel communication technology to achieve high data-transfer rates.
The charged wire or grid is called the
primary corona.
After installing a printer
print a test page to verify that the printer is operating properly.
color printer - made by dots - dots produce the color range using
red, green, and blue (RGB) dots
Printer capabilities and speed are factors to consider when
selecting a printer
Most optimization is done through
software drivers and utilities.
IEEE 1284 is the
standard for parallel printer ports.
Impact printers have print heads that
strike an inked ribbon, causing characters to be imprinted on the paper.
The printer converts data from common languages
such as Adobe PostScript (PS) or HP Printer Command Language (PCL),to a bitmap image stored in the printer's memory.
With newer printers
the computer automatically installs the necessary drivers.
good preventive maintenance program extends
the life of the printer and keeps it performing well.
Impact printer - Dot Matrix printer - except that it has a print head containing pins that are surrounded by electromagnets instead of a wheel. When energized
the pins push forward onto the ink ribbon, creating a character on the paper.
In some cases
the printer driver needs to be,installed first before the printer is connected to the PC.
Printer process - 7. Cleaning - When an image has been deposited on the paper and the drum has separated from the paper
the remaining toner must be removed from the drum. A printer might have a blade that scrapes the excess toner.
Printer process - 5. Transferring - The toner attached to the latent image is transferred to the paper. A corona wire places a positive charge on the paper. Because the drum was charged negatively
the toner on the drum is attracted to the paper. The image is now on the paper and is held in place by the positive charge.
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) and Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP) are
two modes of operation within the IEEE 1284 standard that allow bidirectional communication.
Inkject Nozzles
two types,1-thermal, 2-piezoelectric
Page Description Language (PDL) is a
type of code that describes the appearance of a document in a language that a PRINTER can understand. The PDL for a page includes the text, graphics, and formatting information.
Some printers have low output and are adequate for home use
whereas other printers have high output and are designed for commercial use.
Never plug a printer into a UPS
why?,The power surge that occurs when the printer is turned on damages the UPS unit.
After you have set up the printer
you can share the device with other users on the network.
Printer - Serial data transfer is the
movement of single bits of information in a single cycle, can be used for dot matrix printers because the printers do not require high-speed data transfer
Inkject Nozzles - Thermal -
A pulse of electrical current is applied to heating chambers around the nozzles. The heat creates a bubble of steam in the chamber. The steam forces ink out through the nozzle and onto the paper.
Some printers use an
AC voltage on a wire that removes the charge from the drum surface and allows the excess toner to fall away from the drum. The excess toner is stored in a used toner container that is either emptied or discarded.
Printer - Ethernet -
Connecting a printer to the network requires cabling that is compatible with both the network and the network port installed in the printer, RJ45
CMYK is the acronym for a color system composed by four colors
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (represented by Key, as a base color).
Install a printer Driver - Step 1
Determine if a newer driver is available. Most manufacturers' websites have a link to a page that offers drivers and support. Make sure that the driver is compatible with the computer and operating system that you are updating.
Install a printer Driver - Step 2
Download the printer driver files to your computer.
Printer Configuration Options -Print quality -
Draft, normal, or photo
Some laser printers have built in
Graphical Device Interface (GDI) support,GDI is used by Windows applications to display printed images on a monitor so there is no need to convert the output to another format such as PostScript or PCL.
Most network printers use an
RJ-45 interface to connect to a network.
Printer - Scheduled servicing -
Servicing is based on expected usage. Usage information is in the documentation or on the manufacturer's website.
Printer Configuration Options - Paper size -
Standard paper sizes or envelopes and business cards
Printer Configuration Options -Paper type -
Standard, draft, gloss, or photo
To access Notepad in Windows 7
Start > All Programs > Accessories > Notepad
print a test page in Windows 7
Start > Devices and Printers to display the Devices and Printers control panel
Install a printer Drivers - Steps
Step 1. Determine if a newer driver is available., 2- Download the printer driver files to your computer., 3- Install the downloaded driver, 4- Test the new printer driver.
Install a printer Driver - Step 4
Test the new printer driver.
Printer process - 1 - Processing -
The data from the source must be converted into a printable form.
Printer - Mean time between failures (MTBF) -
The printer should work without failing for an average length of time. This information is in the documentation or on the manufacturer's website.
Printer process - 4. Developing -
The toner is applied to the latent image on the drum. The toner is a negatively charged combination of plastic and metal particles. A control blade holds the toner at a microscopic distance from the drum. The toner then moves from the control blade to the more positively charged latent image on the drum.
Printer process - 6. Fusing -
The toner is permanently fused to the paper. The printing paper is rolled between a heated roller and a pressure roller. As the paper moves through the rollers, the loose toner is melted and fused with the fibers in the paper. The paper is then moved to the output tray as a printed page.
Printer process -3. Exposing -
To write the image, the photosensitive drum is exposed with the laser beam,Every portion of the drum that is scanned with the light has the surface charge reduced to about -100 volts DC.
Printer Configuration Options - Duplex -
Two-sided printing
WYSIWYG
What You See Is What You Get
Printer - Parallel data transfer is faster than serial data transfer
moves multiple bits of information in a single cycle.
highest quality of print that is produced by the dot matrix printer is referred to as
near letter quality (NLQ).
Because color printers have three cartridges of ink
a colored image must go through multiple transfers to be complete.
global method refers to printer options that are set to
affect all documents
Printer All-In-device
all-in-one device, functions,1-Fax to another known working fax, 2-Create a copy of a document, 3-Scan a document.
printer driver is a software program that enables the computer and the printer to communicate with each other
also provides an interface for the user to configure printer options.
Laser printers with duplex assemblies can print on
both sides of a sheet of paper.
Printer - USB -
common interface for printers and other devices, device is automatically detected and starts the driver installation process.
printer must have a
compatible interface with the computer to print; connect to home computers using a parallel, USB, or wireless interface.
printers can be connected directly to
computers or shared across a network.
The roller is called a
conditioning roller.
quality of printing is measured in
dots per inch (dpi)
If the device drivers are not automatically installed by the computer
download them from the manufacturer's website or use the supplied CD.
Hewlett-Packard developed PCL for communication with
early inkjet printers, and now an industry standard for nearly all printer types.
arrangement is cost-efficient because
every user does not need to have a printer.
Dot matrix and daisy wheel are
examples of impact printers.
A wire
grid, or roller receives a charge of approximately,-600 volts DC uniformly across the surface of the drum.
Inkjet printers produce
high-quality prints,easy to use and somewhat less expensive when compared with laser printers.
laser printer is a
high-quality, fast printer that uses a laser beam to create an image, central part of the laser printer is its imaging drum.
printer- Firewire - (IEEE 1394)
high-speed communication bus that is platform independent. connects digital devices such as digital printers, scanners, digital cameras, and hard drives.
Inkjet printers use
ink cartridges that spray ink onto a page through tiny holes, The tiny holes are called nozzles and are located in the print head.
printers available today are usually either
laser printers using imaging drums or inkjet printers using electrostatic spray technology
This electrical charge has a
lower negative charge than the remainder of the drum. As the drum turns, an invisible latent image is created on the drum.
laser printer drum -
metal cylinder that is coated with a light-sensitive insulating material. When a beam of laser light strikes the drum, it becomes a conductor at the point where the light hits it.