IV Therapy

A client has requested to have patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after surgery? When is it appropriate for a client to receive PCA?

The client has the ability to self-administer.

The antidote for heparin is:

protamine sulfate.

A physician orders cefoxitin, 1 g in 100 ml of 5% dextrose in water, to be administered I.V. A nurse determines that the recommended infusion time is 15 to 30 minutes. The available infusion set has a calibration of 10 drops/ml. To infuse cefoxitin over 30 minutes, which drip rate should the nurse use?

33 drops/minute

A physician orders a soap suds enema, 500 ml. What does this amount equal in liters?

0.5 L

The physician prescribes furosemide, 2 mg/kg PO, as a one-time dose for an infant with fluid overload. The infant's documented weight is 14 lb (6.4 kg). The oral solution contains 10 mg/mL. How many milliliters of solution should the nurse administer? Round the answer to the nearest tenth of a millilter.

1.3

A physician orders an infusion of 2,400 ml of I.V. fluid over 24 hours, with half this amount to be infused over the first 10 hours. During the first 10 hours, a client should receive how many milliliters of I.V. fluid per hour?

120 mL/hr

A nurse is preparing to give an average-size 9-year-old child a preoperative I.M. injection. Which size needle should the nurse use?

22G, 1″

Following surgery, a client is receiving 1,000 mL normal saline (IV) with 40 mEq (40 mmol/L) KCl, which has been ordered to be infused at 125 mL/h. The client states, "My IV hurts." What should the nurse do first?

Assess the IV site for signs of phlebitis, extravasation, or IV-related infection.

A nurse gives a client 0.25 mg of digoxin instead of the prescribed dose of 0.125 mg. What should the nurse do next?

Assess the client and notify the client's physician.

A client is brought to the emergency department with abdominal trauma following an automobile accident. The vital signs are heart rate, 132 bpm; respirations, 28 breaths/min; blood pressure, 84/58 mm Hg; temperature, 97.0° F (36.1° C); oxygen saturation 89% on room air. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?

Administer 1 liter 0.9% saline IV.

When a central venous catheter dressing becomes moist or loose, what should a nurse do first?

Remove the dressing, clean the site, and apply a new dressing.

A physician orders an I.V. bolus injection of diltiazem hydrochloride for a client with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation. What should the nurse do before administering an I.V. bolus?

Gently aspirate the I.V. catheter to check for a blood return.

A child with type 1 diabetes develops diabetic ketoacidosis and receives a continuous insulin infusion. Which condition represents the greatest risk to this child?

Hypokalemia

Which type of solution, when administered I.V., would cause fluid to shift from body tissues to the bloodstream?

hypertonic

The nurse is caring for a client with an I.V. line. During care of the I.V. line, the nurse would be required to wear protective gloves in which situations? Select all that apply.

when inserting the I.V. When discontinuing the I.V. When changing the I.V. site

The health care provider has prescribed penicillin for a client admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. Prior to administering the first dose of penicillin, the nurse should ask the client:

"Have you had a previous allergy to penicillin?"

The physician orders 20 mEq of potassium chloride to be added to the IV solution of a client in diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse is aware that the reason for this is which of the following?

Replacement of electrolyte deficit

A client with early acute renal failure has anemia, tachycardia, hypotension, and shortness of breath. The health care provider (HCP) has prescribed 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs). What should the nurse determine prior to initiating the blood transfusion? Select all that apply.

There is an IV access with the appropriate tubing and normal saline as the priming solution. There is a signed informed consent for transfusion therapy. Blood typing and cross-matching are documented in the medical record. The vital signs have been taken and documented in accordance with facility policy and procedure. The client has an identification bracelet.

When teaching a client about propranolol hydrochloride, the nurse should base the information on the knowledge that propranolol:

blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and conduction.

Which is an expected outcome when a client is receiving an IV administration of furosemide?

increased urine output

A client rates the pain level of a migraine an 8 on a scale of 1-10. How would the nurse administer the medication to give the client the quickest relief?

intravenous (IV)

What should a nurse expect to find while assessing the vital signs of a client who has abruptly stopped taking beta-adrenergic blocker?

irregular pulse

A client returns to the room from the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a right hemicolectomy. The health care provider orders 1 L of dextrose 5% in half-normal saline solution to infuse at 125 ml/hour. The drop factor of the available intravenous tubing is 15 gtt/ml. What is the drip rate in drops per minute? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. (For example: 62)

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