Karch chapt. 54

A female client is prescribed a first-generation antihistamine for her allergies. The nurse would expect her to experience what adverse effect? Dry mouth Slurred speech Incontinence Diarrhea

Dry mouth

When describing the benefits of second-generation H1 receptor antagonists to those of first-generation H1 receptor antagonists, the nurse should cite what advantage? absence of adverse effects lower cost once-weekly dosing decreased sedation

decreased sedation

An adult client has reported experiencing a dry mouth and urinary retention after several nights of taking an over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aid. The nurse should suspect that this medication contains what antihistamine? promethazine loratadine olopatadine diphenhydramine

diphenhydramine

What is the chemical mediator released in immune and inflammatory response to allergic reactions? epinephrine histamine mast cells norepinephrine

histamine

To help liquefy cold-related secretions, the nurse should encourage the client to implement which measure? deep breathing and exercises reducing salt intake gargling with normal saline increasing fluid intake

increase fluid intake

Expectorants are indicated for patients who have a dry, nonproductive cough. True False

true

Mucolytics are often used for patients with cystic fibrosis, COPD, or tuberculosis. False True

true

A client asks the nurse how long to use oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray for nasal congestion. What is the nurse's best response? "Afrin can be used as long as nasal burning and stinging do not occur." "Use the medication until your symptoms are completely relieved." "Consult with your primary care provider." "Over-the-counter medications are safe for long-term use."

"Consult with your primary care provider."

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about expectorants. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which medication as an example? Guaifenesin Benzonatate Dextromethorphan Acetylcysteine

Guaifenesin

A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a nasal decongestant. Which of the following factors should the nurse assess before administering the drug? Auditory tests Motor coordination Blood pressure Vision

blood pressure

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local elementary school parent group about over-the-counter cold medications and their use in children. Which would be most appropriate to include? (Select all that apply.) Need to follow the directions for how often to give the drug Using adult formulation with smaller doses Importance of reading the label for ingredients and dosage Avoidance of use in children under age 2 Using household measuring devices for dosage measurements

Avoidance of use in children under age 2 Importance of reading the label for ingredients and dosage Need to follow the directions for how often to give the drug

The health care provider has ordered promethazine (Phenergan) for a client who is having a severe allergic reaction. The nurse is aware that this medication is also used to treat what condition? Nausea and vomiting Joint pain Hypotension Central nervous system depression

Nausea and vomiting

After teaching a group of parents about the use of over-the-counter cough and cold products with their children, which statement indicates the need for additional teaching? "We can use over-the-counter products for our 5-year-old but not for our 18-monthold." "We should use the cup that comes with the drug to measure it out." "We can use the adult brand, but we just have to decrease the amount." "We need to read the label carefully to see how often and how much to give."

"We can use the adult brand, but we just have to decrease the amount."

A client receives diphenhydramine orally. The nurse would expect this drug to begin acting within which time frame? 15 to 30 minutes 45 to 60 minutes 60 to 75 minutes 30 to 45 minutes

15 to 30 minutes

When describing the action of decongestants, a nurse integrates knowledge of this class of drugs, identifying which mechanism? Selectively binding to peripheral H1 receptors Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes Nonselectively binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors Anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory passages

Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes