KBAT - 13 - Urban Patterns

underclass

A group in society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a variety of social and economic characteristics.

edge city

A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area.

peripheral model

A model of North American urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road.

multiple nuclei model

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities.

sector model

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district (CBD).

redlining

A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries.

filtering (filter process)

A process of change in the use of a house, from single-family owner to abandonment.

gentrification

A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class owner-occupied area.

greenbelts

A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class owner-occupied area.

concentric zone model

A structural model of the American central city that has five concentric land-use rings arranged around a common center.

squatter settlement

An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures.

Latin American city model

Combines elements of Latin American Culture and globalization by combining radial sectors and concentric zones. Includes a thriving CBD with a commercial spine. The quality of houses decreases as one moves outward away from the CBD, and the areas of worse housing occurs in the Disamenity sectors.

sprawl

Development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area.

public housing project

Housing owned by the government; in the United States, it is rented to low-income residents, and the rents are set at 30 percent of the families' incomes.

MSA

In the United States, a central city of at least 50000 population, the country within which the city is located, and adjacent countries meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city.

galactic city

In the late 20th century urban geographers designed this model which represents a post industrial city.

CMSA

In the united states, two or more adjacent metropolitan statistical areas with overlapping commuting patterns

urban renewal

Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers.

density gradient

The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery.

CBD

The downtown heart of a central city, the marked by high land values, a concentration of business and commerce, and the clustering of the tallest buildings.

urban realms model

The spatial componenets of the modern metroplis, where each realm is a separate economic, social, and polititical entity that is linked together to form the larger metropolitian framework

entrepôt

a port, city, or other center to which goods are brought for import and export, and for collection and distribution.

megalopolis

a very large, heavily populated city or urban complex.

Conurbation

an extended urban area, typically consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs of one or more cities.

suburb

an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.

zoning

dividing an area into zones or sections reserved for different purposes such as residence and business and manufacturing etc

world city

dominant city in terms of its role in the global political economy. Not the world's biggest city in terms of population or industrial output, but rather centers of strategic control of the world economy

new urbanism

is an urban design movement which promotes environmentally friendly habits by creating walkable neighborhoods containing a wide range of housing and job types.

zone in transition

is the area between the factory zone and the working class zone in the Concentric zone model of urban structure devised by Ernest Burgess

scattered site

refers to a form of housing in which publicly funded, affordable, low-density units are scattered throughout diverse, middle-class neighborhoods.

annexation

the action of annexing something, especially territory.