KIN 224 ch 17 practice

Which hormones are collectively called the gonadotropins?

Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Which is not correct regarding the pancreas?

It does not begin to secrete its hormones until puberty.

Which region of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids?

Zona fasciculata

The term down-regulation refers to the process by which

a cell decreases the number of receptors it has for a hormone

Aldosterone release can be triggered by the presence of the blood-borne messenger angiotensin II or by low levels of sodium, and so its secretion regulation is said to be

both hormonal and humoral.

In response to excessive amounts of hormone, a target cell may reduce its number of receptors for that hormone. This is an example of

down regulation

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

false

Although hormones influence activity in the neural and reproductive systems, they do not influence the digestive system.

false

Like PTH, calcitonin increases blood calcium levels.

false

Like all other hormone transport proteins, albumin is highly specific in terms of which hormone it carries through the blood.

false

Pancreatic hormones are secreted directly into the pancreatic duct for rapid transport to the small intestine.

false

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary

Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood?

lipid-soublue hormone

Compared to young adults, the elderly usually have ______ levels of circulating growth hormone and _____ levels of circulating sex hormones.

lower, lower

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

mealtonin

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system has

more widespread and long-lasting effects.

When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ___________ signaling.

paracrine

In the signal transduction pathway that results in the formation of inositol triphosphate, the G protein directly activates

phospholipase C

Within the adenylate cyclase signal transduction pathways of target cells, cAMP activates

protein kinase

Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore

proteins