Kin101 Ch 1,2,3,4

Current state of Physical Activity

- 20% of adults meet Pa guidelines 80% do not - 27% of high schoolers meet PA guidelines - 73 % do not -children and youth are inactive, overweight, and unfit (increase risk for chronic disease development)

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans - Older Adults(65+)

- Adult guidelines PLUS -balance training

NHIS (National Health Interview Survey) Data: Meeting guidlines

- Disparities based on: * education * socioeconomic status *Race *ethnicity

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans - Adult with chronic conditions or disabilities

- If able, follow adult guidelines - if, do as much as possible -Consult healthcare provider

How do you increase Physical Activity?

- Make sure everyone has access - advocate for all types of human movement - Work with professionals in other related disciplines - Understand how to read and apply scientific Research - Influence clients, patients, players, employees, & students to be more physically active

Contemporary Physical Education, exercise science, and sport programs

- Schools - Home - Worksites - communities - recreation centers - commercial gyms - medical(cardiac rehab)

Fitness/Physical Activity movement

- people of all ages can benefit from Physical Activity -Moderate amount of Physical Activity on a regular basis can improve health -More Physical Activity = Better health * can be done through frequency, intensity & duration.

Wellness

- social -environmental -physical -emotional -spiritual -mental * Holistic Health - FOCUS OF HEALTH ON THE WHOLE PERSON

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans Pregnancy- postpartum

-150 min/week moderate -Vigorous activity--> if done before pregnancy -Consult healthcare provider

wellness movement

-1950s - emphasis on disease prevention - health promotion - Change in philosophy of health

Fitness/ Physical activity movement

-1970s -trend has become feature of society -Not wide spread

What sociodemographic influence access to Pa?

-Age - Gender - Location - Gender Identity - Income -Education - Sexual identity

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans - children (6-17)

-Age appropriate, enjoyable & varied exercises - 60 min moderate daily -Vigorous 3 days/week -muscle/bone strengthening 3 days/week

Purposes of Assessment

-Diagnosis -Placement -Monitoring of progress -Determination of achievement -Motivation -Program Improvement -Leadership effectiveness

Cost of Ill health

-Health consumption expenditures have increased since 1970 -Expected to grow faster than economy over the next decade

Branches of Philosophy

-Metaphysics - nature of reality, what is real, Relationship Between mind and body -Epistemology- nature of knowledge, structure, origin, limits - Logic- Examination of ideas, how they relate in a systematic way -Axiology- Nature of values, fair play/ justice issues - Ethics - Right v. Wrong -Aesthetics - Beauty & art

monitoring the nation's health

-Nation health & nutrition examination Survey(NHANES) * Tracks prevalence of overweight/obesity in youth adults -* Steady increase of overweight & obesity since 1985

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans - PRE-SCHOOL (3-5)

-Physical activity throughout the day -Activity play w/ variety of activity types

2018 Guidelines for physical Activity for Americans - Adults(18-65)

-Sit less, move more -150-300 min moderate daily -75-150 mins vigorous/week -muscle strengthening 2days/week

Immediate Impacts of PA

-Sleep - better Bp - Brain health - heart health - healthy weight - less anxiety - Balance/coordination

barriers to physical activity

-Sociodemographic- gender, race -program unavailability - Health disparities influences PA levels

chronic disease

-cardiovascular & cancer most common *Inactivity has similar risk to smoking--> inactivity more prevalent - accounts for 74% of deaths in the us -accounts for 75% of healthcare cost

Age Distribution

-change needs for services & programs

Changing Demographics

-people are living longer due to: * public health initiatives * advances in medical science * Improved standard of livings

Population- Older adults

1900 - 4% of Pop. 2010 - 13% of population 2030 - expected to be 20 % of Pop.

Population - Children/adolescents

2010 - 24% of Pop. 2020 - 24 % of Pop.

Population - non- Hispanic White

2010 - 72.4% of Pop. 2050 - expected to be 50% of Pop.

Population - Hispanic/ Latin origin

2010- 16% of Pop. 2050 - Expected to be 25 % of population

In the context of learning domains in physical education, exercise science, and sport, which of the learning domains is concerned with the promotion of a positive self-concept and the enhancement of feelings of self-worth and self-respect? A. Affective/social B. Physical fitness C. Cognitive D. Psychomotor

A. Affective/social

Which of the following are good ways to evaluate content you may find on a website or social media page? Select all that apply. A. Check the author's credentials to see if they are actually an expert in the area B. Look to see when the site was last updated C. Make sure the source of the data or content is stated D. The number of Instagram followers the person has

A. Check the author's credentials to see if they are actually an expert in the area B. Look to see when the site was last updated C. Make sure the source of the data or content is stated

Physical education, exercise science, and sport programs have expanded beyond school settings and can now be found in which additional settings? Select all that apply. A. Communities B. Medical settings C. Homes D. Workplaces E. Commercial locations

A. Communities B. Medical settings C. Homes D. Workplaces E. Commercial locations

All of the following factors influence physical activity levels EXCEPT A. Height B. Ethnicity C. Age D. Educational attainment E. Economic status

A. Height

Which of the following is considered a main purpose of assessment? Select all that apply. A. Placement in a program group B. Diagnosis C. Monitoring progress D. Determining achievement E. Evaluating program effectiveness

A. Placement in a program group B. Diagnosis C. Monitoring progress D. Determining achievement E. Evaluating program effectiveness

Which of the objectives of physical education, exercise science, and sport is fulfilled when a participant demonstrates the proper technique in shooting a free throw? A. Psychomotor development B. Affective development C. fitness development D. Cognitive development

A. Psychomotor development

approximately __% of adults and __% of high schoolers meet physical activity guidelines. A.50%; 80% B. 20%; 27% C. 80%; 27% D. 63%; 20%

B. 20%; 27%

Where in a research article can you find information about what was learned from the study? A. Steps B. Discussion C. Purpose D. Participants

B. Discussion

A publication reporting on how to apply a new physical education strategy is an example of ______, while a study reporting systematically-collected information to potentially answer a specific question is an example of ______. A. Quantitative research; qualitative research B. Practitioner-based research; scientific research C. Scientific research; practitioner-based research D. Practitioner-based research; qualitative research

B. Practitioner-based research; scientific research

Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Sport

Began in 1960's Expanded into exercise science & sport

Unlike quantitative research, qualitative research A. Is based on numbers, primarily the statistical analysis of the gathered numeric data B. Describes, correlates, predicts, or explains a hypothesis posed at the beginning of a study C. Answers questions through words, images, and sounds D. Is based exclusively on frequency counts

C. Answers questions through words, images, and sounds

In regards to the mind-body relationship, ___ is the belief that the mind and body are separate, independent entities while ___ is the belief that the mind and body are one fused, unified entity. A. Humanism; monism B. Monism; dualism C. Dualism; monism D. Realism; Humanism

C. Dualism; monism

_____ is the systematic and reflective study of the truth, meanings, and actions of sport. A. Sport sociology B. Modern philosophy C. Sport philosophy D. Realism of sport

C. Sport philosophy

Where in a research article can you find information about what sources of data were used in a study? A. Citation B. Conclusions C. Participants D. Data Collection

D. Data Collection

Which of the following is related to the scientific study of exercise and physical activity? A. Physical education B. Athletics C. Sport D. Exercise science

D. Exercise Science

___ are statements of purposes, intents, and aims that reflect desired accomplishments. A. Directives B. Objectives C. Mission statements D. Goals

D. Goals

_______ refers to well-established, officially governed competitive physical activities in which participants compete against themselves or opponents. A. Physical education B. Physical fitness C. Exercise D. Sport

D. Sport

Someone specializing in sport philosophy is most likely to be found in all of these careers EXCEPT A. Coach B. Professor C. Sports lawyer D. Sport facility manager

D. Sport facility manager

Humanism

Development of full potential, personal growth/development -each person is important in his or her own right - corporate fitness centers designed to meet the needs of individuals

Pragmatism

Experiences are basis of truth - Rec administrators offering variety of activaties for people to choose what is meaningful to them

motor deveopment

Factors that influence development of abilities, essential to movement

John Dewey viewed educational activities as contributing to the development of the mind but not the body. True or False

False

Physical education, exercise science, and sport are three separate fields are share no common goals or objectives. True or False

False

The content, subject matter, and methods of allied fields like health, recreation, and dance are exactly the same as those from physical education, exercise science, and sport. True or False

False

With the expansion of physical education, exercise, and sport opportunities for all ages, almost 100% of adults and children are meeting physical activity guidelines. True or False

False

Affective/Social

Feelings, promotion of values, fostering social skills, & emotional development -receiving/responding -valuing/characterizing by value -Organizing

Measurement

Gathering information & collecting data

Allied Fields of Physical Education

Health- Well being of an individual Recreation & leisure - self chosen activities of Physical Education Dance - Physical activity & preforming art

Why be physically active?

Healthier life, longer life span, quality of life

Epidemiologic shift

Infectious disease - chronic disease(modifiable risk factor)

motor learning

Integration of motor control processes through practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movements.

Progressive Education

John Dewey led movement that focused on personal growth, not mastery of body of knowledge and learning through experience.( pragmatism)

Naturalism

Laws governed by nature, individual level of growth/development -Natural world reality not mind or spirit - Physical Educators using development activates & individualized learning

Idealism

Mind is central to understanding values & ideas held high - Sports focusing on development of character/Sportsmanship - reality constructed in the mind

Goals/Objectives

Must be specific to each client & their circumstances/environment

profession

Occupation requiring specialized training in an intellectual field of study dedicated to the betterment of society

Academic Discipline

Organized body of knowledge theoretical & scholarly

Sports Medicine

Prevention and treatment of injuries sustained in athletic events

Purpose of Physical Education, Exercise science, & sport

Provide skill, Knowledge, & attitudes to participate in regular activity

Existentialism

Reality determined by experiences: freedom to make chooses - individual experiences creates reality - Sports psychologist encouraging athletes to reflect upon experiences

empirical research

Research based on the collection of data, and scientific evidence

Reading Research

Scientific - Systematic gathering of research Practioner - applying information Quantitative - based on numbers Qualitative - answer questions though words/images/sounds

Goals

Statement of purposes, intent, & aims that reflect desired accomplishment -Long term

Physical Education Pedology

Teach & learning Physical Activity in school & non school settings

Exercise Science

The scientific analysis of exercise or, more inclusively, physical activity. -How movements develop/change -How we learn motor skills - limits and capabilities of preformance

Assessment is the process of gathering information to learn what participants know and are able to do, in order to determine their progress toward the achievement of goals and objectives. True or False

True

Philosophy is a system of values by which one lives and works. True or False

True

Physical education, exercise science, and sport share a common focus - human movement, or more generally, physical activity. True or False

True

Physical Education

Typically in school - an educational process that uses physical activity as a means to help individuals acquire skills, fitness, knowledge, and attitudes that contribute to their optimal development and well being

Realism

Use of scientific method to arrive at the truth - Reality exists independent of the mind - Exercise physiologist using scientific data to understand relationship between Physical Activity & health

Health

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Sports Biomechanics

applies the methods of physics and mechanics to the study of human motion and the motion of sport objects

Exercise Physiology

changes in structure and function caused by exercise

Field

combination of well established discipline & one or more professions that deliver social service & focus on common goals

Adapted Physical Activity

concerned with the preparation of teachers and sport leaders to provide programs and services for individuals with disabilities

Sport History

critical examination of the past, with a focus on events, people, and trends that influenced the development and direction of the field

objective

derived from goals, but more specific -Short term

Psychomotor

development of motor skills/physical fitness - Imitation/manipulation -precision/articulation -naturalization

disciplinarian

engage in research & scholarship to advance knowledge base

Sports Philosophy

examines sport from many different perspectives, including the study of nature of reality, the structure of knowledge in sport, ethical and moral questions, and the aesthetics of movement

Assessment

gathering information to learn what participants know & are able to do

cognitive

having to do with an organism's thinking and understanding of knowledge - Remembering/understanding -applying/analyzing -Creating

Sport

highly organized, competitive physical activities governed by rules -Scholarly study- roles of sport in society, impact on culture, phycological & historical

Primary Goal

improve the well-being and quality of life of individuals who participate in our programs

Evaluation

interpreting information & data

philosophy

love of wisdom, perusing the truth through investigation of reality, knowledge, meaning and values -Systems of values by which one lives and works

Sports Management

managerial aspects of sport

Sport Sociology

study of the role of sport in society, its impact on participants in sport, and the relationship between sport and other societal institutions

Monism

the presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing

Dualism

the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact

Professional

use knowledge/skills to design & deliver programs

Sport and Physical Activity Psychology

uses principles and scientific methods from psychology to study human behavior in sport