Kinesiology chapter 2 homework questions

list the four properties of muscle tissue

irritability, contractibility, extensibility, elasticity

which of the following is not true of an eccentric muscle action

is it typically called a positive type of contraction

an ____ contraction occurs when tension is developed in the muscles but the length does not change

isometric

which of the following statements is true about an isometric muscle contraction

it is used to stabilize a body segment

which of the following is true of an eccentric muscle action

the force is developed by the muscle is less than that of the resistance

which of the following is a true statement about synergist muscles

they are also known as guiding muscles

which of the following is a true statement about stabilizer muscles

they are essential in establishing a relatively firm base for the more distal joints to work from when carrying out movements

which of the following statements is true of ruffini's corpuscles

they are located in deep layer of the skin and the joint capsule

innervation occurs in the segment of the nervous system responsible for providing a stimulus to muscle fibers within a specific muscle or portion of a muscle

true

muscle with fibers running obliquely on both sides from a central tendon are known as

bipennate

which of the following pairs of muscles produces the strongest contractions

bipennate and unipennate muscles

the portion of the central nervous system that integrates all central nervous system activity through excitation and inhibition of desired neuromuscular function is the

brain stem

Which of the following statements is true about an isometric muscle contraction a. is it a dynamic contraction b. it causes tension to develop outside the muscle c. it is used to stabilize a body segment d. it occurs when the muscle length changes but the muscle tension remains the same

c. it is used to stabilize a body segment

the two major divisions of the nervous system are the ___ nervous system and the ____ nervous system

central and peripheral

the portion of the central nervous system that is a major integrator of sensory impulses and providing feedback relative to the motion is the

cerebellum

the portion of the central nervous system that is at the level of control and provides for the creation of voluntary movement as aggregate muscle action, but not as specific muscle activity is the

cerebral cortex

which of the following is not true of concentric muscle contractions

concentric muscle contractions are commonly described as being negative type of contraction

which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle tissue that allowed for force production and movement about joints

constrictability

which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle tissue that allows for force production and movement about joints a. constricability b. elasticity c.extensibility d. irritability

constrictability

which of the following statements is true of concentric muscle contractions

contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance

a defined area of the skin supplied by the dorsal and sensory root fibers of a single spinal nerve is known as

dermatome

nerves that carry impulses to the outlying regions of the body from the cns are known as

efferent nerves

___ is the ability of muscle to be passively stretched beyond its normal resting length

extensibility

Antagonist muscles are known as prime or primary movers and are most involved in a joint action.

false

antagonist muscles are known as prime or primary movers are most involved in a joint action

false

central fleshy portion of a muscle is called the fascia

false

contractibility is the ability of muscle to contract an develop tension or internal force in the same direction as a resistive force when stimulated

false

eccentric muscle contractions are referred to as a muscle action instead of a contraction since the muscle is shortening as opposed to lengthening

false

eccentric muscle contractions are referred to as muscle actions instead of a contraction since the muscle is shortening as opposed to lengthening

false

fusiform muscle fiber arrangement results in a circular pattern

false

generally, parallel muscles will produce a lesser range of movement than similar-size muscles with a pennate arrangement

false

isokinetic muscle contractions involve a dynamic movement wherein the speed of movement is a variable

false

isokinetic muscle contractions involve a dynamic movement wherein the speed of movement is variable

false

it is not possible for a muscle to cause more than one action in an associated joint

false

synergist muscles are considered to be the primary movers during activities

false

the more sudden the activation of a myotonic reflex, the less significant the reflexive contraction

false

the sartorius is an example of a fusiform muscle

false

thin and broad muscles originating from broad, fibrous, sheet-like aponeuroses are known as

flat

spindle-shaped muscles with a central belly that tapers to tendons on each end are known as

fusiform

which of the following is a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue

golgi tendon organ

which of the following is a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue a. pacinian corpsucle b. golgi tendon organ c. meissners corpsucle d. ruffinis corpuscle

golgi tendon organ

which of the following is not a true statement of isokinetic exercise

muscular contraction occurs only through part of the movement

which of the following is not a true statement of isokinetic exercise a. the speed of velocity of movement is constant b. muscular contraction occurs only through part of the movement c. it is not another type of classification of muscle contraction d. it can only be performed on machines such as boded, cyber and lido

muscular contraction occurs only through part of the movement

which of the following is not a characteristic after which muscles are names a.nerve b.shape c.size d.locations

nerve

which of the following is the basic functional unit of the nervous system responsible for generating and transmitting nervous impulses

neuron

___ is a useful way to determine muscle action and is done through using the sense of touch to feel or examine a muscle as it contracts

palpation

the two major types of fiber arrangements that essentially all skeletal muscles may be grouped into are

parallel and pennate

___ occurs when an antagonist muscle becomes stretched to the point where it can no longer lengthen and allow movement

passive insufficiency

____ occurs when an antagonist muscle becomes stretched to the point where it can no longer lengthen and allow movement

passive insufficiency

which of the following is not a classification of the types of neurons

peripheral nuerons

the subconscious mechanism by which the body is able to regulate posture and movement is called

propioception

The subconscious mechanism by which the body is able to regulate posture and movement is _____.

proprioception

circular muscles which surround openings and function to close them upon contraction are known as

sphincter

which of the following does not result in the concentration of the muscle fibers in a particular motor unit a. maximal stimulus b. submaximal stimulus c. threshold stimulus d. sub threshold stimulus

sub threshold stimulus

which of the following does not result in the contraction of muscle fibers in a particular motor unit

sub threshold stimulus

which of the following is a true statement about synergist muscles a. they assist in the actions of antagonists b. they are always considered to be prime movers for muscular action c. they are also known as guiding muscles d. they assist in refined movement and cause undesired motions.

they are also known as guiding muscles

which of the following is a true statement about agonist muscles

they cause a joint motion through a specified plan of motion when contracting concentrically

which of the following is not a true statement about antagonist muscles

they work against agonist muscles by contracting and preventing movement

which of the following is not a term used to classify the pennate type of muscle fiber arrangment

tripennate

The term "isokinetics" describes a type of dynamic exercise that uses concentric and/or eccentric muscle contractions.

true

Two different muscles may contract simultaneously at a joint and cause a motion that neither would cause if contracting alone.

true

When antagonist muscles contract concentrically, they perform the joint motion opposite to that of the agonist muscle.

true

all muscle contractions are classified as either isometric or isotonic

true

each muscle of the human body may be innervated by a single nerve of multiple nerves

true

generally longer muscles can shorten through a greater range are more effective in moving joints through large ranges of motion

true

generally, longer muscles can shorten through a greater range and are more effective in moving joints through large range of motion

true

isotonic contractions are classified as concentric or eccentric on the basis of whether shortening or lengthening of the muscle occurs

true

isotonic contractions are classified as concentric or eccentric on the basis whether shortening or lengthening of the muscle occurs

true

joint movement may occur without any muscle contraction

true

the conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space called kinesthesis

true

the peripheral nervous system can be divided into sensory and motor divisions

true

the term action refers to a specific movement of a joint that occurs as a result of a concentric muscle contraction

true

the term intrinsic usually pertains to muscle within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act

true

the term isokinetics describes a type of dynamic exercise that uses concentric and or eccentric muscle contractions

true

the tern intrinsic usually pertains to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act

true

the two major types of fiber arrangements are parallel and pennate

true

two different muscles may contract simultaneously

true

muscles with fibers funning obliquely from a tendon one side side only are known as

unipennate

Which of the following statements is true of concentric muscle contractions? a. The force developed by the muscle is less than that of the resistance b. Contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance. c.The body part remains stable against gravity or external forces when concentric muscles contract. d. Contractions result in the joint angle changing in the opposite direction of the applied muscle force.

Contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance.

nerves that bring impulses from receptors in the skin, joints, muscles and other peripheral aspects of the body to the ins are known as

afferent nerves

muscles which cause or control joint motion through a specified plan of motion are known as ______ muscles

agonist

all of the following are provided by muscles except:

attachment points for other muscles