Kinesiology Exam 1

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Which of the following is not a true statement about antagonist muscles?

They work against agonist muscles by contracting and preventing movement.

Abduction takes place around the _____ axis.

anteroposterior

About 50 to 60 percent of the volume of cortical bone is porous.

false

Both sesamoid and accessory bones occur in same numbers in individuals.

false

Cancellous bone is stiffer and can withstand greater stress, but less strain, than cortical bone.

false

Eccentric muscle contractions are referred to as muscle actions instead of a contraction since the muscle is shortening as opposed to lengthening.

false

Epiphyseal plates generally close by age 14, but some may be present until age 18.

false

Flexion is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis.

false

Generally, parallel muscles will produce a lesser range of movement than similar-size muscles with a pennate arrangement.

false

The endosteum is located at the ends of long bones.

false

The more sudden the activation of a myotatic reflex, the less significant the reflexive contraction.

false

The sartorius is an example of a fusiform muscle.

false

There are approximately 552 muscles in the human body.

false

Typical bony features include tendons, epiphysis, and articular cartilage.

false

The frontal plane divides the body into _____.

front and back halves

Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except _____.

gomphosis

An instrument used to measure the change in joint angles is a(n) _____.

goniometer

Which of the following is not a function performed by the skeletal system?

production of heat

Forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane away from the spine is called _____.

protraction

The three specific types of accessory motions are _____.

roll, spin, and glide

If the _____ plane runs from anterior to posterior, then its axis must run from side to side.

sagittal

Which of the following is not a term used to classify the pennate type of muscle fiber arrangement?

tripennate

All muscle contractions are classified as either isometric or isotonic.

true

Bones continue to grow longitudinally as long as the epiphyseal plates are open.

true

Both the size and the shape of bones can limit or allow movements.

true

Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body.

true

Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints.

true

Generally, longer muscles can shorten through a greater range and are more effective in moving joints through large ranges of motion.

true

Most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath.

true

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) can be divided into sensory and motor divisions.

true

The term "action" refers to a specific movement of a joint that occurs as a result of a concentric muscle contraction.

true

The term "intrinsic" usually pertains to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act.

true

Two different muscles may contract simultaneously at a joint and cause a motion that neither would cause if contracting alone.

true

When antagonist muscles contract concentrically, they perform the joint motion opposite to that of the agonist muscle.

true

Adduction movement at the wrist in the frontal plane of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial forearm is called _____.

ulnar flexion

Which of the following pairs of muscles produces the strongest contractions?

Bipennate and unipennate muscles

Which of the following statements is true about circumduction?

Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

Which of the following is not true of concentric muscle contractions?

Concentric muscle contractions are commonly described as being a negative type of contraction.

Which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle tissue that allows for force production and movement about joints?

Constrictability

Which of the following is a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue?

Golgi tendon organ

Which of the following is an example of a transverse plane movement?

Internal rotation of the right shoulder

Which of the following statements is true about an isometric muscle contraction?

It is used to stabilize a body segment.

_____ occurs when an antagonistic muscle becomes stretched to the point where it can no longer lengthen and allow movement.

Passive insufficiency

Which of the following is not a classification of the types of neurons?

Peripheral neurons

Which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology?

The study of the principles of anatomy, physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement


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