Kingdoms of Africa: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
colonialism
An attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.
equator
An imaginary circle around the middle of the earth, halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole
What kind of religion did Mali practice?
Islam
What religion spread in Ghana?
Islam
What kind of rulers did Ghana have?
Strong rulers
Who ruled Mali?
Sundiata
Afrocentric
emphasizing or promoting emphasis on African culture and the contributions of Africans to the development of Western civilization
What resources did Mali have?
gold and salt
intermarriage
marriage between persons of different religions, races, castes, etc.
Eurocentrism
the dominance of European (especially English) cultural patterns
Bantu
the speakers of a related group of languages who, beginning about 2,000 years ago, migrated from West Africa into most of the southern half of Africa
Berbers
traders who carried the products across the desert
Why lead Ghana to a weakness
war
What does the word mansa mean?
"ruler"
What did Askia the great do to improve the Songhai Empire?
1. Created a professional army 2. Gave total control of trade routes to Songhai 3. Ruled for over 30 years
How did Mansa Musa change Mali?
1. He doubled the kingdom size 2. He made a strong gov't 3. He moved the center of Islam to Timbuktu.
What caused the Songhai empire to collapse in the 1600s?
1. Lacked modern weapons (Guns) 2. Overthrown finally by North African armies
What caused Ghana to collapse?
1. No political or cultural unity 2. Many different ethnic groups 3. Lost control on conquered territories
How did Sundiata change Mali?
1. give money and power to empire 2. re-organized government
Why did Mali come to an end?
1. poor leadership 2. no new king 3. noblemen took over
When did Mali become a kingdom?
12th century
When was the Kingdom of Ghana created?
500 A.D.
What year did the Ghana empire change?
800 A.D.
Who expanded Songhai in 1464?
Askia the Great
Swahili
Bantu language with Arabic loanwords spoken in coastal regions of East Africa.
What happened in the Kingdom of Mali in 1359?
Civil War
Where did Mail control?
Extended from Atlantic Coast to Timbuktu
What are the resources of Ghana?
Gold, silver, salt, and iron ore but also cloth and weapons
oral histories
Historical accounts passed from one generation to the next. Particularly important in societies where no written accounts survive.
Where is the Kingdom of Songhai?
It is near the Niger River Valley
Which country defeated Ghana?
Mali
Who was the second ruler of Mali?
Mansa Musa
What kind of government did Ghana have?
Monarchy
Who was the Golden Age ruler?
Muhammad Ture
Where is the Kingdom of Ghana located?
Senegal River