Knes 305 Final

process

"i will focus on a spot on the backboard as i throw the ball." this is an example of which type of goal?

chronological aging

# of years a person has been alive

all are correct

Abnormal gait can lead to cardiovascular and pulmonary problems due to inactivity caused by pain. Abnormal gait often leads to psychological problems. An altered gait due to pain, injury, paralysis or tissue damage can lead to further musculoskeletal problems. Loss of the ability to walk puts elderly people at risk for falls, which often set a chain of events in motion that can lead to death .

autonomous stage

During which of Fitts and Posner's learning stages is attention reallocated to strategic decision making?

motor learning

Researchers in which of the following fields examine the processes involved in the acquisition of motor skill?

a person can have underlying abilities necessary for a motor skill, but not possess the motor skill.

True

invariant features

a sequence of actions, relative timing, and relative force?

relatedness, autonomy, competence

according to self-determination theory, humans have basic need to feel

age grading

decreasing physical activity levels based on age are referred to as?

true

directing attention to external factors is superior to directing it to internal factors. TRUE OR FALSE

cognitive stage

during which of Fitts and Posner's learning stages is it most appropriate to use demonstrations, modeling, and verbal instructions?

positive transfer

facilitates performance on new task

nonregulatory conditions

factors unrelated to the movement task that can distract learners from important relevant cues, which prevents skillful performance are termed as?

semantic memory

general knowledge from life experiences and learning

35 to 40 years

maximal strength plateaus until what age?

zero transfer

no effect on performance

problem solving and discovery learning

nonlinear pedagogy is associated with which of the following?

amotivation

not motivated to participate as there is no relationship between actions and outcome

true

on average, females have lower heart volume therefore female heart rates are on average greater than males. TRUE OR FALSE

outcome

overall results

"gold standards" for learning and dynamic systems thinking. (a &b)

problem solving,discovery learning, and self-regulation are consistent with?

process

quality of movement

are also referred to as rhythmical stereotypies

spontaneous movements

invasion games

sports such as basketball, lacross, soccer, and american football are categorized as?

motor development

study of products and underlying process of motor behavior changes across the life span.

intrinsic motivation

teachers who successfully satisfy the conditions autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the learning environment are likely to have students who experience?

9-17 months

the age range for walking alone (unassisted)

self-efficacy

the belief in one's abilities to produce actions to achieve a specific task is called?

movement speed

time from initiation of movement to the end

can be observed directly

which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of motor learning?

lack of social support

which of the following is NOT one of the most commonly reported barriers to exercise for adults?

they have increased capacity to pay attention

which of the following is NOT true with regard to selective attention in older adults?

they would be more likely to adhere to an exercise program

which of the following is true for older adults with internal locus of control?

promoting competition

which of the following must be used carefully as a means to increase intrinsic motivation?

golf

which of the following sports involves the use of more open skills?

reaction time

which of these provides an indication of the speed at which one makes a decision?

True

working memory is the structure that transfers information to long-term memory. TRUE OR FALSE

negative transfer

a decrease in batting performance when an athlete switches from baseball to slow pitch softball is an example of what?

learned helplessness

a person who believes there is no relationship between their own effort and the outcomes of events they participate in has developed

racquetball and tennis

according to the identical elements theory, which two motor skills would have the greatest amount of transfer?

motor learning

acquisition of motor skills and the factors that enhance or inhibit an individual's capability to perform a motor skill. CANT BE OBSERVED DIRECTLY

on average, women grow for two fewer years than men, and the peak height velocity of women is less of that then men . A&B

after growth has ceased, why is the height of women less that the height of men?

non-self- determined extrinsic motivation

an individual who exercises for a short time to lose weight for a class reunion and then quits following the event would be considered to have what type of motivation?

false

hands-off practitioners use traditional drills to perfect a gold- standard for all students. TRUE OR FALSE

compensation period

if an individual has incurred an injury or must make some adaptation due to declined results because of aging, he or she has entered which stage in the mountain of motor development?

task goals are clear and simple

implicit learning may occur when?

performance

improvement of movement

emphasis is on personal improvement

promoting a mastery climate means?

autonomy

providing choice in physical activity programming promotes

intrinsic motivation

pure pleasure and satisfaction [do because you want too]

response time

reaction time + movement time

may serve as practice for later motor milestone

reflexes

episodic memory

remembering personal events is called?

motor control

researchers in which of the following fields examine the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of human movement?

confidence

self- efficacy is often measured by asking individuals about their level of _______ in completing particular tasks

confidence

self-efficacy is often measured by asking individuals about their level of ________ in completing particular tasks.

parameters

the elements of the generalized motor program that enable a quaterback to pass the football to different positions on the field is called (short pass or long pass)

true

the flanker task and stroop color task are examples of choice reaction time test. TRUE OR FALSE

biological aging

the physiological adaptations that occur within the body due to the passage of time are termed

self-determined extrinsic motivation

valued by the person [wants to graduate college and do well]

true

verbal cues should be 1-3 words in length. TRUE OR FALSE

when it conveys the goal or idea (or both) of the task

verbal instruction is effective when?

specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time-bond

what does the acronym S.M.A.R.T. refer to as it pertains to goal-setting?

contributions outside the gym

what is the highest level of Hellison's social responsibility model?

episodic memory

what type of memory is least affected by age- related decline?

as the number of stimulus response options increases, reaction time increases at a constant rate

which if true about Hick's Law?

associative stage

which of fitts and posner's learning stages does design practice, facilitates error detection and correction occur?

swimming

which of the following activities is least effective in developing stronger and thicker bones?

decreased stride frequency

which of the following is NOT a factor that causes a decrease in gait speed in older adults?

winning

which of the following is NOT a reason why youth choose to participate in sports?

increase ageism behaviors of those surrounding older adults

which of the following is NOT a way to improve physical activity levels for older adults?

overall duration

which of the following is NOT an invariant feature?