Lab 9 - Axial Skeleton

inferior articular facet

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Articulates with the superior articular facet of the vertebrae below. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

xiphoid process

Lower, narrow portion of the sternum.

hyoid bone

Name the bone. This bone is suspended from the styloid processes, supports the tongue and muscles for swallowing.

atlas (C1)

Name the bone. This supports the head.

atlas (C2)

Name the bone. This supports the head.

body of sternum

Name this specific part of the sternum.

sternum

Name this bone. Composed of three bones (manubrium, body, and xiphoid process)

body

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

lamina

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

cervical vertebrae

(C1-C7) the vertebrae of the neck region, immediately below the skull. Spinous process is forked on C2-C6

lumbar vertebrae

(L1-L5) lower back of vertebral column; vertebra have broad and heavy bodies (make sense, they receive more pressure).

sacrum

(S1-S5) fused part of the vertebrae.

thoracic vertebrae

(T1-T12) the second set of 12 vertebrae; forms the outward curve of the spine.

ribs

12 pairs. The bones in the chest that protect the heart and lungs.

vertebral column

5 types of these bones comprising the spine.

sternal end of rib

Articulates with sternum via costal cartilage. This is the "other" end of the rib.

head (of ribs)

Articulates with the superior and inferior costal facets on thoracic vertebrae bodies. In layman's terms, this part "sticks" to the spine.

superior and inferior costal facets

Found on thoracic vertebra. Facet (attachment point) for rib on the thoracic vertebra body.

transverse costal facet

Found on thoracic vertebra. Facet (attachment point) for rib on the thoracic vertebra transverse process.

true ribs

Ribs 1-7, costal cartilage attaches directly to sternum.

floating ribs

Ribs 11-12, anterior end does not attach to sternum.

false ribs

Ribs 8-12, costal cartilages attaches to each other and then to that of the 7th rib.

rib tubercle

Small rounded process of rib; articulates with the transverse costal facets of thoracic vertebrae.

transverse foramen

Unique to cervical vertebrae; allows passage of artery and vein to reach the brain.

manubrium

Upper portion of the sternum.

sacral promontory

Where the first sacral vertebrae bulges into pelvic cavity; the inwardly projecting anterior part of the body of the first sacral vertebra.

cervical vertebra

Which section of the vertebral column is this bone found?

lumbar vertebra

Which section of the vertebral column is this bone found?

thoracic vertebra

Which section of the vertebral column is this bone found?

pedicle

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

spinous process

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

transverse process

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

vertebral foramen

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

superior articular facet

Name this feature that is found on ALL vertebrae. Articulates with the inferior articular facet of the vertebrae above. Note: The type of vertebrae pictured is representative; not exclusive to that type.

coccyx

Name this specific bone. 3-5 bones often fused.

dens

Name this specific part of C2. Provides pivot for atlas.

anterior arch

Name this specific part of the atlas (C1). Replaces body and pedicle found on other vertebrae.

posterior arch

Name this specific part of the atlas (C1). Replaces lamina and spinous process found on other vertebrae.

intervertebral foramen

The opening between pedicles of adjacent vertebrae for spinal nerves leaving spinal cord.

intervertebral disc

The pad of fibrocartilage between bodies of adjacent vertebrae.

costal cartilage

hyaline cartilage found on the sternal extremity of all ribs.