labor econ final 2

empirical research suggests that the union wage advantage in the public sector compared to the private sector is approximately

10 percentage points lower

hirsch and macpherson estimate the overall union wage advantage to be approximately

15%

if union workers in a given occupation are paid 20$ per hour while nonunion workers are paid 16$ an hour the measured union wage advantage is

25%

which one of the following required unions to hold regularly scheduled elections of union officers

Landrum-Griffin Act

which of the following statements is supported by empirical evidence

Lower productivity growth for unionized firms is primarily due to these firms being in industries with slow productivity growth

of the following laws, which one contributed most to union membership

Norris-LaGuardia Act

which of the following established unfair labor practices by unions

Taft-Hartley Act

which one of the following gave states the option to pass so-called "right to work" laws?

Taft-Hartley Act

pure union wage is

Wage union- Wage nonunion over wage nonunion times 100

the twin rights of labor (self-organization and collective bargaining) were guaranteed by the

Wagner Act

public sector growth was most encouraged by

a series of executive orders and state laws

in industry A all displaced workers remain in the union sector waiting to be recalled. In industry B, all displaced workers seek work in the nonunion sector. All else constant

allocative efficiency loss is greater in industry A

the union wage advantage tends to

be larger among craft unions

union workers receive more compensation than otherwise similar nonunion workers this fact

could be explained by the fact that women workers are a larger proportion of weakly unionized industries

evidence indicates that union wage policies tend to

decrease the wage gap between unskilled and skilled workers by seeking equal absolute wage increases for all workers rather than equal relative wage increases

according to the wagner act which of the following is not an unfair labor practice by employers

failing to reach a collective bargaining agreement after bargaining in good faith

suppose the union wage rate rises. The "spillover effect" suggests that the nonunion wage rate should ________ and the "threat effect" says that the nonunion wage rate should __________

fall rise

empirical estimates generally show that unions reduce

firm profitability but there is no consensus regarding their effects on economic efficiency

the adverse effects of a strike on other associated industries and consumers are likely to be

greater when it involves products rather than services

overall unions have generally

had negligible effect on labor's share

unions may reduce economic efficiency by

imposing restrictive work rules

the prohibition of secondary boycotts

increased managements bargaining power by increasing the unions cost of disagreeing

by reducing labor turnover unions may increase productivity because a lower turnover rate

increases incentive for firms to provide specific training to their workers

a court order to prevent actions such as picketing, striking, and boycotting is called an

injunction

in their study of bridgestone/firestone tire recalls Krueger and Mas find that

labor strife at the Illinois plant resulted in lower product quality

as a percentage of total work-time the average amount of work time lost because of strikes annually is typically

less than 1%

which one of the following increased managements bargaining power

limiting the use of "hot-cargo" clauses

work time lost as a result of a strike

may understate the cost of a strike if the work stoppage disrupts production in associated industries

if nonunion workers in a given occupation are paid 16$ per hour and union workers are paid 20$ and hour the pure union wage advantage is

more information is needed

a union wage advantage is less likely to occur where

only a few firms within a competitive industry are unionized

the union wage advantage

peaked in the mid-1970s

the measured union wage advantage will understate the pure advantage because of the

product market effect

the union wage advantage is understated because nonunion wages rise as consumer demand shifts away from relatively higher priced union produced goods. This describes the

product market effect

unions may increase productivity by

providing a voice mechanism

unions may increase economic efficiency by

reducing worker turnover

the landrum-griffin act

required regularly scheduled elections of union officers

compared to other industrial countries such as canada france and italy and the united kingdom the incidence of strikes in the us is

significantly lower

prior to the 1930s union membership growth was relatively

slow, due to the use of blacklisting, injunctions, and yellow dog contracts.

the nonunion wage rate may fall as the result of a union wage increase because of the

spillover effect

according to the taft hartley act which of the following is not an unfair labor practice by unions

striking a company as a means of trying to obtain a collective bargaining agreement with that firm

evidence suggests that unions reduce firm profitability and discourage investment so that

the dynamic efficiency loss from unionization is greater than the static efficiency loss

regarding unions and productivity empirical results show that

the impact of unionization on productivity is not clear cut

which one of the following is a true statement (education)

the union wage advantage is bigger for workers with less education than for workers with more education

which of the following is a true statement (fringe)

the union wage advantage is greater if fringe benefits are included

the allocative efficiency loss associated with unions arises because

the value of lost output in the union sector is greater than the value of any additional output in the nonunion sector

the nonunion wage rate may rise as a result of a union wage increase because of the

threat effect

which one of the following observations supports the argument that unions increase productivity

turnover in union firms is lower than in nonunion firms

Fallick and Hasset suggest that the tendency of union firms to merge with union firms can be explained by the finding that

union certification elections reduce firms rates of investment in physical capital

there is a general consensus among economists that

union wage determination is not a serious cause of inflation in the US

All of the following suggest that unions may improve productivity and efficiency except:

unionization increases turnover rates bringing in new workers with fresh ideas

it is difficult to measure the pure union wage advantage because

unionized industries tend to have larger plants that may require greater worker supervision, thus promoting union employers to seek out superior workers

which one of the following does not help to explain why union workers receive more fringe benefits than nonunion workers?

unions are primarily composed of younger workers who have more to gain from long-term compensation such as kind provided by union pension plans

which of the following best describes the events following the deregulation of the trucking and airline industries by 1980

wages in both industries fell although the decline was much more rapid in the trucking industry

which of the following established unfair labor practices by employers

wagner Act

which one of the following laws most dramatically increased union bargaining power

wagner act

which one of the following outlawed company unions

wagner act

yellow dog contracts were used

were used by employers to restrict union membership

a single union firm in a competitive industry otherwise compromised of nonunion firms

will make economic losses if it pays a wage above the competitive

the measured union wage advantage may overstate the pure union wage advantage because

workers who lose their jobs in the union sector may seek and obtain jobs in the nonunion sector reducing the wage rates in the nonunion sector