Large Animal Clinical Practice Final 4/8/2019
T/F: A life threatening side effect of guttural ouch infections can be the growth of plaque over the internal carotid artery.
True
T/F: Teats are washed in iodine to help prevent bacteria from entering the teat
True
All of the following statements are true except
Tuberculosis testing involves an ID injection into the lateral cervical or flank area.
Commercial feeders are classified as having more than _________ cattle
1,000
Which of the following statements about castration in the horse is true?
Evisceration of the intestines can occur up to 6 days postoperatively.
In horses, ___________ never should be given by intravenous injection.
Procaine penicillin G
The majority of mohair in the United States is produced in which of the following states?
Texas
T/F: Horses have no economical importance
False
T/F: Llamas are typically sheared biannually
False
T/F: On most dairies the offspring are allowed to nurse the mother for an average of one month prior to being weaned.
False
T/F: U.S. utility is a grade of meat that is used for pork chops
False
Catheterization of the urinary bladder
May cause increased frequency of urination for 1 to 2 days
Which of the following statements is not true?
"Spider lamb syndrome" is contracted by consumption of infective oocytes in cat feces.
If a standing surgery is performed on an elective vs. emergency basis, withhold grain for _______ and water for _________.
12 hours, 0 hours
What is the average gestation period for cattle?
283 days
The normal temperature range in cattle is
100° F to 102.5° F
When performing a nerve block, a local anesthetic is used. The toxic dose of local anesthetics in horses is
13mg/kg
What size intravenous catheter is used for administration of large volumes of maintenance fluids?
14-ga
The maximum volume of medication that should be injected intramuscularly at any one site in an average-sized horse is
15 mL
Unless refrigerated, venous blood samples should be run within __________ of drawing the blood.
4 to 6 hours
Goats milk for how many days after kidding?
300
The normal packed cell volume in a horse ranges from
31% to 52%
When using nasogastric intubation for medication delivery, remember that the stomach capacity of an average 1000-lb horse is ___________, so the maximum amount of fluid given at one dosing should be ________.
4 to 5 gallons, 1 gallon
The normal pulse rate in cattle is
40 to 80 bpm
Which of the following statements regarding the euthanasia of cattle is not true?
A euthanized animal can be sent for rendering without concern over chemical residues.
All of the following statements about chlamydophilosis are true except
Abortion occurs in the first 2 to 3 weeks of gestation.
To minimize the chances of accidentally entering the carotid artery when giving an intravenous injection into the jugular vein
Access the vein in the cranial half of the jugular groove
When placing an intravenous catheter
Adding them to feed can be a highly unreliable method of delivery
A cattle chute that features the ability to open an entire side is advantageous when
An animal collapses
Among beef cattle breeds, purebred ___________ cattle are black and polled.
Angus
When preparing the patient for general anesthesia
Anticholinergics are not routinely used
Other than blood, normal body fluids obtained from closed body cavities
Are free of bacteria
When performing abdominocentesis
As little as one drop of fluid is required when collecting samples into a serum tube.
All of the following statements about intramuscular injections in cattle are true except
Because of the costs associated with injection site lesions, the trend is to avoid IM injections into the hind legs.
Which of the following statements about brucellosis in sheep is not true?
Black Disease
Which of the following diseases is reportable and zoonotic?
Brucellosis
What do you call the storage place for milk before it is loaded onto the truck
Bulk Tank
Stunning:
Causes the animal to lose consciousness.
Today pigs are commonly housed in what type of facility?
Climate-controlled buildings
Which of the following local anesthetic procedures would not be used for a standing flank laparotomy in cattle?
Cornual nerve block
When performing venipuncture on the jugular vein in cattle
Direct the needle either cranially or caudally
Which of the following statements about ruminants under general anesthesia is not true?
Distention of the rumen is preventable.
Which of the following statements about oral medication administration is not true?
During medication administration, the head should be tilted slightly upward to facilitate swallowing.
Which of the following types of castration is bloodless and involves crushing the spermatic cord through the skin without making an incision?
Emasculatome
Which of the following diseases usually is seen in feedlot lambs consuming high-concentrate diets?
Enterotoxemia
T/F: Farrowing is the act of growing hogs until they are ready for slaughter.
False- Act of giving birth
T/F: When stunning an animal in preparation for slaughter, the heart is stopped.
False- Just renders the animal unconscious
T/F: Mohair is produced from sheep.
False-Goats
T/F: Dairy animals reach peak milk production in phase 3
False-Phase 2
T/F: On most cow/calf operations all bull calves are retained in the herd as replacement bulls.
False.
For which of the following viral diseases is a vaccine not available?
Foot and mouth disease
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Have the potential to be nephrotoxic
All of the following statements are true except
Hooves on cattle stop growing after 2 to 3 years, depending on breed.
Which of the following statements about general anesthesia is true?
Hyperthermia is rare.
With regard to blood pressure during general anesthesia
IV fluids are given at 10 mL/kg/hr for the first hour, then reduced to 5 mL/kg/hr.
If a radiograph is too light
Increase either the kVp or mAs
The following statements about xylazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Increases GI motility
Orchidectomy in the horse
Is done to curb objectionable stallion-like behavior
Induction with injectable drugs followed by maintenance with injectable drugs
Is used for surgical procedures <1 hour
Which of the following statements about caseous lymphadenitis is true?
It causes abscesses.
With regard to Caslick surgery
It is the most common reproductive surgery performed on female horses.
Regarding caudal epidural anesthesia for standing surgery
It never is performed cranial to the first intercoccygeal space.
Regarding compartment syndrome while the horse is under general anesthesia
Its risk can be minimized by keeping the MAP above 70 mm Hg.
The following statements about butorphanol, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Its use with sedative-hypnotics or tranquilizers is optional
Because it is less expensive and least toxic, which of the following local anesthetics is used most commonly in farm animals?
Lidocaine
Which of the following local anesthetics has a toxic dose of 13 mg/kg body weight in cattle?
Lidocaine
Regarding the Bier block
Lidocaine without epinephrine (2%) is injected intravenously. Answers: a
Stripping of the teats is a good way to test for :
Mastitis
Which of the following is a true statement?
Microbial samples recovered by endoscopic transtracheal aspiration may not accurately reflect the suspected respiratory
Regarding the use of arthrocentesis to obtain synovial fluid samples
Most horses do not require local anesthesia when it is performed on the lower leg.
The "triangle" of the lateral cervical area is bordered dorsally by the
Nuchal Ligament
The most common method of tracheal intubation in a horse is by
Orotracheal intubation
Which of the following statements is true?
Sheep and goats rarely give birth to freemartins.
The following statements about acepromazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Provides good analgesia
The single greatest risk from administering general anesthesia to a horse is
Recovery
Which of the following statements regarding cryptorchidism is true?
Retained testicles do not produce sperm, but do produce testosterone.
Once a cattle's body is secured and the head catch deployed, further restraint of the head can be applied most safely using
Rope Halters
Which of the following statements about rumen fluid collection is true?
Rumenocentesis is performed caudal to the xiphoid process and left of ventral midline.
Regarding fecal collection in a horse
Sample sizes are similar to those collected in small animals.
When performing a thoracocentesis
Signs of iatrogenic pneumothorax include elevated respiratory rate, dyspnea, and cyanosis
Two or three squirts of milk are removed from each quarter before milking to?
Stimulate milk letdown and evaluate the quality of the milk.
Which of the following statements about recovery from general anesthesia is true?
Supplemental oxygen is delivered at a rate of 15 L/min.
Which of the following statements about treating urolithiasis is not true?
Surgical procedures are designed to prevent urolithiasis.
Which of the following statements about mastitis testing is true?
The California mastitis test is used on individuals to identify which quarters or halves of the udder are infected.
Which of the following statements about cerebrospinal fluid collection is true?
The atlantooccipital space is located on the dorsal midline, at the level of the wings of the atlas.
All of the following statements about anesthetic maintenance and recovery are true except
The endotracheal tube is removed after the cuff has been deflated.
Which of the following statements about venipuncture in cattle is true?
The large milk veins are inappropriate for venipuncture.
Withdrawal time is:
The time it takes for a drug to be removed from the animal's system
Which of the following statements about contagious ecthyma is not true?
The vaccine consists of a modified live virus.
The most common use of endoscopy in equines is
To examine the upper respiratory tract
Which of the following is not a reason to dehorn cattle?
To treat parasitic invasions of the frontal sinus
Most standing surgeries in the horse are performed for
Treatment and repair of traumatic injuries
The intramuscular injection site used the least often in the horse is the
Triceps Muscle
Which of the following mastitis tests is performed by the plant receiving the milk shipped from the farm?
Wisconsin mastitis test
T/F: An order buyer is a person who travels to auctions in an effort to find calves that meet the requirements of the feedlot owner.
True
T/F: Bastards strangles is characterized by a development of an abscess in an abnormal location in the equine patient.
True
T/F: Grade "A" milk is used for drinking milk.
True
T/F: Maintaining the appropriate temperature within swine facilities is important for health and production
True
T/F: Predators are the biggest challenge in raising sheep
True
T/F: Rambouillet sheep breed out of season
True