Leadership Chapter 1 - Characteristics of a Profession

Nursing has it's origins with 1. Florence Nightingale 2. The Knights of Columbus 3. Religous orders 4. Wars and battles

Answer: 3 Rationales: 1. Florence Nightingale formalized nursing practice 2. The Knights of Columbus was an organization but not a religious order 3. Religious orders such as the Sisters of Mercy assumed the role of "nursing" the sick and infirm 4. Wars and battles required nurses

Professional accountability serves the following purpose: Select all that apply. 1. To provide a basis for ethical decision making 2. To respect the decision of the client 3. To maintain standards of health 4. To evaluate new professional practices and reassess existing ones 5. To belong to a professional organization

Answer: 1, 2, 3, 4 Rationales: 1. To provide a basis for ethical decison making is a characteristic of professional accountability 2. To respect the decision of the client is a characteristic of professional accountability 3. To maintain standards of health is a characteristic of professional accountability 4. To evaluate new professional practices and reassess existing ones in a characteristic of professional accountability 5. Belonging to a professional organization demonstrates commitment to the profession, not necessarily accountability

The NCLEX for nurses is exactly the same in every state in the United States. The examination: 1. Gaurantees safe nursing care for all patients 2. Ensures standard nursing care for all patines 3. Ensures that honest and ethical care is provided 4. Provides a minimal standard or knowledge for a registered nurse in practice

Answer: 4 Rationales: 1. The exam ensures minimally safe practice 2. Standards of care are designated by evidence-based practice 3. Honest and ethical care is expected and guided by the Code of Ethics 4. The NCLEX exam ensures that the registered nurse has achieved the minimum knowledge and skills necessary to enter practice

You are participating in a clinical care coordination conference for a patient with terminal cancer. You talk with your colleagues about using the nursing code of ethics for professional registered nurses to guide care decisions. A non-nursing colleague asks about this code. Which of the following statements best describes this code? 1. Improves communication between the nurse and the patient 2. Protects the patient's right of autonomy 3. ensures identical care to all patients 4. Acts as a guide for professional behaviours in giving patient care

Answer: 4 Rationales: 1. Although good communication is expected, it is not considered an "ethical code." 2. Protecting autonomy is part of the ethical code. 3. All individuals are entitled to equitable care; however, nursing care is patient-centered, so care, although equitable, may not be identical 4. Codes of ethics provide guidelines for appropriate professional behaviours and guide practice

Who stated that the "function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death)"? 1. Henderson 2. Rogers 3. Robb 4. Nightingale

Answer: 4 Rationales: 1. Henderson built on Nightingale's theory 2. Rogers developed a theory of nursing known as the Science of Unitary Human Beings 3. Robb was the first superintendent of nurses at Johns Hopkins School of Nursing 4. Florence Nightingale defined nursing function in both the sick and the well state.

Nursing practice in the 21st century is an art and science that focuses on 1. The client 2. The nursing process 3. Cultural diversity 4. The health-care facility

Answer: 1 Rationales: 1. Health-care reform and nursing practice focus on client- or patient-centered care. 2. The nursing process is a scientific method used by nurses to ensure the quality of patient care 3. Cultural diversity is the existence and understanding that various cultures exist within populations 4. The health-care facility is the physical place where care occurs

Which of the following represent the knowledge and skills expected of the professional nurse? Select all that apply. 1. Accountability 2. Advocacy 3. Autonomy 4. Social netowrking 5. Participation in nursing blogs

Answer: 1, 2, 3 Rationales: Professional behaviours include: 1. Accountability for one's work and responsibilities 2. Advocating for patients and families 3. Autonomy in making decisions within the scope of practice 4. Social networking is not considered a knowledge or skill unique to professional nursing 5. Participation in nursing blogs is not considered a knowledge or skill unique to professional nursing

APRNs generally: Select all that apply. 1. Function independently 2. Function as unit directors 3. Work in acute care settings 4. Work in the university setting 5. Hold advanced degrees

Answer: 1, 5 Rationales: Although advanced practice nurses (APNs) work in a variety of settings, they all: 1. Function independently as guided by the nurse practice acts of the individual states 2. Are educated to provide higher level patient care 3. May work in acute care settings 4. May work in university settings 5. Are educated at the master's level or higher

Which of the following is unique to a professional standard of decision making? Select all that apply. 1. Weighs benefits and risks when making a decision 2. Analyze and examines choices more independently 3. Concentrate thinking 4. Anticipate when to make choices without others' assistance

Answer: 1,2 Rationales: Professional behaviours include accountability and sound decision-making abilities 1. Professionals look at risks and benefits before making a deccision 2. They analyze choices in order to make sound decisions 3. Concrete thinking is literal and focuses on the physical world. 4. Professional decision making occurs independently

Nurses at a community hospital are in an education program to learn how to use a new pressure-relieving device for patients at risk for pressure ulcers. This is which type of education? 1. Continuing education 2. Graduate education 3. In-service education 4. Professional registered nurse education

Answer: 3 Rationales: 1. Continuing education furthers knowledge and skillins within the professional domain 2. Graduate education leads to a higher level degree such as a master's or doctorate 3. In-service education takes place within an institution or agency. It is usually directed at teaching nurses who work in the institution about a new policy, standard, or type of equipment 4. Professional registered nurse education is the basic nursing education to sit for licensure