LEADERSHIP EAQ's
Which strategy of the nurse leader regarding the quality improvement (QI) process requires revising? A The focus is on correcting errors. B The task includes staff development. C The leader involves the interprofessional team. D Outcomes are set with input from clients and staff
A The QI process focuses mainly on preventing errors rather than correcting them. The task of the QI process includes staff development. The team of the QI process involves the interprofessional team and the outcomes are set with the input of clients and the staff.
The registered nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about leadership principles. Which statement made by a nursing student indicates the need for further teaching? A "A leader has a formal position." B "A leader intervenes with courage." C "A leader organizes a group of colleagues." D "A leader is a specific management position after promotion."
A A leader does not necessarily have a formal position to indicate that she or he is a leader; rather, leadership refers to performance. Leaders are those medical professionals who can intervene with courage when needed. Leaders are also able to organize a group of colleagues to solve an organizational problem. A nursing medical professional becomes a leader after promotion.
Which is the role of the nurse executive as a leader? A Orientation B Empowerment C Employee selection D Financial accountability
B The role of the nurse executive as the leader is to empower followers or to share the authority with the followers by asking them to actively participate in the given task. Orientation of the employee, employee selection, and financial accountability indicate the roles of the nurse manager as leader.
The nurse leader is a member of the human resource committee. Which role task would this support? A The nurse is engaging in malpractice. B The nurse is pursuing higher education. C The nurse is staying clear on group outcomes. D The nurse is thinking only about personal needs.
C
The nurse manager promotes a staff nurse to assistant manager of the medical unit, because the nurse had expressed an interest in taking on more responsibilities. Which type of ethical principle is exhibited by the nurse manager by this activity? A Fidelity B Autonomy C Paternalism D Beneficence
D
The nurse leader changes the work schedule after a team member asks for more flexibility in the schedule. Which theory outlines this nurse leader's approach? A Maslow's theory B Herzberg's theory C Great Man theory D McGregor's Theory X
B Herzberg's theory (also known as the two-factor theory) states that hygienic factors, such as working conditions, motivate an employee by meeting that employee's safety and security needs and help avoid job dissatisfaction. Changing the working schedule of the nurse executive as per her or his convenience may help create job satisfaction. Maslow's theory states that employees are motivated by the hierarchy of human needs. The Great Man theory (also known as the trait theory) states that leaders have certain physical and emotional characteristics that help in motivating workers to achieve the common goal. McGregor's Theory X states that employees are inherently lazy and unhappy with their jobs and must be coerced to perform.Test-Taking Tip: Recall the theories of leadership and analyze the scenario in the question by comparing it with each theory.
Which factor would the nurse leader consider when selecting a functional care delivery model for the unit? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A Clients receive consistent care from one nurse. B No client care nursing tasks are delegated to others. C Responsibility for achieving client outcomes belongs to the nurse manager. D Cost can be high because of the need to employ only registered nurses to provide care. E The nurse manager must determine which nurses are competent to be charge nurses
C In a functional model of nursing care delivery, the nurse manager is responsible for achieving client outcomes. In a Case model of nursing care delivery, clients receive consistent care from one nurse, and client care tasks are not delegated. In both the Case and Primary Care nursing models, cost can be high as a result of primarily using only registered nurses to provide care. Charge nurses are used in a Team approach to nursing care delivery.
Which model of nursing is focused on the task-oriented approach to client care? A Team model B Primary model C Functional model D Case management model
C The functional model of nursing is a method of providing client care by which each licensed and unlicensed staff member performs specific tasks for a large group of clients. Team nursing is a small group of licensed and unlicensed personnel, with a team leader, responsible for providing client care to a group of clients. Primary nursing is a model of client care delivery whereby one registered nurse (RN) functions autonomously as the client's main nurse throughout the entire hospital stay. Case management is a model of delivering client care based on client outcomes and cost containment.
The nurse who lacks confidence in her performance in a new position is worried about an upcoming review with the nursing director. Which type of power would the nursing director hold in this scenario? A Expert power B Position power C Coercive power D Referent power
C The nursing director holds coercive power. Coercive power arises from someone's real or perceived fear of another person and may be caused by a lack of confidence in performance in a new position or about an upcoming review with the nursing director. Expert power is based on one's reputation for expertise and one's credibility. Position power is achieved by virtue of one's position within an organization or status within a group. Referent power is granted by association with a powerful person.
Which action by the nurse leader is indicative of transactional leadership? A Accounting for the needs and abilities of individual employees B Encouraging the novel and innovative thinking of the employees C Motivating the employees by articulation of an inspirational vision D Inspiring the self-interest of the employees by offering external rewards
D Transactional leadership relies on the power of organizational position and formal authority to reward or punish performance. Offering external rewards to motivate the self-interest of employees is a type of transactional leadership. The transformational leader can motivate employees by accounting for their needs and abilities individually. Encouraging the novel and innovative thinking of employees is a characteristic of transformational leadership. The transformational leader helps motivate employees by articulation of an inspirational vision.
Which action would the nurse leader take to promote a health care climate where curiosity, reflection, and change are embraced? A Serving as a coach or a guide B Maintaining a good relationship with the team C Working to solve process problems with the team D Empowering staff to be lifelong learners and risk takers
D The nurse leader who empowers staff to be lifelong learners and risk takers is promoting a health care environment where questioning the status quo, reflecting on processes, and advocating for change when appropriate are welcome and encouraged. The nurse leader would serve as coach, maintain a good relationship with the team, and collaborate with the team to problem-solve, but these actions are not specific to creating a culture of curiosity, reflection, and change.
As a part of informed consent, a surgeon explains to the client scheduled for surgery the details of the surgery and the related care. The nurse leader witnesses the complete procedure. Which information would the nurse leader ensure was provided to the client? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A Surgical procedure B Name of the surgeon C Explanation of the possible risks D Anesthetic medication used during preoperation E Name of the staff members who will be in the surgery
A, B, C Informed consent must be done according to legal guidelines. It is an authorization by the client to perform a surgery or procedure on them. The detail about the procedure of the surgery must be provided. It also informs the client about the name of the person who is performing the procedure. A description of the possible risks of the procedure is conveyed through informed consent. The name and type of anesthetic medication to be used may not be included in the informed consent. The name of the staff members involved in the surgery may not be a part of the informed consent.
The nurse leader is calculating the productive hours of the staff nurse for that year. The nurse took a vacation for 19 days. Assuming an 8-hour workday, what are the productive hours of the staff nurse?_____ hours NOTE: *Total number of working hours per year - Nonproductive hours*
1928 hours The formula for calculating the productive hours is (Total number of working hours per year - Nonproductive hours). The nonproductive hours are (Total leave x Full-time equivalent per day = Nonproductive hours) 19 x 8 = 152. Therefore, 2080 - 152 = 1928 productive hours.
The registered nurse, as a transformational leader, is assigning a task to another nurse. Which effects would the nurse expect from transformational leadership? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A Increasing self-worth B Fulfilling the contract C Coaching and mentoring D Doing the work and getting paid E Performing challenging and meaningful work
A, C, E Transformational leadership involves inspiring a vision that will change the framework of the organization. Increasing self-worth, coaching and mentoring, and performing challenging and meaningful work are the effects on the follower of transformational leadership. Fulfilling the contract and doing the work and getting paid are the effects on the follower of transactional leadership.Test-Taking Tip: Be alert for details about what you are being asked to do. In this question type, you are asked to select all options that apply to a given situation or client. All options likely relate to the situation, but only some of the options may relate directly to the situation.
The nurse leader has developed an objective for strategic planning. Which point indicates that the nurse possesses the ability to write clear and concise objectives? A Inclusion of the timeline and deadline B Leaving expectations open to interpretation C Starting with an article followed by a noun D Specifying multiple dates for the attainment of a goal
A For objectives to be clear and concise, they should have a time frame within which the activity or improvement must be achieved. The timeline and deadlines should be included in the written objective. A clear and concise objective should leave no question about the expectations; it should not be open to interpretation. An objective should always start with "to" followed by an action verb. A single date for attaining the goal is the indication of a clear and concise objective.
Which action on the part of the nurse constitutes transactional leadership? A Rewarding the licensed practical nurse for high performance B Encouraging innovative thinking by the licensed practical nurse C Encouraging the licensed practical nurse to transcend self-interest D Motivating the licensed practical nurse by articulating an inspirational vision
A Transactional leadership depends on the power of organizational position and formal authority to reward and punish performance. Rewarding the licensed practical nurse for high performance indicates transactional leadership. Encouraging innovative thinking in the licensed practical nurse is transformational leadership. Encouraging the licensed practical nurse to transcend self-interest is also transformational leadership. Motivating the licensed practical nurse by articulating an inspirational vision is transformational leadership as well.
The nursing leader stated, "The reimbursed cost is less than the full charge for a service in the hospital." Which type of health reimbursement is the nurse leader describing? A Contractual allowance B Value-based purchasing C Cost-based reimbursement D Prospective payment system
A When the reimbursed cost is less than the full charge for a service in the health organization, a contractual allowance or discount exists. Offering rewards and incentives to high-performing organizations is value-based purchasing. In cost-based reimbursement, all allowable costs are calculated and used as the basis for payment. In a prospective payment system, the third-party payer decides in advance what will be paid for a service or episode of care.
A team member has asked the nurse leader about changes in the work schedule. Which action would be taken by the nurse leader in this situation? A Informing the team member that it is not related to her or him B Clearly explaining the reason for the change to the team member C Instructing another team member to explain the reason to her or him D Reporting about the behavior of the team member to higher authorities
B The nurse as a leader would clearly explain the reason for any change within the team. Each and every team member is equally important and should know the reasons for any change. The nurse as a leader would explain about the change to all team members but should not assign it to another team member to explain. There is no need to report anything to higher authorities, because the team member did not violate any rules or regulations of the organization.Test-Taking Tip: Make certain that the answer you select is reasonable and obtainable under ordinary circumstances and that the action can be carried out in the given situation.
The nurse leader provides feedback to a recently recruited student nurse after checking performance reports that show a disregard for the organizational behavior modification (OB Mod) theory. Which activity of a student nurse would the nurse leader have mentioned during the feedback session? A Neglecting the needs of a client B Disregarding hygiene factors at the workplace C Discussing the past mistakes of a subordinate D Ignoring the submission of a feedback form about a leader's productivity
C OB Mod theory uses positive reinforcement to promote constructive behavior in the workplace. It involves motivating the staff by avoiding certain situations that cause discomfort. Discussing the past mistake of a subordinate only creates a negative environment in the workplace. Hygiene factors should not be disregarded according to two-factor theory. Neglecting the client's needs is unprofessional and goes against Maslow's theory. If the submission of the feedback form about the leader is ignored, it disregards style theory.Test-Taking Tip: You have at least a 25% chance of selecting the correct response in multiple-choice items. If you are uncertain about a question, eliminate the choices that you believe are wrong and then call on your knowledge, skills, and abilities to choose from the remaining responses.
Four nurse leaders are performing different tasks. Which nurse leader's action indicates the role of the community nurse leader? A Scheduling the client for surgery B Assisting the client in positioning him or her on bed C Teaching the student nurse to administer an IM medication D Vaccinating children in a school
D The nurse as a community leader has the unique opportunity to work with schools, city or county governments, and other community entities. The nurse as a community leader formulates a vision for improving the health of the community through disease prevention and health promotion. Administering vaccines by nurse leader D to the children in school to prevent disease indicates that the nurse is performing the role of the community nurse leader. Scheduling the client for a surgery may not be done in a community; therefore, this action of nurse leader A does not indicate the role of the community nurse leader. Assisting the client in positioning her or him on a bed can be done wherever possible, such as in the client's home or a health care facility. This action by nurse leader B does not indicate the role of the community nurse leader. Teaching the student nurse to administer an intramuscular medication can be done in a health care facility also; this action by nurse leader C does not indicate the role of the community nurse leader.Test-Taking Tip: Chart/exhibit items present a situation and ask a question. A variety of objective and subjective information is presented about the client in formats such as the medical record (e.g., laboratory test results, results of diagnostic procedures, progress notes, health care provider orders, medication administration record, health history), physical assessment data, and assistant/client interactions. After analyzing the information presented, the test taker answers the question. These questions usually reflect the analyzing level of cognitive thinking.
