Leadership test 1

How is Jesus an example of both humble and servant leadership?

He was motivated by love for his people. Is the son of God, but never asserted that power over people--humble Was about saving the people, not himself--servant Crucifixion--servant leadership

What is power? How is it related to leadership?

"The ability to influence other" Leadership is impossible without power, but power doesn't make you a leader. You need to have power if you are trying to lead people. You are not a leader just because you have power. Having power over people, can aid you in your goal to lead them.

What are engaged followers? According to this model, what is a good follower?

(55) Engaged followers: how willing followers are to engage with their leaders and fellow followers Good follower= engaged with their leaders and motivated by public interest not self interest isolated, bystanders, participants, activists, die hards

What are exemplary followers? According to this model, what are best, worst, and typical followers like?

-They rate highly as both critical thinkers and active participants The best followers are the ones that think for themselves. The worst at the ones that have to be told what to do. From this model, what are typical followers like? -ouTypical followers take direction and complete jobs on their own, after being told what is expected of them. (alienated, conformists, pragmatics, exemplary, passive followers)

Know your top five strengths from the VIA and be familiar with what they mean.

1. Kindness 2. Fairness 3. Humility 4. Teamwork 5. Leadership

What is humility? What are the three dimensions of humility?

A personal orientation founded on willingness to see the self accurately and a propensity to put oneself into perspective Thinking of others before yourself Lies between arrogance and lowliness Self awareness- important to authenticity, being realistic Openness- open to new ways of doing things Transcendence- sees themselves as a part of something bigger

What is transformational leadership? How is it different from transactional leadership?

A style of leadership where a leader works with subordinates to identify needed change, creating a vision to guide the change through inspiration, and executing the change in tandem with committed members of a group. A transactional leader a more traditional style of leadership. It is just satisfying the basic needs of the followers (how? What is the transaction?), where a transformational leader is satisfying the followers high-level needs. Transactional leaders make sure organizations are being maintained, transformational leaders want to continue to inspire and build up the organization and the followers. Transformational: Can convert followers to leaders, and leaders to moral agents. Transactional: Leaders promote compliance by followers through both rewards and punishments.

What is servant leadership?

Approaching leadership with the goal of fulfilling the interests of the organization and its members rather than maximizing personal ambition. I "serve" not "I lead" Develop followers as future leaders Stay in background to give credit to followers

Understand and be able to give an example of authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire leaders. (41)

Authoritarian: make all the major decisions, and demand compliance from the group members Democratic: encourage group discussion, and believe in decision-making through consensus. Ex: U.S. Presidents Laissez-Faire: let the group make their own decisions. Might present them with the task, but not direction

What is the difference between empathy and sympathy

Empathy is taking the time to understand how someone is feeling, instead of sympathy, where you just tell someone you are sorry for them. Empathy is just taking it further, and trying to relate to the person. Empathy: putting yourself in the shoes of the person hurting Sympathy: feeling compassion, sorrow, or pity for the hardships of another person. C.P. Ellis- he was empathetic

What are specific steps that leaders can take to empower followers?

Encouraging involvement and participation Allow others to make decisions Knowing when to give power away to make others feel powerful It is usually the transformational leaders that empower their followers.

What does research about the VIA say about knowing and using your character strengths?

Increases happiness @ home and work Improve relationships Balanced health Increases performance @ home and work Achieve goals If you are self aware about your strengths, you can use them for good. They can be your weapon in leadership.You can use them to gain a following, to get people to listen to you, and to guide your followers. They said that character education is just as important as school education.

What is charismatic leadership?

It is the process of encouraging certain behaviors in others via force of personality, persuasion and eloquent communication. They inspire their followers to do things or to do things better; this is done by conjuring up enthusiasm in others for a stated vision or goal. Charisma = gift, not everyone has it, comes naturally Leaders who attract devoted followers through extraordinary powers Often emerge from crisis Most demonstrate charisma over time

How do Hackman and Johnson define leadership?

Leadership is a human (symbolic) communication that modifies the attitudes and behaviors of others to accomplish group goals and needs

Know the seven types of power. Which of these were used in the egg drop activity and how?

Legitimate: people placed you there Referent: interpersonal likeness Ecological: control over physical environment Informational: access to data Expert: influence based on information/expertise Reward: You gave rewards to get position Coercive: people are forced by threat of punishment Legitimate was used to assign someone the position of being the leader

Know your tendency from the four tendencies and understand what it means and its implications for leadership.

Obliger-How we are able to make habits and motivate ourselves to do things

What are things that active listeners do? (this can be things we talked about in class, from the reading, or the TED Talk)

Pay attention, show that you're listening, Provide feedback, defer judgment, respond appropriately

What are schemas and how do they matter for communication and leadership?

Schemas: are interconnected networks of symbols. Symbols: stored in long term memory, allow for conceptual thinking. Activation: schemas must be activated to influence perception, attitudes, and behavior. Leaders with a broader variety of schemata are better able to adjust their behavior to the situation. Leaders use schemata to respond to the situation and choose the appropriate style of communication

What are traits of bad leaders? (You don't need to know the whole list, but be familiar with them).

Selfishness, cognitive errors, environmental factors, incompetent, rigid, intemperate, callous, corrupt, insular- means focusing on own concerns, evil. Bad leaders can still provide good leadership and accomplish an outcome, even if it might not be morally right Success as a leader vs bad outcomes

Characteristics of an authentic leader?

The quality of genuine or of undisputed origin, know, accept, and remain true to one's self Lead by values, open, truthful, self-reflection Act from core convictions rather than a desire to self-promote Lead from their strengths, goals Self aware Are passionate

Understand the leadership grid and the five types of leadership on it and the difference between task and interpersonal communication. Grid page 54

Task oriented: production oriented, concern for production Interpersonal: employee oriented, consideration, concern for people (54) (X,Y) Country club management: high concern for people, low for product(1,9), team management (9,9), high concern for people and product middle of the road management (5,5), middle of both, doing just enough impoverished management (1,1), low concern for people and product authority compliance (9/1). Low concern for people, high concern for product Concern for production vs people Leaders lean towards one, but often have a back up

What is empathy?

The ability to understand and share the feelings of another. (experience)

In class, we watched this video. Why does it illustrate leadership? What about leadership communication?

The dancer was able to gather a following, whether he meant to or not. His ability to have confidence and do whatever he wanted to do helped people gravitate towards him. He communicated a welcoming environment that anyone could be a part of. Going against the grain It can even illustrate how communication is not a thing, it is a process. People joining in on the dancing was a process. It influenced a group of people to start dancing. Leadership can be unintentional

Why is leadership development important?

The more you know about yourself, and how you lead best, will make you a more effective leader. If you are continuing to make yourself better, you followers will get better. How we learn cannot be separated from who we are. Being true to who you are=better leader -It expands one's ability to be an effective leader. -It helps make a person a more effective in formal and informal leadership roles.

What does this video illustrate about passion, vice, and virtue? (video about the kings speech)

There are a lot of conflicting passions (this is key) in this clip. The king is scared, feeling betrayed, and angry, but still has this overwhelming sense of loyalty and responsibility to his country, He thought he could trust this man, but he feels like he was betrayed. There is also the virtue of respect. The speech coach has to find the middle between being too professional with the king, and too comfortable.

Be able to assess Buzz's virtue, vice, and leadership from an Aristotelian perspective in this video.

There was definitely a mix of fear and confidence in this video. Buzz knew he had to be confident and sure of himself, so that his followers would feel the same way. You have to decide if Buzz's actions were rash and too fearless, or was he just being courageous enough. The virtue is courage, so the vices would be being a coward, or being rash. I believe from this certain circumstance, and the knowledge he had, he was being courageous.

Understand each of the following approaches and the differences between them:

Traits approach: Depending on your physical or psychological features, it determines your leadership potential. Not contextual. It is what you're born with (this is usually the view, but some people taking this approach would say traits can be learned, but whether or not you are a leader is still evaluated based on traits). Your goal has to be relevant to your traits for this to be true. Contemporary research: cognitive abilities, personality, motivation, social intelligence, and problem solving skills. Situational approach (also be broadly familiar with the main concepts of and differences between Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Approach, Path-Goal Theory, and Fiedler's Contingency Model) The situational approach argues that the traits, skills, and behaviors necessary for effective leadership vary from situation to situation. A leader's effectiveness depends on his personality, the behavior of followers, the nature of the task, and many other contextual factors. (p. 84) Hersey and Blanchards Situational Approach: (ability/competence and willingness/commitment)<--this is important to know (ability and willingness) adjust your leadership based on their levels of those. Path-Goal: Give them the path to their goal. Lay out the steps for them ? Fiedler's Contingency Model: Our ratings of others with whom we do not like, provide us with valuable information about our leadership behavior. Functional approach The functional approach looks at the way leaders behave. The underlying assumption of the functional approach is that leaders perform certain functions that allow a group or organization to operate effectively. An individual is a leader if he performs these functions. -Task related roles, group building maintenance roles, individual roles. The functional approach can be a little confusing, but as written above, it is focused on leaders' actual behaviors. If you know that, you should understand this approach! Relational approach The relational approach focuses on the links or relationships between leaders and followers. Effective leaders try to establish high-quality relationships with as many followers as possible.

Define virtue, vice, and passion according to Aristotle including how virtue is a mean.

Virtue- a state of character concerned with choice. Having the disposition to behave in the right manner. And it's defined by being in the middle of excess and deficiency Vice- this is the two extremes characteristics, on either side of the virtue in the middle. Passions- appetite, Feelings that are accompanied by pleasure or pain. Faculties- The capability of feeling these emotions. (what you feel in a virtue) Virtue is a mean because it is the middle of the extremes of characteristics, between the two vices of the specific virtue.

What is already-always listening? How does it affect listening?

We listen to people through filters. It is a favorable or unfavorable judgement, evaluation, or opinion you have about whatever you are hearing, or who you are hearing from. What we hear is constrained and shaped by what we already know.

How does leadership development happen?

You can take some type of characteristics test, like the VIA, and determine what your strengths are. Then, to develop yourself as a leader, you can work on those strengths and weaknesses. You can also be more aware of when your weaknesses could be problematic. Read about it, and be active in becoming a better leader. -Go to formal training programs -Establish developmental relationships.

According to Aristotle, how does one gain and develop virtues?

You gain virtues through what you experience and do habitually. If you habitually do the virtuous thing, it becomes second nature, and you are a virtuous person with stable character. You become what you do, virtuous or not. You have to self reflect after you act, and see what you are feeling, and then you will know if personally, you are being virtuous. Moral and intellectual

How is communication important to leadership?

Your willingness to communicate will define the environment that you are working in. If your followers don't think you are approachable or willing to interact with them, they won't trust you. Communicating through story telling is also important to leadership, because it gives your followers a narrative to understand. Whether that is a narrative about who you are as a person, or what the company is all about. Having effective emotional communication competencies is important to leadership, because your followers need to see you as a human. It cannot be serious business all the time. You have to be able to analyze, and read the emotions of the people in your organization so you can relate to them and keep emotions in balance. Leadership is a communication based activity. Leaders spend much time shaping messages that they then have to present to their followers. The more leadership responsibility one has, the more they need to communicate. It isn't just what you're saying, it is how you say it.

What is authentic leadership? Be able to identify an authentic leader (real or fictional) and give examples of how that leader has three of the characteristics of an authentic leader.

is an approach to leadership that emphasizes building the leader's legitimacy through honest relationships with followers which value their input and are built on an ethical foundation. Generally, authentic leaders are positive people with truthful self-concepts who promote openness.