LearningCurve for Chapter 10
In addition to the growth of coastal cities, where did boomtowns emerge in the early to mid-nineteenth century?
Along inland waterways
How did craft work change over the course of the nineteenth century?
Fewer skilled craftsmen were required to complete the work.
Why did local authorities arrest Joseph Smith in the city of Nauvoo, Illinois, in the mid-1830s?
He claimed to have received revelations that sanctioned polygamy.
Why was Henry David Thoreau imprisoned for a night in 1846?
He had refused to pay taxes in protest against slavery and the Mexican-American War.
Writing in the 1830s, transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson believed that the hope of moral perfection could be achieved in which place?
In nature
Which of the following best describes the cult of domesticity that emerged in the new American middle class from the 1820s on?
It restricted women to the home and to social and charitable responsibilities.
What did the artists of the Hudson River School have in common with the writer Ralph Waldo Emerson?
Both emphasized the power of nature in their work
How did the Lowell textile factory owners worsen working conditions of their female employees in the 1830s?
By speeding up the machines
Why did cities replace voluntary night watchmen with police forces before the Civil War?
Crime was on the rise, and the fear of crime grew even faster.
Why did urban violence in the United States increase in the 1840s?
Economic competition for scarce resources increased urban violence.
What distinguished the textile factories of Lowell, Massachusetts, founded by the Boston Associates in the 1820s?
Every step of their production was mechanized.
The first state to prohibit the sale of all alcoholic beverages in 1851 was
Maine
What effect did the development of new technology in the 1830s and 1840s have on factory workers?
New technology displaced workers in some industries but created new industries and new jobs for others.
Which state had the most antislavery groups in 1836?
Ohio
According to Emily Kempshall, what factor is responsible for poverty in Rochester in the 1830s?
Poor people's refusal to work
What drove immigration to the United States from Germany and Scandinavia in the 1840s and 1850s?
Repressive landlords
Why did news travel more quickly in the United States in the 1840s?
Telegraph lines allowed for far quicker information transfers.
Why did the residents of Rochester feel increasingly concerned about their town in the late 1820s?
The boomtown growth raised fears about the rising tide of sin.
Which of the following is true about the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in the 1830s and 1840s?
The church was guided by The Book of Mormon as well as the Bible.
What made women's organizing efforts in factories at least temporarily impossible in the 1830s?
The panic of 1837
How did housework change for American middle-class women after the 1820s?
Their work became less visible.
How did Christian abolitionists respond to the reluctance of larger denominations to denounce human bondage in the 1830s?
They broke with their denominations and formed antislavery union churches.
What did Irish immigrants and free black workers have in common in nineteenth-century cities?
They competed for jobs at the bottom of the economic ladder.
Why did New England farm girls of the early nineteenth century consider work in factory towns like Lowell an adventure?
They could acquire a wider view of the world.
How did more affluent residents of American urban centers distance themselves from the poor crowds of inner cities after the 1830s?
They moved away from city centers.
What distinguished products—like shoes—made in factories after the 1820s from those made in the old craft tradition?
They were cheaper.
Why were skilled workers offended by the factory work organization of the 1830s?
They were treated as dependents rather than independent craftsmen.
Why did farm families in early-nineteenth-century New England send their daughters to work in textile factories?
To earn cash for the growing market economy
How did work at the Lowell mills change over the course of the nineteenth century?
Wages fell and hours lengthened.
Why was Ohio home to so many antislavery groups in the 1830s?
Western states such as Ohio were home to intense debate over the future of slavery.
How did the growing cohort of salaried clerks and managers of the 1820s and after hope to achieve upward mobility?
With hard work
The efforts of moral reformers against prostitution in the 1840s included
petitions for harsh punishments of men.
