Lesson 5 Quiz

The term crime can be defined as: a. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions. b. A harmful action directed at the authorities. c. A sequence of events leading to incarnation. d. An unintended consequence of necessary action.

a. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? a. Differential association theory b. Strain theory c. Labeling theory d. Opaque theory

a. Differential association theory

________ dubbed wealthy executives, politicians, celebrities and military leaders as the power elite who hold the power and resources in society. a. Mills b. Marx c. Durkheim d. Weber

a. Mills

Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was: a. Necessary; it challenged people's views. b. Dangerous; it encouraged disruptive behavior. c. Insignificant; deviance within society is largely ignored. d. Instrumental; it encouraged the population to rebel.

a. Necessary; it challenged people's views.

Which minor theory proposes that an individual's access to socially acceptable goals determines if they conform or deviate? a. strain theory b. labeling theory c. control theory d. differential association

a. strain theory

The term deviance can be defined as: a. The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring. b. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. c. Social reward for the violation of norms. d. The regulation and enforcement of norms.

b. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? a. Mario being sent to jail after robbing a CVS. b. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine. c. Eleanor being given a "Teacher of the Year" award for her work as a high school English teacher. d. Meredith receiving compliments on her hair after visiting the salon.

b. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

In general, which types of crime are most likely to have the most victims per act or series of acts? a. Street crime b. Corporate crime c. Violent crime d. International crime

b. Corporate crime

True or False: Deviance is always considered a crime? a. True b. False

b. False

Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System? a. The police b. The jury c. The courts d. The corrections system

b. The jury

________________occurs when a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after they have been labeled as deviant by members of society. a. primary deviance b. secondary deviance c. tertiary deviance d. none of the above

b. secondary deviance

The regulation and enforcement of social norms that exists in all societies is known as: a. social order b. social control c. social regulation d. social integration

b. social control

Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a: a. Positive informal sanction b. Negative informal sanction c. Positive formal sanction d. Negative formal sanction

c. Positive formal sanction

What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? a. A violent crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. b. A violent crime is punishable in a court of law; a hate crime is not. c. A hate crime is punishable in a court of law; a violent crime is not. d. A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

d. A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society? a. Karl Marx b. Carl Sagan c. Emile Durkheim d. C. Wright Mills

d. C. Wright Mills

What is an example of deviance? a. Laughing at an instructor's joke during a class b. Waking up at 5 am to go for a run c. Not noticing a phone call on a silenced device d. Failing to signal a turn while driving

d. Failing to signal a turn while driving

In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? a. Strain theory b. Control theory c. Differential association d. Labeling theory

d. Labeling theory

Social control is: a. An arrangement of practices and behaviors on which society's members base their daily lives. b. A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law. c. A label that describes the chief characteristic of an individual. d. The regulation and enforcement of norms.

d. The regulation and enforcement of norms.

The term secondary deviance can be defined as: a. When positive formal sanctions cause an individual to deviate from society's expectations. b. When a violation of norms does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others. c. When negative informal sanctions encourage an individual to seek more positive behavioral choices. d. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

d. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

Being expelled for violating a college's code of conduct is clearly an example of: a. formal sanction b. negative sanction c. informal sanction d. formal sanction and negative sanction

d. formal sanction and negative sanction