Life In Sea Bio 324 Chapter 9 Quiz

Identify a true statement about the reproductive behaviors in emperor penguins. Emperor penguins abandon their nests once they lay their eggs. A female emperor penguin lays between 100 and 200 large, leathery eggs in each nest. A male emperor penguin incubates a single large egg for 64 days. Eggs of emperor penguins hatch after 60 days of incubation in the sand.

A male emperor penguin incubates a single large egg for 64 days.

Which of the following is true of sea lions? Adult females have a massive head with a hairy mane. They have a pair of distinctive tusks protruding down from the mouth. They are the only strict vegetarians among marine mammals. Adult males are much bigger than females.

Adult males are much bigger than females.

What species of sea otter lives from the Aleutian Islands to the northwest United States? Alaskan sea otter California sea otter Asian sea otter

Alaskan sea otter

Identify a seabird that takes a long time to reach sexual maturity. Heron Albatross Penguin Sandpiper

Albatross

Most species of penguins live primarily in _____. Antarctica Alaska the Scandinavian countries the Arctic circle

Antarctica

True or false: The metabolic rate and activity level of marine reptiles are unaffected by temperature.

False

_____ and their kin make up the largest variety of seabirds. Pelicans Tubenoses Penguins Gulls

Gulls

Which of the following can be included among seabirds, as they are wading shorebirds? (Check all that apply.) Herons Egrets Cormorants Albatrosses Sandpipers

Herons Egrets Sandpipers

Identify a true statement about the walrus. It is the smallest truly marine mammal. It differs from other marine mammals in lacking a layer of blubber. It uses its tusks for defense and to hold or anchor to ice. It is the largest truly marine mammal.

It uses its tusks for defense and to hold or anchor to ice.

Which of the following is a marine reptile that spends most of its time basking in large groups on rocks along the coast, warming up after swimming in the cold water? Leatherback turtles Marine turtles Penguins Marine iguanas

Marine iguanas

Identify a characteristic of sea snakes. Most of them are extremely aggressive in nature. They feed only on seagrasses and seaweeds. Most of them feed on eels and other bottom fishes. They are not venomous, unlike most land snakes.

Most of them feed on eels and other bottom fishes.

Sea snakes mate in the ocean and are ______, giving birth to live young.

Ovoviviparous

_____ are seabirds that have a unique pouch below their large beaks that are used as nets for fishing.

Pelicans

Of all seabirds ______, are the most radically adapted to live at sea.

Penguins

Seals and related forms of marine mammals are known as _____. sirenians pinnipeds hippopotamidae cetaceans

Pinnipeds

Which of the following is a member of the order Carnivora? Dugong Polar bear Manatee Baleen whale

Polar bear

Identify the type of bird that is a graceful flyer and hovers before diving for fish. Gulls Shorebirds Frigatebirds Terns

Terns

Identify the type of bird that is a graceful flyer and hovers before diving for fish. Terns Shorebirds Frigatebirds Gulls

Terns

Identify a true statement about reproduction in sea turtles. Both male and female sea turtles congregate on a beach when a female lays eggs. For laying eggs, female sea turtles seldom return to the beaches where they were born. Female sea turtles incubate a single large egg during reproduction. The DNA of turtles breeding in one area differs from the DNA of turtles breeding at other sites.

The DNA of turtles breeding in one area differs from the DNA of turtles breeding at other sites.

Which of the following penguins lives right on the Equator? The emperor penguin The Adélie penguin The king penguin The Galápagos penguin

The Galápagos penguin

Identify a true statement about mammals. The skin of mammals has hair instead of feathers to retain body heat. Mammals outnumber fishes, reptiles, and birds in number of species. The brain of mammals is much smaller than that of reptiles. Mammals are cold-blooded, and they tend to keep out of cold regions.

The skin of mammals has hair instead of feathers to retain body heat.

Identify a true statement about saltwater crocodiles. They were the first land tetrapods. They are among the most aggressive of all marine animals. They cannot venture into the open sea. They feed mostly on seagrasses and seaweeds.

They are among the most aggressive of all marine animals.

Identify a true statement about terns. They are flightless, with wings modified into stubby flippers. They include the albatrosses, shearwaters, and petrels. They have a unique pouch below their large beaks, which are used as nets for fishing. They are graceful flyers that hover over their prey before plunging for it.

They are graceful flyers that hover over their prey before plunging for it.

Cormorants

They are long-necked, usually black, seabirds that dive and pursue their prey.

Identify a true statement about tubenoses. They are skillful fliers, often seen flying low over the water. They make up the largest variety of seabirds. They are flightless birds that have wings modified into stubby flippers. They are the most radically adapted of all seabirds to live at sea.

They are skillful fliers, often seen flying low over the water.

Identify a characteristic of sirenians. They are the only strict vegetarians among marine mammals. They spend most of their time basking in large groups on rocks along the coast. They are members of the order Carnivora that inhabit the marine environment. They were the first land tetrapods.

They are the only strict vegetarians among marine mammals.

Identify a true statement about reproduction in marine iguanas. They burrow their eggs in sand and abandon their nests after a short time. They lay between 100 and 200 large, leathery eggs in each nest. They mate in the ocean and give birth to live young. They incubate a single large egg for about 64 days.

They burrow their eggs in sand and abandon their nests after a short time.

Identify a true statement about leatherback turtles. They can attain a length of nearly 3 m. They feed only on seagrasses and seaweeds. They have strong biting teeth. They can retract their heads into their shells.

They can attain a length of nearly 3 m.

Identify a true statement about sea otters. They differ from other marine mammals in lacking a layer of blubber. They have a pair of distinctive tusks protruding down from the mouth. Their bodies are covered with waterproof feathers that help conserve body heat. They have a pair of front flippers but no rear limbs.

They differ from other marine mammals in lacking a layer of blubber.

Which of the following is true of emperor penguins' reproductive behavior? They feed their chick for five and a half months, until it is strong enough to feed itself at sea. They abandon their nests after laying their eggs. They lay between 100 and 200 large, leathery eggs in each nest. They lay their eggs and cover them with sand for up to 60 days for incubation.

They feed their chick for five and a half months, until it is strong enough to feed itself at sea.

Which of the following are true of seabirds? (Check all that apply.) They feed only on seagrasses and seaweeds. They comprise about 50% of the estimated 9,700 species of birds. They have evolved from several different groups of land birds. They breed in large colonies on land and often build their nests on the ground. They differ widely in their flying skills and feeding habits.

They have evolved from several different groups of land birds. They breed in large colonies on land and often build their nests on the ground. They differ widely in their flying skills and feeding habits.

Identify the features of sea lions. (Check all that apply.) They have external ears. They are the largest pinnipeds. They lack the underfur of seals. They are agile swimmers, relying mostly on their broad front flippers. They have a pair of distinctive tusks protruding from the mouth.

They have external ears. They lack the underfur of seals. They are agile swimmers, relying mostly on their broad front flippers.

Identify the characteristics of green turtles. (Check all that apply.) They are the only type of sea turtles that can retract their heads into the shell. They are the largest of sea turtles. They lack teeth but have strong biting jaws. Their shells can grow to 40 inches in length. They feed mostly on seagrasses and seaweeds.

They lack teeth but have strong biting jaws. Their shells can grow to 40 inches in length. They feed mostly on seagrasses and seaweeds.

Identify a true statement about sea snakes. They are not venomous like land snakes. They are mostly herbivorous in nature. They are closely related to amphibians, and none of them are strictly marine. They lack the belly scales that allow land snakes to move.

They lack the belly scales that allow land snakes to move.

Identify a true statement about albatrosses. They abandon their nests after laying their eggs. They attain sexual maturity within the first six months of life. They remain faithful to their mating partners. They give birth to live young.

They remain faithful to their mating partners.

In the context of reproduction, which of the following is true about sea turtles? They show temperature-dependent sex determination. They incubate a single large egg during reproduction. They feed their offspring for the first six months. They are ovoviviparous, giving birth to live young.

They show temperature-dependent sex determination.

Frigatebirds

They soar majestically along the coast, forcing other seabirds to regurgitate fish in midair or catching prey from the surface.

Identify a true statement about seabirds. They comprise about 50% of the estimated 9,700 species of birds. They spend a significant part of their lives at sea and feed on marine organisms. They mate in the ocean and give birth to live young. They feed only on seagrasses and seaweeds.

They spend a significant part of their lives at sea and feed on marine organisms.

True or false: All four species of sirenians are in danger of extinction.

True

True or false: In mammals, the brain is larger in relation to body size and far more complex than that of other vertebrates.

True

The upper part of penguins' bodies is black and their bellies white. This is an example of ____.

countershading

With the exception of the _____, marine reptiles are ectotherms because they lose most of their metabolic heat to the environment to match their body temperature with the external temperature. hawksbill turtle marine iguana saltwater crocodile leatherback turtle

leatherback turtle

The muscles of penguins contain high amounts of _____ to store additional oxygen.

myoglobin

Marine reptiles are _____ because their body temperature varies with that of the environment. heterotherms endotherms poikilotherms homeotherms

poikilotherms

The ____, ____ is the smallest truly marine mammal.

sea otter

The largest group of pinnipeds is the _____. walruses seals sea lions sea otters

seals

Usually included among the seabirds are many species of wading _____, most of which do not have webbed feet.

shorebirds

Manatees and dugong are also known as _____. cetaceans cormorants pinnipeds sirenians

sirenians

Land-dwelling vertebrates are called _____, meaning "four-footed." arthropods theropods tetrapods octopods

tetrapods

In leatherback turtles, heat loss is reduced by _____. transferring body heat back to the body by means of a network of blood vessels in the flippers covering their bodies beneath the rocks along coastal areas propelling their streamlined bodies with powerful strokes of the flippers basking in large groups on rocks along the coast, warming up after swimming in cold water

transferring body heat back to the body by means of a network of blood vessels in the flippers

The ______ comprise a large group of seabirds with distinctive tube-like nostrils and heavy beaks that are usually curved at the tip.

tubenoses