life span 6

Six-year-old Beth is loud, disruptive, and aggressive. Beth may have _____ tendencies.

externalizing

Faila believes that if she works hard, she can do almost anything. Faila has high:

self-efficacy.

Who is the typical, classic victim of a bully?

socially anxious, relatively unpopular children

Bailey manages his feelings via:

emotion regulation.

The capacity to manage one's feelings is called:

emotion regulation.

Dr. Jamal suggests to Mia's mother than Mia participate in more collaborative pretend play. Dr. Jamal would like to see Mia engage in:

play with other children in which they fantasized together.

An example of rough-and-tumble play is:

play wrestling.

When people feel guilty, they may be motivated to:

apologize and reconnect with others.

Girls' play often involves:

cooperating and collaborating in small groups.

The most effective anti-bullying approaches:

try to change peer group norms.

Prosocial behaviors start to emerge:

early in life.

Ten-year-old Bella has a best friend named Sophia. Which would be Bella's MOST likely description of why Sophia is her best friend?

"I can tell her anything, and I know she will stand up for me."

Which statement BEST describes the change in aggressive behavior between preschool and elementary school?

In preschool, aggressive behavior often is more physical and centers on objects, while in elementary school aggression becomes more relational and is centered on hurting the victim's feelings.

Which child is the MOST likely to be rejected in elementary school?

Rapheal, who acts more like his female class mates.

Personality theorist Harry Stack Sullivan believed that children's friendships fulfill the developmental needs of self-validation and intimacy. Which aged child is Sullivan describing?

Reece, age 10

Personality theorist Harry Stack Sullivan believed that friendships in middle childhood are stepping-stones for:

adult romantic relationships.

Pablo gets teased for looking different and is pushed around by some classmates almost every day at school. Pablo is the victim of:

bullying

When asked to explain why Josie is her best friend, Samantha answers, "Because she makes me laugh and is nice to me." These girls are most likely _____, because they describe their friendship in terms of _____.

elementary school-aged children; internal qualities

Research suggests that friendships teach us how to manage:

emotions and conflict.

Milagros is a fifth-grader who has been chronically bullied for several years. As a result, she has become anxious and withdrawn, yet at the same time occasionally lashes out at her tormenters. The school psychologist has evaluated Milagros and suggested that she has comorbid:

externalizing and internalizing problems.

Six-year-old Mikey gets very angry at school and will often have outbursts in class in which he yells at the teacher and knocks over his desk. Mikey has:

externalizing problems.

Disruptive and aggressive behavior may indicate:

externalizing tendencies.

Megan acts on her immediate impulses and behaves disruptively and aggressively. Megan:

has externalizing tendencies.

Eight-year-old Ahmed doesn't care about sports at all and reports that he is not a very good athlete. The fact that he is not a good athlete will _____ his self-esteem.

have little impact on

Kalista is a highly aggressive 6-year-old. The best thing for her teacher to do to reduce the likelihood of Kalista being rejected by her peers is to:

help her develop emotion regulation skills and encourage prosocial behavior.

Nine-year-old Nancy believes she is no scholar, but she is a star athlete, the life domain she really cares about. Nancy most likely has:

high self-esteem

Four-year-old Reece struggles to take risks. He is anxious and stays close to his teachers at school and his parents at home. He does not participate with the other children on the playground. Erik Erikson might say that Reece is struggling to achieve:

initiative.

An example of a(n) _____ problem is excessive shame and low self-worth.

internalizing

Astrid is excessively timid, self-conscious, and depressed. Astrid has _____ tendencies.

internalizing

Jaden, a nine-year-old child, is extremely fearful of high places, thinking that he may fall at any moment. He also sees himself as a failure at everything he does, even when his performance is reasonably good. Jaden has:

internalizing tendencies.

Children who believe that they are powerless to affect their fate and give up on tasks without trying have developed:

learned helplessness.

One reason why relational aggression becomes common in girls, is that, _______ aggression is severely sanctioned in females.

overt, or physical

Research in your text suggests that highly prosocial behavior during the preschool years:

predicts prosocial behavior in adulthood.

Hurtful behavior initiated to get something or to reach a goal is called _____ aggression.

proactive

Thomas tends to discount his academic failures and blame others for his problems. Thomas's teachers should:

reinforce his successes and gently provide accurate feedback about his failures.

Amy is jealous that her friend Beth is getting to know a new girl at school. Amy doesn't want Beth to like the new girl better than her, so she starts a rumor that the new girl has been talking badly about Beth behind her back in the hopes that this will end the relationship. This type of behavior is called _____ aggression.

relational

Six-year-old Gemma spreads rumors about Ava, and tells her that she is not going to be invited to anyone's birthday parties anymore. Gemma's behavior is called _____ aggression.

relational

Trace and Emmitt are running around outside. Their goal is to catch one other, tackle each other to the ground, and wrestle until one of them gets up; then they begin the chase again. They are engaging in:

rough-and-tumble play.

Harry has externalizing problems and often interrupts other children when they are playing. According to the text, the BEST approach for correcting Harry's behavior is:

to gently explain to him that other kids don't like it when he barges in on their games.

Voitek is now in the sixth grade and has been the victim of bullying for several years. He also tends to regularly bully the other kids. Voitek probably is:

aggressive, or has externalizing issues.