Living Environment Regents Questions

Lobsters are crustaceans related to crayfish, crabs, and shrimp. Most lobsters are a reddish- brown color, but on rare occasions, they can be orange, blue, or even multicolored. These color differences can be caused by

genetic variations

Acid rain is a major problem in the Adirondack Mountains. Evidence that acid rain negatively affected the Adirondack ecosystem is that

there has been a decrease in the variety of fish found in Adirondack lakes

The process of mitotic cell division normally results in the production of

two cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Scientists have found a gene that makes a protein called PKG that controls certain behaviors in many types of ants. The soldier ant will help collect food when it has a low level of PKG. When it has a high level of PKG, the soldier ant will protect and defend its colony. Soldier ants that are given PKG are more likely to ignore food sources and attack intruders. Which conclusion can best be made from this information?

The behavior of soldier ants is controlled in part by the PKG protein.

A new chemical was discovered and introduced into a culture containing one species of bacteria. Within a day, most of the bacteria were dead, but a few remained alive. Which statement best explains why some of the bacteria survived?

They had a genetic variation that gave them resistance to the chemical.

Which two factors could lead to the evolution of a species over time?

changes in the genes of sex cells and survival of the fittest

Which system in a multicellular organism functions most like the cytoplasm in a single- celled organism?

circulatory

Cloning an individual usually produces organisms that

contain identical genes

Nuclear power plants, which produce electrical energy, use large quantities of water for cooling. Often, small fish, larvae, and fish eggs are sucked in along with the cooling water and destroyed. This example illustrates how

industrialization can have positive and negative effects

Genetic researchers have discovered a number of different gene mutations that have led to the development of cancer. These mutations affect how frequently a cell reproduces. Which process would be directly influenced by these mutations?

mitotic cell division

As human red blood cells mature, they lose their nuclei. As a result of this loss, which process would be impossible for mature red blood cells to carry out?

reproduction

To clone a mammal, a cloned embryo is often put into an adult female of the same species to continue internal development. The structure in which the embryo will develop is the

uterus