LS 7

A(n)________ disparity refers to the slightly different view of the world that each eye receives, and is a distance cue that allows us to perceive the depth of a given visual stimulus.

Binocular

True/False - According to Gestalt principles of perception, we can perceive the classic vase/faces image as either a vase or two faces is due to the law of similarity.

False

True/False - According to the PowerPoint presentation on Gestalt Principles, Max Wertheimer became interested in the principles of perception while looking at a tachiscope.

False

True/False - According to the PowerPoint presentation on Sensation, humans experience the world directly.

False

Which school of thinking in psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the ________ illusion.

Müller-Lyer

A ________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

Perception; sensation

True/False - According to the PowerPoint presentation on Gestalt Principles, near the end of the presentation there is an optical illusion of a woman at a table that also looks like a skull.

True

True/False - I posted a video in the online content about context effects. Zimbardo demonstrates this in something called the Ames Room.

True

Imagine yourself in a dark classroom reading PowerPoint slides. If an audience member were to check the internet using her cell phone and causing her screen to light up, chances are that many people would notice the change in illumination in the classroom. However, if the same thing happened in a brightly lit classroom during a discussion, very few people would notice. The cell phone brightness does not change, but its ability to be detected as a change in illumination varies dramatically between the two contexts. This is an example of ________.

Weber's law

Sarit is at a bar full of music, chatter, and laughter. He gets involved in an interesting conversation with a woman named Mona, and he tunes out all the background noise. Sarit's friend, Karen, taps him on the shoulder and asks what song just played on the jukebox. Sarit says he doesn't know, even though he is sitting right next to the jukebox and is familiar with popular music. This illustrates the role that ________ plays in what is sensed versus what is perceived.

attention

When a child works on a connect the dots puzzle, she can often see the completed work before she has finished all of the dots. Once there is enough visual information present, she's able to perceive the completed picture even though it is still incomplete. Which Gestalt principle does this demonstrate?

closure

Ravon is deaf. He was born without the ability to hear, and has never experienced an auditory stimulus. When people write using 'sound' type words like 'loud,' 'soft,' and 'quiet,' he sometimes has difficulty understanding what they are trying to convey. Ravon has ________ deafness.

congenital

One principle of civil engineering is that when you design a highway you should have traffic flow in the same direction and avoid interruptions to that flow as much as possible. Exit ramps tend to be curved so that cars don't have to stop rather than having 90-degree angles that force stops and starts. This is an application of which Gestalt principle?

good continuation

Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it. This research protocol demonstrates which concept?

inattentional blindness

Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

optic

Our perceptions are based on perceptual hypotheses: educated guesses that we make while interpreting sensory information. These hypotheses are informed by a number of factors, including our

personalities, experiences, and expectations (all of the above)

If you watch a flock of birds flying overhead, each very close to the next one, you may perceive them as all being part of the same group. If they were all spaced very much apart, however, you may see them as individual birds not flying together. This distinction takes advantage of which Gestalt principle?

proximity

Nikki was walking around a department store shopping one day, and did not realize that the shirt she was wearing looked just like the shirts worn by employees. When a stranger asked, do you work here? she thought it was funny. The other customers' assumption that Nikki was a store employee demonstrates the Gestalt principle of _______.

similarity

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge and expectancies?

top-down