LS 7B-Week 10

Population range is

The area over which a population is spread

Which of these factors likely contributed to the accumulation of o2 within Earth's atmosphere?

The evolution of Cyanobacteria The fact that o2 is also cycled during the carbon cycle The fact that there is slight "de-coupling" between photosynthesis and respiration The fact that photosynthesis releases o2 as a product

Most climate models predict that during the 21st century mean global temperature will increase by:

2-5 °C.

In general, what is the relationship between a country's ecological footprint and its overall standard of living?

As the standard of living increases, so does the ecological footprint

Which of the answer choices is reflected back to the Earth's surface by greenhouse gases?

Infrared radiation

Why are microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, and archaeons so important to the carbon cycle?

Many of these microorganisms generate carbon dioxide, making it available for primary producers.

Which is one "low tech" method current,u available to actively remove CO2 from the air?

Reforestation of previously cleared landscpes

Tropical rainforests have high species richness, but low density. In deciduous forests the pattern is opposite. Which of the statements is not a plausible explanation for this pattern?

There are fewer species in temperate regions because the number of trees per hectare is lower than in tropical rainforests.

Most of Earth's primary production comes from tropical rainforests

True

The evolution of biodiversity on the planet can be linked to patterns in the carbon cycle over time.

True

What is the coldest biome with the lowest biodiversity and a permanent layer of ice beneath the soil?

Tundra

Autotrophs remove _____ from the air and fix this into tissues providing _____ for secondary consumers.

carbon dioxide and energy

Moderate temperatures and precipitation, as well as nutrient-rich soil due to annual leaf fall, characterize this biome.

deciduous forest

In terrestrial ecosystems, nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere by:

denitrifying bacteria

In marine ecosystems phosphorus is added to the ecosystem primarily from:

erosion of rocks on land

If phosphorus concentrations were to suddenly increase in a marine ecosystem, which of the following would likely occur?

increased primary productivity

An invasive species

is any non-native species that becomes established in a new ecosystem.

Given models of population growth, which model would be the best to use for determining estimated sustainable yield?

logistic

Which regions in freshwater or marine biomes would you expect to have the highest productivity?

near the surface where sunlight penetrates

Which of these organisms can incorporate atmospheric carbon directly into C6H12O6 thereby playing a major role in a food web?

primary producers

Decomposers are vital components of a food web because they:

return carbon (as CO2) to the atmosphere.

In addition to burning fossils fuels,humans return CO2 to the atmosphere faster than it can be removed by:

Clearing forests for agriculture

If all of the tertiary consumers were removed from an environment, the associated food web, and thus the carbon cycle, would collapse.

False

Which of the newer choices is not n example of a greenhouse gas?

Oxygen

Which of the statements explains how an oxygen-rich atmosphere became possible on Earth?

Rates of oxygen consumption are lower than rates of photosynthesis.

An individual's ecological footprint is equivalent to:

The amount of land required to provide all the resources used by that individual

A group of scientists in Alaska notices that not only have atmospheric CO2 levels increased at their sampling site but so too have methane levels. What could account for this increase in methane levels?

The release of methane from thawed permafrost.

The hypothesis that species diversity is greater at lower latitudes than higher latitudes because low-latitude habitats are older is a hypothesis that would be supported if speciation rates were:

The same in high and low latitudes

As you hike from the base of a mountain to the top of a mountain, you would expect see decreasing levels of biodiversity.

True

Which of these biomes receives the least amount of rainfall, and therefore has low primary production, nutrient-poor soil, and plant species that are adapted for water storage?

desert

In deeper waters, nutrients primarily come from:

detritus sinking from more productive shallower waters.