lvl06(1237)

beverage

[`bɛvrɪdʒ] n. 飲料 You have to be at least 20 years old to buy alcoholic beverages in this country. 在這個國家你要滿 20 歲才可以買酒精類飲料。

bishop

[`bɪʃəp] n. 主教 Bishop Robin has received death threats and therefore, has asked for additional protection. 羅賓主教受到死亡威脅，因此申請額外保護。

glamour

[`glæmɚ] n. 魅力，美艷 A lot of people were attracted to the movie star's glamour. 許多人深受這名影星的魅力所吸引。

commentator

[`kɑmən͵tetɚ] n. 時事評論家 Richard used to be a political commentator on an evening news program. 理察曾是一個晚間新聞節目的政治評論家。

version

[`vɝʒən] n. 譯本，版本，（文藝作品的）改編形式 A Chinese version of that novel is going to be published next year. 那本小說的中譯本預計明年出版。 Have you bought the latest version of the software? 你買了這套軟體的最新版本嗎？ I prefer the film version of the Joy Luck Club. 我比較喜歡電影版本的《喜福會》。 比較 edition [ə`dɪʃən] n.（刊物、書籍的）再版 This is the second edition of the novel. 這是這本小說的第二版。

victor

[`vɪktɚ] n. 勝利者 Who was the victor in the fencing match? 誰贏了這場西洋劍比賽？ ＊fencing [`fɛnsɪŋ] n. 劍術

expenditure

[ɪk`spɛndɪtʃɚ] n. （一般）開支，開銷（與介詞 on 並用） 片語 a reduction in public/government expenditure 公共／政府開支調降 Make sure our expenditure on research doesn't exceed our budget. 要確實做到我們的研究開銷不得超過預算。

honorary

[`ɑnə͵rɛrɪ] a. （學位）名譽上的 片語 an honorary degree 榮譽學位 an honorary chairman 榮譽主席 an honorary doctorate 榮譽博士學位 The politician had received an honorary degree from the university. 該政治人物獲得了那間大學所頒的榮譽學位。 比較 honorable [`ɑnərəbḷ] a. 值得尊敬的 honorable judges 庭上；可敬的裁判 Honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen, I'm honored to deliver a speech to you. 尊敬的裁判，各位女士先生，本人能對大 家演講深感榮幸。

chuckle

[`tʃʌkḷ] vi. 暗自發笑 n. 竊笑 Nick was reading a comic book, chuckling to himself. 尼克正看著一本漫畫書，暗自發笑。 Sara gave a chuckle in response to the tricky question. 莎拉以竊笑回應這個狡猾的問題。

variable

[`vɛrɪəbḷ] a. 多變的 n. 變數 Prices are variable according to the rate of exchange. 價格隨匯率而變動。 We should take all the variables into account before we make the final decision. 在做出最後決定前，我們應把所有變數考慮進去。 ＊take sth into account 考慮某事 - take sth into consideration - consider sth

outlook

[`aut͵lʊk] n. 展望（與介詞 for 並用，常用單數） The outlook for this company is very bright. 該公司的前景大好。

EQ

n. 情緒商數（- emotional quotient） A person with a high EQ tends to get along with other people well. 情緒商數高的人通常能跟人處得很好。

irony

[`aɪrənɪ] n. 諷刺（不可數） "Thanks a bunch, dude. You really saved me a lot of trouble," said George with irony. 『老兄，真多謝。你讓我省了好多麻煩哪，』喬治諷刺地說。 The newspaper said that the two policemen-turned robbers robbed a bank yesterday and got away with the money. What irony. 報上說，昨天有兩名原是員警的搶匪搶了一家銀行，帶著錢逃之夭夭了。真諷刺。

eyesight

[`aɪ͵saɪt] n. 視力 片語 have good/poor eyesight 眼力好／壞 John has had poor eyesight ever since he was born. 約翰自出生視力就很差。

outing

[`aʊtɪŋ] n. 遠足（短途，不超過一天） 片語 go on an outing to + 地方 去某地遠足 Our class went on an outing to the National Palace Museum yesterday. 我們班昨天去國立故宮博物院遠足。

outbreak

[`aʊt͵brek] n. 爆發 There were outbreaks of rioting throughout the city last week. 上星期有幾次遍及該城市的暴動發生。 ＊rioting [`raɪətɪŋ] n. 暴亂（不可數） 用法 此字源自片語動詞 break out（疾病、戰爭的爆發）。 They escaped to the United States shortly before war broke out. 他們在戰爭爆發前不久逃去美國。

outfit

[`aʊt͵fɪt] n. 全套服裝／裝備 vt. 提供全套服裝 片語 a superman/cowboy outfit 全套超人／牛仔裝 a ski outfit 全套滑雪裝備 outfit sb with sth 為某人提供全套服裝 I'm considering wearing a superman outfit to the costume party. 我正考慮要穿全套超人裝去那場變裝派對。 The clothing brand quickly rose to fame by outfitting celebrities. 這個服裝品牌藉由提供名人全套服裝穿著而快速嶄露頭角。 ＊rise to fame 嶄露頭角

outlaw

[`aʊt͵lɔ] n. 歹徒，亡命之徒 vt. 使⋯⋯不合法，禁止 Police were informed that a group of outlaws were hiding in the forest. 警方被告知有一群歹徒正躲在森林裡。 Most states in the US have outlawed the use of marijuana, even for medical use. 美國大部分的州都已將大麻列為非法，即便是用作醫療用途。 ＊marijuana [͵mærɪ`(h)wɑnə] n. 大麻

outlet

[`aʊt͵lɛt] n. 宣洩的途徑，銷路，通路，打折暢貨中心 片語 an outlet for sth 某事的宣洩出口 Exercise provides people with an outlet for negative emotions and built-up stress. 運動提供大家一個管道，以宣洩負面情緒和累積的壓力。 The company has nearly 30 retail outlets in Taiwan alone. 這家公司光是在台灣就有近 30 處的零售據點。 Frank spends most of his spare time shopping at the outlet mall. 法蘭克大部分空閒的時間都在打折暢貨中心購物。

outrage

[`aʊt͵redʒ] vt. 使憤慨 n. 令人憤慨的事 People were outraged by the increasing food prices. 民眾對於物價上漲感到憤怒。 The scandal caused public outrage. 該醜聞令大眾憤慨。

outset

[`aʊt͵sɛt] n. 開始 片語 from the outset 從一開始 - from the beginning The machine malfunctioned from the outset. 這台機器從一開始就故障了。 ＊malfunction [mæl`fʌŋkʃən] vi. 故障 I told the salesperson I wasn't interested in his product from the outset. 我告訴這名推銷員我從一開始就對他的產品不感興趣。 用法 outset 是由片詞動詞 set out 衍生而成的名詞。set out 可表示『開始進行某事』或『開始一段旅程』。 Todd set out to discover a cure for cancer. 陶德開始著手研發癌症療法。 Jane set out for the station before dawn. - Jane left for the station before dawn. - Jane departed for the station before dawn. 小珍在天還沒亮的時候便出發前往車站。

bias

[`baɪəs] n. 偏見 vt. 使有偏見（常以過去分詞作形容詞用） 片語 have a bias against... 對⋯⋯有偏見 - be biased against... - be prejudiced against... It is clear that this company has a strong bias against women. 這家公司顯然對女性存有強烈的偏見。 Female employees often fall victim to gender bias in the workplace. 女性員工在職場上常會受到性別偏見所害。 ＊fall victim to... 受⋯⋯所害 延伸 gender bias 性別偏見

blunder

[`blʌndɚ] n. 大錯 片語 make a blunder 犯了大錯 - make a stupid mistake The medical blunder resulted in the patient's death. 這起醫療疏失造成這名病患死亡。

breakdown

[`brek͵daʊn] n. （機器）故障 After five breakdowns in two months, Joe decided he would be better off just buying a new car. 兩個月內發生 5 次故障後，阿喬決定他買輛新車會比較好。 ＊be better off + V-ing 從事⋯⋯會比較好 延伸 have a nervous breakdown 精神衰弱 Joe had a nervous breakdown in his late twenties. 阿喬年近三十時變得精神衰弱。 用法 此字源自片語動詞 break down（故障）。 I had to have my car towed after it broke down on the highway. 車子在高速公路上故障後，我得叫人來把它拖走。

breakup

[`brek͵ʌp] n. 分手，終止 Joe's midlife crisis led to the breakup of his first marriage. 喬伊的中年危機導致他第一段婚姻的結束。 用法 此字源自片語動詞 break up（終止、分手）。 Nina just broke up with her boyfriend. 妮娜剛和她男朋友分手。

breakthrough

[`brek͵θru] n. 突破（與介詞 in 並用） 片語 make/achieve a breakthrough in... 在⋯⋯上有所突破 Everyone is expecting doctors to make a breakthrough in cancer treatment. 大家都希望醫生能在癌症治療上有所突破。 用法 此字源自片語動詞 break through（突破）。 Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. 科學家認為他們在對抗癌症上就要有所突破了。

brutal

[`brutḷ] a. 殘忍的 The serial killer was sentenced to life imprisonment for the brutal murder of five little girls. 這名連續殺人魔因為殘忍地殺害 5 名小女童而被判無期徒刑。 ＊life imprisonment 無期徒刑 ＊imprisonment [ɪm`prɪzṇmənt] n. 監禁

baptism

[`bæptɪsəm] n. 基督教受洗，考驗 片語 a baptism of fire （對新成員的）嚴峻考驗 After his baptism, John was officially considered a Christian. 受洗過後，約翰正式成為一名基督徒。 I was asked to deal with a tough customer on my first day of work. It was a real baptism of fire. 我上班第一個天就得面對一個難搞的客人。這真是對我的一大考驗。

boycott

[`bɔɪ͵kɑt] vt. 聯合抵制 n. 聯合抵制 片語 call for a boycott against... 呼籲抵制⋯⋯ People are boycotting this store because of its unreasonable selling prices. 人們正聯合抵制這家商店不合理的售價。 Animal rights activists call for a boycott against all products that are tested on animals. 動物保育人士呼籲抵制任何使用動物做測試的產品。

beckon

[`bɛkṇ] vt. vi. （招手或點頭）向⋯⋯示意 片語 beckon (to) sb to V 招手叫某人⋯⋯ I beckoned the waiter to come to our table and take our order. 我招手示意要服務生過來我們這桌點菜。

burial

[`bɛrɪəl] n. 葬禮，埋葬 The soldier was given a state burial in honor of sacrificing his life for his country. 這位士兵獲得國葬禮遇，紀念他為國犧牲。 The burial site of the renowned writer has become a hot tourist spot. 那位名作家的葬身地點已成了今日的熱門觀光景點。 延伸 interment [ɪn`tɝmənt] n. 土葬 cremation [krɪ`meʃən] n. 火葬 a sea burial n. 海葬

buckle

[`bʌkḷ] n. 釦環 vt. 以釦環扣住 片語 buckle up 扣緊安全帶（- fasten the seat belt） Using this new buckle, you can make your old belt stylish again. 使用這個新釦環，你就能讓這條舊皮帶煥然一新。 Remember to buckle up whenever you are in a car. 只要你坐在車內別忘了要繫好安全帶。

dynamite

[`daɪnə͵maɪt] n. 炸藥（不可數） People are still using dynamite to blast mountains. 人們仍然使用炸藥炸山。 ＊blast [blæst] vt. 爆破

diagram

[`daɪə͵græm] n. 一覽圖，圖解 片語 a diagram of sth 某物的圖解 The engineer showed us the diagram of the telephone circuit. 工程師讓我們看了電話線路配置圖。

daybreak

[`de͵brek] n. 黎明（通常與介詞 at 並用） 片語 at daybreak 在黎明時分 - at dawn Nikki rises at daybreak, meditates for half an hour, and then gets ready for work. 妮奇黎明時分起床，打坐 30 分鐘，然後準備去上班。 ＊meditate [`mɛdə͵tet] vi. 打坐，冥想 延伸 以下名詞均表『某時刻』，故皆與介詞 at 並用： at five o'clock 五點鐘 at dawn/daybreak 黎明 at noon 中午 at dusk/twilight 傍晚 at night 晚上 at midnight 午夜

defect

[`difɛkt dɪ`fɛkt]/[dɪ`fɛkt] n. 缺陷，瑕疵 vt. 逃亡 片語 a genetic defect 基因上的缺陷 The child's deformity was caused by a genetic defect. 這個孩子的畸形與基因缺陷有關。 ＊deformity [dɪ`fɔrmətɪ] n. 畸形 ＊genetic [dʒə`nɛtɪk] a. 基因上的 Sarah found a defect in the bag she just bought, so she took it back and asked for a replacement. 莎拉在她新買的包包上發現瑕疵，便拿回去要求換貨。 ＊replacement [rɪ`plesmənt] n. 更換 Many people defected from the Soviet Union to the West in the 1960s. 1960 年代，許多人從蘇聯逃亡，投奔到西方國家。

decent

[`disənt] a. （人）正直的，正派的，（東西）像樣的 片語 a decent job/meal 像樣的工作／一頓飯 a decent-looking person/fellow 看起來乾乾淨淨，中規中矩的人 Henry is a decent man. He'll never do things like that. 亨利是個正直的人。他絕對不會做那種事。 Stop fooling around and go find a job! You have to lead a decent life, or others will look down upon you. 別再鬼混，快找份工作吧！你得活得正派一點，不然大家都會瞧不起你。

dubious

[`djubɪəs] a. 猶豫不決的，可疑的 片語 be dubious about + N/V-ing 猶豫是否該⋯⋯ Mary is dubious about accepting the job offer. 瑪麗猶豫是否該接受這份工作。 That man who sneaked into the backdoor of the building looked dubious. 那個潛入這棟大樓後門的男子看來很可疑。

dual

[`djuəl] a. 雙重的 The fact that some government officials hold dual citizenship has attracted a lot of criticism. 某些政府官員持有雙重國籍的這件事遭受猛烈批評。 延伸 dual citizenship 雙重國籍

donate

[`donet] vt. 捐獻（金錢、物資等），捐贈（器官、血液等） 片語 donate sth to N 將某物捐給⋯⋯ Mr. and Mrs. Smith donated one million dollars to a local charity. 史密斯夫婦捐了 1 百萬美元給地方慈善機構。 People lined up to donate blood which would be sent to soldiers overseas. 民眾排隊捐血給海外的士兵。 ＊overseas [͵ovɚ`siz] adv. 在國外

donor

[`donɚ] n. 捐贈者 片語 a blood donor 捐血者 an organ donor 捐贈器官者 The heart donor was a 16-year-old boy who had died in a car accident that morning. 心臟捐贈者是一名 16 歲的男孩，他在那天早上因為車禍過世了。

dosage

[`dosɪdʒ] n. 劑量 An excessive dosage of sleeping pills may lead to headaches or dizziness. 過多劑量的安眠藥可能會導致頭痛或是暈眩。 ＊excessive [ɪk`sɛsɪv] a. 過量的

drastic

[`dræstɪk] a. 激烈的 片語 take drastic measures/action 採取激烈手段／行動 The union threatened to take drastic action if its demands were not met. 工會揚言若達不到訴求的話，便會採取激烈行動。

drawback

[`drɔ͵bæk] n. 缺點 片語 the drawback to/of sth 某事物的缺點 The main drawback to the project is its high cost. 這個計劃的主要缺點就是成本太高。

dreary

[`drɪrɪ] a. 枯燥的 There's not much to do in this dreary little town. 這個無聊的小鎮沒什麼事情好做的。

drizzle

[`drɪzḷ] n. 毛毛雨 vi. 下毛毛雨 You'd better carry an umbrella with you in case the drizzle turns into a pouring rain. 你最好隨身帶把傘，以免這毛毛雨變成傾盆大雨。 It was drizzling when we walked to school. - It was raining lightly when we walked to school. 我們走去上學時，天空正飄著細雨。

daffodil

[`dæfədɪl] n. 水仙花 Daffodils are among the first flowers to bloom in spring. 水仙花是春天首先開花的花種之一。 ＊bloom [blum] vi. 開花

dandruff

[`dændrəf] n. 頭皮屑（不可數） This brand of shampoo can help you get rid of dandruff. 這牌子的洗髮精可以幫你去除頭皮屑。

doctrine

[`dɑktrɪn] n. （宗教的）教義，教條 It is the doctrine of our company that we manufacture quality products only. 我們公司的教條是：我們只生產高品質的產品。

deadly

[`dɛdlɪ] a. 致命的 Dioxin is possibly one of the most deadly substances known to mankind. 戴奧辛可能人類所知最致命的有毒物質之一。 ＊dioxin [daɪ`ɑksɪn] n. 一種毒性極強的致癌化合物 延伸 a deadly poison 致命的毒藥 a deadly weapon 致命的武器

dedicate

[`dɛdə͵ket] vt. 奉獻 片語 dedicate oneself to + N/V-ing 某人致力於⋯⋯ - devote oneself to + N/V-ing - be dedicated to + N/V-ing - be devoted to + N/V-ing dedicate sth to sb 將某物獻給某人 Mary dedicated herself to helping the poor. 瑪麗奉獻自己幫助窮人。 Ladies and gentleman, I'd like to dedicate this song to my dear wife, who has been supporting my singing career over the past 20 years. 各位女士先生，我想把這首歌獻給我摯愛的太太，過去這20年來她一直支持我的歌唱事業。

footnote

[`fʊt͵not] n. 註腳 There are some footnotes at the bottom of the page that provide more details. 這一頁下面有一些註解可提供更多的細節。

deficit

[`dɛfɪsɪt] n. 赤字 片語 be in deficit 呈現赤字（- be in the red） a trade deficit 貿易逆差（進口多於出口） The US trade balance has been in deficit for the past few years. 過去幾年來，美國的貿易收支都呈現赤字的狀態。 The United States is currently running a trade deficit with China. 美國目前對中國呈現貿易逆差。

density

[`dɛnsətɪ] n. 密集度，密度 Tokyo is a city of high population density. 東京是人口密集度高的城市。 Aluminum is low in density. 鋁的密度低。

dental

[`dɛntḷ] a. 牙齒的 If you have dental problems, you should go see a dentist. 如果你有牙齒方面問題，應該去看牙醫。 延伸 a dental clinic 牙科診所

deputy

[`dɛpjətɪ] n. 副手，代理人 Richard was promoted to deputy director of our company at the age of 25. 理查年僅 25 歲就被拔擢為我們公司的副總裁。 延伸 a deputy chairman/governor/mayor 副主席／州長／市長

devastating

[`dɛvəs͵tetɪŋ] a. 毀滅性的 It will deal a devastating blow to the local economy if the factory closes. 這家工廠如果關閉的話，將會重創地方經濟。 ＊deal a blow to sb/sth 對某人／某物打擊

designate

[`dɛzɪg͵net] vt. 指派，標明 片語 designate sb to V 指派某人從事⋯⋯ designate sb (as) + 職位 指派某人某職位 Mr. Johnson has been designated (as) chairman of the campaign fund-raising activities. 強森先生已被指派為競選募款活動的主席。 ＊fund-raising [`fʌnd͵rezɪŋ] a. 募款的 The official designated his aide to act for him at the conference. 這位官員指派助手代理他出席該會議。 This floor has been designated (as) a non-smoking area of the building. 這層樓被標明為這棟大樓的禁菸區。 延伸 a designated hitter（棒球）指定代打

dictate

[`dɪktet] vt. vi. 口述，指定，規定 片語 dictate a letter/memo to sb 向某人口述一封信／一則備忘錄 dictate to sb 命令某人 The manager just dictated a letter to his secretary. 經理剛才向秘書口述信函。 The committee didn't dictate how the money should be spent. 委員會並未規定這筆錢應該怎麼花。 The government shouldn't be dictated to by the mass media. 政府不該被傳媒操控。

dictator

[`dɪk͵tetɚ] n. 獨裁者 People nationwide were celebrating the downfall of the dictator. 全國民眾都在慶祝那名獨裁者的垮台。 ＊nationwide [`neʃən͵waɪd] a. 全國的 & adv. 在全國

dissident

[`dɪsədənt] n. 異議份子 In a dictatorial regime, dissidents are not accepted and are often exiled. 在獨裁政權下，異議份子是不被接納的，很多也因此遭流放。 ＊dictatorial [͵dɪktə`tɔrɪəl] a. 獨裁的 ＊exile [`ɛksaɪl] vt. 流放

disciplinary

[`dɪsəplɪn͵ɛrɪ] a. 懲戒的 片語 a disciplinary committee 懲戒委員會 a disciplinary action 懲戒處分 John may face disciplinary actions because he was found with drugs at school. 約翰在學校裡被發現攜帶毒品，因此可能將接受懲戒處分。

generalize

[`dʒɛnərəl͵aɪz] vi. 概括論定，歸納 Our guide generalized about the Spanish people, saying that they were all extremely passionate. 我們導遊把西班牙人概括論定，說他們極度熱情。

generate

[`dʒɛnə͵ret] vt. 產生（光、電、熱），引來（財富） 片語 generate income 引來財富 The dam generates electricity for the local community. 該座水壩發電供當地社區使用。 Tourism generates more income for the seaside resort. 旅遊業為濱海勝地帶來較多的收入。

generator

[`dʒɛnə͵retɚ] n. 發電機 片語 an emergency generator 緊急發電機 The hospital has two emergency generators in case of a power failure. 這家醫院有兩座緊急發電機，以供停電時使用。

jury

[`dʒʊrɪ] n. 陪審團 The jury found the suspect not guilty, but the prosecutor disagreed. 陪審團認定這名嫌犯無罪，不過檢查官卻不認同。 延伸 judge [dʒʌdʒ] n. 法官② prosecutor [`prɑsɪ͵kjutɚ] n. 檢察官⑥

alienate

[`eljən͵et] vt. 使疏離 片語 alienate A from B 使 A 和 B 疏離 Jack's promotion to the post of vice president alienated him from his former colleagues. 傑克高升為副總裁的職位，這使他與原來的同事疏遠了。

amiable

[`emɪəbḷ] a. 和善可親的 People like to hang out with Ruby because of her amiable personality. 大家喜歡跟魯比混在一起，因為她的性格很和善可親。

aerospace

[`erə͵spes] n. 航太 a. 航太工業的 片語 the aerospace industry 航太工業 Over the past 30 years, the government has invested a huge sum of money in developing the aerospace industry. 過去 30 年來，政府投資了大量的錢在發展航太工業上。 The country's aerospace program has made a lot of progress in recent years. 近幾年該國的航太計劃進展神速。

fireproof

[`faɪr͵pruf] a. 防火的 Most of the buildings constructed these days are made with fireproof materials. 現今建造的房子大多使用防火材質。 延伸 bulletproof [`bʊlɪt͵pruf] a. 防彈的 a bulletproof vest 防彈背心

feedback

[`fid͵bæk] n. 反饋，回應，批評指教（不可數） Our company welcomes any feedback from our customers. 本公司歡迎顧客提供任何意見反映。

feasible

[`fizəbḷ] a. 可行的 片語 a feasible plan/idea/suggestion 可行的計劃／想法／建議 economically/technically feasible 經濟上／技術上可行的 The plans for the reconstruction of the town sound quite feasible. 重建該城的計劃聽來相當可行。 It's not economically feasible for this grocery store to be open 24 hours a day. 24 小時營業對這間雜貨店來說不符經濟效益。 用法 It is feasible to V ⋯⋯是可行的 It is feasible + that 子句 ⋯⋯是可行的

fleeting

[`flitɪŋ] a. 瞬間的，短暫的 片語 a fleeting glimpse/visit 驚鴻一瞥／短暫拜訪 a fleeting moment of happiness 短暫的歡樂時光 I caught only a fleeting glimpse of Joan as she walked away. 瓊安離去的時候，我只匆匆看到一眼。

glamorous

[`glæmərəs] a. 有魅力的 Marilyn Monroe was a glamorous movie star. 瑪麗蓮‧夢露是位有魅力的電影明星。

fluid

[`fluɪd] n. 流體 a. 不固定的，不穩定的 For the good of the patient, the doctor suggested that he take only fluids for 3 weeks after the operation. 為了病人好，醫師建議病人在手術過後吃 3 個星期的流質食物。 Tourists were warned against visiting that country because its political situation was still somewhat fluid. 遊客被警告避免至該國旅遊，因為該國的政治局勢仍有些不穩定。 比較 liquid [`lɪkwɪd] n. 液體 gas [gæs] n. 氣體 solid[`sɑlɪd] n. 固體

flutter

[`flʌtɚ] vi. 顫動 The piece of paper fluttered in the breeze. 這張紙在微風中顫動著。 Debbi's eyelids fluttered as if she were waking from her sleep. 黛比的眼簾顫動著，彷彿快要從睡眠中醒過來。

fragile

[`frædʒəl] a. 脆弱的 Please handle these glasses with care. They're fragile. 這些玻璃請小心處理。它們很易碎。

fragment

[`frægmənt] n. 碎片，片段 片語 break into fragments 摔成碎片 - break into pieces a fragment of... 片段的⋯⋯ Susan dropped the glass on the floor, and it broke into fragments. 蘇珊把杯子掉在地上，杯子摔成了碎片。 I happened to hear a fragment of their conversation in the bathroom. 我碰巧聽到他們在廁所的一段對話。

fracture

[`fræktʃɚ] n. 斷裂 vt. 使斷裂，使分裂 片語 fracture one's leg/arm 某人摔斷了腿／手臂 Be careful. This material is prone to fracture when placed under pressure. 小心。這種材料被壓到時很容易破裂。 ＊此處 fracture 是名詞，作介詞 to 的受詞 Vincent slipped in the bathroom while taking a shower and ended up with a hairline fracture in his arm. 文森在浴室洗澡的時候滑倒，結果手臂的骨頭出現一條像髮絲一樣細的裂痕。 Susan fractured her right arm and three ribs when she was thrown from her horse. 蘇珊摔下馬的時候，把右臂和 3 根肋骨摔斷了。 The political party fractured into three smaller groups because of the scandal. 該政黨因為醜聞而分裂成 3 個小團體。

friction

[`frɪkʃən] n. 摩擦（力），衝突 片語 create/cause frictions 造成磨擦、衝突 a source of friction between A and B A 和 B 產生衝突的原因 When you rub your hands together, the friction produces heat. 摩擦雙手時，摩擦力會生熱。 Religious issues caused constant frictions between the two countries. 宗教議題經常造成這兩個國家之間的衝突。 The problem was a source of friction between the two partners. 這個問題是雙方合夥人產生摩擦的起因。

fabulous

[`fæbjələs] a. 很棒的 We had a fabulous dinner last night. 我們昨天晚上吃了很豐盛的一餐。

faction

[`fækʃən] n. （政黨內的）派系 The left-wing faction of the party tried to force the party leader to resign. 該政黨的左翼派系想逼黨主席退位。

faculty

[`fækḷtɪ] n. 教職員，才能（- skill） 片語 a faculty of + 數字 有⋯⋯名教職員 have a faculty for... 有⋯⋯的才能 That school is famous for its competent faculty and sound facilities. 那所學校以堅強的師資陣容和健全的設備聞名。 ＊competent [`kɑmpətənt] a. 有能力的 ＊sound [saʊnd] a. 健全的 ＊facilities [fə`sɪlətɪz] n. 設施 Tom has a great faculty for learning languages easily. 湯姆很有學習語言的天份。 延伸 faculty 表『教職員』時為集合名詞，故使用時不可說： In our school, we have thirty faculties. (×) →In our school, we have a faculty of thirty. (○) - In our school we have thirty faculty members. 我們學校有 30 名教職員。 比較 staff [stæf] n.（全體）職員（集合名詞， 不可數） thirty staffs (×) → a staff of thirty 30 位員工 (○) - thirty staff members

famine

[`fæmɪn] n. 飢荒 The long drought in that country has caused widespread famine. 該國無窮盡的乾旱造成飢荒遍野。 比較 feminine [`fɛmənɪn] a. 女性的

facet

[`fæsɪt] n. 層面 The feature report examines every facet of the education system in the US. 這篇專題報導檢視了美國教育體制的各個層面。

pharmacy

[`fɑrməsɪ] n. 藥局（可數） I have a prescription from my family doctor. Can I have it filled at your pharmacy? 我有一份家庭醫師開的處方箋。我可以在你們藥房裡領藥嗎？

pharmacist

[`fɑrməsɪst] n. 藥劑師 The pharmacist refused to fill the woman's prescription because it had expired. 這位藥劑師拒絕依照該處方箋為這位女子配藥，因為那已經過期了。 用法 醫師『開處方』是 write a prescription；而藥劑師『依處方配藥』則是 fill a prescription。

formulate

[`fɔrmjə͵let] vt. 想出（計劃），制定配方 The manager formulated a marketing plan for the coming year. 經理想出了明年的行銷計劃。 The scientist formulated various ingredients into an effective cold medication. 科學家將幾種不同的成分混合調配出一種有效治療感冒的藥。 ＊medication [͵mɛdɪ`keʃən] n. 藥物

formidable

[`fɔrmɪdəbḷ] a. 可怕的，難對付的 片語 a formidable opponent/task 難對付的對手／工作 The linguists are undertaking the formidable task of compiling a comprehensive English dictionary. 這些語言學家正著手進行一個艱困的工程，他們要彙編一本內容詳盡的英文字典。

fortify

[`fɔrtə͵faɪ] vt. 加強 Workers fortified the castle against attack by building an outer wall. 工人們搭建城堡外牆以加強防禦抵抗攻擊。 Marcus fortified himself against the cold weather with a glass of whisky. 馬克斯喝了杯威士忌禦寒。

forum

[`fɔrəm] n. 論壇 片語 a forum on... 有關⋯⋯的論壇 Thousands of people attended the forum on environmental protection. 上千人出席這場有關環保的論壇。

foster

[`fɔstɚ] vt. 培育，養育 a. 收養的 This meeting's aim is to foster friendly relations between our two companies. 這次會議旨在促進我們兩家公司之間的友好關係。 Judy has fostered three children from Africa during the past five years. 茱蒂過去 5 年來已經收養過 3 位來自非洲的孩童。 A social service agency placed the orphan with a foster family. 社福機構將這名孤兒安置在一個寄養家庭中。 比較 foster 是指『在某段時間內養育某個孩 童，卻沒有成為其法定的父母親』，而 adopt [ə`dɑpt] 則是指『領養某孩童且成 為其法定父母親』。 Maybe you can consider adopting a child. 也許你們可以考慮領養一個孩子。

glassware

[`glæs͵wɛr] n. 玻璃器皿（不可數） At their wedding, Patrick and Rebecca received a full set of glassware. 在婚禮時，派翠克和蕾貝卡收到一整組的玻璃器皿。 延伸 ironware [`aɪɚn͵wɛr] n. 鐵器 silverware [`sɪlvɚ͵wɛr] n. 銀器 software [`sɔft͵wɛr] n. 軟體 hardware[`hɑrd͵wɛr] n. 硬體 ＊以上名詞均為集合名詞，故均不可數。

grocer

[`grosɚ] n. 食品雜貨商 The green grocer's down the street sells the freshest eggs and produce in town. 街尾那家生鮮雜貨店賣的蛋和乳製品是全鎮最新鮮的。 ＊produce [`prodjus] n. 農產品，乳製品 The grocery store is open all year round. 這家雜貨店全年無休營業。 延伸 a grocer's - a grocery store ＊grocery [`grosərɪ] n. 食品雜貨（常用複數） drugstore [`drʌg͵stɔr] n. 藥妝店 比較 wholesaler [`hol͵selɚ] n. 批發商 merchant [`mɝtʃənt] n. 商人；批發商

graphic

[`græfɪk] a. 生動的，寫實的，（電腦）繪圖的 片語 in graphic detail 栩實地，詳盡地 This film described the war in graphic detail. 這部電影栩實地描繪了戰爭場景。 My sister is experienced in graphic design. 我老姊在圖案設計方面很有經驗。

galaxy

[`gæləksɪ] 複數形: galaxies [`gæləksɪz] n. 銀河，一群出色的人 片語 the Galaxy （地球所處的）銀河系 - the Milky Way a galaxy of people 一群出色的人 Present at the charity ball tonight are a galaxy of Hollywood stars. - A galaxy of Hollywood stars are present at the charity ball. 一群好萊塢明星出席了今晚慈善舞會。 ＊ball [bɔl] n. 舞會

ghetto

[`gɛto] 複數形: ghettos（-ghettoes） n. 少數民族居住區，貧民區 Nicholas comes from one of the poorest ghettos in New York. 尼可拉斯來自於紐約其中一個最貧窮的少數民族居住區。

hygiene

[`haɪdʒin] n. 衛生（不可數） 片語 personal hygiene 個人衛生 hygiene standards 衛生標準 Tim's personal hygiene is terrible. He seldom brushes his teeth and never likes to take a shower. 提姆的個人衛生很糟糕。他很少刷牙，也不喜歡洗澡。 Weak food hygiene standards were the main reasons for the restaurant's closure. 差勁的食物衛生標準是這家餐廳關門大吉的主因。

highlight

[`haɪ͵laɪt] n. 最精采的部分 vt. 突顯，強調 Our stay in Paris was certainly the highlight of our trip. 我們在巴黎停留的那段時間絕對是此行最精采的部分。 You should highlight your work experience in the resume. 你應該在履歷表中突顯你的工作經驗。

habitat

[`hæbə͵tæt] n. （動物）棲息地 Wildlife in Taiwan has lost large areas of natural habitat because of urban sprawl. 由於都市計劃蔓生，台灣的野生動物失去了大片的自然棲息地。 ＊sprawl [sprɔl] n. 蔓生

hacker

[`hækɚ] n. 駭客 A hacker got into the computer system and stole some important information from the company. 一名駭客潛入電腦系統偷走了公司若干重要的資料。

hazard

[`hæzɚd] n. 危險，隱憂 That bumpy road is a constant safety hazard. 那條崎嶇不平的道路一直是安全的一大隱憂。 ＊bumpy [`bʌmpɪ] a. 凸起的

hazardous

[`hæzɚdəs] a. 危險的 片語 be hazardous to sth 對某物有害 - be dangerous to sth You should quit smoking because it is hazardous to your health. 你應戒煙，因為抽煙危害健康。 Experts argue that it is hazardous to inhale certain chemical fumes for a long period of time. 專家強烈認為長期吸入某些化學氣體是有害的。 延伸 hazardous waste/chemicals 危險的廢料／化學物質 a hazardous journey/occupation 危險的旅程／危險的職業

hospitable

[`hɑspɪtəbḷ] a. 好客的，怡人的 When I first arrived in America, my aunt was very hospitable and made me feel at home. 我第一次抵達美國時，我阿姨很好客，讓我覺得就跟在家裡一樣。 The weather in this region is very hospitable. 這個地區的天氣非常宜人。 ＊region [`ridʒən] n. 地區

hospitalize

[`hɑspɪtḷ͵aɪz] vt. 使住院治療（通常用被動語態） The wounded soldier was hospitalized for several weeks. 受傷的士兵被送到醫院去治療了好幾個星期。

hormone

[`hɔrmon] n. 荷爾蒙 Symptoms of hormone imbalance in women may be early signs of many things, such as pregnancy or the onset of menopause. 女性體內荷爾蒙不均衡的症狀可能是許多事的前兆，像是懷孕或是更年期的開始。 ＊onset [`ɑn͵sɛt] n. 開始 ＊menopause [`mɛnə͵pɔz] n. 更年期

hemisphere

[`hɛməs͵fɪr] n. （地球）半球 片語 the Northern Hemisphere 北半球 the Southern Hemisphere 南半球 Most penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere. 大部分的企鵝只住在南半球。 ＊penguin [`pɛngwɪn] n. 企鵝

heroin

[`hɛro͵ɪn] n. 海洛英 Schoolchildren are warned to stay away from heroin. 學童被告誡要遠離海洛英。 比較 heroine [`hɛro͵ɪn] n. 女英雄

heritage

[`hɛrətɪdʒ] n. 繼承物，遺產（不可數） Vienna is hosting a classical music festival to celebrate its musical heritage. 維也納目前正舉辦古典音樂季，頌揚其音樂遺產。

hurdle

[`hɝdḷ] n. （賽馬、賽跑）跳欄，障礙 片語 clear/overcome/get over a hurdle 克服障礙 Steven cleared all the hurdles easily and came in first. 史蒂芬輕鬆地跨過了所有的跨欄，得到第一名。 ＊come in first/second 贏得第 1 名／第 2 名（- win first/second place） We have to overcome many hurdles in order to be successful. 為了成功，我們必須克服許多障礙。 延伸 clear a hurdle 成功跨過一個跳欄 the 100-meter hurdles 100 公尺跨欄賽跑

hinder

[`hɪndɚ] vt. 阻礙 The tennis player's promising career is hindered by her arm injury. 這名網球選手被看好的前程因手臂受傷而受到阻撓。

hypocrite

[`hɪpəkrɪt] n. 偽君子 It's a torment to have to associate with a hypocrite who says one thing but does another. 必須結交那種言行不一的偽君子真是一種折磨。 ＊torment [`tɔrmənt] n. 折磨 ＊associate [ə`soʃɪ͵et] vi. 結交（與介詞 with 並用。）

quarrelsome

[`kwɔrəlsəm] a. 好爭吵的 Max became quarrelsome when he got drunk. 麥克斯一喝醉就變得很愛找碴。

hearing

[`hɪrɪŋ] n. 聽力，公聽會 片語 have good/bad hearing 聽力好／壞 be hard of hearing 重聽 My grandfather is hard of hearing, so you'll have to speak louder. 我爺爺重聽，因此你得再大聲點才行。 a public hearing 公聽會（在法院內聽人家講話再做出決定的一種會議） Frank has hearing problems, so I always have to shout at him. 法蘭克有聽力上的毛病，所以我總是得對他吼。 The investigative committee will hold a hearing on this case next Monday. 調查委員會將於下星期一針對此案舉辦一場公聽會。

unify

[`junə͵faɪ] vt. （使）統一，（使）結合 The leader unified the different racial groups and ended the civil war. 這名領導人統合了不同的種族團體，結束了內戰。 ＊civil [`sɪvḷ] a. 國內的 This architecture perfectly unifies Western and Eastern styles. 這棟建築完美地結合了東西方的風格。 ＊architecture [`ɑrkə͵tɛktʃɚ] n. 建築物

utilize

[`jutəl͵aɪz] vt. 利用 Scientists utilize waterfalls to generate electricity. 科學家利用瀑布發電。 ＊generate [`dʒɛnə͵ret] vt. 產生（電）

yearning

[`jɝnɪŋ] n. 渴望，嚮往 片語 have a (burning) yearning for N/to V 對⋯⋯熱切渴望 - have a desire for N/to V - have a craving for N/to V - have a longing for N/to V Rita has a romantic yearning for a career in show business. 瑞塔熱切渴望能從事表演工作。 Maggie has a strong yearning to become a fashion model. 瑪姬極渴望當時裝模特兒。

urine

[`jʊrɪn] n. 尿液 They took the athlete's urine sample for a drug test. 他們取了該運動員的尿液採樣來做毒品檢測。

counterpart

[`kaʊntɚ͵pɑrt] n. 相對應的（人、事、物） 片語 one's counterpart 某人對應的（人、事、物） Our general manager will discuss the agreement with his Japanese counterpart tomorrow. 我們總經理明天將與日方的總經理談論合約事宜。

cater

[`ketɚ] vi. 承辦宴席，迎合（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 cater to... 迎合⋯⋯ Do you know any catering company that can handle my wedding reception? 你知道有什麼外燴公司可以替我承辦婚宴嗎？ This new model of portable DVD players caters to commuters. 這款新型的手提式 DVD 播放器符合通勤者的需要。 ＊commuter [kə`mjutɚ] n. 通勤者

chaos

[`keɑs] n. 混亂 片語 be in chaos 混亂 I spent the whole afternoon tidying up my room because it had been in chaos. 我花了一整個下午整理房間，因為它一直是亂七八糟的。

cumulative

[`kjumjələtɪv `kjumjə͵letɪv] a. 累積的 The cumulative effect of taking too much medicine finally took a heavy toll on Jim's vital organs. 服用過多藥物所累積的影響最終對吉姆的重要器官造成嚴重損害。 ＊take a heavy toll on... 對⋯⋯造成嚴重損害 ＊toll [tol] n. 損失；死傷

closure

[`kloʒɚ] n. 倒閉，終止 There have been two factory closures in the past three weeks due to recession. 因為經濟不景氣，過去 3 個星期已有兩家工廠關閉了。 ＊recession [rɪ`sɛʃən] n. 經濟不景氣 The closure of the Suez Canal will hinder trade for European nations. 蘇伊士運河的關閉將會傷害到歐洲各國的貿易。 ＊hinder [`hɪndɚ] vt. 阻礙

clarity

[`klærətɪ] n. 清楚（不可數） Some people can always assess a situation with great clarity. 有些人總是能以清晰的思路來判斷情況。

clinical

[`klɪnɪkḷ] a. 臨床的 The doctors held a clinical trial to test the drug for side effects. 醫生們進行臨床試驗，測試這種藥物的副作用。 Receiving clinical training is an important part of becoming a doctor. 獲得臨床訓練是成為醫師重要的一環。 延伸 clinical trial/training 臨床試驗／訓練

clearance

[`klɪrəns] n. 清除，空隙，飛機起飛降落許可，正式許可 片語 a clearance sale 清倉大拍賣 clearance for... 飛機起飛降落的許可 security clearance 安全查核權限（查閱文件或進入某地權限） The clearance of illegal structures is a big issue in Taipei. 清除違章建築是台北的一大問題。 The bridge is so narrow that it doesn't provide enough clearance for trucks to cross over it. 這條橋太窄，行使卡車時空隙不夠大而無法通過。 The pilot requested clearance for an emergency landing at the airport. 飛行員要求在機場緊急迫降的許可。

creed

[`krid] n. 教義，信條 片語 people of all races and creeds 各個種族以及宗教信仰的人 "Honesty is the best policy," is a creed I live by. 『誠實是上策』是我賴以做人處事的一個信條。

cruiser

[`kruzɚ] n. 巡洋艦，郵輪 Most cruisers are light and are used for patrolling purposes. 多數的巡洋艦很輕，作巡邏用途。 FBI agents searched the entire cruiser but did not find any evidence of the crime. 聯邦探員搜尋整艘郵輪，但未發現任何罪證。

crucial

[`kruʃəl] a. 決定性的，重要的 片語 be crucial to... 對⋯⋯極為重要 play a crucial role in... 在⋯⋯扮演重要的角色 It is crucial that the doctor (should) perform an immediate operation on the badly injured man. 醫師立即為這名嚴重受傷的人動手術是很重要的。 Your dedication is very crucial to the success of our company. - Your dedication plays a crucial role in the success of our company. 你的奉獻對本公司的成功來說極為重要。

chronic

[`krɑnɪk] a. 慢性的 片語 a chronic disease 慢性病 Kevin has been suffering from chronic arthritis for two years. 凱文罹患慢性關節炎已經兩年了。 ＊arthritis [ɑr`θraɪtɪs] n. 關節炎

credible

[`krɛdəbḷ] a. 可信的 The British Police don't have credible evidence against the suspect. 英國警方找不到可信的證據去定這名嫌犯的罪。 ＊suspect [`sʌspɛkt] n. 嫌犯

crooked

[`krʊkɪd] a. 彎曲的，不正當的 Most streets in this old town are crooked and narrow. 這座老城大部分的街道又彎又窄。 ＊narrow [`næro] a. 狹窄的 Denzel Washington plays a crooked cop in this movie. 丹佐‧華盛頓在這部電影中扮演一名很卑鄙的警察。

crumble

[`krʌmbḷ] vi. 碎裂 片語 crumble away 逐漸裂開 The old bridge started to crumble away after the hurricane. 這座老舊的橋在颶風過後開始逐步崩塌。

query

[`kwɪrɪ] n. 疑問（常與介詞 about 並用） vi. 對⋯⋯表示疑問（與 about 並用） 片語 have a query about... 對⋯⋯有所疑問 Please don't hesitate to call us if you have any queries about the product. 如果您對這項產品有任何疑問，請立刻打電話與我們聯絡。 The public queried about the accuracy of the poll. 民眾對民意調查的正確度表示懷疑。 ＊accuracy [`ækjərəsɪ] n. 準確度

caffeine

[`kæfiɪn] n. 咖啡因 An overdose of caffeine could be lethal. 咖啡因過量可能致命。

calcium

[`kælsɪəm] n. 鈣 片語 be rich in calcium 富含鈣質 Dairy products are rich in calcium, which helps to strengthen our bones and teeth. 乳酪製品富含鈣質，幫助強化我們的骨骼以及牙齒。

cavalry

[`kælvərɪ] n. （騎馬）騎兵，裝甲部隊（集合名詞，不可數） The cavalry attacked the enemy at lightning speed. 裝甲兵以閃電般的速度向敵人進攻。

canvas

[`kænvəs] n. 帆布，油畫（布） I bought a canvas bag for Mary as her birthday present. 我買了一個帆布袋給瑪麗做生日禮物。 The museum has a collection of canvases by Salvador Dali. 博物館收藏了若干薩爾瓦多‧達利的帆布畫作。

capsule

[`kæpsḷ] n. 膠囊，太空艙，座艙 片語 space capsule 太空艙 This bottle of vitamin C supplements contains 200 capsules. 這瓶維他命 C 補充劑含有 200 粒膠囊。 The astronauts spend many hours in machines that simulate space capsules before their actual mission into space. 太空人在實際出任務之前，會先在一個模仿太空艙環境的機器裡待一段時間。 ＊astronaut [`æstrə͵nɔt] n. 太空人 ＊simulate [`sɪmjə͵let] vt. 模擬 比較 pill [pɪl] n. 藥丸；避孕藥 ③ tablet [`tæblɪt] n. 藥片 ③

captive

[`kæptɪv] a. 被俘虜的，被關在籠內的 n. 俘虜 片語 be taken captive 被俘虜 captive animals 關在籠子裡養的動物 Fifteen British sailors were taken captive by Iranian naval officers last week. 上星期有 15 名英國水手被伊朗海軍官員俘虜。 ＊naval [`nevḷ] a. 海軍的 ＊vessel [`vɛsḷ] n. 船艦 Beth cannot bear to see captive animals, so she never visits the zoo. 看到動物被關在籠子裡貝絲會受不了，因此她從未去過動物園。 The pirates took many captives and sold them as slaves. 海盜們抓了許多俘虜當奴隸賣。

caption

[`kæpʃən] n. （圖片下的）文字說明 vt. 加標題於 I just came up with a funny caption for this picture of us at the beach. 我剛想到為這張我們在海邊拍的照片加個有趣的說明。 All the pictures are captioned and dated so that they can be sorted later. 所有的圖片都加了標題與日期，方便日後整理。

characterize

[`kærəktə͵raɪz] vt. 描繪⋯⋯的特性，具有⋯⋯的特色（常用被動語態） 片語 characterize A as B 將 A 歸類為 B be characterized as... 有⋯⋯的特色 Scenes of rural life characterized the painter's early works. 該畫家早期畫作的特徵是農村生活景象。 This dictionary is characterized as being reader friendly and comprehensive. 這本字典具有方便使用與內容豐富的特色。 ＊comprehensive [͵kɑmprɪ`hɛnsɪv] a. 廣泛的，全面的

carol

[`kærəl] n. 頌歌，讚美詩 片語 a Christmas carol 聖誕頌歌 It's our family tradition to sing Christmas carols on Christmas Eve. 聖誕夜唱聖誕頌歌是我們家的傳統。

catcher

[`kætʃɚ] n. 捕手 The baseball coach handed a chest protector to the catcher. 棒球教練把一個護胸交給這名捕手。

cavity

[`kævətɪ] 複數形: cavities [`kævətɪz] n. （牙齒的）蛀洞 片語 have/get a tooth cavity filled 把蛀洞補起來，補蛀牙 You should get that cavity filled as soon as possible. 你應該快去把那顆蛀牙補起來。 延伸 dental/tooth decay 蛀牙的現象 a decayed tooth 一顆蛀牙

casualty

[`kæʒjʊəltɪ] 複數形: casualties [`kæʒjʊəltɪz] n. 傷亡人數（多用複數） 片語 cause/suffer heavy casualties 造成／受到慘重傷亡 road casualties 道路意外傷亡 The suicide bombing at a busy shopping street caused more than 70 casualties. 該起發生在熱鬧的購物街上的自殺炸彈攻擊造成 70 多人傷亡。

columnist

[`kɑləmnɪst] n. 專欄作家 The columnist's witty style (which was) combined with black humor made him extraordinarily popular among readers. 該專欄作家結合黑色幽默的風趣文筆使他大受讀者的歡迎。

complement

[`kɑmpləmənt]/[`kɑmplə͵mɛnt] n. 補足物（與介詞 to 並用） vt. 補足 The new lamps are beautiful complements to the living room. 這些新買的燈很美，與客廳很搭配。 The delicate sauce and the grilled fish complement each other perfectly. 這個可口的醬料和烤魚搭配得好極了。 比較 compliment [`kɑmpləmənt] n. 讚美 & [`kɑmplə͵mɛnt] vt. 讚美（發音和 complement 相同）

compensate

[`kɑmpən͵set] vt. vi. 補償，彌補 片語 compensate sb for sth 補償某人某物 compensate for... 彌補⋯⋯ The authorities promised to compensate the victims of the flood for their injuries and property losses. 當局承諾要補償洪水受災戶的身體損傷及財產損失。 Jessica's hard work compensates for her lack of experience. 潔西卡的努力彌補了她經驗上的不足。

comparable

[`kɑmpərəbḷ] a. 可相比的 片語 be comparable to... 可與⋯⋯相比 A small car is not comparable to a large one for comfort. 在舒適性上，小車是無法與大車相比的。

competence

[`kɑmpətəns] n. 能力（不可數，- competency [`kɑmpətənsɪ]） 片語 competence in sth 在某事方面的能力 Martha has reached a high level of competence in both languages. 瑪莎對這兩種語言的掌控能力已達到相當高的境界。

competent

[`kɑmpətənt] a. 有能力的，勝任的 片語 be competent to V 有能力從事⋯⋯ be competent for sth 能勝任某事 I don't feel competent enough to comment on the director's new movie. 我覺得我的能力不足以為導演的這部新電影作評論。 ＊comment [`kɑmɛnt] vi. 做評論（與 on 並用） I doubt if John is competent for that job. 我懷疑約翰是否勝任那份工作。

commentary

[`kɑmən͵tɛrɪ] n. 評論，系統性的註解，（電視或電台上的）講評（與介詞 on 並用） This commentary on the election is worth reading. 這則選舉評論值得一讀。 I had no idea what the author was trying to say in this poem until I read the commentaries. 在讀過這些註解前，我不知道作者透過這首詩想表示什麼。 The broadcaster is doing a lousy commentary on the ball game. Let's switch to another channel. 該播報員的球賽講評真是有夠爛。我們轉到其他頻道吧。 延伸 a play-by-play commentary（球賽的）現場講評

contractor

[`kɑntræktɚ] n. 承包商 The contractor provides a complete home renovation at a reasonable price. 這家承包商以合理的價格提供完善的房屋修繕服務。 ＊renovation [͵rɛnə`veʃən] n. 更新

controversy

[`kɑntrə͵vɝsɪ] n. 爭議 片語 cause/arouse controversy over about sth 引起關於某事的爭議 The new policy has caused heated controversy over the rights of employees. 這項新政策引起關於員工權利的激烈爭論。 ＊heated [`hitɪd] a. 激烈的

cardinal

[`kɑrdnəl] n. 樞機主教（羅馬天主教會位階最高的神父） a. 重要的，根本的 片語 be of cardinal significance/importance 極為重要 The cardinal released a statement on Monday that explained the reason for his stepping down. 樞機主教在星期一發表一則聲明，解釋他辭職下台的原因。 The case was of cardinal significance to the police. 這個案件對警方來說極為重要。 Washing your hands before eating is a cardinal rule of personal hygiene. 飯前洗手是個人衛生的基本。 ＊hygiene [`haɪdʒin] n. 衛生

conquest

[`kɑŋkwɛst] n. 征服 The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire took about forty years to complete. 西班牙人花了約 40 年的時間才征服印加帝國。

coffin

[`kɔfɪn] n. 棺材，靈柩 The workers dug a hole and lowered the coffin into the grave. 工人們挖了一個坑，然後把棺材放進墓裡。 延伸 cremation [krɪ`meʃən] n. 火葬 hearse [hɝs] n. 靈車

cordial

[`kɔrdʒəl] a. 熱忱的 片語 give sb a cordial welcome 給予某人熱烈歡迎 With cordial hospitality, Mr. and Mrs. Peterson offered me tea and cookies. 彼得森夫婦熱忱地招待我喝茶跟吃餅乾。 ＊hospitality [͵hɑspɪ`tælətɪ] n. 招待

curfew

[`kɝfju] n. 宵禁 片語 impose (a) curfew 實施宵禁 The government will impose a curfew across the country. 政府將在全國實施宵禁。

kernel

[`kɝnḷ] n. 玉米粒，果仁，核心，要點 Corn kernels are sometimes used by farmers to feed livestock. 農夫有時會用玉米粒作為家畜飼料。 ＊livestock [`laɪv͵stɑk] n. 家畜（集合名詞，不可數） The kernel of this article is that capital punishment should be abolished, because it is not effective. 這則文章的要旨就是應該廢除死刑，因為它沒有效果。

kidnap

[`kɪdnæp] vt. 綁架 The gangster kidnapped the daughter of the millionaire and demanded a ransom. 歹徒綁架了這名百萬富翁的女兒並要求贖金。

cultivate

[`kʌltə͵vet] vt. 培養，增進（人際關係），耕種 片語 cultivate good relationships with... 與⋯⋯培養良好的關係 Cindy cultivates her knowledge of art by reading magazines. 辛蒂藉由閱讀雜誌增進她的藝術知識。 The singer has had difficulty cultivating a good relationship with the press. 這名歌手沒辦法跟媒體打好關係。 This farmland is too infertile to cultivate. 這塊農田太貧瘠了，無法耕種。 ＊infertile [ɪn`fɝtḷ] a. 不肥沃的

customary

[`kʌstəm͵ɛrɪ] a. 合乎習俗的，慣常的 In America, it is customary to tip the bellboy after he brings your luggage to your room. 在美國，在門房把行李拖到你房間後給他小費是合乎習俗的。 ＊bellboy [`bɛl͵bɔɪ] n. 飯店大廳的服務生 ＊luggage [`lʌgɪdʒ] n. 行李（不可數） We sat down at the table and were greeted by the waiter's customary smile. 我們在餐桌前坐下，服務生以他慣有的微笑歡迎我們。

coverage

[`kʌvərɪdʒ] n. 新聞報導（不可數），保險項目，涵蓋範圍 片語 news coverage 新聞報導 The news coverage about this young man was strongly biased. 關於這位年輕人的新聞報導嚴重偏頗。 The kidnapping of the celebrity's dogs received extensive media coverage. 這位名人的狗被綁一事佔了許多新聞版面。 My insurance policy provides coverage against fire and theft. 我的保險單提供保險的項目是火災和竊盜險。 This reference book provides a comprehensive coverage of the subject we're talking about. 這本工具書涵蓋我們現在談論題材的所有面向。

covet

[`kʌvɪt] vt. 貪圖 Coveting what other people have will only make your life bitter. 貪圖他人所擁有的東西只會讓你的生活更痛苦。 ＊bitter [`bɪtɚ] a. 痛苦的

likewise

[`laɪk͵waɪz] adv. 同樣地，也 片語 do likewise 照樣地做 The teacher wrote the names of three animals on the board and told the students to do likewise. 老師在黑板上寫了 3 種動物的名字，然後要學生照著做。 I will respect your privacy. Likewise, I hope you will respect mine. 我會尊重你的隱私。同樣的，我也希望你會尊重我的。

liner

[`laɪnɚ] n. 大型郵輪 We went to the harbor to see the gigantic ocean liners arriving and departing. 我們到海港去看巨大的大型郵輪進出港口。

liable

[`laɪəbḷ] a. 有⋯⋯傾向的，可能⋯⋯的 片語 be liable to N/V 可能⋯⋯的 - be prone to N/V These areas near the river are liable to flood. 接近這條河的地區經常淹水。 Jack is liable to get fired if he keeps turning in his work over a week late. 如果傑克繼續遲交工作超過一星期，他有可能會被開除。

layman

[`lemən] n. 門外漢 片語 in layman's terms 用簡單淺顯的語言表達 Lucy asked the doctor to explain her condition in layman's terms. 露西請醫生用淺白的話解釋她的病情。

layout

[`le͵aʊt] n. （裝潢）擺設，（刊物）版面編排 A few more sofas will improve the layout of your living room. 再加上一些沙發的話，你客廳的擺設會更好。 I'm quite satisfied with the new layout for the magazine cover. 新的雜誌封面版面編排很讓我滿意。

liter

[`litɚ] n. 公升（英式拼法為 litre） Doris won the contest by drinking a 2 liter bottle of Coke faster than any other competitor. 桃樂斯比其他參賽者還快喝完一瓶兩公升的可樂而贏得了比賽。 比較 litter [`lɪtɚ] n. 一窩（小豬、小狗等）& vt. & vi. 亂扔（垃圾） a litter of puppies 一窩小狗 My little brother's room is littered with toys. 我小弟的房間被扔得滿地都是玩具。 Mike was fined for littering. 邁可因為亂丟垃圾被罰款。

lunatic

[`lunətɪk] n. 瘋子 The man was labeled a lunatic after being caught collecting people's fingernails. 這名男子被抓到在蒐集人們的手指甲後就被稱作瘋子。 ＊label [`lebḷ] vt. 把⋯⋯稱為

lawsuit

[`lɔ͵sut] n. 訴訟 片語 file a lawsuit against... 對⋯⋯提出訴訟 Local residents filed a lawsuit against the construction company over noise pollution. 當地居民因為噪音污染的緣故，對該建築公司提出告訴。

legendary

[`lɛdʒənd͵ɛrɪ] a. 傳說的，傳奇的 A fairy tale is a legendary story involving some imaginative characters and is often passed down from one generation to the next. 童話故事是包含一些虛幻角色的傳奇故事，通常會代代相傳。 ＊imaginative [ɪ`mædʒənətɪv ɪ`mædʒə͵netɪv] a. 虛構的

lengthy

[`lɛŋθɪ] a. 冗長的 The board of directors finally reached a consensus on the issue after a lengthy discussion. 董事會在冗長的討論後終於針對該議題達成了共識。 ＊consensus [kən`sɛnsəs] n. 共識

liberate

[`lɪbə͵ret] vt. 解放，使自由 片語 liberate sb from sth 將某人從某事中解放 A ten-day trip to Japan temporarily liberated Larry from his daily routine. 10 天的日本行暫時將賴瑞從每天的例行公事裡解放出來。

limousine

[`lɪmə͵zin] n. 加長型豪華禮車（常簡寫成 limo [`lɪmo]） The movie star arrived at the theater in a limousine. 那位電影明星搭加長型豪華禮車抵達電影院。 延伸 chauffeur [`ʃofɚ] n. 禮車司機

lyric

[`lɪrɪk] a. 抒情的（之後接名詞） n. 歌詞（恒用複數） 片語 a lyric poem/poet 抒情詩／詩人 I was moved when I first read this lyric poem. 我第一次讀到這首抒情詩的時候就覺得很感動。 The lyrics of that song remind me of my ex- girlfriend. 那首歌的歌詞使我想起我的前任女友。

literal

[`lɪtərəl] a. 字面上的，逐字的 片語 literal translation 逐字翻譯 - word for word translation - verbatim translation What is the literal meaning of this word? 這個字字面上的意思是什麼？ A literal translation of this poem would ruin its intent. 將這首詩逐字翻譯將會破壞它的本意。 ＊intent [ɪn`tɛnt] n. 意圖

literally

[`lɪtərəlɪ] adv. 照字面地，簡直 Do not translate this article literally. - Do not translate this article word for word. 別照字面翻譯這篇文章。 The auditorium was literally packed with people. 大禮堂簡直人滿為患。

literacy

[`lɪtərəsɪ] n. 識字 片語 the literacy rate 識字率 the illiteracy rate 不識字率 India's literacy rate has shown steady increase over the past few years thanks to a national literacy campaign. 印度由於推行全國識字運動而在過去幾年間的識字率有穩定的提升。

literate

[`lɪtərɪt] a. 識字的 n. 識字者 Increasing the number of literate youth is a top priority for India, which strives to become a developed nation by 2020. 增加識字青年的數量是印度的首要工作，該國努力要在2020 年以前成為已開發國家。 ＊priority [praɪ`ɔrətɪ] n. 優先考慮事項

linguist

[`lɪŋgwɪst] n. 語言學家 The renowned linguist drew in a large crowd with his speech at the conference hall. 這位知名的語言學家吸引了大批民眾前來聆聽他在會議廳的演講。

migrate

[`maɪgret] vi. （鳥類、動物）遷徙 In September, these birds migrate 5,000 miles south to a warmer climate to spend the winter. 9 月時，這些鳥往南遷移 5,000 英里到氣候較暖和的地方過冬。

migrant

[`maɪgrənt] n. 隨季節遷移的動物（或工人） Hawaii used to have a large number of migrant workers, who worked on pineapple and coffee plantations during harvest time. 夏威夷曾有許多流動工人，他們在鳳梨和咖啡莊園收成時前來工作。 ＊plantation [plæn`teʃən] n. 農園，農莊

mouthpiece

[`maʊθ͵pis] n. （樂器）吹口，（電話）收話口，傳聲筒 片語 be a mouthpiece for sb 做某人的傳聲筒 Jim put his mouth to the mouthpiece and began to play the saxophone. 阿金把嘴湊上吹口，開始吹起薩克斯風。 Tim put his hand over the mouthpiece and shouted to Nicole, telling her to stop singing. 提姆把手蓋在電話收話口上，向妮可大吼，要她閉嘴別再唱了。 The newspaper has become the mouthpiece for the political party. 這份報紙已成為該政黨的傳聲筒。

mainstay

[`men͵ste] n. 支柱，靠山 The computer industry is the mainstay of the country's economy. 電腦產業是該國的經濟支柱。

mobilize

[`mobḷ͵aɪz] vt. 動員 The labor union launched a campaign to mobilize support for the strike. 工會發起活動，動員群眾支持本次的罷工。

magnitude

[`mægnə͵tjud] n. 嚴重性 We didn't fully understand the magnitude of the problem until it was too late. 我們直到事情已經無法挽回，才徹底瞭解問題的嚴重性。

manuscript

[`mænjə͵skrɪpt] n. 手稿 The author sent the 400-page manuscript to his publisher. 這位作家將 400 頁的手稿寄給出版社。

mastery

[`mæstərɪ] n. 熟練（不可數） 片語 one's mastery of sth 某人熟練某事 Todd's mastery of Spanish enabled him to get the job. 由於陶德精通西班牙文，所以得到了那份工作。

mattress

[`mætrɪs] n. 床墊 片語 a hard/firm/soft mattress 硬的／穩固的／軟的床墊 You need to use a firm mattress to support your back. 你需要用穩固的床墊支撐你的背部。 比較 mat [mæt] n. 小墊子（可放盤子杯子或置於門口保持鞋底乾淨用）

modernize

[`mɑdɚn͵aɪz] vt. vi. 使現代化 The school administration has decided to modernize all the student dormitories this summer. 學校當局決定在這個夏天將所有學生宿舍現代化。 The government saw the need to modernize after a series of economic breakdowns. 在一連串的經濟挫敗之後，政府體認到現代化的必要。 ＊breakdown [`brek͵daʊn] n. 挫敗，失敗

motto

[`mɑto] n. 座右銘 My motto is, "Where there is a will, there is a way." 我的座右銘是『哪兒有志氣，哪兒就有一條通往成功的道路。』

meditate

[`mɛdə͵tet] vi. 深思熟慮 片語 meditate on/upon sth 深思某事 Donald meditated on which college to apply to on his teacher's advice. 唐納德按照老師的建議仔細考慮要申請哪些大學。 延伸 meditate 亦表『冥想』、『打坐』。 The monk meditates under that tree every morning. 每天早上這位和尚都會在那棵樹下打坐。

mechanism

[`mɛkə͵nɪzəm] n. 機械裝置，制度，辦法，機制 片語 the mechanism for + V-ing 關於做⋯⋯的制度 - the mechanism to V defense/survival mechanism 防禦／生存機制 This watch is equipped with a delicate timing mechanism. 這只手錶配備有精細的計時機械裝置。 Government officials are setting up new mechanisms to help the unemployed. - Government officials are setting up new mechanisms for helping the unemployed. 政府官員正在設法建立新制度來幫助失業民眾。 A feeling of physical pain serves as a natural defense mechanism. 肉體的痛覺是天生的防衛機制。

mellow

[`mɛlo] a. （顏色、聲音）柔和的 Mellow music and dim lighting created a cozy atmosphere at this high-class restaurant. 柔和的音樂和微暗的照明替這家高級餐廳創造出舒適的氛圍。 ＊dim [dɪm] a. 微暗的 ＊lighting [`laɪtɪŋ] n. 照明 ＊cozy [`kozɪ] a. 舒適的

melancholy

[`mɛlən͵kɑlɪ] n. 憂鬱 a. 憂鬱的 After feeling melancholy all day, Ted decided to take himself out to a movie and a nice dinner. 一整天都感到憂鬱後，泰德決定讓自己出去看場電影、吃頓很棒的晚餐。

metaphor

[`mɛtəfɚ/`mɛtəfɔr] n. 隱喻 The author uses magic as a metaphor for power. 這位作者用魔法作為權力的隱喻。

merger

[`mɝdʒɚ] n. 合併 The merger of the two software companies will increase profits for everyone. 這兩家軟體公司的合併將為大家創造更多的利潤。

merchandise

[`mɝtʃən͵daɪz] n. 商品（集合名詞，不可數） This chain store has a wide selection of merchandise on sale to celebrate its 5th anniversary. 這家連鎖商店有很多商品正在特價以慶祝 5 週年慶。 用法 此字為集合名詞，故不可說 a merchandise、two merchandises，而應說 a piece of merchandise（一件商品） two pieces of merchandise（兩件商品） a lot of merchandise（許多商品）

militant

[`mɪlətənt] a. 好戰的，激進的 n. 好鬥者，激進份子 Militant nations often start wars. 好戰國家通常會引發戰爭。 Student militants were demanding political reforms. 學生激進份子要求政治改革。

miller

[`mɪlɚ] n. 磨坊主人 The drunken miller began to tell a story of infidelity. 這位酒醉的磨坊主人開始說起一則關於出軌的故事。 ＊infidelity [͵ɪnfə`dɛlətɪ] n. 出軌，不貞

mimic

[`mɪmɪk] vt. 模仿 We all roared with laughter when Tom mimicked Prof. Usher giving a lecture. 看見湯姆模仿厄許教授講課，我們全都大笑起來。

minimal

[`mɪnəmḷ] a. 最小的 The house survived the fire with only minimal damage. 這棟房子逃過這場火災，只受到極小的損害。

minimize

[`mɪnə͵maɪz] vt. 使降到最低 The medicine the doctor gave you should minimize your pain. 醫生給你的藥應該可以將你的疼痛降至最低。

miniature

[`mɪnɪətʃɚ] a. 小型的 n. 小模型 Sally bought a miniature chair to put in her doll house. 莎麗買了一張小椅子放在她的玩具屋裡。 Mary has made Jane a doll house, with the furniture in miniature. 瑪麗做了一個玩具屋給阿珍，裡頭有小模型家具。

mischievous

[`mɪstʃɪvəs] a. 惡作劇的，頑皮的 片語 a mischievous smile/grin/look 惡作劇的微笑／咧嘴笑／神色 The student looked at the teacher with a mischievous smile. 學生對老師露出了惡作劇的微笑。

missionary

[`mɪʃə͵nɛrɪ] 複數形: missionaries [`mɪʃə͵nɛrɪz] n. 傳教士 a. 傳教士的 片語 a missionary school/hospital 教會學校／醫院 Mother Teresa and her Missionaries of Charity are well known all over the world. 德蕾莎修女和她的仁愛傳教修女會舉世聞名。 Many young members of the Mormon church spend time doing missionary work. 摩門教會的許多年輕成員花費時間從事傳教工作。

nitrogen

[`naɪtrədʒən] n. 氮 Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere. 地球大氣層中大部分的氣體都是氮氣。 ＊abundant [ə`bʌndənt] a. 大量的，充足的

naval

[`nevḷ] a. 海軍的 John spent five months recovering in a naval hospital after he was wounded in battle. 在一場戰役中受傷後，約翰花了 5 個月待在一家海軍醫院休養。 延伸 a naval base 海軍基地 a naval battle 海戰 anavalofficer 海軍軍官 比較 navel [`nevḷ] n. 肚臍（發音與 naval 完全相同）

navel

[`nevḷ] n. 肚臍 The mother carefully cleaned her baby's navel. 媽媽仔細地清理寶寶的肚臍。 比較 naval [`nevḷ] a. 海軍的

neon

[`niɑn] n. 霓虹燈，氖 片語 neon lights/signs 霓虹燈／招牌 The streets of Las Vegas are lit up by so many neon lights at night that it seems as if it were still daylight. 拉斯維加斯的街道在夜晚被許多霓虹燈點亮，使它彷彿還是像白天一般。 ＊daylight [`de͵laɪt] n. 白晝

newly

[`njulɪ] adv. 新近地 The judge ordered a retrial because of the newly discovered evidence. 法官下令重審，因為發現了新的證據。 ＊retrial [ri`traɪəl] n. 重審

newlywed

[`njulɪ͵wɛd] n. 新婚夫妻之一（常用複數） The newlyweds will spend their honeymoon in Hawaii sometime next month. 這對新人將在下個月找時間去夏威夷度蜜月。

nuisance

[`njusəns] n. 討厭的人或物（可數名詞） Puppies are cute, but they can be a nuisance if they aren't trained to behave. 小狗狗很可愛，但若牠們沒有受過訓練就會令人討厭。

neutral

[`njutrəl] a. 中立的 n. （汽車的）空檔 片語 remain/stay neutral 保持中立 put the car in/into neutral 把車打空檔 put your car in/into 1st gear 把車打到 1 檔 put your car in/into 2nd gear 把車打到 2 檔（＊gear [gɪr] n. 齒輪） I didn't take sides during their fight. I tried to remain neutral. 他們爭吵時我沒偏袒任何一方。我試著保持中立。 ＊take sides (with sb) 偏袒（某人） Make sure you put the car in neutral before you start the engine. 你啟動引擎時確定要把車子打到空檔。

nutrient

[`njutrɪənt] n. 養分（可數） Most plants absorb minerals and essential nutrients directly from the soil as they grow. 大部份的植物在成長時，會直接從土壤吸收礦物質和必要的養分。

newscast

[`njuz͵kæst] n. 新聞廣播 Despite the popularity of his newscasts, the TV station fired the anchorman because of the scandal. 不管這位男主播的新聞播報多受歡迎，該電視台還是因為這位男主播的醜聞而把他開除了。

newscaster

[`njuz͵kæstɚ] n. 新聞主播 Newscasters were not always the center of attention in the early years of television news. 在早期的電視新聞中，新聞主播並非都是目光的焦點。

narrative

[`nærətɪv] a. 敘事的 片語 a narrative poem 敘事詩 Jane composed a narrative poem depicting the beauty of nature. 小珍寫了一首敘事詩描繪大自然的美麗。 ＊depict [dɪ`pɪkt] vt. 描繪

naturalist

[`nætʃərəlɪst] n. （常研究動植物的）博物學家，自然主義者 Jane Goodall is one of the best-known naturalists of our time. 珍‧古德是我們這個時代其中一位最知名的博物學家。

nationalism

[`næʃənḷɪzəm] n. 民族／國家主義 A strong sense of nationalism prevailed in Germany under Hitler's rule. 在希特勒領導之下，民族主義盛行於德國。 ＊prevail [prɪ`vel] vi. 流行

norm

[`nɔrm] n. 常態（之前置定冠詞 the），規範（常用複數），平均水準 片語 social norms 社會規範 be below/above the norm 在水準之下／之上 Sending kids to daycare centers is gradually becoming the norm in modern society. 把孩子送到安親班在現代社會已經逐漸變成一種常態。 Social norms are different throughout the world, so it's best to do a little research before traveling. 每一個國家的社會規範都不一樣，所以旅行前最好做點研究。 This student's reading ability is above the norm for her age group. 這個學生的閱讀能力超過她年齡群的標準。

nurture

[`nɝtʃɚ] vt. 養育，培育 n. 養育，培育（不可數） Animals nurtured by their own kind are usually healthier than those raised by humans. 通常由同類撫育長大的動物會比被人類豢養的來得健康。 As a teacher, it is Hank's job to nurture the talents of his young students. 身為老師，漢克的工作就是培育他教的年輕學生成為青年才俊。 Scientists debate how we are affected by nature and nurture. 科學家們展開辯論，探討本能和後天的培育如何影響我們。

nourish

[`nɝɪʃ] vt. 餵養，滋養 Lisa is thin and small because she was not properly nourished as a child. 莉莎會這麼瘦小是因為她小時候沒有被妥善地餵養。

nourishment

[`nɝɪʃmənt] n. 營養（不可數） Breast milk can provide all the basic nourishment a baby needs. 母乳可提供嬰兒所需的基本營養。 比較 nutrition [nju`trɪʃən] n. 營養（不可數） nutrient [`njutrɪənt] n. 養分（可數）

omen

[`omən] n. 徵兆，預兆 A black cat crossing your path used to be considered a bad omen in the West. 在西方，一隻黑貓在你眼前走過曾被認為是不祥的徵兆。 延伸 an omen of bad luck 不祥的徵兆

overhead

[`ovɚ͵hɛd] a. 頭頂上的 adv. 在高空中 Nancy put her carry-on bags in the overhead compartment as soon as she got on the plane. 南西一上飛機就把隨身攜帶的行李放入頭頂置物櫃中。 On his way to work, the witness saw the plane 且ying dangerously low overhead. 在上班途中，目擊者看見飛機危險地從從頭上低空飛過。 延伸 the overhead compartment/bin 機位上方的頭頂置物櫃

pipeline

[`paɪp͵laɪn] n. 管線，輸油管 A few oil pipelines were destroyed by the rebels during the war. 有幾條輸油管在戰爭中被叛軍破壞了。

pious

[`paɪəs] a. 虔誠 Jack is a pious follower of Christianity. He dedicates all his spare time to reading the Bible and praying. 傑克是基督教的虔誠信徒。他把所有空閒時間拿來唸聖經和禱告。

piety

[`paɪətɪ] n. 虔誠（不可數） The core of filial piety is to respect and care for the elderly with affection. 孝道的核心就是用心敬重老年人並關懷他們。 ＊core [kɔr] n. 核心 ＊affection [ə`fɛkʃən] n. 感情 延伸 filial piety [͵fɪljəl `paɪətɪ] 孝道

purity

[`pjʊrətɪ] n. 純淨 A white rose is a symbol of purity, whereas a red rose symbolizes passion. 白玫瑰是純潔的象徵，而紅玫瑰則象徵熱情。

purify

[`pjʊrə͵faɪ] vt. 淨化 The kidneys are the organs that purify the blood and are responsible for producing urine. 腎臟是淨化血液的器官，另外也負責製造尿液。 ＊urine [`jʊrɪn] n. 尿液 John is in charge of water purification for the city. 約翰負責該市的水質淨化工作。

plausible

[`plɔzəbḷ] a. 似乎有理的 片語 a plausible explanation/excuse/story 看似合理的解釋／藉口／說法 Diane's story sounded perfectly plausible, so no one suspected she had lied. 黛安的說法聽來毫無破綻，所以沒有人懷疑她在說謊。

poacher

[`potʃɚ] n. 偷獵者 A small group of poachers was arrested yesterday by police. 昨天有一小群盜獵者被警方逮捕了。

potent

[`potṇt] a. （藥物）強效的 片語 a potent drug 強效藥品 For years, Luke has been taking a potent drug that makes his heart beat regularly. 數年來，路克都得服用強效藥品，以求讓心臟正常跳動。

premium

[`primɪəm] n. 保險費，溢價 a. 高級的 片語 insurance premiums 保險費 be at a premium 稀少而珍貴的 put/place a premium on sth 認為某物很重要 Officials promised that health insurance premiums would not increase this year. 官員保證今年的健保費不會上漲。 Jude paid a premium for that house because of its beautiful view. 因為那棟房子的視野極佳，所以茱德以高於行情的價格收購。 Do you know how much it costs for a gallon of premium gas now? 你知道目前一加崙的高級汽油要價多少嗎？ We should've reserved a room because vacancy is at a premium during high season. 我們應該先訂房的，因為在旅遊旺季時旅館空房一間難求。 Colleges that put a premium on education quality tend to have higher endowments. 注重教育品質的大學容易獲得較多的捐贈金。 ＊endowment [ɪn`daʊmənt] n. 捐贈金

premier

[`primɪɚ] n. 總理，首相 John Barron was sworn in today as our country's twenty-fifth premier. 約翰‧拜倫今天宣誓就職擔任我國第 25 任的總理。 ＊be sworn in as + 職位 被帶領宣誓就任某職位

prostitute

[`prɑstə͵tjut] n. 娼妓 The man forced his two daughters to work as prostitutes to pay off his debts. 這名男子逼迫他兩個女兒去當娼妓以還清他的債務。

prosecute

[`prɑsɪ͵kjut] vt. 起訴 片語 prosecute sb for + N/V-ing 因某事起訴某人 The multinational chain store was prosecuted for exploiting its workers by forcing them to work overtime. 這家跨國連鎖商店因為強迫員工超時工作，而被以剝削勞工罪名起訴。 ＊exploit [ɪk`splɔɪt] vt. 剝削 比較 charge sb with sth 指控某人某罪行 Steve was charged with murder. 史帝夫被指控謀殺罪。

predecessor

[`prɛdɪ͵sɛsɚ] n. 前輩 Rose learned a lot of useful things from her predecessor. 羅絲從她前輩身上學到了很多有用的東西。

prejudice

[`prɛdʒədɪs] n. 偏見 vt. 使有偏見（常以過去分詞作形容詞用） 片語 have a prejudice against... 對⋯⋯有偏見 - be prejudiced against... Some people have a deep prejudice against people of certain races. 某些人對特定的種族存有很深的偏見。 Before anti-discrimination laws were passed, judges were often prejudiced against blacks. 在反種族歧視法通過之前，法官常對黑人存有偏見。 延伸 racial prejudice 種族偏見

preface

[`prɛfɪs] n. 序言，引言 The author says in his preface that he spent four years researching this topic. 作者在引言當中說他花了 4 年的時間研究該主題。 用法 本字與介詞 to 並用 the preface to that book 那本書的序言

precedent

[`prɛsədənt] n. 先例，前例 片語 set a precedent for... 開⋯⋯的先例 The bill set a precedent for human rights legislation. 這個法案開人權立法的先例。

presidency

[`prɛzədənsɪ] n. （總統、公司總裁的）職位、任期 Bill Clinton was nominated for the presidency of the United States. 比爾‧柯林頓被提名競選美國總統之職位。 The unemployment rate remained high during the Bush presidency. 布希在總統任內，失業率一直居高不下。 延伸 the president-elect 已當選但尚未就任的總統

pamphlet

[`pæmflɪt] n. 小冊子 This is a free pamphlet promoting the importance of conserving energy and resources. 這是一本倡導節約能源與資源重要性的免費手冊。 ＊conserve [kən`sɝv] vt. 節約使用 比較 leaflet [`liflɪt] n.（單頁）傳單

paralyze

[`pærə͵laɪz] vt. 使癱瘓（常用於被動語態） The serious car accident left Tommy paralyzed from the neck down. 這場嚴重的車禍使得湯米從脖子以下就癱瘓了。 Because of the blackout, all public facilities were paralyzed. 因為停電，所有的公共設施都癱瘓了。

paramount

[`pærə͵maʊnt] a. 最重要的 片語 be of paramount importance 最重要 Having food and clothing is of paramount importance. 有食物吃有衣服穿是最重要的事。

ponder

[`pɑndɚ] vt. 仔細考慮 Having earned his master's degree from New York University, Charles is now pondering what his next move should be. 查爾斯在紐約大學取得碩士學位後，他現在正仔細考慮下一步該怎麼走。

populate

[`pɑpjə͵let] vt. 居住（常用被動語態） 片語 a densely/sparsely populated city 居住密度高／低的城市 This neighborhood is populated mainly by movie stars. 這個社區居住的主要是電影明星。 Taipei is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. 台北是世界上居住密度最高的城市之一。

parliament

[`pɑrləmənt] n. 國會，英國國會（大寫） The British Parliament consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 英國國會由上議院和下議院組成。 比較 Congress [`kɑŋgrəs] n. 國會（美國）④

posture

[`pɑstʃɚ] n. 姿勢，立場態度 Cindy's poor posture led to her recurring back problems. 辛蒂姿勢不良造成她經常性的背部毛病。 ＊recurring [rɪ`kɝɪŋ] a. 一再復發的 The governor has adopted a progressive posture toward gay marriage. 該州長對同性戀婚姻採取了先進的立場。 ＊adopt [ə`dɑpt] vt. 採取

pension

[`pɛnʃən] n. 退休金，養老金 片語 a pension plan 退休金計劃 the age pension 老年福利津貼，養老金 Once I retire, I'll have to live on my pension. 一旦我退休後，就靠養老金過活了。 The farmer can't draw his pension until he is 60. 這個農夫要到 60 歲才能領取退休金。 Each month, Tom pays six percent of his salary into a pension plan. 湯姆每個月將薪資的 6% 存起來做為退休金。

pesticide

[`pɛstɪ͵saɪd] n. 殺蟲劑 There are many natural alternatives you can use instead of pesticides to keep your vegetable plants healthy. 除了殺蟲劑之外，你還有很多天然的替代方案來維持蔬菜的健康。

spokesperson

[`spoks͵pɝsṇ] n. 發言人 The government spokesperson refused to comment on the matter. 政府發言人拒絕對該事做出評論。

petty

[`pɛtɪ] a. 瑣碎的，不重要的 Purchases like toilet paper are usually paid for out of the petty cash. 諸如衛生紙等物品的採購通常由小額現金支付。 We have wasted too much time on petty issues at the meeting. 我們開會時浪費太多時間在討論瑣碎的議題上了。 延伸 petty cash（公司的）小額現金

pertinent

[`pɝtṇənt] a. 相關的 片語 be pertinent to... 和⋯⋯相關 I only want to hear comments (which are) pertinent to the topic we're dealing with now. - I only want to hear comments pertaining to the topic we're dealing with now. 我只想聽和我們正在討論主題相關的意見。

pigment

[`pɪgmənt] n. 顏料 That artist applied a variety of natural pigments to her paintings. 那位藝術家在她的畫作裡應用了各種天然顏料。

pitcher

[`pɪtʃɚ] n. （棒球）投手，大水壺 片語 a pitcher of water 一水壺的水 The strong boy shows great promise as a baseball pitcher. 這個強壯的男孩大有希望成為一名棒球投手。 A waiter poured water from a pitcher into my glass. 一名服務生把水從水壺中倒進我的杯子。 ＊pour [pɔr] vt. 倒 延伸 batter [`bætɚ] n.（棒球）打擊手 ⑤

punctual

[`pʌŋktʃʊəl] a. 準時的 Jeremy prides himself on always being punctual. 傑若米對於他總是準時而感到自豪。 ＊pride oneself on + N/V-ing 某人對於⋯⋯總是感到自豪

riot

[`raɪət] n. 暴動 vi. 暴動 A riot broke out in that area, but it was soon suppressed by the police. 該區發生暴動，不過很快就被警方鎮壓了。 These people are rioting because of the discrimination they face on a daily basis. 這些人暴動是因為他們每天面對的歧視所引起的。

radiant

[`redɪənt] a. 光芒四射的，容光煥發的 片語 a radiant face 容光煥發的臉龐 be radiant with... 散發出⋯⋯ Angela announced, with a radiant face, that she was engaged to Brad. 安琪拉一臉容光煥發的樣子，宣佈她與布萊德訂婚了。 Mary is going to get married next week, and her face is radiant with happiness. 瑪麗下星期要結婚了，她的臉上洋溢著喜悅之情。

radius

[`redɪəs] n. 半徑，半徑範圍 The radius of this circle is five centimeters. 這個圓形的半徑是 5 公分。 We provide delivery services to people living within a 5-mile radius of our store. 我們提供外送服務給住在本店半徑 5 英里範圍內的民眾。

radiate

[`redɪ͵et] vt. vi. 放射 vt. 渾身散發 片語 radiate sth 散發出某物 - give off sth The sun radiates light and heat. - Light and heat radiate from the sun. 太陽會散發光與熱。 The rock star radiates charm and confidence. 這名搖滾歌手渾身散發魅力與自信。

radiator

[`redɪ͵etɚ] n. 暖氣裝置 Unfortunately, our radiator broke on the coldest day of the year. 不幸地，我們的暖氣在一年中最冷的那一天故障。 延伸 radiator 也可指汽車車頭蓋內的『散熱器』。 Make sure the radiator is filled with water, or the engine will get overheated. 確實要將散熱器裝滿水，否則引擎會過熱。

racism

[`resɪzəm] n. 種族主義，種族歧視 People who believe in racism regard themselves as superior. 篤信種族主義的人會認為自己的族類是優人一等的。 ＊superior [sə`pɪrɪɚ] a. 較優等的 The Holocaust was the tragic outcome of extreme racism. 納粹對猶太人的大屠殺是極度種族歧視的悲劇性結果。 ＊Holocaust [`hɑlə͵kɔst] n. 二次大戰納粹對猶太人的大屠殺 ＊outcome [`aʊt͵kʌm] n. 結果

relay

[`rile]/[rɪ`le] n. 接力賽跑 vt. 轉達 片語 a relay race 接力賽 relay sth to sb 將某事轉達某人 I was told the news first and relayed it to my friends by phone. 我首先被告知這個消息，接著就用電話轉告我朋友。

retail

[`ritel] n. 零售 vt. 零售 Mr. Smith has 10 years' experience in the retail business, which makes him very qualified for the position. 史密斯先生在零售業有 10 年的經驗，因此非常適合這個職位。 This perfume retails at $50 a bottle, but you can buy it here for just $40. 這罐香水零售價是一瓶 50 美元，但在這裡買只要 40 美元。 比較 wholesale [`hol͵sel] n. 批發

refund

[`ri͵fʌnd]/[rɪ`fʌnd] n. 退貨還款 vt. 退還 片語 demand a refund 要求退款 Customers may demand a full refund if they find the products less effective than promised. 假如顧客覺得產品不符效果保証，他們可以要求全額退款。 The travel agency canceled the trip and refunded my money in full. 旅行社取消了行程，把錢全額退還給我。

rotate

[`rotet] vt. vi. （地球）自轉，輪職，輪耕 It takes the Earth 24 hours to rotate once. 地球自轉一周需要 24 小時。 The company's employees rotate their working hours twice a month. 這家公司的員工每個月輪換兩次工作時間。 Farmers agree that rotating crops each year prevents nutrients in soil from being depleted. 農人們同意每年輪耕作物可以避免土壤中的養份消耗殆盡。 ＊deplete [dɪ`plit] vt. 消耗 比較 revolve [rɪ`vɑlv] vi.（地球）公轉 Its takes the Earth 365 days to revolve around the sun. 地球繞太陽公轉一周需要 365 天。

ruby

[`rubɪ] n. 紅寶石 Henry gave Juliet a ruby necklace in celebration of their tenth wedding anniversary. 亨利給了茱莉葉一串紅寶石項鍊，慶祝十週年結婚紀念。 用法 sapphire [`sæfaɪr] n. 藍寶石 emerald [`ɛmərəld] n. 綠寶石

radical

[`rædɪkḷ] a. 激進的，基本的 n. 激進份子，（漢字的）部首 I was surprised at Mark's radical views on politics. 我對於馬克激進的政治理念很驚訝。 During the meeting, some professors pointed out the crucial need for radical changes in the current education system. 會議中，有些教授指出當前的教育體制亟需根本上的改變。 This writer was labeled a left-wing radical. 該作家被歸類為左派激進份子。 You can infer the meaning of the term from its radical. 你可以從該字的部首推斷它的意思。 延伸 radical changes/reforms 徹底的改變／改革

rampant

[`ræmpənt] a. 蔓延的，猖獗的 Starvation was rampant in the area after the war. 戰後這個地區飢餓蔓延。 ＊starvation [stɑr`veʃən] n. 飢餓

chariot

[`tʃærɪət] n. 古代雙輪戰車 Chariots were used by Roman soldiers during battles. 羅馬士兵駕駛二輪戰車參與戰鬥。

random

[`rændəm] a. 任意選擇的，隨機的 n. 隨機 片語 random sampling 隨機取樣 at random 隨機 Political analysts often use random sampling when doing a poll. 政治分析家在做民意測驗時常會使用到隨機取樣。 ＊analyst [`ænḷɪst] n. 分析者 Thirty students were selected at random to take part in the experiment. 這 30 名學生經隨機抽樣選中參與這項實驗。

ransom

[`rænsəm] n. 贖金 The millionaire paid the ransom quickly, but the gangster did not release his daughter. 這名百萬富翁很快地付了贖金，但是歹徒並沒有把他女兒放掉。

ravage

[`rævɪdʒ] vt. 使荒蕪，毀滅 This country was ravaged by war. 戰爭嚴重的破壞了這個國家。

ravages

[`rævɪdʒɪz] n. 大破壞，災難（恆用複數） The cathedral has survived the ravages of two world wars. 這間大教堂歷經了兩次世界大戰的劫難。

rational

[`ræʃənḷ] a. 理性的，合理的 片語 a rational explanation/argument decision 合理的解釋／論點／決定 A rational person will never behave like that. 理智的人絕不會那樣做。 The authorities concerned have yet to find a rational explanation for the accident. 有關當局仍在設法為該起意外找尋合理的解釋。 比較 ration [`ræʃən] n. & vt.（配給的）一份 & vt. 配給 The soldiers were hungry and eagerly got in line to receive their rations. 飢餓的士兵們急切地排隊領取他們的伙食。 We don't have enough food to go around, so we'll have to ration it. 我們的食物不夠分，所以得要採配給的。

royalty

[`rɔɪəltɪ] n. 皇室（集合名詞，不可數） 片語 a member of the royalty 一名皇室成員 Annie discovered that her grandmother was a member of the royalty. 安妮發現她外婆是皇室成員之一。

royalties

[`rɔɪəltɪz] n. 版稅（恆用複數，不可數） 片語 receive royalties on sth 獲得某物的版稅 The author received 5% royalties on each copy sold. 這名作家每賣出一本書都可抽 5% 的版稅。

reconcile

[`rɛkən͵saɪl] vt. 調停，使和解 片語 reconcile A with B 使 A 與 B 調解 be reconciled (with sb) 與（某人）和解 David found it difficult to reconcile his love for writing with the need to support his family. 大衛感到很難調停他對寫作的喜好與扶持家庭的需要。 The two of them were finally reconciled after Bob offered his apology. 在鮑伯提出道歉後，他們兩個終於和解了。

relevant

[`rɛləvənt] a. 有關的（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 be relevant to... 和⋯⋯有關 Do you have any previous relevant experience doing this type of work? 你之前有沒有從事這種工作的相關經驗？ I don't think your questions are directly relevant to our agenda. 我想你的問題與本議程沒有直接的關聯。

relish

[`rɛlɪʃ] vt. 愛好 n. 愛好 片語 with great relish 樂在其中 - with great delight Nicole relished the memory of meeting her favorite rock star in person. 妮可沉浸在與最喜歡的搖滾歌手見面的回憶中。 Sophie read every page of this novel with great relish. 蘇菲閱讀這本小說的每一頁都樂在其中。

render

[`rɛndɚ] vt. 使成為，提供，翻譯 片語 render A into B 將 A 翻譯成 B - translate A into B Thousands of people were rendered homeless by the flood. 這次的水災使上千人無家可歸。 That store renders excellent service to its customers. - That store offers excellent service to its customers. 那家店提供顧客很棒的服務。 David is well trained in rendering English into Chinese. 大衛在英翻中方面受過良好的訓練。 用法 render 可作不完全及物動詞表『使成為』，有以下用法： render sb/sth + 形容詞作受詞補語 使某人／某物變得⋯⋯

rental

[`rɛntḷ] n. 出租，租借的車、房子 片語 a car rental company 租車公司 a rental car 租來的車（- a rental） Our company has been one of the top car rental agencies in town ever since it was founded in 1990. 自從 1990 年創辦以來，我們公司就一直是城裡汽車出租公司的佼佼者。

renaissance

[`rɛnəsɑns rə`nesṇs] n. 興起，文藝復興 片語 the Renaissance 文藝復興時期 Men are becoming more and more interested in fashion, which has encouraged a renaissance in design. 人們對時尚越來越感興趣，因此興起了一股設計風潮。

wrestle

[`rɛsḷ] vi. 與⋯⋯摔角，努力解決（與介詞 with 並用） vt. 用力摔（某人） 片語 wrestle with... 與⋯⋯摔角；努力解決 The two boys wrestled with each other. 這兩名男孩扭打在一起。 Jack spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem. 傑克花了整個週末的時間全力應付這個問題。 The police officer tackled the robber and wrestled him to the ground. 警官擒拿住那名搶匪，並把他摔到地上。 ＊tackle [`tækḷ] vt. 擒抱

rhetoric

[`rɛtərɪk] n. 辭令，空洞不實的言論，修辭學 The mayor's promise to rid the city of corruption was regarded by some commentators as mere political rhetoric. 市長終結該市貪污的承諾被某些評論家認為只是政治性修辭。 Rhetoric is about how to use language effectively. 修辭學是關於如何有效使用言詞。

revenue

[`rɛvənju] n. 歲入，收入 The government has a huge need for tax revenue. 政府有強大的稅收需求。 用法 revenue 表公司收入時，其後加 s 或不加均可，但皆為不可數名詞。

resonance

[`rɛzənəns] n. 共鳴 The resonance of thunder caused by the storm could be heard for miles around. 暴風雨產生的雷聲共鳴在附近幾英里的範圍內都聽得見。

resolute

[`rɛzə͵lut] a. 堅決的（與介詞 in 並用） Max is resolute in his attempt to break the record for the 100-meter dash. 麥克斯堅決試圖打破百米短跑的紀錄。 ＊dash [dæʃ] n. 短跑

reservoir

[`rɛzɚ͵vwɑr] n. 蓄水池，水庫 When the water in the reservoir got too low in 2002, the city began to ration water. 2002 年水庫蓄水量嚴重不足時，全市開始實施配水。 比較 dam [dæm] n. 攔水壩 dam 指的是用來攔阻水流的巨大鋼筋水泥 設施，而 reservoir 則是水流經攔阻之後所形成的水池。

charcoal

[`tʃɑr͵kol] n. 木炭 Food grilled over a charcoal fire has a special flavor. 用木炭烤的食物有種特殊的香味。

rigorous

[`rɪgərəs] a. 苛刻的，嚴格的 Before you are qualified as a lifeguard, you will be given a rigorous training course. 在你成為合格救生員以前，你將接受苛刻的訓練。 This truck didn't pass the rigorous vehicle emissions test. 這部卡車沒通過嚴格的車輛廢氣排放檢測。

ritual

[`rɪtʃʊəl] n. 儀式，例行公事 片語 religious rituals 宗教儀式 The priest performed a ritual of blessing at the altar. 這位牧師在祭壇上進行祈福代禱的儀式。 Reading an English newspaper has become part of my morning ritual. 閱讀英文報紙已經成為我晨間例行公事的一部分。

rhythmic

[`rɪðmɪk] a. 有節奏的 Joy is into music with a heavy and rhythmic beat. 喬伊喜歡聽重節拍的音樂。 ＊be into sth 喜歡／熱衷某事物 The rhythmic ticking of the clock made me feel like falling asleep. 時鐘規律的滴答聲讓我覺得昏昏欲睡。

realism

[`rɪə͵lɪzəm] n. 實際情況，寫實手法 Larry prefers to focus on the realism of their financial situation while his wife considers it to be no big deal. 賴瑞想要就他們財務狀況的實際面來考量，但他老婆覺得事情沒那麼嚴重。 Many moviegoers felt uncomfortable with the gory realism in the director's films. 許多電影觀眾對那位導演影片中血淋淋的寫實手法都覺得很不舒服。 ＊gory [`gɔrɪ] a. 血腥的，恐怖的

siren

[`saɪrən] n. 警報器 When the air raid sirens went off, the teachers instructed all students to take shelter in the school basement. 空襲警報響起時，老師們指導學生前往學校地下室避難。 ＊go off（警報）響起；（炸彈）爆炸 ＊take shelter in... 在⋯⋯避難

soundtrack

[`saʊnd͵træk] n. 電影原聲帶 The soundtrack of Casablanca was very popular. 《北非諜影》的電影原聲帶很受歡迎。

safeguard

[`sef͵gɑrd] vt. 保護，防衛 n. 保護，防衛（皆與介詞 against 並用） 片語 safeguard A against B 保護 A 免受 B 所害 Regular exercise can help you safeguard against chronic illness. 規律運動可幫助你免於慢性病。 ＊chronic [`krɑnɪk] a. 慢性病的 Senator Presley introduced this bill many years ago as a safeguard against domestic violence. 普利司理議員多年前引進這項法案以防止家庭暴力。 ＊domestic [də`mɛstɪk] a. 家庭的；國內的

sequence

[`sikwəns] n. 順序，一連串 片語 a sequence of... 一連串的⋯⋯ in a/an...sequence 按照⋯⋯的順序 out of sequence 不照順序 Those foreign laborers launched a sequence of campaigns against racial discrimination. 那些外籍勞工發起了一連串抗議性別偏頗的運動。 ＊discrimination [dɪ͵skrɪmə`neʃən] n. 歧視 A good business letter should contain information given in a logical sequence. 一封好的商業書信內容陳述應有邏輯順序。 These documents are out of sequence. 這些文件並沒有按照順序排放。

scenic

[`sinɪk] a. 風景的 片語 a scenic spot 景點 I think it's stupid, but some tourists do enjoy carving their names on tree trunks in scenic spots. 某些遊客的確喜歡把自己的名字刻在風景區的樹幹上，我覺得那種作為很愚蠢。

skeptical

[`skɛptɪkḷ] a. 懷疑的（英式拼法為 sceptical） 片語 be skeptical about... 對⋯⋯表示質疑 Economists are highly skeptical about the government's economic reforms. 經濟學家對於政府的經濟改革大表質疑。

slavery

[`slevərɪ] n. 奴隸制度 In the early nineteenth century, many African Americans fled from the South to the North to escape slavery. 19 世紀早期，許多黑人為了躲避奴隸制度而從南方逃向北方。

smallpox

[`smɔl͵pɑks] n. 天花 One of the diseases settlers from Europe brought to the Americans was smallpox, which wiped out huge populations of native peoples. 歐洲移民傳染給美國人的其中一種疾病就是天花，使得美國原住民很多人死亡。 ＊wipe out... 大量殺死⋯⋯ 比較 chicken pox 水痘

smuggle

[`smʌgḷ] vt. 走私 片語 smuggle A into B 把 A 走私到 B smuggle A out of B 把 A 從 B 走私出去 The man was arrested for smuggling drugs into Malaysia. 這名男子因走私毒品到馬來西亞而遭逮捕。 Tim was caught at customs trying to smuggle 30 kilos of heroin out of the country. 提姆在海關被抓到走私 30 公斤的海洛英出國。

smother

[`smʌðɚ] vt. 悶死，悶熄 The murderer smothered the man and then dumped the body into the river. 兇手悶死男子後再將屍體丟入河中。 David tried to smother the fire with a blanket. 大衛試著以毯子將火悶熄。

sodium

[`sodɪəm] n. 鈉 A low sodium diet can help to lower high blood pressure. 低鈉飲食可以幫助降低高血壓。

sociable

[`soʃəbḷ] a. 擅交際的 Kim and Tom are the most sociable couple I know. 小金和湯姆是我認識的人之中，最擅長交際的一對情侶。

socialist

[`soʃəlɪst] n. 社會主義者 a. 社會主義的 My grandfather was a radical socialist throughout all his life. 我祖父終其一生都是個激進的社會主義者。 ＊radical [`rædɪkḷ] a. 激進的 比較 sociologist [͵soʃɪ`ɑlədʒɪst] n. 社會學家

socialism

[`soʃəl͵ɪzəm] n. 社會主義 Socialism is an economic system that aims for an equal distribution of wealth. 社會主義是謀求財富平均分配的一種經濟制度。 用法 capitalism [`kæpətḷ͵ɪzəm] n. 資本主義④ communism [`kɑmjʊ͵nɪzəm] n. 共產主義⑤

socialize

[`soʃə͵laɪz] vi. 與人交際 片語 socialize with sb 與某人交際 John wasn't interested in socializing with other classmates. 約翰對和其他同學交際不感興趣。

spiral

[`spaɪrḷ] n. 螺旋 a. 螺旋的 片語 in a downward/upward spiral 不斷減少／增加 After John retired, his health has been in a downward spiral. 自從約翰退休以後，他的健康情況就一直在下滑。

spacious

[`speʃəs] a. 寬敞的 The living room is spacious and has many French windows to let a lot of sun in. 這個客廳很寬敞，加上又有很多落地窗可以讓陽光照進來。

splendor

[`splɛndɚ] n. 壯麗，光彩 The tourists marveled at the splendor of the palace. 觀光客對這個皇宮的輝煌讚嘆不已。

sponsor

[`spɑnsɚ] n. 贊助人，贊助商 vt. 資助，贊助 Those college students are seeking corporate sponsors to finance their project. 那些大學生正在尋求企業贊助廠商來資助他們的企劃。 ＊corporate [`kɔrpərɪt] a. 公司的 There were few businesses that were willing to sponsor the program. 沒什麼企業願意贊助這項計劃。

speculate

[`spɛkjə͵let] vt. vi. 臆測 片語 speculate about/on sth 對某事加以臆測 speculate + that 子句 臆測⋯⋯ The political analyst refused to speculate about why the finance minister stepped down. 這位政治分析師拒絕臆測財政部長下台的原因。 Some people have speculated that this Hollywood couple will break up within a year. 有些人臆測這對好萊塢情侶一年之內會分手。

spectrum

[`spɛktrəm] 複數形: spectra [`spɛktrə] n. 光譜 片語 the political spectrum 政治光譜 Newton divided the spectrum into seven colors. 牛頓把光譜區分成 7 種顏色。 The purpose of the political spectrum is to show the differences in ideologies. 政治光譜的目的是要顯示出意識型態的差異。 ＊ideology [͵aɪdɪ`ɑlədʒɪ] n. 意識形態

specify

[`spɛsə͵faɪ] vt. 明確說明 片語 be specific about... 明確說明⋯⋯ The contract specifies that the work should be finished by the end of June. 這份合約明確說明了工程應該要在 6 月底以前完工。

stabilize

[`stebḷ͵aɪz] vt. vi. （使）穩固 Many people will join a big demonstration this weekend in protest against the government's failure to stabilize housing prices. 本週末將會有許多人參加一項大規模示威活動，以抗議政府未能穩定房價。 John suffered a heart attack three days ago, but his condition has stabilized now. - John suffered a heart attack three days ago, but he is now in stable condition. 約翰天前心臟病突發，但他的情況現在已經穩定了。

stapler

[`steplɚ] n. 訂書機 We need to buy some more staplers because we are out of office supplies. 我們需要買些訂書機因為辦公室補給量沒了。

staple

[`stepḷ] n. 訂書針，主食 Remember to remove the staples from the papers before you photocopy them. 在影印文件前要記得把釘書針拿起來。 Pasta is the staple of Italian cooking. 義大利麵是義大利菜的主食。

stationary

[`steʃən͵ɛrɪ] a. 固定的 Those stationary bikes are the latest equipment in the gym. 那些固定腳踏車是健身房裡最新的設備。 比較 stationery [`steʃən͵ɛrɪ] n. 文具（集合名詞，不可數）

stationery

[`steʃən͵ɛrɪ] n. 文具（集合名詞，不可數） The shop sells a lot of books, magazines, and imported stationery. 這家店賣很多書 、雜誌以及進口文具。 比較 stationary [`steʃən͵ɛrɪ] a. 固定式的（與 stationery 發音完全相同） a stationary bike（健身房內的）固定式腳踏車

steward

[`stjuwɚd] n. 空中少爺 All airline stewards must go through a special training program before they are allowed to serve on flights. 所有空服員必須經過特殊的訓練之後才能獲許上飛機服務。 比較 stewardess [`stjuwɚdɪs] n. 空中小姐 用法 steward 和 stewardess 表『空服員』是以前的說法，現在都已改稱 flight attendant。

strangle

[`stræŋgḷ] vt. 勒死 The forensic examination showed that the man had been poisoned before he was strangled to death. 法醫檢驗結果發現該名男子在被勒死之前曾遭下毒。 ＊forensic [fə`rɛnsɪk] a. 法庭的；法醫的

static

[`stætɪk] a. 停滯不動的，靜電的 片語 static electricity 靜電 Gold prices have remained static for the past few weeks. 過去幾週以來黃金的價格停滯不前。 Rubbing your feet on the floor can cause a buildup of static electricity. 把腳放在地板上磨擦可以造成靜電增加。

stature

[`stætʃɚ] n. 身高，身材 Most professional basketball players are tall in stature. 大部分的職籃球員身材都很高大。 比較 statue [`stætjʊ] n. 雕像 statute[`stætjʊt] n. 法令

statute

[`stætʃʊt] n. 法規，章程 The new statutes were criticized for violating citizens' right to privacy. 新法規因違反市民隱私權而飽受批評。 According to the union's statutes, employees must have worked in the industry for one year before becoming members. 根據工會章程，員工必須在該行業工作至少一年才能成為工會成員。 比較 statue [`stætʃu] n. 雕像 ③ stature [`stætʃu] n. 身高，身材；地位，水平 ⑥

stimulus

[`stɪmjələs] 複數形: stimuli [`stɪmjə͵laɪ] n. 刺激，激勵（單數） A teacher's praise is the best stimulus for students to keep learning. 老師的讚美是讓學生持續學習的最好鼓勵。 Tourism has acted as a stimulant to the island's economic growth for a long time. 觀光業長久以來刺激著這座小島的經濟成長。 比較 stimulant [`stɪmjələnt] n. 興奮劑；刺激物

stimulate

[`stɪmjə͵let] vt. 刺激，激勵 片語 stimulate sb to V 激勵某人去從事⋯⋯ Congress is considering tax cuts in order to stimulate investment. 國會正在考慮減稅方案以刺激投資。 Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think. 稱職的老師應該要問能夠激勵學生去思考的問題。

sewer

[`suɚ] n. 下水道 片語 a sewer pipe/system 下水道管線／系統 This federal funding will help the community install a new sewer system. 這筆聯邦資金將能幫助該社區安裝新的下水道系統。 ＊install [ɪn`stɔl] vt. 安裝

sewage

[`suɪdʒ] n. （下水道）污水（不可數） The government has imposed a ban on the dumping of raw sewage into the sea. 政府已下令禁止將未經處理的污水倒入海裡。 延伸 raw/untreated sewage 未經處理的污水

sanitary

[`sænə͵tɛrɪ] a. 衛生的 Cholera is a waterborne disease that often appears when sanitary conditions are poor. 霍亂是經水傳染的疾病，經常出現在衛生條件很差的地方。 ＊cholera [`kɑlərə] n. 霍亂 ]＊a waterborne disease 經水傳染的疾病 延伸 a sanitary pad 衛生棉 - a sanitary towel〔英〕 - a sanitary napkin〔美〕

eloquence

[`ɛləkwəns] n. 雄辯，口才 I was impressed by Peter's eloquence during the speech contest. 演講比賽中彼得的口才讓我留下深刻的印象。

sanctuary

[`sæŋktʃʊ͵ɛrɪ] n. 庇護（不可數），避難所（常用單數），保育區 片語 a wildlife sanctuary 野生動物保育區 Women who suffer from domestic violence can find sanctuary at this center. 那些受到家暴的婦女可以在這個中心裡找到庇護。 ＊domestic violence 家庭暴力 ＊domestic [də`mɛstɪk] a. 家庭的；國內的 This church functions as a sanctuary for illegal immigrants. 那間教會為非法移民提供了避難所。 This wildlife sanctuary helps preserve the habitat of wild tigers. 這個野生動物保育區為野生老虎保存棲息地。 ＊habitat [`hæbə͵tæt] n. 棲息區

sanction

[`sæŋkʃən] n. 制裁（恆用複數），正式許可（不可數） vt. 批准 片語 impose sanctions against... 對⋯⋯實施制裁 The council has reached a decision to impose economic sanctions against that country. 議會達成決議要對那個國家實施經濟制裁。 We need to have the board's sanction before we make any investment. 我們必須先得到董事會的許可才能進行任何的投資。 The bank didn't sanction John's loan application because of his poor credit history. 因為約翰的信用記錄不良，銀行未批准他的貸款申請。

sovereign

[`sɑvrɪn] a. 最高統治權的，主權獨立的 In this country, sovereign power lies with the Parliament. 在這個國家，最高統治權落在國會手中。 Vietnam used to be a colony, but now it is a sovereign country. 越南過去是個殖民地，但現在是個主權國家。 延伸 a sovereign nation 主權獨立的國家 sovereignpower 最高統治權

sovereignty

[`sɑvrɪntɪ] n. 統治權，主權（皆不可數） 片語 claim sovereignty over sth 宣稱擁有某物的主權 These actions were interpreted as a threat to national sovereignty. 這些行徑被解讀為對國家統治權的威脅。 Many Native American tribes have claimed sovereignty over parts of the US. 許多印地安部落聲稱他們擁有部分美國土地的主權。

secular

[`sɛkjəlɚ] a. 世俗的，非宗教的 片語 (a) secular education 世俗教育 They sent their child to Sunday school because they felt a secular education was not enough. 他們把孩子送到主日學校，因為他們覺得世俗教育是不夠的。

seminar

[`sɛmə͵nɑr] n. 研討會，講座 片語 a seminar on sth 就某方面舉辦了研討會 Experts from a diverse range of research fields attended the seminar. 這場研討會有各個研究領域的專家出席。

cemetery

[`sɛmə͵tɛrɪ] n. 公墓 Don's parents were buried in the cemetery in which his grandparents were buried. 小唐的雙親和他的祖父母葬在同一座公墓。

census

[`sɛnsəs] n. 人口普查，（官方的）統計調查 There is a national census in that country every ten years. 那個國家每 10 年就作一次全國性的人口普查。 They're taking a traffic census to find how many cars use this road per day. 他們正從事一項交通流量統計調查，以了解每天有多少車輛使用了這條道路。 比較 sensual [`sɛnʃʊəl] a. 感官的 censor [`sɛnsɚ] n.（對出版物或電視電影的）審查員 & vt. 審查

senator

[`sɛnətɚ] n. 參議員 Only three senators voted for the bill. 只有 3 名參議員投票支持該法案。

Senate

[`sɛnɪt] n. （美國）參議院（大寫） Many political observers think the Senate is unlikely to pass the law. 許多政治觀察家認為參議院不太可能通過該法。 比較 the House of Representatives 眾議院 Representative [rɛprɪ`zɛntətɪv] n. 眾議員

setback

[`sɛt͵bæk] n. 挫折（可數） Although Tim has suffered several setbacks in business, he always manages to bounce back. 雖然提姆在事業上屢遭挫折，但他總能設法重新出發。 ＊bounce [baʊns] vi. 彈跳

setup

[`sɛt͵ʌp] n. 裝置，陷阱 This setup is used to make moonshine. 這項裝置是用來製造私酒。 ＊moonshine [`mun͵ʃaɪn] n. 私釀酒（不可數） Hank came to realize that the car accident was a setup, designed to blackmail him. 漢克恍然大悟原來車禍是一場設計來勒索他的騙局。 ＊blackmail [`blæk͵mel] vt. 勒索，敲詐錢財 用法 setup 乃片語動詞 set up（建立；設計陷害）所組成的一個名詞。

sever

[`sɛvɚ] vt. 切斷，斬斷（一段關係） Someone has deliberately severed the phone cable. 有人故意把電話線割斷。 After all these years, Tina still found it hard to completely sever her emotional ties with her ex- boyfriend. 這麼多年過去，蒂娜覺得還是沒辦法徹底斬斷對前男友的縷縷情絲。 比較 severe [sə`vɪr] a. 嚴重的

session

[`sɛʃən] n. 講習會，開會 片語 be in session 開會中 A training session will be held for new employees on October 8. 10 月 8 日將舉辦一場新進員工培訓會。 The city council is now in session. 市議會現在正在開會。

surplus

[`sɝpləs] n. 過剩，盈餘 a. 多餘的 片語 a surplus of... 過剩的⋯⋯ a budget surplus 預算盈餘 a trade surplus 貿易順差（出口多於進口） The company had a surplus of five million dollars last year. 這家公司去年盈餘 5 百萬美金。 The company is forecasting a large budget surplus this year. 該公司預測今年會有很多預算盈餘。 ＊forecast [`fɔr͵kæst] vt. 預測 Nora invested large sums of surplus cash in the bond market. 諾拉把大筆的多餘現金投資在債券市場。

certainty

[`sɝtṇtɪ] n. 確定性（不可數），確定的事（可數） 片語 with certainty 確定地 I can't say with certainty whether or not Susan will come to the party. 我沒有把握蘇珊是否會來參加派對。 The only certainty is that we need more time to evaluate the situation. 唯一確定的一件事是，我們需要更多時間評估情勢。

serving

[`sɝvɪŋ] n. （點心、飯菜的）一人份（- helping） The paella was supposed to be 4 servings, but Rita ate it all by herself. 這道海鮮飯原本應該是 4 人份的，但麗塔一個人把它全吃個精光。 ＊paella [pɑ`eljɑ] n. 以蝦為主食的西班牙海鮮飯

sibling

[`sɪblɪŋ] n. 兄弟姊妹其中一個（可數） How many siblings do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姊妹？ 比較 offspring [`ɔf͵sprɪŋ] n. 子孫（不可數，視作複數名詞）

discretion

[dɪ`skrɛʃən] n. 謹慎，考慮周到 While at work, I often have to use my own discretion in deciding on the right move. 工作時，我對下一步要怎麼做必須謹慎考慮。

signify

[`sɪgnə͵faɪ] vt. 意味著，表明（某人的意圖、目的） This mark signifies that the products have been thoroughly examined for defects. 這個標誌意味這些產品都有被嚴格檢查是否有瑕疵。 Sarah signified her consent with a smile. 莎拉微笑表示同意。 用法 signify + that + S + V 意味著⋯⋯

silicon

[`sɪlɪkən] n. 矽（不可數） Silicon is widely used in the semiconductor industry. 矽在半導體業被廣泛使用。 ＊semiconductor [͵sɛmɪkən`dʌktɚ] n. 半導體

symbolize

[`sɪmbḷ͵aɪz] vt. 象徵，代表 In the Bible, lambs symbolize people and a shepherd symbolizes Jesus. 在聖經裡，小羊代表人民，牧羊人則代表耶穌。 ＊shepherd [`ʃɛpɚd] n. 牧羊人

simplify

[`sɪmplə͵faɪ] vt. 簡化，使簡單 The professor tried to simplify the theory for the younger students. 教授試著將理論簡化，以適應這些年紀較小的學生。

symptom

[`sɪmptəm] n. 症狀 片語 a symptom of... ⋯⋯的症狀 A high fever, (a) sore throat and (a) runny nose are all symptoms of the flu. 發高燒、喉嚨痛以及流鼻水都是流行性感冒的症狀。

simile

[`sɪmə͵lɪ] n. 明喻（使用到如 as 或 like 等字） The line "Jean's skin is as white as snow" contains a simile. 『小珍的皮膚像雪一樣白』這句話中含有明喻。

symmetry

[`sɪmɪtrɪ] n. 對稱 In esthetics, symmetry is one of the most basic rules. 就美學而言，對稱是最基本的原則之一。 ＊esthetics [ɛs 'θɛtɪks] n. 美學

synonym

[`sɪnə͵nɪm] n. 同義字，同義詞 片語 a synonym for/of... ⋯⋯的同義字 Uprising is a synonym for revolution. 『暴動』是『革命』的同義字。

cynical

[`sɪnɪkḷ] a. 懷疑的，挖苦的，憤世嫉俗的 片語 be cynical about... 不相信⋯⋯ The union members were cynical about the management's promises. 工會成員對資方的承諾心存懷疑。 Harry's cynical tone was pretty offensive. 哈利嘲諷的口吻相當得罪人。 ＊offensive [ə`fɛnsɪv] a. 冒犯的，得罪人的

synthesis

[`sɪnθəsɪs] 複數形: syntheses [`sɪnθəsiz] n. 綜合 The Chinese-American author describes his childhood as a synthesis of Western and Eastern values. 這名華裔美籍的作家把他的童年描述成東西方價值觀的綜合。

civilize

[`sɪvə͵laɪz] vt. 使文明 From my grandmother's point of view, everyone should civilize themselves through the arts. 我奶奶認為每個人都應該用藝術教化自己。

civilized

[`sɪvə͵laɪzd] a. 文明的，有教養的 To my dismay, our manager is rude and doesn't know how to communicate with others in a civilized manner. 令我沮喪的是，我們的經理很粗魯，他不知道如何有教養地與人都溝通。 ＊dismay [dɪs`me] n. 沮喪，氣餒

subsequent

[`sʌbsɪ͵kwɛnt] a. 隨後發生的 片語 subsequent to... 在⋯⋯之後（視作片語介詞，相當於after） I wonder what happened subsequent to the accident. 我想知道那起意外之後發生的事。 The mistakes were corrected in a subsequent edition of the dictionary. 字典中的這些錯誤在隨後的版本都更正過來了。

subsequently

[`sʌbsɪ͵kwɛntlɪ] adv. 隨後地 Stanley was arrested and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment. 史丹利被補，隨後被判終身監禁。

suffocate

[`sʌfə͵ket] vt. 使窒息 vi. 窒息 The unpleasant cigarette smoke almost suffocated me. 這令人討厭的煙味讓我快要沒辦法呼吸。 Infants risk suffocating while sleeping on adult mattresses. 嬰兒若睡在成人的床墊上會有窒息的危險。 ＊mattress [`mætrɪs] n. 床墊

supplement

[`sʌplə͵mɛnt]/[`sʌpləmənt] vt. 補充 n. 補充物，副刊 片語 supplement A with B 用 B 補充 A provide a supplement to sth 為某物提供補助 Miranda likes to supplement her diet with vitamin pills. 米蘭達喜歡在飲食裡補充維他命丸。 The money I make from tutoring on weekends provides a supplement to my income. 我週末兼任家教所賺的錢是用來貼補收入所得。 The newspaper publishes a sports supplement on a weekly basis. 這份報紙每星期出版運動副刊。

subtle

[`sʌtḷ] a. 微妙的，細微的 These two pictures look the same at first glance, but there exist subtle differences. 乍看之下這兩張照片似乎一樣，但是仍有細微差異。

tedious

[`tidɪəs] a. 沉悶的 John's job is so tedious that he often falls asleep in the middle of working. 約翰的工作很無聊，因此他常在工作一半時睡著。

tumor

[`tjumɚ] n. 腫瘤 My mind went blank when I heard my uncle was diagnosed with a malignant tumor. 當得知我叔叔被診斷出長了惡性腫瘤時，我腦中一片空白。 ＊diagnose [͵daɪəg`noz] vt. 診斷 ＊be diagnosed with + 疾病 被診斷出得了某疾病 延伸 a benign/malignant tumor 良性／惡性瘤 benign [bɪ`naɪn] a. 良性的 malignant [mə`lɪgnənt] a. 惡性的

traitor

[`tretɚ] n. 叛徒 My friends called me a traitor, simply because I refused to help them cheat on the exam. 我的朋友說我是叛徒，只因為我拒絕幫他們在考試中作弊。 比較 trait [tret] n. 特點，特性 Honesty is John's trait, which is why I trust him. 約翰的特性就是誠實，這也是我信任他的原因。

treason

[`trizṇ] n. 叛國，叛國罪（不可數） These wartime collaborators were arrested and charged with treason following the end of the war. 這些戰時的通敵者在戰後被逮捕並以叛國罪名起訴。 ＊collaborator [kə`læbə͵retɚ] n. 通敵者

trophy

[`trofɪ] 複數形: trophies [`trofɪs] n. 獎盃，戰利品 On the wall, Daniel displayed the trophies he had won in his athletic career. 丹尼爾將他在運動生涯中所獲得的獎盃在牆上展示出來。

truant

[`truənt] n. 逃學者，曠課者（通常與 play 並用） 片語 play truant 〔英〕逃學 - play hooky;;〔美〕（hooky [`hʊkɪ] n. 逃學） - cut class As a child, I often played truant because I didn't like to study. 我小時候經常逃學，因為我不喜歡讀書。

transit

[`trænsɪt] n. 運輸 片語 in transit 運送途中 the mass/public transit system 大眾／公共運輸系統 My brother made an insurance claim for his luggage that was lost in transit. 我哥的行李在運送途中遺失了，所以他去申請了保險理賠。

transcript

[`træn͵skrɪpt] n. 副本，成績單 Mr. Hill had his secretary send him a transcript of the program. 希爾先生請秘書寄一份計畫副本給他。 You can download our official transcript request form on the website. 你可以在這個網站下載正式的成績單申請表格。

tranquil

[`træŋkwɪl] a. 平靜的 Tourists crowded the tranquil seaside village when summer arrived. 當夏季來臨，寧靜的海濱小鎮頓時擠滿了觀光客。

tranquilizer

[`træŋkwɪ͵laɪzɚ] n. 鎮定劑 The huge elephant finally collapsed after it was shot with tranquilizer darts. 這隻巨象被鎮定劑的鏢射中後終於頹然倒下。

tropic

[`trɑpɪk] n. （南、北）回歸線，熱帶（恆用複數） 片語 the tropics 熱帶 The scientist has spent a couple of years researching in the tropics. 這位科學家已在熱帶地區進行了幾年的研究了。

trauma

[`trɔmə] n. （情感的）創傷 It took John a long time to recover from the trauma of his parents' death. 經過很長時間，約翰才從父母雙亡的傷痛中恢復過來。

tremor

[`trɛmɚ] n. （輕微的）地震，震動 We felt a tremor while in the office this morning. 我們今天早上在辦公室感覺到一陣輕微的地震。 There was a tremor of fear in her voice. 她的聲音因為恐懼而微微顫動。

trespass

[`trɛspəs] vi. 擅闖 n. 擅闖 片語 trespass on/upon... 打擾／擅自闖入⋯⋯ I think we'd better leave now. We're trespassing on private land. 我覺得我們最好趕快離開。我們在擅闖私人土地。 Certain areas of the castle are off-limits to tourists. Violators will be arrested for trespassing. 這座城堡有些地方是禁止觀光客進入的。違規的人會被以擅闖罪名逮捕。 ＊off-limits [͵ɔf`lɪmɪts] a. 禁止進入的 延伸 No Trespassing 禁止進入（標示用語）

trigger

[`trɪgɚ] vt. 引發（常與 off 並用） n. 扳機 片語 pull the trigger 扣動扳機 The dust in the air triggered David's allergy. 空氣中的灰塵引發大衛過敏。 The assassination of the president triggered off a wave of rioting throughout the country. 總統被暗殺引發了全國性的暴動潮。 ＊assassination [ə͵sæsə`neʃən] n. 暗殺 The thief threatened that he'd pull the trigger if the cashier didn't give him the money. 竊賊威脅出納員，要是她不拿出錢來他就要扣動扳機。 ＊cashier [kæ`ʃɪr] n. 出納員

trivial

[`trɪvɪəl] a. 瑣碎的，不重要的 I don't know why Joe got so upset about something trivial. 我不知阿喬為何對某件瑣事感到心煩。

twilight

[`twaɪ͵laɪt] n. 黃昏，微光 We were enchanted by the city at twilight as we walked. 我們散步時，城市黃昏時分的景象把我們迷住了。

tactic

[`tæktɪk] n. 策略，戰術 The manager uses psychological tactics in her advertising campaigns. 經理在廣告活動中使用了心理學的策略。 The general's tactics helped him capture the city without the loss of a single life. 這位將軍的戰術使他不費一兵一卒就攻下這座城市。

tactical

[`tæktɪkḷ] a. 策略上的 The company has made a tactical decision to move its production line to Mexico. 該公司做出了策略上的決定，要將生產線移到墨西哥。

tariff

[`tærɪf] n. 關稅 The U.S. is planning to impose higher tariffs on imported goods. 美國正計劃對進口貨物課徵更高的關稅。 延伸 tariff 指對進出口貨物所課徵的關稅，是稅（tax [tæks]）的其中一種。

topple

[`tɑpḷ] vt. vi. 推翻，顛覆 片語 topple over 倒塌；倒下 A bad business decision could topple the whole company. 一次錯誤的商業決策可以讓整間公司垮台。 The tree was cut in two and began to topple over. 樹被砍成兩半並開始倒塌。

textile

[`tɛkstaɪl] a. 紡織的 n. 紡織品 片語 the textile industry 紡織業 Textile exports increased by nearly 30 percent last year. 去年的紡織出口量成長了將近 3 成。 Indonesia's textile industry is facing many new challenges. 印尼的紡織業正面臨許多新的挑戰。

texture

[`tɛkstʃɚ] n. （料子、紡織物的）質地，觸感 片語 smooth/soft/rough texture 光滑／柔軟／粗糙的觸感 This scarf is made of 100 percent cashmere and has a very smooth texture. 這條圍巾是百分之百喀什米爾毛料做成，觸感非常柔軟。 ＊cashmere [`kæʃmɪr] n. 喀什米爾羊毛絨（一種高級針織毛料）

temperament

[`tɛmprəmənt] n. 人格特質 片語 by temperament 性格上 - by nature By temperament, Alex is very different from Dick. 愛力克斯跟迪克性格上大不相同。 I get along with Joe very well because we have similar temperaments. 我跟阿周處得很好，因為我們性格很接近。 延伸 a fiery/nervous/artistic temperament 火爆的／緊張的／藝術的性格（＊fiery [`faɪərɪ] a. 火一般的，激烈的）

tempest

[`tɛmpɪst] n. 暴風雨，暴風雪 The government reminded the citizens to prepare for the violent tempest. 政府提醒民眾要做好準備，以防範強烈的暴風雨。

turmoil

[`tɝmɔɪl] n. 騷動，混亂 片語 be in turmoil 陷入混亂 throw...into turmoil/chaos 使⋯⋯陷入混亂 Six robberies in one night threw the village into turmoil/chaos. 一夜之間 6 次的搶劫使該村莊陷入混亂。 Jack was in turmoil when Jenny broke off their engagement. 珍妮解除婚約時，傑克整個人都亂了。

terminate

[`tɝmə͵net] vt. 中止 We decided to terminate the singer's contract because of his involvement in the scandal. 因為這件醜聞，我們決定中止與這名歌手的合約。

charitable

[`tʃærətəbḷ] a. 慈善的 The charitable foundation is raising money for victims of the earthquake. 該慈善基金會目前正為地震受災戶募捐。

vibrate

[`vaɪbret] vt. 使震動 vi. 震動 The explosion two miles away vibrated the windows of my house. 兩英里外的爆炸震動了我家的窗戶。 The guitar string vibrates when it is plucked. 吉他的弦一撥就會震動。 ＊pluck [plʌk] vt. 撥（弦）

vocal

[`vokḷ] a. 歌唱的，口頭的 Which do you prefer, vocal or instrumental music? 聲樂跟純演奏音樂，你喜歡哪種？ A vocal warning is not enough to make those naughty students behave themselves. 口頭警告是不夠讓那些頑皮的學生們守規矩的。

vaccine

[`væksin væk`sin] n. 疫苗 No effective vaccine has yet been developed for HIV. 目前尚未培育出對抗愛滋病病毒的疫苗。 ＊HIV 愛滋病病毒（是 Human Immunodeficiency Virus的縮寫）

valiant

[`væljənt] a. 英勇的 The valiant firefighter rushed into the burning house to save those children（who were）stuck inside. 勇敢的消防員衝進失火的屋子搶救那些困在裡頭的孩子。

valid

[`vælɪd] a. 有效力的，令人信服的 This train ticket is valid for three days. 這張火車票 3 天內有效。 The manager had valid reasons for thinking that the plan was not workable. 經理有令人信服的理由來解釋為何他認為該計畫不可行。 ＊workable [`wɝkəbḷ] a. 可行的 延伸 a valid credit card 有效的信用卡 a valid argument/reason 令人信服的論點／理由

vomit

[`vɑmɪt] vi. 嘔吐 I was so ill last week that whenever I tried to eat, I vomited. - I was so ill last week that whenever I tried to eat, I threw up. - I was so ill last week that whenever I tried to eat, I puked. 我上禮拜病得很厲害，不管吃什麼都會吐出來。

vendor

[`vɛndɚ] n. 小販 On Saturday nights, this famous night market is always crowded with vendors and shoppers. 每逢星期六夜晚，那個知名夜市總是擠滿了攤販和購物者。 比較 peddler [`pɛdlɚ] n. 沿街叫賣的小販

verify

[`vɛrə͵faɪ] vt. 證實，確認 Unfortunately, there was no witness to verify the suspect's statement. 不幸地，沒有任何證人可以證明這名嫌疑犯的說詞。 Please verify that there is sufficient memory available before you download any software. 你下載任何軟體前要確認你有足夠的記憶體。

veteran

[`vɛtərən] n. 退伍軍人 Jason is a veteran of the Vietnam War. 傑森是位在越戰服役過的退伍軍人。 比較 veterinarian [͵vɛtərə`nɛrɪən] n. 獸醫（簡稱 vet）

versatile

[`vɝsətḷ] a. 多才多藝的 John is very versatile; he is a painter, a musician, an engineer and a scientist. 約翰非常多才多藝，他同時是個畫家、音樂家、工程師和科學家。

virtual

[`vɝtʃʊəl] a. 幾乎的，虛擬的 片語 a virtual impossibility 幾乎是不可能的事 It's a virtual impossibility to V ⋯⋯幾乎是不可能的 - It's almost impossible to V It's a virtual impossibility to find a place to park in Taipei. 要在台北找到停車的地方幾乎是件不可能的事。 The website offers you a chance to take a virtual tour of outer space. 這個網站讓你有機會踏上虛擬的外太空之旅。 延伸 virtual reality 虛擬實境

virtually

[`vɝtʃʊəlɪ] adv. 幾乎地 Virtually all of the union members favored the decision. - Nearly all of the union members favored the decision. - Almost all of the union members favored the decision. - Practically all of the union members favored the decision. 幾乎所有的工會成員都贊同這項決定。 用法 使用上列字時，之後須與 all、every、any、 no 等 4 個涵蓋性完全的形容詞並用。

victimize

[`vɪktɪ͵maɪz] vt. 使犧牲，使痛苦 The tyrant that victimized the people was finally overthrown. 迫害人民的暴君終於被推翻了。 ＊tyrant [`taɪrənt] n. 暴君 ＊overthrow [͵ovɚ`θro] vt. 推翻（三態為：overthrow, overthrew [͵ovɚ`θru] , overthrown [͵ovɚ`θron]。）

vicious

[`vɪʃəs] a. 殘忍的，惡毒的 片語 a vicious attack 殘忍的攻擊 - a brutal attack（＊brutal [`brutḷ] a. 殘忍的） a vicious circle 惡性循環 The vicious killing of the infant by its mother shocked the whole nation. 這名母親殺死嬰兒的殘忍行徑讓全國大為震驚。

visualize

[`vɪʒʊə͵laɪz] vt. 想像 Visualize yourself strolling on the white sand beach with your wife and kids. 想像你自己正和老婆小孩在白色的沙灘上漫步。

vulgar

[`vʌlgɚ] a. 粗俗的 片語 vulgar language 粗俗的／語言（language 在此為不可數名詞） Our teacher warned us that it's impolite to use vulgar language in public. 老師警告我們在公共場合使用粗鄙的語言和髒話是沒有禮貌的。

vulnerable

[`vʌlnərəbḷ] a. 脆弱的，（生理或心理）易受傷的 片語 be vulnerable to sth 易受某事物的攻擊或傷害 - be susceptible to sth Judy looked rather vulnerable standing in the corner on her own. 茱蒂獨自一人站在角落裡，看來非常脆弱。 Dorothy's behavior left her vulnerable to her schoolmates' attacks. 桃樂絲的行為讓她飽受學校同學的攻擊。 Newborn infants are particularly vulnerable to the flu. 初生的嬰兒特別容易被傳染感冒。 ＊infant [`ɪnfənt] n. 嬰兒

wardrobe

[`wɔrd͵rob] n. 衣櫃〔英〕，衣物（集合名詞，不可數） 片語 summer/winter wardrobe 夏季／冬季衣物 My grandmother kept old coats and blankets in a giant oak wardrobe. 祖母把舊的外套和毯子收在一個巨大的橡木衣櫥裡。 I feel that my winter wardrobe is somewhat lacking in style. 我覺得我冬天的衣物款式不太流行。 ＊be lacking in... 缺乏⋯⋯

warrant

[`wɔrənt] n. 授權令 片語 a search warrant 搜查令 an arrest warrant 逮捕令 The judge issued an arrest warrant for the boxer after he failed to show up in court for the murder case. 該拳擊手未出席謀殺案的開庭審理後，法官發佈了一張逮捕令。

warranty

[`wɔrəntɪ] n. 保證書 片語 be under warranty 在保固期內 - be under guarantee You seem to have endless problems with this car. Is it still under warranty? 你這輛車似乎有說不完的問題。它還在保固期內嗎？

warfare

[`wɔr͵fɛr] n. 戰爭，交戰狀態（不可數） 片語 chemical warfare 生化戰 germ warfare 細菌戰 They're trying to prevent the situation from erupting into open warfare. 他們正設法防止這個情勢爆發成公開的戰事。

warship

[`wɔr͵ʃɪp] n. 軍艦 The warship was badly bombarded during its mission. 這艘軍艦出任務時遭到猛烈轟炸。 比較 worship [`wɝʃɪp] vt. 崇拜（三態為 worshipped, worshiped/worshipped, worshipped）

waterproof

[`wɔtɚ͵pruf] a. 防水的 I can swim with my watch on because it is waterproof. 我可以戴著手錶游泳，因為那是防水的。 比較 water-resistant [`wɔtɚrɪ͵zɪstənt] a. 抗水的

windshield

[`wɪnd͵ʃild] n. （汽車）擋風玻璃 片語 windshield wiper 雨刷 The windshield is dirty and it definitely needs to be washed. - The windshield is dirty and it definitely needs washing. 這塊擋風玻璃實在太髒了，絕對需要好好清洗。

witty

[`wɪtɪ] a. 機智的，風趣的 We were all entertained by Raymond's witty remarks over dinner. 用餐時大家都因為雷蒙風趣的談吐而感到十分愉快。

Xerox

[`zɪrɑks] vt. 以靜電複印法複印 n. 全錄牌影印機（商標名） 片語 Xerox machine 複印機 - photocopier [`fotə͵kɑpɪɚ] I'm going to xerox a few copies of this brochure for the meeting in the afternoon. 我要去影印幾份小冊子以便下午的會議上使用。 A thief broke into the office last night but only stole one Xerox machine. 昨夜一個小偷闖進這間辦公室，但卻只偷走了一台影印機。

abstract

[`æbstrækt] a. 抽象的 What you said sounds too abstract. I really can't understand that. 你剛剛的話聽起來太抽象了，我實在聽不懂。

advocate

[`ædvə͵ket]/[`ædvəkɪt] vt. 提倡 n. 支持者，擁護者 片語 advocate + N/V-ing 主張⋯⋯ an advocate of sth 某事的支持者 The mayor advocates building more libraries and schools. 市長主張多蓋圖書館和學校。 The most prominent advocate of this theory is Dr. Andrews. 這項理論最著名的支持者是安德魯斯博士。 ＊prominent [`prɑmənənt] a. 著名的

aftermath

[`æftɚ͵mæθ] n. 災難發生後的一段時間 片語 in the aftermath of... 在（災難）發生之後 In the aftermath of the war, many people were left homeless. 戰爭過後，許多人無家可歸。

aggregate

[`ægrɪ͵get]/[`ægrɪgɪt] vt. vi. 聚集，總計 n. 總數 a. 總共的 片語 an aggregate of... 總共⋯⋯ Help me aggregate all the information we need for this project. 幫我把這個計畫所需的所有資訊都收集在一起。 All of Cindy's freelance earnings aggregated NT$120,000. 欣蒂全部自由接稿的稿費總計有 12 萬新台幣。 ＊freelance [`fri`læns] a. 自由接稿的 The four other candidates gained an aggregate of 35% of the votes. 其他四位候選人的總得票率為 35%。 The aggregate turnover of our company amounted to 1 million dollars last year. 本公司去年的總營業額達到 1 百萬美元。 ＊turnover [`tɝn͵ovɚ] n. 營業額

activist

[`æktəvɪst] n. 激進份子 The animal rights activists protested against the killing of stray animals . 動物權益份子抗議撲殺流浪動物的行為。 ＊stray [stre] a. 流浪的 ＊a stray dog/cat 流浪狗／貓

allocate

[`ælə͵ket] vt. 撥出（經費），配給，分配 片語 allocate sth to sb 將某物分配給某人 The government has allocated US$50,000 to Dr. Nicolas for his research. 政府撥出 50,000 美元的經費給尼可拉斯博士，以資助他的研究。 Dozens of hobos lined up in front of the refuge, waiting to be allocated food. 幾十位遊民在收容所外排隊，等候食物配給。

ambush

[`æmbʊʃ] n. 埋伏突襲 片語 lie/wait in ambush 等候埋伏 A group of 20 international aid workers were killed in a terrorist ambush. 一群共 20 名的國際救援人員在恐怖份子的埋伏突襲中喪生。 The militia was lying in ambush behind the trees, waiting for the ambassador's car to pass by. 民兵部隊埋伏在樹後面，等待大使的車開過去。 ＊militia [mɪ`lɪʃə] n. 民兵部隊

amplify

[`æmplə͵faɪ] vt. 增強（聲音），詳述 This device is used to amplify the sound. 這個裝置是被用來擴大聲音的。 Could you please amplify your point for us? 可以請您為我們詳述您的論點嗎？

antonym

[`æntə͵nɪm] n. 反義字，反義詞 Strong and weak are antonyms. 『強壯』和『虛弱』是反義字。

antibody

[`æntɪ͵bɑdɪ] n. 抗體 The antibodies in breast milk protect infants from a wide variety of illnesses. 母乳中的抗體可幫助新生兒對抗許多種類的疾病。

antidote

[`æntɪ͵dot] n. 解毒藥（與介詞 to 並用），克服的方法 There is no known antidote to wasp venom. 大黃蜂的毒液並沒有解藥。 ＊wasp [wɑsp] n. 大黃蜂 ＊venom [`vɛnəm] n.（蜜蜂、蛇等的）毒液 Regular exercise is a great antidote for those who suffer from stress and depression. 規律的運動是克服壓力和憂鬱的有效良方。

animate

[`ænəmɪt]/[`ænə͵met] a. 會動的，活的 vt. 使活動起來 The puppet master animated his puppet with extraordinary skill, making it look like an animate being, while minutes ago it was just a lifeless, inanimate object. 人偶師以高超技巧使人偶活動起來，讓它看起來像是有生命的生物，而不過幾分鐘前，它還只是個既無生命又不會動的物體。

analects

[`ænə͵lɛkts] n. 文選，談話集（恆用複數） The Analects of Confucius have had a long-lasting influence on Chinese culture. 《論語》的內容對中國文化有深遠的影響。 延伸 the Analects of Confucius 論語

anecdote

[`ænɪk͵dot] n. 軼事，趣聞 Uncle Josh told me many amusing anecdotes about his life as a sailor. 賈許大叔告訴我許多關於他當水手時發生的趣聞。

analyst

[`ænḷɪst] n. 分析師 Mike works as a financial analyst in a multinational corporation. 邁可在一家跨國企業裡擔任財經分析師的工作。 ＊multinational [͵mʌltɪ`neʃənḷ] a. 跨國的，多國的

applicable

[`æplɪkəbḷ] a. 適用的（常與介詞 to 並用） 片語 be applicable to sth 適用於某事物 This section of the form is only applicable to foreigners residing in India. 表格的這部分只適用於定居於印度的外國人。

aptitude

[`æptə͵tjud] n. 性向，資質 片語 have an aptitude for... 有⋯⋯的才能／性向 an aptitude test 性向測驗 My daughter has an aptitude for music, so I'll send her to some music classes. 我女兒有音樂方面的天賦傾向，所以我將送她去上音樂課。

arrogance

[`ærəgəns] n. 傲慢（不可數） John's arrogance led him to believe he could win the race without practicing beforehand. 約翰的傲慢讓他相信，他可以不用事先練習就能贏得這場比賽。

arrogant

[`ærəgənt] a. 傲慢的 The arrogant young man shows no respect for the senior colleagues of the company. 那個傲慢的年輕人對公司的資深同事不尊重。

attic

[`ætɪk] n. 閣樓 片語 an attic bedroom 閣樓臥房 Old furniture and boxes of toys were stacked in the attic. 老家具跟裝滿玩具的箱子被堆放在閣樓。

asthma

[`æzmə] n. 氣喘 Tom had a severe asthma attack in the middle of the test. 湯姆考試考到一半時突然氣喘病發。 延伸 an asthmatic patient 氣喘病患

option

[`ɑpʃən] n. 選擇 片語 have no option but to V 除了⋯⋯之外別無選擇 - have no choice but to V - have no alternative but to V Because of the rising flood waters, we had no option but to evacuate our home and head for higher ground. 由於洪水水位持續升高，我們除了離開家園前往地勢較高之處以外別無選擇。

optional

[`ɑpʃənḷ] a. 可選擇的，選修的 Some of the following courses are compulsory, while others are optional. 下列課程有一些是必修的，而其他則是選修的。

offering

[`ɔfərɪŋ] n. （教會收的）金錢奉獻 It's every Christian's obligation to give a tenth of their income as an offering to God. 每位基督徒都有義務把他們收入的 10 分之 1 奉獻給神。

offspring

[`ɔf͵sprɪŋ] n. 後代，子孫（視為複數，不可數） The old couple didn't have any offspring. 這對老夫婦沒有任何子孫。 For the well-being of our offspring, we must do the best we can to protect our environment. 為了子孫的福祉，我們應盡力保護我們的環境。

auction

[`ɔkʃən] n. 拍賣 vt. 拍賣 片語 at the auction 在拍賣會上 This famous painting by Picasso was sold for 4.4 million dollars at the auction. 畢卡索這幅知名油畫在拍賣會上以 4 百 40 萬美元賣出。 The costumes from that famous movie were auctioned to raise money for charity. 那部知名電影裡的服裝被拿去拍賣，為慈善機構募款。 ＊costume [`kɑstjum] n. 服裝 ＊charity [`tʃærətɪ] n. 慈善機構

alternate

[`ɔltɚ͵net]/[`ɔltɚnɪt] vt. vi. 交替，輪流，改變 a. 間隔的，交替的 片語 alternate A with B 時而 A 時而 B - alternate between A and B on alternate Mondays/weekends 隔週週一／週末 Peter alternated working here with doing research abroad. 彼得時而在這裡工作，時而出國考察。 Mary waited outside the ICU, her mood alternating between joy and despair. 瑪莉在加護病房外等待，她的心情在欣喜與絕望間擺盪。 ＊ICU 加護病房（是intensive care unit 的縮寫） I visit my grandmother on alternate weekends. 我隔週的週末都會去看我外婆。

orderly

[`ɔrdɚlɪ] a. 整齊的，守秩序的 片語 in an orderly fashion 以守秩序的方式 - in an orderly way The children formed an orderly line before they went into the museum. 這些孩童進入博物館前先排成整齊的一排。 In the event of an emergency, please proceed to the nearest exit in an orderly fashion. 萬一發生緊急事件，請以守秩序的方式前往最靠近的出口。 ＊in the event of... 萬一發生⋯⋯（- in case of...） ＊proceed [prə`sid] vi. 繼續進行；沿特定路線前進

organism

[`ɔrgən͵ɪzəm] n. 有機體 Scientists have to study the minute organisms in the polluted river to understand the cause of its pollution. 科學家必須研究這條受污染河流當中的微生物，以了解污染的原因。 ＊minute [maɪ`njut] a. 微小的

autograph

[`ɔtə͵græf] n. （尤指名人的）親筆簽名 The little boy asked that famous basketball player for his autograph. 小男孩向那位有名的籃球員要簽名。 比較 signature [`sɪgnətʃɚ] n.（簽在公文上的）簽名，簽署 ④ Once you've put your signature on the dotted line, the house is yours. 你一旦在虛線處簽上名字，這棟房子就是你的了。 ＊a dotted line（尤指文件上簽名處的）虛線

ointment

[`ɔɪntmənt] n. 藥膏（不可數） 片語 apply ointment to... 把藥膏塗在⋯⋯上面 Apply this ointment to the infected area of your body three times a day. 將此藥膏一天 3 次塗抹在你身體患部。 ＊infected [ɪn`fɛktɪd] a. 受感染的 用法 an ointment (×) → a tube of ointment (○) 一條軟膏

authorize

[`ɔθə͵raɪz] vt. 授權，認可 片語 authorize sb to V 授權某人去⋯⋯ I have authorized Matthew to act for me while I'm abroad. 我已授權馬修在我出國期間代理我的職務。

edible

[`ɛdəbḷ] a. 可食用的 Some mushrooms are edible, while some are highly poisonous. 有些蘑菇是可食用的，然而有些深具毒性。 比較 potable [`potəbḷ] a. 可飲用的 drinkable [`drɪŋkəbḷ] a. 可飲用的

exquisite

[`ɛkskwɪzɪt ɪk`skwɪzɪt] a. 精美的 The princess' exquisite dress guaranteed she'd be the most beautiful woman at the ball. 公主精緻的禮服保證能讓她成為舞會上最美的女人。

ecstasy

[`ɛkstəsɪ] n. 狂喜 片語 be in (an) ecstasy 欣喜若狂 Tom was in ecstasy when he learned he was hired for that prestigious job. 湯姆知道自己得到這份有名望的工作時，他欣喜若狂。 ＊prestigious [prɛs`tɪdʒɪəs] a. 有名望的

excerpt

[`ɛksɝpt]/[ɪk`sɝpt] n. 摘錄 vt. 摘錄 片語 be excerpted from... 從⋯⋯摘錄下來 An excerpt from his speech was published in the newspaper. 他演講的一段話被刊登在報紙上。 The following passage is excerpted from Shakespeare's Tempest . 以下段落摘錄自莎士比亞的《暴風雨》。

eloquent

[`ɛləkwənt] a. 雄辯滔滔的 Rod is a very promising salesperson. He's not only eloquent, but well-versed in the art of persuasion. 羅德是個很有前途的售貨員。他不但口齒清晰，又精通推銷的藝術。

eligible

[`ɛlɪdʒəbḷ] a. 合格的 片語 be eligible for sth/to V 有⋯⋯的資格／有資格去從事⋯⋯ - be qualified for sth/to V Both domestic and foreign companies are eligible to bid for the building contract. 國內和國外的公司都有資格投標爭取這個營建合同。 To be eligible for this promotion, candidates must meet the following requirements. 要具備升遷資格，應徵者必須達到下列需求。

emigrant

[`ɛməgrənt] n. 移民（由內移出者） Julia and Jack are emigrants on their way to Australia. 茱莉亞和傑克正要移民到澳洲去。

emigrate

[`ɛməg͵ret] vi. 移居國外 片語 emigrate to + 地方 移居到某地 My friend John and his family are planning to emigrate to the United States. 我的朋友約翰和他家人計畫移民到美國。 Many people in Taiwan are emigrating to countries like Canada, the U.S., and Australia. 台灣有很多人移民到加拿大、美國、澳大利亞等國家。 比較 migrate、immigrate、emigrate 三者均 表『移居』 migrate 多指候鳥的遷移或因工作目的而進行的移居。 emigrate 指從本國移出。 immigrate 則指從他國移入。

episode

[`ɛpə͵sod] n. （全部事件）一件事，（電視劇的）一集 The latest episode of the political scandal shocked the whole society. 這樁政治醜聞的最新發展使社會大眾同感震驚。 The last episode of the drama series will be broadcast this evening. 這部連續劇最後一集將於今晚播出。

epic

[`ɛpɪk] n. 英雄史詩 a. 如同史詩般的 The Iliad is a classical example of epic poetry. 《伊利亞德》是史詩的一個經典例子。 The Lord of the Rings is a fantasy novel that describes the epic journey of Frodo and his companions in their attempt to destroy the Ring. 《魔戒》是一本奇幻小說，描述佛拉多與其同伴為了摧毀魔戒而展開的一段史詩般浩大的旅程。

escalate

[`ɛskə͵let] vt. vi. （使）逐步上升 The escalating costs of everyday commodities brought public complaints. 不斷上升的民生用品物價讓民眾叫苦連天。 The general escalated the war by sending in more troops. 將軍派出更多軍隊讓戰事升高。 比較 elevator [`ɛlə͵vetɚ] n. 電梯

essence

[`ɛsəns] n. 要素，本質，萃取物，精華 片語 in essence 本質上（- essentially） The very essence of Christianity is love. 基督教的基本要素就是愛。 In essence, a good design is the perfect unity of function and beauty. 基本上而言，好的設計就是功能性與美感完美的結合。 If you add some lavender essence to the wax, your candle will give off a pleasant smell. 如果你在蠟裡面加一點薰衣草的香精萃取物，你的蠟燭就會散發香味。 ＊lavender [`lævəndɚ] n. 薰衣草 ＊wax [wæks] n. 蠟

etiquette

[`ɛtɪ͵kɛt/`ɛtɪkɪt] n. 禮儀（不可數） People who lack cellphone etiquette speak loudly on the phone in public places. 沒有手機禮儀的人會在公共場所會大聲講電話。

ethnic

[`ɛθnɪk] a. 族群的 Employees in this company come from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. 這間公司的員工來自多樣的族群背景。 Ethnic conflicts have been a major source of social unrest in this area. 族群衝突一直是該區社會動盪的一個主要來源。 延伸 ethnic minority 族群上的弱勢者 ethnic cleansing 族群淨化 比較 ethic [`ɛθɪk] n. 倫理（常用複數，表一整 套道德倫理規範） medical ethics 醫藥倫理 Euthanasia is still largely thought to be against medical ethics. 大多數人仍認為安樂死有違醫藥倫理。＊euthanasia [͵juθə`neʒɪə] n. 安樂死

urgency

[`ɝdʒənsɪ] n. 緊急（不可數） 片語 a matter of urgency 緊急事件 Please get Mr. Johnson on the phone right now. It's a matter of great urgency. 麻煩請強生先生聽電話。這是一件十萬火急的事。

implement

[`ɪmplə͵mɛnt] vt. 實施 片語 implement a plan 實施計劃 - carry out a plan The authorities concerned have implemented a plan to help control traffic. 有關當局已實施了一項計劃來協助管制交通。

inference

[`ɪnfərəns] n. 推論，結論 片語 make/draw an inference 做出結論 Based on the data, we are able to make the inference that global warming is endangering the habitat of polar bears. 根據這些資料，我們可以做出結論，全球暖化正威脅到北極熊的棲息區。

institute

[`ɪnstə͵tjut] n. 機構（- institution），學院（尤指理工學院） vt. 制定，展開 片語 institute a system 建立制度 - establish a system - set up a system This research institute is dedicated to finding cures for AIDS. 該研究機構致力找尋愛滋病的治療方式。 MIT is short for Massachusetts Institute of Technology. MIT 是麻省理工學院的縮寫。 The new mayor instituted strict law enforcement as soon as he took office. 新市長一上任就開始嚴厲執法。 ＊enforcement [ɪn`fɔrsmənt] n. 執行

integral

[`ɪntəgrəl] a. 不可或缺的 片語 be integral to... 對⋯⋯是不可或缺的 Practical experience is integral to this job. 實務經驗對這份工作來說是不可缺少的。

intimacy

[`ɪntəməsɪ] n. 親密（不可數） 片語 intimacy between A and B A 和 B 之間親密的關係 Intimacy among staff members in this company is strictly forbidden. 這間公司嚴格禁止員工們間的親密關係。

integrate

[`ɪntə͵gret] vt. 使整合 片語 integrate A into B 將 A 與 B 整合 The manager decided to integrate my proposal into the company's marketing strategies. 經理決定把我的提議納入行銷策略中。

interval

[`ɪntɚvḷ] n. 間隔時間（與介詞 at 並用） 片語 at intervals of + 時間 每隔⋯⋯ - at + 時間 + intervals The buses here run at intervals of 5 minutes. - The buses here run at 5-minute intervals. 這裡巴士每隔五分鐘一班。 at regular intervals 每隔一段固定時間 at 30-minute intervals 每隔 30 分鐘 Buses and trains from New Jersey to New York run at regular intervals. 從紐澤西到紐約有定時的巴士和火車開出。

intellect

[`ɪntḷ͵ɛkt] n. 智力 I enjoy Amanda's company because she is a woman of considerable intellect and great personal charm. 我喜歡和雅曼達在一起，因為她是個充滿高度智慧以及個人魅力的女性。 ＊company [`kʌmpənɪ] n. 陪伴

inventory

[`ɪnvən͵tɔrɪ] n. 存貨（清單） 片語 make an inventory of... 將⋯⋯列成清單 take an inventory 盤點（存貨） We made an inventory of everything in our warehouse. 我們將倉庫裡的所有東西列了張清單。 Every month, we take an inventory of our stock in the store. 每個月我們都盤點店裡的存貨。

innovative

[`ɪnə͵vetɪv] a. 創新的 The manager has come up with an innovative way to cut costs. 經理想到了一種可以降低成本的創新辦法。

insight

[`ɪn͵saɪt] n. 眼光（不可數），深入了解（與介詞 into 並用） 片語 a man of great insight 很有眼光的人 Eric is a man of great insight. 艾瑞克是個很有眼光的人。 Amy Tan's novels give insight into the lives of Chinese Americans living in the US. 譚艾美的小說帶我們深入了解華裔美國人在美國的生活。

irritate

[`ɪrə͵tet] vt. 使憤怒，使過敏 The noise John made when eating irritated me. 約翰吃飯的聲音讓我很討厭。 This brand of cream irritates my skin. 這個牌子的乳液讓我的皮膚過敏。

irritable

[`ɪrə͵təbḷ] a. 易怒的 Gary didn't get much sleep last night so he was rather irritable today. 蓋瑞昨晚沒睡什麼覺，因此他今天很易怒。

shoplift

[`ʃɑp͵lɪft] vi. （在商家）順手牽羊 The Hollywood film star was caught on the spot while shoplifting. 這位好萊塢影星在商家內順手牽羊時被逮個正著。 比較 pickpocket [`pɪk͵pɑkɪt] n. 扒手

shilling

[`ʃɪlɪŋ] n. 先令（原英國的貨幣單位，等於 1/20 英鎊） Until 1971, British currency was divided up into pounds, shillings, and pence. 1971 年前，英國貨幣分成英鎊、先令及便士 3 種。 ＊currency [`kɝənsɪ] n. 貨幣（集合名詞，不可數）

ulcer

[`ʌlsɚ] n. 潰瘍 片語 a stomach ulcer 胃潰瘍 a duodenal ulcer 十二指腸炎（＊duodenal [͵djuə`dinḷ] a. 十二指腸的） People who drink frequently have a higher risk of getting a stomach ulcer. 常喝酒的人得到胃潰瘍的風險較高。

ultimate

[`ʌltəmɪt] a. 終極的 n. 極點 片語 be the ultimate in... 是⋯⋯方面的最高點 The ultimate decision regarding whom to hire will be made by the boss. 僱用的人選將由老闆做最後決定。 The movie star's home is the ultimate in luxury. 這名影星的住宅豪華到了極點。 ＊luxury [`lʌkʃərɪ] n. 奢侈，豪華

ultimately

[`ʌltəmɪtlɪ] adv. 最終地 An unbalanced diet will ultimately lead to physical illness. 不均衡的飲食最終會導致身體不適。

upbringing

[`ʌp͵brɪŋɪŋ] n. 養育，培育 Alex and Mary gave their children a strict upbringing. 艾力克斯和瑪麗嚴格養育他們的孩子。

utmost

[`ʌt͵most] a. 極端的 n. 最大限度，極端 片語 be of utmost importance 是極重要的 do one's utmost/best to V 某人竭力做某事 Maintaining good health is of utmost importance. 保持良好的健康是極為重要的。 The coach pushes his players to the utmost limits of their strength. 教練將選手的體力磨鍊到極限。 Jean always does her utmost in every project her boss assigns her. 小琴總是盡力做好老闆指派給她的每一項計劃。

usher

[`ʌʃɚ] n. 帶路的人，領座員 vt. 帶路 片語 usher sb in/into... 帶領某人至⋯⋯ usher sb into the movie house 將某人帶進電影院裡 usher in... 帶來了（革命、新時代） The usher helped me find my seat. 引座員幫我找到座位。 The servant ushered me into the guest room. 侍者為我引路至客房。 The invention of the copy machine ushered in a revolution in the printing industry. 影印機的發明帶來了印刷業的革命。

threshold

[`θrɛʃhold] n. 門檻，開端 片語 be on the threshold of... 在⋯⋯的開端 Stepping on the threshold is deemed impolite in Chinese culture. 中國文化裡，踩在門檻上被認為是不禮貌的。 ＊deem [dim] vt. 認為（- consider） After being admitted to Harvard, Gary felt as if he were on the threshold of a new life. 獲得哈佛大學的入學許可後，蓋瑞感覺就像是要展開一段新生活似的。

thrifty

[`θrɪftɪ] a. 節儉的，節約的 Robert is the thriftiest man I have ever known. 羅伯特是我認識的人中最節省的。

therapy

[`θɛrəpɪ] n. 療法 So far there hasn't been any effective therapy for AIDS. 迄今針對愛滋病尚未有任何有效的療法。

therapist

[`θɛrəpɪst] n. 治療師 Kevin has an appointment with his speech therapist at four this afternoon. 凱文今天下午 4 點和他的語言治療師有約。

ironic

[aɪ`rɑnɪk] a. 諷刺的 I found it rather ironic when the author of the best-selling guidebook to Japan admitted that he had never set foot in that country. 那位暢銷日本旅遊書的作者竟然承認他老兄從沒去過日本，我覺得這件事可真諷刺。

oust

[aʊst] vt. 罷黜，趕下台 片語 oust sb from... 將某人從⋯⋯罷黜 The dictator was ousted from power in a military coup. 該獨裁者在一次軍事政變中被趕下台來。 ＊coup [ku] n. 政變

outnumber

[aʊt`nʌmbɚ] vt. （數量上）勝過 New Zealand is a country where the sheep population outnumbers the human population. 紐西蘭是一個羊群數目多於人類的國家。 延伸 某些字可與 out 結合形成及物動詞，表『在某方面勝過⋯⋯』，如： outwit [aut`wɪt] vt. 以機智勝過，騙過 outsmart [aut`smɑrt] vt. 以機智勝過，騙過 outdistance [aut`dɪstəns] vt. 超越，拉開距離 outlive [aut`liv] vt. 活得比⋯⋯久 Women usually outlive their husbands. 女人通常比她們的先生長壽。 outshine [aut`ʃaɪn] vt. 光芒強過，聲勢勝過

outrageous

[aʊt`redʒəs] a. 令人震驚的 It's outrageous that such a cold-blooded murderer should be released on parole after only 10 months in prison. 這名冷血殺人犯竟然坐牢 10 個月就獲保釋，這真令人震驚。 ＊parole [pə`rol] n. 假釋 ＊be on parole 在假釋中

binoculars

[baɪ`nɑkjəlɚz] n. 雙筒望遠鏡（恆用複數） 片語 a pair of binoculars 一副雙筒望遠鏡 The biologist looked at the birds through his binoculars. 這位生物學家透過他的雙筒望遠鏡看觀察那些鳥兒。 比較 telescope [`tɛlə͵skop] n. 一支單筒望遠鏡 ④

byte

[baɪt] n. （電腦）位元組 A byte is the amount of space one letter takes up. 一個位元組就是一個字母所佔的空間。 延伸 megabyte [`mɛgə͵baɪt] n. 百萬位元 gigabyte [`dʒɪgə͵baɪt `gɪgə͵baɪt] n. 十億位元

bout

[baʊt] n. 發作 片語 a bout of flu 罹患流感 He had a bout of flu while he was traveling in Asia. 他在亞洲旅行時曾患流感。

bleak

[blik] a. 陰冷的，黯淡的 片語 a bleak future 黯淡的未來 The landscape of this area in the winter is bleak and empty. 這個地區的冬景既陰冷又空洞。 Because of the popularity of the Internet, the future looks bleak for the newspaper industry. 因為網路的盛行，報業的前途黯淡。

bland

[blænd] a. 枯燥乏味的，淡而無味的 After reading two chapters of this novel, I found it rather bland, so I decided to change to another book. 這本小說我讀了兩章後發現內容很無趣，因此決定換另一本書看。 The spaghetti looks delicious but has a bland taste. 這道義大利麵看起來很美味，吃起來卻沒味道。 ＊spaghetti [spə`gɛtɪ] n. 細長型義大利麵

blunt

[blʌnt] a. 鈍的，不利的，直言不諱的 片語 To be blunt,... 坦白說，⋯⋯ - To be frank,... - Frankly speaking,... My pencil is blunt. Can you help me sharpen it? 我的鉛筆鈍了。你可以幫我把它削尖嗎？ To be blunt, the quality of your work is terrible. 坦白說，你的工作品質真差。

brochure

[bro`ʃʊr] n. 小冊子 片語 a travel brochure 旅遊小冊子 The beautiful pictures of the Italian countryside in the travel brochure tempted us to go on vacation there. 旅行手冊上義大利鄉下的美麗照片讓我們很想去那裡度假。

brew

[bru] vt. 釀（酒），泡（茶、咖啡） 片語 brew tea/coffee 泡茶／咖啡 - make tea/coffee - prepare tea/coffee - fix tea/coffee The beers brewed locally have distinctive smells and flavors. 本地釀造的啤酒有特殊的氣味與口味。 ＊distinctive [dɪ`stɪŋktɪv] a. 特殊的 This coffee shop serves freshly brewed coffee and homemade cheesecake. 這家咖啡店提供現泡咖啡以及自製的起司蛋糕。

brisk

[brɪsk] a. 輕快的，（生意）興旺的 片語 a brisk walk 健走 A brisk walk can help reduce your stress and strengthen your heart. 健走有助於減輕壓力與強化心臟。 Because of the tasty food and good service, the restaurant soon had brisk business. 因為這家餐廳的食物好吃且服務又好，生意很快就興隆起來。

brink

[brɪŋk] n. 邊緣 片語 on the brink of... 在⋯⋯的邊緣 Rising antagonism between different ethnic groups in that country has put it on the brink of a civil war. 日益上升的族群對立使該國處於內戰爆發邊緣。 ＊antagonism [æn`tægə͵nɪzəm] n. 對立

bouquet

[bu`ke] n. 花束，一束花 片語 a bouquet/bunch of flowers 一束花 The man walked onto the stage and gave a bouquet of flowers to the main actress. 男子走上舞台，送了一束花給女主角。

boost

[bust] vt. 增加，提昇 n. 促進，推動 片語 boost sb's confidence/morale/ego 提昇某人的信心／士氣／自尊 give sb a boost 讓某人信心大增 Beating thousands of competitors and getting this job boosted Loren's confidence a lot. 打敗上千名對手爭取到這份工作讓蘿倫的自信大增。 The President-elect gave these businessmen a boost in saying that he would devote himself to raising the economic growth. 總統當選人說他會致力於提昇經濟成長，讓這些商人信心大增。

bombard

[bɑm`bɑrd] vt. 砲轟，向⋯⋯連續提出問題 片語 bombard sb with sth 不斷向某人提出問題或批評 The city was heavily bombarded by the enemy for six months in a row. 這個城市連續 6 個月遭敵軍嚴重轟炸。 The audience bombarded the speaker with questions during the two-hour speech. 聽眾在這兩小時的演講中向演講人連續提出許多問題。

barometer

[bə`rɑmətɚ] n. 氣壓計，顯示變化的指標 The barometer shows that there will most likely be a change in the weather this afternoon. 氣壓計顯示，今天下午的天氣很可能會有變化。 Lenny's editorials are always regarded as a reliable barometer of public opinion. 藍尼的社論總被認為是公眾意見的可靠指標。 ＊editorial [͵ɛdə`tɔrɪəl] n. 社論

behold

[bɪ`hold] vt. 注視（- look at），看見（- see） 片語 a sight to behold 美景 The scenery outside the window was a sight to behold. 窗外的美景令人感到美不勝收。

beholder

[bɪ`holdɚ] n. 觀看者 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼裡出西施。——諺語

besiege

[bɪ`sidʒ] vt. 包圍 片語 be besieged with/by... 被⋯⋯包圍 The company has been besieged with inquiring letters from all over the country for days. 這幾天公司信箱被全國寄來詢問的信件擠滿了。 The famous singer was besieged by a lot of reporters when she walked out of the TV station. 這位有名的歌手走出電視台後被記者們團團圍住。

betray

[bɪ`tre] vt. 背叛，（無意中）暴露 片語 betray sb to... 將某人出賣給⋯⋯ That man betrayed his wife to the secre police. 那個男子將老婆出賣給了秘密警察。 Amy felt betrayed after she found out what Jim had been trying to hide from her. 愛咪發現阿金一直設法向他隱瞞的那件事後，覺得自己遭到了背叛。 Eric tried to look calm, but his clenched fist betrayed his anger. 愛力克試著裝出冷靜的樣子，但他緊握的拳頭洩漏了他的憤怒。 ＊clenched [`klɛntʃt] a. 緊握的

betrayal

[bɪ`treəl] n. 背叛 片語 betrayal of... 背叛⋯⋯ Rebecca saw her husband's actions as a betrayal of their marriage. 瑞貝卡將她丈夫的舉動當成對他們婚姻的背叛。 延伸 a sense of betrayal 被背叛感

bewilder

[bɪ`wɪldɚ] vt. 使困惑（多用於被動式） Most tourists are bewildered by the perplexing road names in the city. 多數的觀光客都會被這城市中令人困惑的路名給搞糊塗。 ＊perplexing [pɚ`plɛksɪŋ] a. 令人困惑的

bizarre

[bɪ`zɑr] a. 奇怪的 片語 under bizarre circumstances 離奇地 A soccer player was found murdered in his home under bizarre circumstances. 一名足球員被發現在自己家中被離奇地謀殺。 比較 bazaar [bə`zɑr] n. 市集 ⑤

diverse

[daɪ`vɝs dɪ`vɝs] a. 多樣的 New York is well-known for its diverse cultures. 紐約因其多元文化著稱。

diversity

[daɪ`vɝsətɪ dɪ`vɝsətɪ] n. 多樣性（不可數） 片語 a wide diversity of... 各式各樣的⋯⋯ - a wide variety of... A wide diversity of ideas was presented at the meeting as to how to raise funds for the new school. 會議上提出了關於如何募款蓋新學校各種想法。

diversify

[daɪ`vɝsə͵faɪ dɪ`vɝsə͵faɪ] vt. vi. 使多樣化 To reduce the risk of losing money, you should diversify your investments. 為了減低金錢損失的風險，你應將投資多樣化。

divert

[daɪ`vɝt dɪ`vɝt] vt. 轉變，轉移注意力 片語 diver A from B 將 A 轉移開 B diver one's attention from... 將某人注意力由⋯⋯移轉開 Management decided to divert more money into new product development. 管理階層決定將更多的錢轉用在新產品研發上。 The psychiatrist asked me to divert my attention from work for the moment, saying that it would be good for my health. 精神科醫師要我現階段先將注意力從工作上頭轉移，說這對我的健康比較好。

diversion

[daɪ`vɝʒən dɪ`vɝʒən] n. 分散注意力的事物，消遣 The dog Tom brought in created a diversion for everyone in the office. 湯姆帶進來的這條狗讓每個在辦公室內的人都分了神。 Playing golf is one of my favorite diversions. 高爾夫球是我最喜愛的消遣之一。

diameter

[daɪ`æmətɚ] n. 直徑 The birthday cake my mother bought was twelve inches in diameter. 我媽媽買的生日蛋糕直徑有 12 吋長。 用法 10 centimeters in diameter 直徑 10 公分

devalue

[di`vælju] vt. 貶值，降低⋯⋯的重要性 片語 devalue the currency 貶低幣值 The Canadian government devalued its currency by 10 percent. 加拿大政府將其幣值貶低 10 個百分點。 Women's contribution to democracy has always been devalued. 女性對民主的貢獻一向都未受到重視過。

deem

[dim] vt. 視⋯⋯為 I deem it an honor to be chosen to attend the ceremony. - I consider it an honor to be chosen to attend the ceremony. 我認為獲選參加該典禮是一項榮譽。 The inspectors deemed that the playground was not safe for children to play at. 檢查員認為該遊樂場不安全，不適合孩童在裡面玩耍。 ＊inspector [ɪn`spɛktɚ] n. 檢查員

domain

[do`men] n. 屬地，領土，領域，範圍 片語 outside/within sb's domain 超出某人的研究領域／在某人研究領域之內 This information is not in the public domain. Only a handful of people know about it. 這消息還未對外公開。僅有少數幾個人知情。 I'm afraid I won't be of much help. Your research subject is outside of my domain. 很抱歉，我可能幫不上忙。你的研究主題在我的領域之外。 This forest is the king's domain. Trespassers are subject to severe penalties. 這片樹林是國王的領地。闖入者將遭嚴懲。 ＊trespasser [`trɛspəsɚ] n. 擅闖者，違反者

donation

[do`neʃən] n. 捐贈，捐贈物 片語 make a generous/large/small donation to N 慷慨／巨額／小額捐給⋯⋯ blood/organ donation 捐血／器官捐贈 Jonathan makes a generous donation in his father's name to a local church every Christmas. 喬納森每年聖誕節都會以父親的名義慷慨捐錢給當地的一所教會。 Some people do not support organ donation because of their religion. 有些人因為信仰的關係，所以不支持器官捐贈。

dome

[dom] n. 圓屋頂 The dome of the church was severely damaged during the war. 這座教堂的圓屋頂在戰爭時受到了嚴重的損壞。

drought

[draʊt] n. 乾旱 The change of climate has resulted in the most severe drought in one hundred years. 氣候變遷造成該地區一百年來最嚴重的一次乾旱。

doom

[dum] n. 毀滅，死亡 vt. 注定 片語 meet one's doom 死亡，完蛋 - die This is the place where the notorious gangster met his doom. 這裡就是那位惡名昭彰的歹徒喪命的地方。 be doomed to N/V 注定會⋯⋯（之後接否定或消極的字義） That bad guy is doomed to death. - That bad guy is doomed to die. 那個壞蛋注定會死。 Such a lazy man is doomed to failure. - Such a lazy man is doomed to fail. 像這樣的懶人注定會失敗。 Frank is so pessimistic that every time I talk to him, I feel a sense of doom. 法蘭克那麼悲觀，每次我跟他講話都覺得世界要毀滅了。 Without a proper evaluation of the market, this project was doomed to failure in the first place. 缺乏對市場的妥善評量，這件案子一開始就注定要失敗。

doomed

[dumd] a. 不幸的，注定失敗的 The plane that Joe was supposed to take crashed and everyone on board was killed. It's his good luck that he overslept and missed the doomed flight. 阿喬本來要搭的那班飛機失事墜毀，機上所有人全部罹難。他的運氣好，睡過頭沒搭上那不幸航班。

debris

[də`bri `debri] n. 廢墟，殘垣斷瓦（不可數） The church was reduced to a pile of debris in the earthquake. 教堂在那次地震中化為一片廢墟。 ＊be reduced to sth 淪為／化成某物 比較 remains [rɪ`menz] n. 遺跡；遺體（恆用複數） ruin [`rʊɪn] n. 廢墟（常用複數） relics [`rɛlɪks] n. 遺跡（恆用複數）

dilemma

[də`lɛmə] n. 進退兩難 片語 be in a dilemma 處於進退兩難之境 Kate is in a dilemma about whether to quit her job or not. 凱蒂在是否要辭職的決定當中進退兩難。

diminish

[də`mɪnɪʃ] vt. vi. 減少，降低⋯⋯的重要性 The new policy is expected to diminish the cost of health care. 這項新政策可望降低健康照護的成本。 The political influence of the former president diminished with time. 前總統的政治影響力隨著時間而慢慢減弱。

directory

[də`rɛktərɪ] n. 登記簿 The Yellow Pages is a classified telephone directory that lists the numbers of companies and individuals who offer services. 《黃頁》是分類的電話簿，裡頭列了公司行號跟提供各式服務人員的電話。 延伸 a telephone directory 電話簿（- a phone book）

debut

[dɪ`bju də`bju] n. 初次登台 vi. 初次登台 片語 make one's debut 某人初次登台 Ryan made his debut on the big screen in 1983. 萊恩初次在大銀幕上演出是 1983 年。 The new TV drama series is going to debut at 8 p.m. tonight. 這齣新的電視連續劇將在今晚 8 點初次放映。

deficiency

[dɪ`fɪʃənsɪ] n. 不足（與介詞 of 並用），缺陷（與介詞 in 並用） Symptoms of a deficiency of vitamin B include fatigue and restlessness. 缺少維他命 B 的症狀包含疲累以及心神不定。 ＊fatigue [fə`tig] n. 疲累 ＊restless [`rɛstlɪs] n. 焦躁不安的 Deficiencies in the design caused the bridge to collapse. 設計上的缺失造成該橋樑斷裂。 ＊collapse [kə`læps] vi. 倒塌

deficient

[dɪ`fɪʃənt] a. 缺乏的，有缺陷的 片語 be deficient in... 在⋯⋯方面不足 Wendy's diet is deficient in Vitamin C, so I suggest that she take supplements on a daily basis. 溫蒂的飲食缺少維他命 C，因此我建議她每天攝取補充品。 ＊supplement [`sʌpləmənt] n. 補充品 The deficient product inspection process resulted in a high rate of returned products. 產品檢驗過程有缺失，造成高比例的退貨量。 ＊inspection [ɪn`spɛkʃən] n. 檢驗

degrade

[dɪ`gred] vt. 貶低 The pop singer declared that he had no intention of degrading women in his songs. 該流行歌手宣稱自己在歌裡並沒有貶低女性的意圖。

decline

[dɪ`klaɪn] vt. vi. 婉拒 vi. 下跌 n. 下跌 片語 decline sb's invitation 婉拒某人的邀請 be on the decline 下降中 - be in decline Bob was very disappointed when Judy declined his invitation to dinner. 茱蒂婉拒了鮑伯一同晚餐的邀約，為此他感到很失望。 I offered to give Tina a ride after the party, but she declined. 舞會結束後我提議讓蒂娜搭便車，但她婉拒了。 Car sales declined by 5% in the second quarter. 汽車銷售量在第 2 季下降了 5%。 Street violence seems to have been on the decline ever since the new mayor was sworn in. 新市長上任後，街頭暴力事件似乎已在減少中。

deliberate

[dɪ`lɪbərɪt] a. 故意的，謹慎的 Police have confirmed that the power failure was caused by a deliberate act of sabotage. 警方證實這次停電是因蓄意破壞的行為所導致。 ＊sabotage [`sæbə͵tɑʒ] n. 破壞 The government is taking deliberate actions to lower food prices. 政府正採取謹慎的行動降低食物價格。

deliberately

[dɪ`lɪbərɪtlɪ] adv. 故意地，謹慎地 I'm sure David was trying to embarrass me deliberately. - I'm sure David was trying to embarrass me on purpose. 我確定大衛是故意讓我難堪。 Slowly and deliberately, Johnny took the water gun out of his coat and pointed it at me. 小強緩慢而謹慎地從外套裡掏出玩具水槍來對準我。

delinquent

[dɪ`lɪŋkwənt] n. 青少年罪犯 a. 有過失的，犯法的 片語 a juvenile delinquent 不良少年 - a delinquent teenager Juvenile delinquent problems should be dealt with seriously because they pose a threat to our society. 不良少年的問題應該要嚴肅對待，因為它們會對我們的社會造成威脅。 ＊juvenile [`dʒuvənaɪl] a. 青少年的

dimension

[dɪ`mɛnʃən] 複數形: dimensions [dɪ`mɛnʃənz] n. 面向，方面，（長、寬、高等的）尺寸，面積（恆用複數），（問題的）嚴重性（恆用複數） 片語 add a new dimension to sth 增加某事的新面向 I think you have neglected another important dimension to the problem. 我認為你忽略了該問題的另一個重要面向。 We need to know the exact dimensions of the living room before we buy the furniture. 買傢具之前，我們得確定客廳的尺寸是多少。 I didn't realize the dimensions of this problem. - I didn't realize the seriousness of this problem. 我並未意識到這個問題的嚴重性。 用法 three-dimensional 三度空間的

denounce

[dɪ`naʊns] vt. 公然譴責，告發 片語 denounce A as B 譴責 A 為 B denounce A to B 向 B 告發 A Senator Louis was denounced as a liar by one of his opponents. 路易斯議員被一位他的反對者斥為騙徒。 A former employee of John's denounced him to the police. 約翰之前的一位職員向警方告發他。

diplomacy

[dɪ`ploməsɪ] n. 外交，交際手腕 If diplomacy failed, we would have no alternative but to resort to military force. 如果外交手段失效，我們就別無選擇，只有走上軍事武力一途。 ＊alternative [ɔl`tɝnətɪv] n. 選擇 ＊have no alternative/choice/option but to V 除了⋯⋯外別無選擇 To be a leader, the skill of diplomacy is absolutely essential. 要當個領導人，交際手腕絕對很重要。

deprive

[dɪ`praɪv] vt. 剝奪 片語 deprive sb of sth 剝奪某人某物 The court deprived the man of his civil rights. 法庭判處該男子褫奪公權。 延伸 類似的句構還有： The gangsters robbed Judy of her money. 那群壞蛋搶了茱蒂的錢。 The general relieved Captain Smith of his duties. 將軍解除史密斯上尉的職掌。 The full scholarship eased Ned of his burden a little bit. 全額獎學金稍稍減輕了奈德的負擔。

depict

[dɪ`pɪkt] vt. 描述，描繪 片語 depict A as B 將 A 描述為 B - describe A as B This novel depicts the extravagant life of the upper class. 這本小說描繪了上流社會奢侈浪費的生活。 ＊extravagant [ɪk`strævəgənt] a. 奢侈浪費的 Many Hollywood movies depict dark-skinned people as dangerous and violent, but this is not the case at all. 許多好萊塢電影把深色皮膚的人描繪成是危險與暴力份子，不過實際上根本不是這麼一回事。

derive

[dɪ`raɪv] vt. 取得 vi. 源自 片語 derive A from B 從 B 取得 A derive from... 源自⋯⋯ - stem from... - come from... John derives a lot of pleasure from reading adventure stories. 阿強從閱讀冒險故事中得到許多樂趣。 ＊adventure [əd`vɛntʃɚ] n. 冒險 The story derives from an old legend. 這篇故事源自一則古老傳說。

decisive

[dɪ`saɪsɪv] a. 決定性的，果決的，確定的 片語 play a decisive role 扮演決定性的角色 What was the decisive factor that changed the judge's mind? 改變法官想法的決定性因素是什麼？ ＊factor [`fæktɚ] n. 因素 We all regard our manager as a strong and decisive leader. 我們都認為經理是位堅強又果決的領袖。 The team earned a decisive victory, winning 20 to nothing. 這支隊伍以 20 比 0 的分數取得了確定性的勝利。

discreet

[dɪ`skrit] a. 謹慎的 Darren is too discreet a person to tell you about his problems. 戴倫是個過於謹慎的人，所以他不會告訴你有關他的問題。

discriminate

[dɪ`skrɪmə͵nət] vt. vi. 區別，歧視（與 against 並用） 片語 discriminate A from B 區別 A 與 B - discriminate between A and B discriminate against sb 歧視某人 John was born color blind so he can't discriminate red from green. 約翰有先天性色盲，因此無法區別紅色和綠色。 ＊color blind 色盲 It's illegal to discriminate against women in the workplace. 在職場上歧視女性是違法的。 ＊illegal [ɪ`ligḷ] a. 非法的 ＊workplace [`wɝk͵ples] n. 工作場合

dispatch

[dɪ`spætʃ] vt. 發送，派遣 n. 發送，派遣 片語 dispatch sth 發送某物 - send sth out We'll dispatch your goods within 24 hours of receiving your order. 我們在接到您訂單後的 24 小時之內就會將貨物發送給您。 The dispatch of more troops to the region showed that the situation was worse than we had imagined. 派遣了更多軍隊前往該區，這表示情況比我們原先預想的還要嚴重。

dispel

[dɪ`spɛl] vt. 驅散（感覺、想法） The mother's soothing words dispelled any fears the children had about moving. 媽媽的一席話讓孩子們害怕搬家的恐懼煙消雲散。 The actor dispelled the rumors of his death by appearing in public. 那演員出現於公眾場所，破除了他已死亡的謠言。

disperse

[dɪ`spɝs] vt. 驅散 vi. 散開 The police tried to disperse the unruly crowd. 警方試圖驅散失序的群眾。 ＊unruly [ʌn`rulɪ] a. 不守規矩的 The fog dispersed right after the sun came up. 太陽一露臉，霧就散了。

distract

[dɪ`strækt] vt. 使分心 片語 distract sb from sth 使某人自某事分心 Noise from the street distracted the writer from his work. 街上的吵雜聲讓這名作家無法專心工作。

distraction

[dɪ`strækʃən] n. 分散注意力的事物 Any distraction you encounter while driving might result in serious accidents. 開車時一分心就可能引起嚴重事故。 ＊encounter [ɪn`kaʊntɚ] vt. 遇到

dissuade

[dɪ`swed] vt. 勸阻 片語 dissuade sb from + V-ing 阻止某人⋯⋯ - talk sb out of + V-ing Mother tried to dissuade Angela from traveling alone in India. - Mother tried to talk Angela out of traveling alone in India. 媽媽試著勸阻安琪拉不要一個人到印度旅行。

descend

[dɪ`sɛnd] vi. 下降 vt. 為⋯⋯的後裔（用於被動語態） 片語 be descended from sb 是某人的後裔 The captain announced that the plane would start to descend in a few minutes. 機長宣佈幾分鐘後飛機就要開始下降。 John's family is said to be descended from a great emperor. 約翰的家族據說是一位偉大皇帝的後代。

descendant

[dɪ`sɛndənt] n. 後代，後裔 It is said that those who live in that village are Michelangelo's descendants. 據說住在那個村莊的人是米開朗基羅的後裔。

descent

[dɪ`sɛnt] n. 下降，血統 Our flight will begin its descent to the airport in 30 minutes. 我們的班機將於 30 分鐘後開始降落在機場。 The majority of the students in our class are of Asian descent. 我們班上大部分的學生都是亞裔人。 用法 an American of Chinese descent 華裔美國人

detain

[dɪ`ten] vt. 拘留，使耽擱 Six robbery suspects were detained by the police. 六名涉及搶案的嫌犯遭到警方拘留。 ＊robbery [`rɑbərɪ] n. 搶案 We were detained at the airport due to possible thundershowers. 由於可能會有大雷雨，所以我們暫時被困在機場。 比較 maintain [men`ten] vt. 維持 Our company places special emphasis on maintaining a high-quality service. 本公司特別強調維持高品質的服務。 sustain [sə`sten] vt. 維持（生命） We eat and drink to sustain our lives. 我們吃喝是為了維持生命。 contain [kən`ten] vt. 包含，容納 The report contains all the information you need. 這份報告包含你所需的一切資料。

detach

[dɪ`tætʃ] vt. 使分開 片語 detach A from B 將 A 從 B 分開 Please detach the form from the booklet, fill it out, and send it to us. 請將表格從小冊裡撕下，填寫完畢之後寄送給我們。

detached

[dɪ`tætʃt] a. 不連接的，超然的 The post office sent back my package because the addressee label on it was detached. 郵局把我的包裹運送回來，因為它上面的收件人標籤掉了。 ＊addressee [ædrɛ`si] n. 收件人 I suggest you look at the event from a more detached point of view. 我建議你以更超然的觀點來看這件事。

deter

[dɪ`tɝ] vt. 阻止 片語 deter sb from + N/V-ing 阻止某人從事某事 A closed-circuit TV camera was installed to deter customers from shoplifting. 安裝閉路電視攝影機的目的在於嚇阻顧客偷竊。 ＊shoplift [`ʃɑp͵lɪft] vi. 在商店中偷竊 ＊shoplifter [`ʃɑp͵lɪftɚ] n. 商店中的扒手

detergent

[dɪ`tɝdʒənt] n. 洗潔劑 This laundry detergent can effectively remove stains from clothes. 這種洗衣精可以有效地去除衣服上的污漬。 ＊stain [sten] n. 污點 比較 a bar/cake of soap 一塊肥皂

deteriorate

[dɪ`tɪrɪə͵ret] vi. 惡化 片語 deteriorate into sth 惡化成某事 The patient's head injury deteriorated into brain damage. 病人頭部的傷惡化為腦部損傷。 Mary was distressed to see her grandmother's health deteriorating day after day. 瑪麗看見奶奶的健康一天天惡化心裡很是難過。 ＊distressed [dɪ`strɛst] a. 痛苦／憂傷的

disastrous

[dɪ`zæstrəs] a. 災難的 This policy turned out to have a disastrous effect on our economy. 這項政策結果對我們的經濟產生了浩劫性的影響。

dissolve

[dɪ`zɑlv] vt. vi. 溶解 片語 dissolve A in B 使 A 溶解於 B 之中 dissolve in sth 溶解於某物 Dissolve the tablets in warm water before you take them. 把藥片投入溫水中溶解後再行服用。 The instant coffee powder didn't completely dissolve because the water was not hot enough. 因為水溫不夠高，即溶咖啡粉末並未完全溶解。

dictation

[dɪk`teʃən] n. 口述，聽寫，指定，命令 片語 take dictation 聽寫 Great typing skills are required to take dictation in a courtroom. 在法庭聽寫紀錄需要很棒的打字技術。 It's not John's nature to do things at others' dictation. 聽別人的指揮行事不是約翰的本性。

disable

[dɪs`ebḷ] vt. 使喪失能力，使殘廢，使（機器）無法使用 That accident left Cindy disabled and confined to a wheelchair for the rest of her life. 那起意外讓辛蒂身體不良於行，後半生都得在輪椅上度過。 ＊be confined to... 被限制在⋯⋯ Frank got caught when he was trying to disable the car alarm. 法蘭克試圖解除汽車警報器時被逮個正著。 比較 enable [ɪn`ebḷ] vt. 使能夠 ③ enable sb to V This special pair of glasses enables you to see things in the dark, just as if you were in broad daylight. 這副特製眼鏡讓你在黑暗中看東西就好像 在大白天一樣。

disabled

[dɪs`ebḷd] a. 殘障的 片語 the disabled 行動不便人士 Many public facilities here don't have proper access for the disabled. 這邊很多公共設施都沒有考量到行動不便人士的需求。

disgrace

[dɪs`gres] n. 恥辱，令人可恥的事 vt. 使丟臉 片語 bring disgrace on sb 使某人蒙羞 in disgrace 不光彩地 be a disgrace to sb/sth 對某人／某物是恥辱 disgrace oneself by V-ing 因某作為而使自己蒙羞 The official's involvement in the scandal has brought disgrace on his family. 這位官員涉及醜聞，使家人蒙羞。 I'd rather die than live in disgrace. 我寧死也不願苟活。 Todd's poor performance at the game was a disgrace to his team. 陶德在比賽中差勁的表現對他所屬的球隊而言是個奇恥大辱。 Jim disgraced himself by getting drunk and making a scene at the party. 吉姆在派對上酩酊大醉，當眾丟人現眼而使自己蒙羞。 ＊make a scene 當眾丟人現眼

disgraceful

[dɪs`gresfəl] a. 可恥的，不名譽的 片語 It's disgraceful + that 子句 ⋯⋯真是可恥 Mike's disgraceful behavior embarrassed the entire company. 邁可不恥的行為使得整個公司蒙羞。 It is disgraceful that Larry sold drugs to school kids to make money. 賴瑞為了賺錢而向學童販售毒品，真是令人覺得可恥。

disclose

[dɪs`kloz] vt. 揭露 片語 disclose sth to sb 揭露某事給某人知道 The minister refused to disclose details of the agreement to the press. 部長拒絕向媒體透露該協定的細節。

disclosure

[dɪs`kloʒɚ] n. 揭露的事（不可數） The disclosure of the senator's scandal has ruined his reputation. 該參議員醜聞的揭露使他身敗名裂。 ＊senator [`sɛnətɚ] n.（美國）參議員 ＊reputation [͵rɛpjə`teʃən] n. 名氣

discomfort

[dɪs`kʌmfɚt] n. 不舒適，不適 vt. 使不舒服 I apologize if what I said caused you any discomfort. 如果我說的話傷了你，那真的很抱歉。 Ruby was slightly discomforted by her friend Lucy's indifferent attitude toward the whole matter. 露比見她朋友露西對這整件事一副事不關己的模樣，心裡有點不太舒服。 ＊indifferent [ɪn`dɪfərənt] a. 不關心的

dismay

[dɪs`me] vt. 使憂慮，氣餒 n. 驚慌，沮喪，氣餒 片語 To sb's dismay,... 令某人失望的是⋯⋯ Judy was dismayed when her best friend Helen told her she couldn't make it to her wedding. 茱蒂覺得很沮喪，因為她最好的朋友海倫跟她說沒辦法參加她的婚禮。 To Peter's great dismay, his parents won't be able to attend his graduation ceremony. 彼得的父母沒辦法出席他的畢業典禮，讓他好生失望。

dismantle

[dɪs`mæntḷ] vt. 拆卸，解散 片語 dismantle sth 拆卸某物 - take sth apart - disassemble sth Eric dismantled his bike but could not put it back together again. 艾瑞克把腳踏車拆了，但是卻不會組裝回去。 The new minister dismantled the old health care system soon after he was sworn in. 新任部長就職不久後馬上就廢除了舊有的健保制度。 ＊swear sb in 帶領某人宣誓就職 ＊be sworn in 宣誓就職

displace

[dɪs`ples] vt. 取代，迫使離開（原來的地方） Human laborers will be gradually displaced by machines. 人力會逐漸被機器取代。 War and famine have displaced hundreds of thousands of this country's citizens. 戰爭和飢荒迫使該國數十萬的人民流離失所。 ＊famine [`fæmɪn] n. 饑荒 比較 replace [rɪ`ples] vt. 取代（- take the place of⋯）

displacement

[dɪs`plesmənt] n. 遷離（某地） The tsunami caused the displacement of thousands of people. 這次的海嘯造成數千人流離失所。 ＊tsunami [tsu`nɑmi] n. 海嘯

displease

[dɪs`pliz] vt. 使不悅 Tim was displeased when the new colleague spoke to him in an arrogant tone. 當這名新員工用傲慢的口氣與提姆說話時，他很不悅。

distrust

[dɪs`trʌst] vt. 不信任，懷疑 n. 不信任，懷疑 The opinion poll revealed people's distrust in the government after the scandal. 民意調查顯示，這起醜聞案後，民眾對政府不信任。 The cynical man distrusts everyone around him. 這個憤世嫉俗的人對周遭的人皆不信任。

distortion

[dɪs`tɔrtʃən] n. 扭曲 What the reporter wrote about the event was a complete distortion of the facts. 那位記者所寫關於這件事的報導完全扭曲了事實。

distort

[dɪs`tɔrtʃən] vt. 扭曲 The pop singer complained that his original statement had been completely distorted by the media. 這位流行歌手抱怨他早先的聲明被媒體給完全扭曲了。

disturbance

[dɪs`tɝbəns] n. 干擾，（群眾的）騷動，輕微衝突 片語 cause/create a disturbance 妨礙安寧，妨礙公眾秩序 A few football fans were arrested for causing a disturbance during the game. 有幾個足球迷在比賽中途因為妨礙秩序被逮捕。 Phone calls in the middle of a movie can be a great disturbance. 電影看到一半電話響起會是一大干擾。 There was a disturbance between the protesters and the riot police, but fortunately no one was injured. 抗議者跟鎮暴警察間有輕微衝突，但所幸無人受傷。

discharge

[dɪs`tʃɑrdʒ] vt. 允許離開（出院、退伍），排放（液體，氣體） n. 允許離開 片語 be discharged from the army 從軍中（義務役）退伍 be discharged from the hospital 出院 discharge sth into sth 將某物排放至某物中 Tom was discharged from the army due to his mental breakdown. 湯姆因為精神崩潰而從軍中退伍。 The factory was fined for discharging industrial wastewater directly into the ocean. 這家工廠因為直接將工業廢水排放至海洋裡而被罰款。 The doctor visited Mr. Thompson at home on a weekly basis after his discharge from the hospital. 自從湯普遜先生獲准出院後，這名醫生固定每周都會去他家看他。

discrimination

[dɪ͵skrɪmə`neʃən] n. 歧視，區別，辨識力 片語 racial/sex/religious discrimination 種族／性別／宗教歧視 Even today, racial discrimination is still prevalent in this country. 即使到了今天，種族歧視在這個國家還是很普遍。 ＊prevalent [`prɛvələnt] a. 普遍的 Children from age three to eight develop their ability of shape and color discrimination. 孩童在 3 到 8 歲時會發展他們形狀與顏色的辨識力。

dusk

[dʌsk] n. 傍晚 片語 from dawn to dusk 從早到晚 The peasants worked from dawn to dusk, striving to earn a living. 這些農夫們從早工作到晚，努力維持溫飽。 ＊strive [straɪv] vi. 努力

genetic

[dʒə`nɛtɪk] a. 基因的 The doctor suggested I do a genetic test so he could understand my disease better. 醫師建議我做基因測試檢查以更了解我的疾病。

genetics

[dʒə`nɛtɪks] n. 基因學（不可數） The study of genetics has made the prevention of birth defects possible. 基因學的研究可預防先天性缺陷。 ＊prevention [prɪ`vɛnʃən] n. 預防 ＊defect [`difɛkt dɪ`fɛkt] n. 缺陷 延伸 genetically modified food 基因改良食物（常簡寫為 GM food） Many people still question the safety of eating genetically modified food. 許多人對於食用基因改良食物的安全性仍存疑。

phase

[fez] n. 階段，時期 vt. 分段實行 片語 phase in... 逐漸採用，逐步實施 phase out... 逐漸淘汰，逐步撤出 We're entering a new phase in communication technology. 我們正進入傳播科技的新時期。 Many teachers agreed to phase in this book as a basic textbook for students. 很多老師同意逐步採用此書，作為學生的基本教材。 We are phasing out our dial telephones. 我們逐漸淘汰撥號盤式話機。

fleet

[flit] n. 船隊，艦隊，車、飛機等運輸工具的隊伍 片語 a fleet of ships/aircraft 船隊／機隊 Honolulu is a major port for the US naval fleet. 檀香山是美國海軍艦隊的主要集散港口。 American Airlines owns a large fleet of aircraft. 美國航空公司擁有數量龐大的機群。 ＊aircraft [`ɛr͵kræft] n. 飛機；航空器（單複數同形，上例句中的 aircraft 是複數）

flare

[flɛr] vi. （火焰）閃耀，突然生氣 片語 flare up （火焰）熊熊燃燒；突然生氣；疾病復發 The old man put more logs on the fire to make it flare (up) again. 老伯伯丟了更多木頭到火裡，好讓火再度熊熊燃燒。 Tempers flared (up) as five hundred passengers were stuck at the airport without anything to eat or drink. 5 百名乘客被困在機場沒得吃沒得喝，大家的怒氣因此爆發了出來。 In the middle of the game, my old ankle injury flared up again. 比賽進行到一半時，我腳踝的舊傷又復發了。

fling

[flɪŋ] vt. （使勁地）丟 We knew something was wrong when Alice crumpled up the letter and flung it at the wall. 愛麗絲把這封信揉爛並砸到牆壁上時，我們就知道事情不對了。 ＊crumple [`krʌmpḷ] vt. 弄皺

frail

[frel] a. 虛弱的 The frail health of my grandmother makes traveling impossible. 我奶奶虛弱的身子根本不可能去旅行。

freak

[frik] n. 狂熱愛好者，怪胎 Tim is a comic book freak. He often dresses himself up like the characters from the comic books. 提姆是個漫畫狂。他經常把自己打扮成漫畫書中人物的樣子。

fraud

[frɔd] n. 欺騙行為，詐欺 Convicted of credit card fraud, the American was sentenced to three years in prison. 信用卡詐欺罪名成立後，這位美國人被判刑 3 年。

fret

[frɛt] vi. 煩惱（與介詞 about 並用） 片語 fret about/over... 對⋯⋯苦惱 Henry is fretting about what he should say when he proposes to his girlfriend. 亨利正在煩惱他向女友求婚時該說些什麼。

foresee

[fɔr`si] vt. 預見，預測 None of us foresaw what the boss was going to do with this financial crisis. 我們都無法預測老闆對這次的財務危機將如何處理。 Few analysts foresaw that natural gas prices would rise steeply. 沒幾個分析師預測到天然氣價格會急遽攀升。 ＊steeply [`stiplɪ] adv. 急遽地 用法 foresee + that + S + V 預測⋯⋯ foresee + 疑問詞（如： how/what why...引導的名詞子句）預測如何／怎麼／為何⋯⋯ No one foresaw that the war would end so quickly. - No one foresaw why the war would end so quickly. 沒人預測到戰爭會如此快結束。

facilitate

[fə`sɪlə͵tet] vt. 促進，幫助 The new policies are expected to facilitate economic growth. 這些新的政策預期會帶動經濟成長。

familiarity

[fə͵mɪlɪ`ærətɪ] n. 通曉，熟悉，親近（皆為不可數） 片語 one's familiarity with sth 某人通曉某事 Alan's familiarity with Japan made it easy for us to travel from city to city. 阿倫對日本很熟悉，因此我們可以很輕鬆地穿梭在各個城市之間。 The familiarity of this restaurant made me feel at home. 這家餐廳很親切，讓我有賓至如歸之感。 諺語 Familiarity breeds contempt. 相處過於親密，就會生侮慢之心。（＊breed [brid] vt. 培育，產生）

forsake

[fɚ`sek] vt. 遺棄 The forsaken fortress was eventually transformed into a popular restaurant. 這座被棄置的堡壘後來被改建為一家頗受歡迎的餐廳。 ＊fortress [`fɔrtrɪs] n. 堡壘

fidelity

[fɪ`dɛlətɪ] n. 忠貞，忠誠（不可數） 片語 high fidelity 高傳真（- hi-fi） Robbie began to doubt his girlfriend's fidelity when she began to work overtime every night. 當羅比的女友開始每晚加班時，他對她的忠誠度便起疑了。 John bought high fidelity recording equipment for his studio. - John bought hi-fi recording equipment for his studio. 約翰為他的錄音室買了一組高傳真的錄音設備。

grope

[grop] vi. 摸黑探索 片語 grope for sth 四處摸索找尋某物 I groped around for the light switch in the dark room. 我在黑暗的房間裡摸索電燈開關。 Katherine groped her way to the door through the darkness. 凱瑟琳摸黑找門出去。

graph

[græf] n. （長條）圖表 片語 a bar graph 柱狀圖 a line graph 線狀圖 I made a line graph that showed sales increases since 1997. 我做了一份線狀圖，圖中顯示自 1997 年來的業績成長。 延伸 chart [tʃɑrt] n.（塊狀）圖表 a pie chart 圓餅圖

grill

[grɪl] vt. vi. （用烤架）烤 Our beef is grilled to perfection and topped with fresh onions. 我們的牛肉烤得恰到好處，上面加上新鮮的洋蔥。 Grill the sausages until they are sizzling and then remove them from the pan. 把香腸烤到熟得茲茲響，然後把它們從平底鍋拿起。 ＊sizzle [`sɪzḷ] vi.（熱油）發出嘶嘶聲 延伸 bake [bek] vt. & vi.（用烤箱）烤，烘② roast [rost] vt. & vi.（用炭火）烤③ broil [brɔɪl] vt. & vi.（用瓦斯爐或烤架）烤④

guerrilla

[gə`rɪlə] n. 游擊隊員 片語 guerrilla war/warfare 游擊戰 While entering the jungle, all of the soldiers were on high alert out of fear of being attacked by enemy guerrillas. 進入叢林時，所有士兵都提高警覺，害怕受到游擊隊員的攻擊。 ＊alert [ə`lɝt] a. 警覺的 ＊be on high alert 保持高度警覺

hail

[hel] vt. 歡呼相迎，招呼，呼叫 n. 冰雹 片語 hail sb as... 將某人譽為⋯⋯ hail a cab/taxi 叫計程車 Albert Einstein was hailed as one of the most distinguished scientists in the twentieth century. 亞伯特‧愛因斯坦被譽為是 20 世紀最傑出的科學家之一。 I think it's going to take ages for the bus to come. Let's hail a cab, shall we? 我想巴士還要等很久才會來。我們叫計程車如何？ The firefighter who rescued the child from the fire was hailed as a hero by people waiting outside. 把小孩從火場中救出來的這名消防員被外面等待的人們歡呼相迎，譽為英雄。 I hailed Susan from across the street, but apparently she didn't notice me. 我從對街向蘇珊打了聲招呼，但是她似乎沒注意到我。 Because of the hail, I have three dents on the roof of my car. 由於下冰雹，我的車頂上有三個凹陷。 ＊dent [dɛnt] n. 凹陷

humane

[hju`men] a. 有人性的，有人情味的 The prisoners were surprised at the humane treatment they received while in US custody. 那些囚犯對於他們被拘留在美國時所受到的人性化對待感到訝異。 ＊custody [`kʌstədɪ] n. 拘留，看管

humiliate

[hju`mɪlɪ͵et] vt. 使丟臉，使羞辱 Getting involved in the scandal humiliated the politician and his family. 這名政客因涉及醜聞而使自己與家人蒙羞。

humiliating

[hju`mɪlɪ͵etɪŋ] a. 丟臉的，羞辱的 It was humiliating to be reprimanded by the principal in front of the whole school. 當著全校的面被校長責罵是非常丟臉的事。 ＊reprimand [͵rɛprə`mænd] vt. 責罵

humanitarian

[hju͵mænə`tɛrɪən] a. 人道主義的 n. 人道主義者 Rose is considered a compassionate humanitarian. 蘿絲被認為是個充滿同情心的人道主義者。 ＊compassionate [kəm`pæʃənɪt] a. 充滿同情心的 The United Nations is sending humanitarian aid to the war-stricken region. 聯合國正派遣人道救援前往那個飽受戰爭摧殘的地區。 ＊war-stricken [`wɔr͵strɪkən] a. 飽受戰爭摧殘的

humiliation

[hju͵mɪlɪ`eʃən] n. 羞辱 The man could not bear the pressure from the press and resigned in humiliation. 這個男子無法承受媒體的壓力，因而羞愧辭職。

hack

[hæk] vt. vi. 劈，砍，入侵電腦系統 片語 hack down 砍下 hack into... 入侵（電腦系統） There are mudslides every time a typhoon strikes this area because the whole forest that once prevented them has been hacked down. 那片可防止土石流發生的森林被砍光後，現在一有颱風就發生土石流。 ＊mudslide [`mʌd͵slaɪd] n. 土石流 ＊strike [straɪk] vt. 侵襲 ＊prevent [prɪ`vɛnt] vt. 避免 Five students were arrested for hacking into their school's computer system. 5 名學生因為入侵學校的電腦系統而遭到逮捕。

harass

[hə`ræs] vt. 騷擾 片語 sexually harass sb 對某人性騷擾 Nora kept complaining about being sexually harassed by Frank, her supervisor. 諾拉一直抱怨被她的上司法蘭克性騷擾。

harassment

[hə`ræsmənt] n. 騷擾（不可數） 片語 sexual harassment 性騷擾 In the workplace, women are much more prone to sexual harassment than men. 女性比起男性更易於在職場上被性騷擾。 ＊be prone to sth 易於遭受某事物之害

hypocrisy

[hɪ`pɑkrəsɪ] n. 虛偽 Many people felt the congressman's attendance at the fundraiser was an act of hypocrisy. 許多人認為那位國會議員出席這場資金籌募活動根本就是虛偽的行為。 ＊fundraiser [`fʌnd͵rezɚ] n. 募款活動

hysterical

[hɪs`tɛrɪkḷ] a. 歇斯底里的，極可笑的 Nora became hysterical when she learned of her son's plan to jump off a roof into a swimming pool. 諾拉得知她兒子要從屋頂上跳進游泳池的計畫時，整個人變得歇斯底里起來。 The movie I saw yesterday was really hysterical. 我昨晚看的那場電影真是好笑極了。

hunch

[hʌntʃ] n. 預感，直覺 vt. vi. （使）背部隆起 片語 have a hunch that... 有⋯⋯的預感 - have a feeling that... hunch over... 將背隆起緊靠著⋯⋯ I have a hunch that it will rain this afternoon. 我有預感今天下午會下雨。 The student hunched over her desk as she studied. 這名學生唸書時把背隆起緊靠著書桌。

unanimously

[ju`nænəməslɪ] adv. 全體一致地 The motion made at the committee meeting was unanimously rejected. 在委員會會議上提出的臨時動議被全體一致地否決了。 ＊motion [`moʃən] n. 臨時動議

uranium

[ju`renɪəm] n. 鈾 Uranium is used to produce nuclear weapons, so all governments keep a close watch over it. 鈾是用來製作核子武器的原料，因此各國政府都會嚴加控管。

utensil

[ju`tɛnsḷ] n. 器具，用具 片語 kitchen utensils 廚房用具 A whisk is a kitchen utensil for beating eggs and cream. 攪拌器是一種用來打蛋和奶油的廚房用具。 ＊whisk [(h)wɪsk] n. 攪拌器

utility

[ju`tɪlətɪ] n. 水電瓦斯（常用複數），效用（不可數） 片語 public utilities 公用事業（如電力公司、自來水公司） utility bills 水電瓦斯帳單 Our utilities were shut off for repair, so we couldn't take a bath. 我們的水電瓦斯因為維修而被切斷，所以我們沒辦法洗澡。 I usually receive my utility bills near the end of the month. 我通常在快到月底時收到水電瓦斯的帳單。 Tests have proven the utility of this product. 試驗結果證實了這項產品的效用。

yearn

[jɝn] vi. 渴望; 懷念 片語 yearn to V 渴望做⋯⋯ - long to V - desire to V - crave to V yearn for sth 渴望得到某物 - long for sth - crave (for) sth When Sam was 18, he yearned to leave home and live by himself. 山姆 18 歲的時候便渴望離開家裡，自己一個人生活。 William yearns for the peace and quietness a rural life has to offer. 威廉渴望鄉村生活的平靜安寧。

unanimous

[jʊ`nænəməs] a. 全體一致的 片語 be unanimous in + N/V-ing 在⋯⋯方面全體一致贊同 James was elected chairman by a unanimous vote. 大家一致推選詹姆士為主席。 The local people were unanimous in their opposition to the construction of a nuclear plant in their area. 當地民眾一致反對在他們那區興建核能發電廠。

queue

[kju] vi. 排隊 n. 長龍，一排 片語 queue up 排隊〔英〕 - line up;;〔美〕 Cars queued up in front of the tollgate. 車子在收費站前大排長龍。 ＊tollgate [`tol͵get] n. 收費站 We stood in a queue for about one hour, waiting to ride on the roller-coaster. 我們排了將近 1 小時的隊，等著坐雲霄飛車。

clone

[klon] n. 人工繁殖出的動植物 vt. 複製 Some scientists believe that clones can benefit mankind in many aspects, though there still exist unresolved ethical problems. 有些科學家認為複製的動物或植物可以在許多方面帶給人類助益，雖然目前仍有尚未解決的倫理問題。 ＊ethical [`ɛθɪkḷ] a. 倫理的 Many people think that cloning animals is an act against nature. 許多人認為複製動物是違背自然的舉動。

clamp

[klæmp] vt. 夾緊，強行實施 n. 夾鉗 片語 clamp down on... 強行取締⋯⋯ - crack down on... When the trap clamped its hind foot, the bear groaned in pain. 陷阱夾住這隻熊的後腳時，牠痛得呻吟。 ＊hind [haɪnd] a. 後面的 The government promised to clamp down on pornography. 政府承諾強行取締色情書刊。 ＊pornography [pɔr`nɑgrəfɪ] n. 色情刊物 You can tighten or loosen the clamp by turning this handle. 你可以旋轉這個把手調整夾鉗的鬆緊度。

clench

[klɛntʃ] vt. 握緊（拳頭），咬緊（牙關） 片語 clench one's fists 握緊雙拳 do sth with clenched teeth 咬緊牙關做某事 Jacob clenched his fists in rage when he was told about his dismissal. 在獲知自己被解僱時，雅各憤怒地緊握雙拳。 Although the mission was hard to carry out, Tom still performed it with clenched teeth. 雖然這個任務很難達成，但湯姆仍咬緊牙關去執行。

cleanse

[klɛnz] vt. 清洗（傷口），使潔淨 片語 cleanse A of B 將 B 從 A 清除掉 Before you bandage your wound, cleanse it thoroughly to prevent infection. 在你包紮傷口前，先將傷口徹底清潔以預防感染。 The police chief pledged to cleanse the city of crime. 該警察局長承諾將掃除本市一切犯罪活動。

coherence

[ko`hɪrəns] n. 連貫性 There is no coherence between the first and the second half of the book. 這本書的前半部和後半部沒有連貫性。

coherent

[ko`hɪrənt] a. 連貫的，一致的 片語 a coherent account/explanation argument 連貫一致的陳述／解釋／論點 Hank's lecture was clear and coherent, so students understood him easily. 漢克講課清楚又連貫，所以學生很容易瞭解。 The next section of this chapter will teach you how to write a coherent essay. 本章的下一節將會教你如何撰寫條理清晰的文章。

cocaine

[ko`ken] n. 古柯鹼 Cocaine trafficking in this country is punishable by death. 在該國走私古柯鹼可判處死刑。 ＊trafficking [`træfɪkɪŋ] n. 走私 延伸 amphetamine [æm`fɛtə͵min] n. 安非他命 LSD [͵ɛlɛs`di] n. 一種迷幻藥 opium [`opjəm] n. 鴉片 marijuana [͵mɑrɪ`(h)wɑnə] n. 大麻

coordinate

[ko`ɔrdṇ͵et] vt. 協調 The boss appointed a new manager to coordinate the advertising, print, and marketing department. 老闆指派一名新的經理以協調廣告部、印務部以及行銷部。 It's difficult for little babies to coordinate their movements. 對小寶寶而言，協調肢體動作很困難。

coincidence

[ko`ɪnsɪdəns] n. 巧合 片語 by pure/sheer coincidence 碰巧 What a coincidence! I'm going shopping, too. 真巧啊！我也正要去購物。 By sheer coincidence, Mr. Johnson was in the shop, too, when I was there speaking ill of him with my friends. 真夠巧的，我在那家店裡跟朋友說強森老師壞話的時候，老師也在裡面。

coordination

[ko͵ɔrdɪ`neʃən] n. 協調，協同 片語 in coordination with... 協同⋯⋯ Coordination is the essence of teamwork. 協調是合作的要素。 ＊essence [`ɛsṇs] n. 要素 This brochure is produced by the Tourism Bureau in coordination with the local travel agencies. 這本小冊子由觀光局協同地方旅行社共同製作。 ＊brochure [bro`ʃʊr] n.（旅遊介紹等的）小冊子

criterion

[kraɪ`tɪrɪən] 複數形: criteria [kraɪ`tɪrɪə] n. （評斷、批評的）標準 A high educational background is not the sole criterion we use for selecting suitable new staff. 高學歷背景不是我們用來選擇適合員工的唯一條件。 ＊sole [sol] a. 唯一的 比較 standard [`stændɚd] n.（工作品質、生活品質的）水準，水平

crude

[krud] a. 大約的，粗糙的，粗俗的，未加工的 片語 crude jokes/language 粗俗的笑話／語言 crude oil 原油 Currently, I can only give you a crude estimate of the number of victims who died in this terrorist attack. 目前，關於這次恐怖攻擊的死傷人數，我只能給你一個大約的數字。 This crude bridge was built for temporary use during the typhoon. 這座簡陋的橋是颱風期間臨時搭建使用的。 ＊temporary [`tɛmpə͵rɛrɪ] a. 暫時的 Paul's crude jokes embarrassed the girls in the group. 保羅粗俗的笑話讓隊裡的女孩子感到很尷尬。 The government is concerned that the surging crude oil prices will lead to inflation. 政府擔心原油價的急速上漲會引發通貨膨脹。 ＊surge [sɝdʒ] vi. 激增 ＊inflation [ɪn`fleʃən] n. 通貨膨脹

cruise

[kruz] vi. 緩慢地航行，飛行，巡邏 n. 乘船遊蕩 We spent the whole night cruising down the highway in our truck. 我們整晚開著小卡車在公路上閒晃。 The airplane is now cruising at an altitude of 30,000 feet. 飛機現在正在 30,000 英尺的高度巡航。 A police car cruised through the street each night. 每晚都有輛警車在街上巡邏。 My dream is to take a round-the-world cruise. 我的夢想是航遊全世界。

cramp

[kræmp] n. 抽筋 vt. 束縛 片語 have/get a cramp 抽筋 cramp sb's style 限制某人而使某人掃興 The tennis player got a sudden cramp in the middle of the game. 這名網球選手在比賽進行到一半時腳突然抽筋。 Patrick didn't want Sandy to go to the party with him because she would cramp his style. 派翠克不希望珊蒂跟他一起去派對，因為她會處處限制他，讓他掃興。

crook

[krʊk] n. 彎曲的部分，騙子 片語 by hook or by crook 不擇手段 - by fair means or foul（＊fair [fɛr] a. 公正的 foul [faʊl] a. 骯髒的 means [minz] n. 方法） The girl carried her books in the crook of her arm. 這女孩帶了幾本書夾在臂彎處。 The salesman cheated me into buying a fake watch. He's a real crook. 那位業務員騙我買了只假手錶。他真是個騙子。 We'll get the contract, by hook or by crook. 我們會用盡一切方法得到那份合約。

crust

[krʌst] n. 麵包皮，地殼（與定冠詞 the 並用） 片語 the Earth's crust 地殼 Bread crust is often brown and crunchy. 麵包皮是棕色的而且通常很脆。 ＊crunchy [`krʌntʃɪ] a. 酥脆的 The Earth's crust is about 25 miles thick on average beneath the surface. 從地表以下推算，地殼厚度平均約 25 英里。

quaint

[kwent] a. 古雅而又奇特的 We paid a visit to a quaint seaside village at the end of our journey in Greece. 我們希臘之行接近尾聲時前往探訪了一個古雅的海濱村莊。

quench

[kwɛntʃ] vt. 解（渴），撲滅 片語 quench sb's thirst 解某人的渴 quench a fire 滅火 An ice cold beer is the perfect thing to quench my thirst. 一罐冰涼的啤酒是解渴最完美的東西。 As a child, I often went to the library to quench my thirst for knowledge. 小時候我經常去圖書館滿足我對知識的渴望。 Luckily, the firemen were able to quench the fire in time, and the neighboring houses weren't damaged. 幸運的是，消防隊員及時滅火，隔壁的房子沒有毀損。

cashier

[kæ`ʃɪr] n. （商店）收銀員 The cashier told the police that she did not see the suspect's face, but she could recognize his voice. 收銀員告訴警方她沒看到嫌疑犯的臉，但是她能認出他的聲音。 延伸 cash register 收銀機

captivity

[kæp`tɪvətɪ] n. 監禁 片語 be held in captivity 監禁 Shortly after the civil war broke out, more than three thousand people were held in captivity by the rebel troops. 內戰爆發不久，便有 3 千多人遭到叛軍軍隊監禁。 比較 captivate [`kæptə͵vet] vt. 使著迷 I was totally captivated by Mary's beauty the first time I met her. 我第一次見到瑪麗就被她的美完全給迷住 了。

cosmetic

[kɑz`mɛtɪk] n. 化妝品，美容品（可數，常用為複數形 cosmetics） a. 化妝的 The doctor suggested I use oil-free cosmetics because I have acne problems. 醫師建議我使用不含油的化妝品因為我有青春痘的問題。 ＊acne [`æknɪ] n. 面皰，青春痘（醫學名稱） Cosmetic products are supposed to make their user more beautiful and attractive. 化妝類產品應該讓其使用者變得更漂亮更迷人。 用法 a. 因為化妝品包括像是睫毛膏、口紅、眼影⋯⋯等等，因此常用複數形。 b. 國人常將 makeup（化妝）與 cosmetics（化妝品）混為一體。makeup 為強調上妝之後的結果。 Mary didn't wear any makeup today, but she looks beautiful just the same. 瑪麗今天沒有上妝，但還是一樣漂亮。 不可說： Mary didn't wear any cosmetics today. (×) 瑪麗今天臉上沒有塗上化妝品。

corps

[kɔr] n. 軍隊，部隊 片語 the Peace Corps （美國）和平工作團 the marine corps 海軍陸戰隊 Doris served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Nigeria in her twenties. 朵莉絲在她 20 多歲時曾擔任和平工作團在奈及利亞的志工。 比較 corpse [kɔrps] n. 屍體

core

[kɔr] n. （水果）果核 ，中心部分 片語 an apple core 蘋果核 the core of the problem 問題核心部分 be rotten to the core （人）壞透了；（物）爛透了 The lack of funding for this project is the core of the problem. 缺少資金才是這個企劃案問題的核心。 Billy is rotten to the core! Money is the only thing he cares about. 比利這個人爛透了！他眼裡只有錢。

corpse

[kɔrps] n. （人類的）屍體 A decayed corpse of a young woman was found in the woods. 這座樹林裡發現了一具腐爛的年輕女屍。 ＊decayed [dɪ`ked] a. 腐爛的 延伸 corps [kɔr] n. 軍團 General Woodward was promoted to Commandant of the Marine Corps. 伍德沃德上將獲晉升為海軍陸戰隊司令。＊commandant [͵kɑmən`dænt] n. 指揮官；軍校校長

collide

[kə`laɪd] vi. 碰撞，衝突 片語 collide with sth 與某物碰撞 collide with sb over sth 因某事與某人起衝突 The bus ran a red light and collided with a truck. 這輛巴士闖紅燈，和一台卡車發生碰撞。 The committee members collided with each other over the project. 委員會成員對該計劃的意見相左，彼此起了衝突。

colloquial

[kə`lokwɪəl] a. 口語的，會話的 片語 a colloquial expression 口語用字 It would not be appropriate to use colloquial words and phrases in a formal business letter. 在正式的商業書信內使用口語字眼和片語是不適當的。

collector

[kə`lɛktɚ] n. 收集某物之人，收藏家 Tony has been a stamp collector for many years. 東尼收集郵票多年了。 延伸 a stamp collector 郵票收藏家 a tax collector 稅吏 a ticket collector 收票員 a garbage collector 垃圾清潔工（注意，非垃圾收藏家。）

collective

[kə`lɛktɪv] a. 集體的，共同的 The board has reached a collective decision on the matter. 董事會已就該議題做出了共同的決定。 延伸 collective interests 集體利益 collective memory 集體記憶（一個民族共同的歷史記憶）

cholesterol

[kə`lɛstə͵rol] n. 膽固醇 Too much cholesterol in your body will increase the risk of heart disease. 身體內若有太多的膽固醇會增加心臟方面疾病的風險。 比較 steroid [`stɛrɔɪd] n. 類固醇 The boxer received a 10-match suspension for taking steroids. 該拳擊手因服用類固醇遭禁賽 10 回。＊suspension [sə`spɛnʃən] n. 中止，停賽

condense

[kən`dɛns] vt. 縮簡 vi. 凝結 片語 condense...into... 把⋯⋯縮減為⋯⋯ The student condensed a great deal of material into a 10-page report. 學生把大量的資料縮減成一篇 10 頁的報告。 Steam condenses into water when it cools. 蒸氣冷卻時凝結為水。

collision

[kə`lɪʒən] n. 撞擊，衝突 片語 a head-on collision 對撞 be in a collision with sth 與某物對撞 a collision between A and B A 與 B 之間的衝突 Fifty people were killed in a head-on collision at 5 this morning. 今天凌晨 5 點，有 50 人在一場對撞意外中喪生。 Leon's sports car was in a collision with a bus yesterday morning. Fortunately, no one was killed or injured. 里昂的跑車在昨天早上和一輛公車對撞。所幸無人傷亡。 Experts were afraid of a collision between the two countries over the nuclear issue. 專家擔心為了核子議題，這兩國會發生衝突。

communicative

[kə`mjunə͵ketɪv] a. 善溝通的，對話的 A good leader is not only communicative but also willing to listen. 好的領導人不只要善於溝通也要願意傾聽。 I took some conversation classes to increase my communicative abilities in English. 我上了一些會話課以提升我英文的對話能力。

commemorate

[kə`mɛmə͵ret] vt. 慶祝，紀念 The Roman emperor built this arch to commemorate his victory. 該羅馬皇帝建造這座拱門來紀念他的勝利。 ＊arch [ɑrtʃ] n. 拱門；牌樓

commence

[kə`mɛns] vt. vi. 開始 片語 commence + N/V-ing 開始⋯⋯ commence with sth 以某事開始 Our company commenced business in January of last year. 我們公司去年元月開始營業。 We'll commence renovating the lecture hall in August. 我們會在 8 月時會開始重新整修演講廳。 ＊renovate [`rɛnə͵vet] vt. 整修 The celebration commenced with fireworks and a parade. 慶祝典禮以煙火和遊行活動展開序幕。

commencement

[kə`mɛnsmənt] n. 開始 The audience were advised to switch off their cell phones before the commencement of the show. 表演開始之前，觀眾被建議關掉手機。 延伸 a commencement/graduation ceremony 畢業典禮 the commencement of sth 某活動的開端

commitment

[kə`mɪtmənt] n. 承諾（可數），奉獻（不可數） 片語 make a commitment to + N/V-ing/V 對⋯⋯做承諾 sb's commitment to + N/V-ing 某人對⋯⋯的奉獻 - sb's dedication to + N/V-ing The company makes a commitment to provide quality products to its customers. 該公司承諾提供給客戶高品質的產品。 Peter's commitment to work has won the respect of his colleagues. 彼得對工作的奉獻贏得了同事的尊敬。

caress

[kə`rɛs] vt. 愛撫 n. 愛撫 Paul began to caress Carol lovingly and tenderly on her cheek. 保羅開始充滿愛意又溫柔地愛撫著卡洛兒的臉頰。 ＊tenderly [`tɛndɚlɪ] adv. 溫柔地 The gentle caress of Sarah's boyfriend made her feel safe and loved. 男友對莎拉的輕柔愛撫讓她覺得安全又被愛。

catastrophe

[kə`tæstrəfɪ] n. 災難 片語 economic/environmental/nuclear catastrophe 經濟／環境／核子災難 prevent a catastrophe 預防一場災難 The recent cyclone in Bangladesh was a real catastrophe. 最近在孟加拉的那場颶風真是一場大災難。 I can't imagine what a catastrophe it will be if we lose Mr. Hank, our most important client. 我無法想像，要是我們失去最重要的客戶漢克先生的話，那將會是一場什麼樣的災難。 It would be a catastrophe if we let Victor be our leader. 維克多來當我們的領導將會是一場災難。

compile

[kəm`paɪl] vt. 彙編（成冊） 片語 compile a dictionary/list 彙編字典／名單 Seventeen linguists spent nearly seven years compiling this dictionary. 17 位語言學家花了近 7 年時間彙編這本字典。 比較 edit [`ɛdɪt] vt. 編輯（文字、版面）

complexity

[kəm`plɛksətɪ] 複數形: complexities [kəm`plɛksɪtɪz] n. 複雜性（不可數），複雜之處（常用複數） 片語 a problem of great complexity 極為複雜的問題 The complexity of the problem is far beyond my imagination. 這個問題的複雜程度遠超出我的想像。 Our aim is to help the public understand the complexities of the city's financial problems. 我們的目標是幫助大眾了解該城市財務問題的複雜之處。 比較 complexion [kəm`plɛkʃən] n.（臉的）膚色 Jane has a fair complexion. 阿珍的面容白皙。

complexion

[kəm`plɛkʃən] n. 膚色 片語 a dark complexion 深色膚色 a fair complexion 淺色膚色 Sophie has a darker complexion than her twin sister. 蘇菲的膚色較雙胞胎姐姐深。

component

[kəm`ponənt] n. 要素，組成份子 片語 a key/vital/major component of sth 某事物的重要組成要素 Economic diplomacy has been a key component of India's foreign policy. 經濟外交一直以來都是印度外交政策重要的一部份。

comprise

[kəm`praɪz] vt. 包含，由⋯⋯組成 片語 comprise sth 包含某物 be comprised of... 由⋯⋯組成 - be composed of... - be made up of... 50 students comprise this class. - This class is comprised of 50 students. 班上有 50 個人。 The local high school is comprised mainly of Asian and Hispanic students 這所社區高中主要成員為亞裔以及西語裔的學生。 Our company's product line comprises 30 different items. 我們公司的產品線是由 30 種不同的產品所組成。

companionship

[kəm`pænjəm͵ʃɪp] n. 友誼，陪伴 片語 enjoy one's companionship/company 喜歡有某人的陪伴 Grandma enjoyed the companionship of her grandchildren during summer vacation. 外婆很開心暑假期間有孫子們的陪伴。

comparative

[kəm`pærətɪv] a. 比較的，相對的 The scholar is engaged in a comparative study of the economic systems of India and South Korea. 這位學者正忙於從事一項研究，比較印度和南韓兩國的經濟系統。 ABC Company is a comparative newcomer to the home appliances market. ABC 公司是家電市場上相當新的一家公司。

comparatively

[kəm`pærətɪvlɪ] adv. 比較起來說，相對地 片語 Comparatively speaking,... 比較而言，⋯⋯ The software is comparatively easy to install and use for computer beginners. 這個軟體對電腦初學者來說比較容易安裝及使用。

compatible

[kəm`pætəbḷ] a. （電腦）相容的，可共存的 片語 be compatible with sth （電腦）可和某物相容；可和某物共存 The new software is not compatible with our computer system. 新的軟體和我們的電腦系統不相容。 Aaron can't donate bone marrow to Sophie because their types aren't compatible. 艾倫不能捐骨髓給蘇菲，因為類型不合。 ＊marrow [`mæro] n. 髓

confide

[kən`faɪd] vt. 交付 vi. 吐露 片語 confide in sb 向某人吐露秘密 confide to sb + that 子句 向某人吐露某事 confide sth to sb 將某物託付給某人 Do you think Darren is a person I can confide in? 你認為達倫是一個可以讓我放心吐露秘密的人嗎？ Jack confided to me that he had been in love with a disabled girl. 傑克向我吐露他愛上了一個行動不便的女孩。 Karen confided her cat to her neighbor when she went abroad for vacation. 凱倫出國渡假時將貓託給鄰居照顧。

conform

[kən`fɔrm] vi. 遵守（規則、習俗）（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 conform to... 遵守⋯⋯ - abide by... - comply with... - obey... You'd better conform to the school regulations to avoid trouble. 你最好遵守校規，避免麻煩事。 Those who do not conform to social norms are usually considered insane by society. 拒絕遵守社會規範的人通常會被視作瘋子。 ＊insane [ɪn`sen] a. 瘋狂的

confer

[kən`fɝ] vi. 協商 vt. 授予（學位、証書） 片語 confer with sb on sth 與某人協商某事 confer a degree/diploma on sb 將某學位／証書頒授給某人 Brad conferred with his attorneys on this matter. 布萊德就此事和他的律師群商談。 ＊attorney [ə`tɝnɪ] n. 律師 An honorable degree was conferred on Toby by Harvard University last year. 哈佛大學在去年授予托比榮譽學位。

concise

[kən`saɪs] a. 簡明的，精簡的 A summary should be as clear and concise as possible. 一篇綱要要儘量簡單明瞭。

concede

[kən`sid] vi. 讓步 片語 concede to... 對⋯⋯讓步 - make concessions to... - yield to... - surrender to... - give in to... By no means will I concede to Peter's demands. 我絕對不會對彼得的要求讓步。

conceit

[kən`sit] n. 自大，自負 Self-conceit and prejudice against others made John blind to his own weakness. 自負和對他人的偏見讓約翰見不到自己的弱點。

conceited

[kən`sitɪd] a. 自負的 John is a conceited person and thinks he's better than everyone else. 約翰是個自負的人，認為自己比別人優秀。

conceive

[kən`siv] vt. 懷孕，構思，設想 片語 conceive a baby 懷了一個小孩 A woman usually gives birth nine months after conceiving a child. 女人通常懷胎九月才生下孩子。 John conceived a plan that we all supported. 我們都支持約翰所構思的計畫。 延伸 conceive 亦可作不及物動詞，與 of 並用，形成下列片語動詞： conceive of sth 想像／想到某事 An underwater wedding? Really, who would conceive of such a thing? 水中婚禮？說真的，誰會想到這種主意？

conspiracy

[kən`spɪrəsɪ] n. 陰謀 There have been rumors of conspiracies against the government since last September. 自去年 9 月開始就傳言有人密謀造反。

constituent

[kən`stɪtjʊənt] n. 選民 The constituents were so excited when they knew the person they voted was elected president. 選民們知道他們所投選的人當選總統後，都非常興奮。

consecutive

[kən`sɛkjʊtɪv] a. 連續的 片語 for five consecutive days 連續 5 天 - for five days in a row It has been raining for 3 consecutive days. - It has been raining for 3 days in a row. 已連下 3 天雨了。 The euro has appreciated in value for two consecutive weeks. 歐元已經連續升值了兩個星期。 比較 for hours/days/weeks on end 接連數小時／天／星期不停 注意，此為固定片語，與 on end 並用時，hours、days 或 weeks 之前不可再加上數字。 Lisa didn't sleep well for days on end. 麗莎有好幾天沒睡好了。

consensus

[kən`sɛnsəs] n. 共識 片語 reach a consensus 達成共識 So far we haven't reached any consensus on that matter. 到目前為止我們尚未就那件事達成任何共識。

conception

[kən`sɛpʃən] n. 懷孕，看法，觀念，概念 ]The premature baby was born only seven months after its conception. 那名早產兒是在懷孕僅 7 個月後就生下來的。 ＊premature [͵primə`tʃʊr] a. 早產的 Such an old conception about women should be forgotten. 這樣一個對女人的老舊看法應該被棄絕。 They had no conception that the earth orbits the sun. 他們對於地球繞太陽運轉一事毫無概念。

concession

[kən`sɛʃən] n. 讓步 When negotiating, sometimes you need to make some concessions to reach an agreement. 談判時，有時你需要做出讓步才能達成協議。

conserve

[kən`sɝv] vt. 保護（環境），節約（能源） 片語 conserve energy/electricity/water 節約能源／用電／用水 To conserve electricity, make sure you turn off the lights before you leave the office. 為了要省電，務必在你離開辦公室之前把燈都關掉。 New laws have been enacted to conserve wildlife in that mountain area. 政府已制定新的法規以保護該山區的野生環境。 比較 preserve [prɪ`zɝv] vt. 保存（食物）④ reserve [rɪ`zɝv] vt. 預訂（房間、位子） Deep freezing is the simplest way of preserving food. 冷凍是保藏食物最簡單的方法。 I'd like to reserve a room for two nights. 我想要預訂一間房住兩晚。

consumption

[kən`sʌmpʃən] n. 消耗（能源），攝取（食物），消費 The rapid increase in oil consumption has led scientists to search for alternative energy. 石油消耗量的快速增加促使科學家找尋替代能源。 ＊alternative [ɔl`tɝnətɪv] a. 替代的 After my liver operation, Dr. Peterson warned me to stop all alcohol consumption. 動完肝臟手術後，彼得森醫師警告我停止酒精的攝取。 In recent years, consumption of fatty processed foods has increased dramatically among teenagers. 最近幾年，高脂的加工食品在青少年族群中的消耗量大幅成長。 ＊dramatically [drə`mætɪkḷɪ] adv. 大幅度地；戲劇性地

contestant

[kən`tɛstənt] n. 參賽者，競爭者 Two contestants dropped out of the race for personal reasons. 兩名參賽者因個人因素而退出比賽。

lounge

[laʊndʒ] n. 會客廳，休息室 片語 a lounge bar 雅座酒吧 lounge music 沙發音樂 the departure lounge 候機室 Students are not allowed to enter the teachers' lounge unless there is an emergency. 除非有緊急狀況，否則學生不准進教師休息室。

prose

[proz] n. 散文（集合名詞，不可數） Vincent wrote several books of prose before retiring to the Italian countryside. 文森退休到義大利鄉村之前寫了幾本散文書。

lease

[lis] n. 租約 vt. 租借 片語 lease sth to sb 將某物租借給某人 Under the terms of the lease, we are not allowed to have pets in this apartment. 租約條約中有規定，我們不得在這棟公寓內養寵物。 The business center contains thirty-five rooms, about two thirds of which are leased to the city government. 這棟商業中心有 35 個房間，當中大約 3 分之 2 已租借給市政府。

longevity

[lɑn`dʒɛvətɪ] n. 長壽（不可數） Ned attributes his longevity to regular exercise, a balanced diet, and a carefree lifestyle. 奈德將長壽歸因於定期運動、均衡飲食及無憂無慮的生活方式。

lament

[lə`mɛnt] vt. 悲嘆 In the author's preface, he lamented the decline of moral standards in modern society. 這位作者在他的前言裡悲嘆現代社會道德標準的衰落。 ＊decline [dɪ`klaɪn] n. 衰落

legitimate

[lɪ`dʒɪtəmɪt]/[lɪ`dʒɪtə͵met] a. 合理的，合法的，合法婚姻所生的 vt. 合法化，合理化 片語 It is legitimate to V ⋯⋯是合法的 Management claimed that their reasons for rejecting the union's demands are perfectly legitimate. 管理部門宣稱他們拒絕公會要求的理由是完全合法合理的。 Prince Charles is the legitimate successor to the throne. 查理斯王子是王位的合法繼承人。 Since Gina is Mr. Parker's legitimate child, she is by law a potential heiress to his estate. 既然吉娜是帕克先生的合法婚生子女，她在法律上是可以成為他財產的繼承人。 ＊heiress [ɛrɪs] n. 女繼承人 ＊heir [ɛr] n. 男繼承人 John is trying to legitimate his own selfish behavior again. 約翰又在試圖將自己自私的行為自圓其說了。 延伸 perfectly legitimate 完全合法合理

linguistics

[lɪŋ`gwɪstɪks] n. 語言學（不可數） I took a course in applied linguistics in Columbia University last year. 我去年在哥倫比亞大學修了一門應用語言學。

lure

[lʊr] vt. 引誘 片語 lure sb into + N/V-ing 引誘某人⋯⋯ Advertisements lure consumers into buying things they don't necessarily need. 廣告會引誘消費者購買他們不見得需要的東西。

lush

[lʌʃ] a. （植物）翠綠而又茂盛的，綠意盎然的 The fields are lush with grass and flowers. 田野長滿了綠意盎然的花草。

migration

[maɪ`greʃən] n. 遷移 The scientist attached a tracking device to the bird to track its seasonal migration route. 科學家在這隻鳥身上安裝追蹤器以追蹤它的季節性遷移路線。

meek

[mik] a. 溫順的 片語 be as meek as a lamb 很溫馴（像小羊般地溫馴） Because Jenny is usually as meek as a lamb, we were all shocked when she slammed her fist on the desk and began yelling. 珍妮平常表現得很溫馴，所以當她揮拳敲桌子且開始吼叫時，我們都嚇到了。

municipal

[mju`nɪsəpḷ] a. 市立的 片語 the municipal transport system 市立交通系統 There is a municipal parking lot near the city hall. 市政府附近有一座市立停車場。

mute

[mjut] a. 無聲的，啞巴的 The governor has remained mute about his stance with regard to the new laws for migrant workers. 這位州長針對關於季節性勞工新法條的立場始終保持沉默。 ＊stance [stæns] n. 立場 Contrary to what some believe, not all deaf people are mute. 和一些人想法相反的是，並非所有耳聾的人都是啞的。

momentum

[mo`mɛntəm] n. 動力，動能（不可數） 片語 gain/gather momentum 取得氣勢；獲得動能 The civil rights movement had a lot of momentum in the 1960s. 民權運動在 1960 年代期間極為鼎盛。 The car gained momentum as it went downhill. 車往下坡開時獲得動能。

mar

[mɑr] vt. 損毀 That baseball player's career was marred by taking illegal drugs. 該名棒球員的生涯因為服用禁藥而蒙上陰影。

morality

[mɔ`rælətɪ] n. 道德（不可數） 片語 public/private morality 公共的／個人的道德 Mr. Morrison is giving a lecture on how to improve the standards of public morality. 莫利森先生正就如何提升公共道德的水平進行授課。

malaria

[mə`lɛrɪə] n. 瘧疾（不可數） Malaria is endemic to hotter regions and those with poor levels of sanitation. 瘧疾在熱帶地區及衛生標準低落的地區很流行。 ＊endemic [ɛn`dɛmɪk] a. 在特定地區流行的 ＊sanitation [͵sænə`teʃən] n. 公共衛生，環境衛生

malicious

[mə`lɪʃəs] a. 惡毒的，惡性的 片語 a malicious tumor 惡性腫瘤 a benign tumor 良性腫瘤 Kate spread malicious rumors about her ex-boyfriend because he had been cheating on her. 凱特散佈關於前男友的惡毒謠言，因為他對她不忠。

monopoly

[mə`nɑpḷɪ] n. 壟斷，獨占權（常用單數），獨占企業 片語 have a monopoly on... 壟斷⋯⋯；對⋯⋯有獨占權 The government used to have a monopoly on tobacco sales. 過去政府壟斷了煙草的銷售。 The government should take measures to prevent good medical care from becoming a monopoly solely for the rich. 政府應該制訂措施來防止醫療資源全被有錢人給獨占。 Eddy's Pizza used to be the monopoly in town, but now it seems destined to close because of the international pizza chain that opened earlier this summer. 艾迪披薩店曾是城裡獨占企業，不過它現在似乎注定要關門大吉，因為今年初夏一家跨國披薩連鎖店開始在城裡營運了。 ＊destined [`dɛstɪnd] a. 注定的

monotonous

[mə`nɑtənəs] a. 單調的，沉悶的 Mr. Johnson is not popular with his students because he always lectures in a monotonous voice. 強森老師不受學生喜愛，因為他講課的聲音總是很單調。

monotony

[mə`nɑtənɪ] n. 單調 Taking half a day off work occasionally is a nice way to break the monotony of everyday life. 偶而請假半天不上班是個讓每天生活不再單調的好方法。

manipulate

[mə`nɪpjə͵let] vt. 操縱 Throughout her political career, Linda has successfully used her charm to manipulate the media. 琳達在政治生涯中很成功地使用個人魅力去操控媒體。

miraculous

[mə`rækjələs] a. 奇蹟的，不可思議的 Jeremy made a miraculous recovery from a nearly fatal heart attack. 傑若米從一次幾乎致命的心臟病發中奇蹟般的恢復了。

miraculously

[mə`rækjələslɪ] adv. 奇蹟地 The little girl miraculously survived the plane crash. 小女孩奇蹟似地從那場空難中存活下來。 ＊survive [sɚ`vaɪv] vt. 在⋯⋯之後存活下來

morale

[mə`ræl] n. 士氣（不可數） 片語 low/high morale 低迷的／高昂的士氣 raise/boost/improve morale 提昇士氣 The troops are suffering from low morale, which is why they were easily defeated. 部隊正受低落的士氣所苦，這就是為什麼他們這麼快就被打敗的原因。 The most effective way to boost staff morale is to provide a good working environment. 提振員工士氣最有效的辦法就是提供他們好的工作環境。 比較 moral [`mɔrəl] a. 道德的 & n. 寓意

materialism

[mə`tɪrɪəl͵ɪzəm] n. 物質主義 In a world of materialism, people tend to believe that money alone can bring them happiness. 在物質主義的世界裡，大家傾向於相信唯有金錢能帶來快樂。

mentality

[mɛn`tælətɪ] n. 心態 I just cannot understand the mentality of people who abuse animals. 我就是無法了解那些虐待動物的人的心態。 ＊abuse [ə`bjuz] vt. 虐待

merge

[mɝdʒ] vi. （公司的）合併 The two banks merged in order to become more competitive in their industry. 這兩家銀行合併以便在該行業上更具競爭力。 ＊competitive [kəm`pɛtətɪv] a. 具競爭力的

pneumonia

[nju`monjə] n. 肺炎（不可數） Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age in that country. 在那個國家，肺炎是 5 歲以下孩童死亡的主因。

nutrition

[nju`trɪʃən] n. 營養（不可數） Proper nutrition is essential for patients if they want to have a quick recovery. 適當的營養對於希望早日康復的病患來說是很重要的。

nutritious

[nju`trɪʃəs] a. 營養的 This Indian restaurant offers you tasty and nutritious meals at surprisingly low prices. 這家印度餐廳以意想不到的低價提供您美味又營養的餐點。

notorious

[no`torɪəs] a. 惡名昭彰的 片語 be notorious for... 因⋯⋯而臭名遠揚 be notorious as... 以⋯⋯的身份而臭名遠揚 Jim is notorious for his bad breath. 吉姆的口臭臭名遠揚。 John is notorious as a womanizer. 約翰花花公子的臭名遠揚。 ＊womanizer [`wʊmən͵aɪzɚ] n. 玩弄女性的人

narrate

[næ`ret] vt. 敘述，描述 The story was narrated by an Indian with a heavy accent. 該故事是由一位口音濃重的印度人所口述的。 ＊accent [`æksɛnt] n. 口音 Mike is narrating a story based on the four pictures. 邁可正根據這 4 幅圖片講故事。

narrator

[næ`retɚ] n. 敘事者，旁白者 The narrator of the novel is a Jewish girl whose parents died in the Holocaust. 這本小說的敘事者是一名雙親死於納粹大屠殺的猶太女孩。 ＊the Holocaust [`hɑlə͵kɔst] n. 二次大戰時納粹對猶太民族的大屠殺

naïve

[nɑ`iv] a. 天真的 Don't be so naïve as to believe what he said! 別天真到相信他說的話！

obesity

[o`bisətɪ] n. 肥胖症 Obesity is a problem affecting 2/3 of the U.S. population. 肥胖問題影響著三分之二的美國人口。

plight

[plaɪt] n. 苦境 The plight of the poor laborers has aroused concern. 貧苦勞工的困境已引起了關懷。

poach

[potʃ] vt. 以文火煮（蛋等），偷獵（動物） Poach the chicken with ginger and garlic for about half an hour. 加入薑絲與蒜頭之後，將雞以文火燉煮約半小時。 The number of pandas decreased drastically because of years of poaching. 貓熊的數量因為多年的盜獵而銳減。 延伸 a poached egg 荷包蛋（去殼的水煮蛋）

prowl

[praʊl] vi. 四處覓食，徘徊 n. 四處覓食，徘徊 片語 prowl about/around 徘徊 be on the prowl 四處覓食；徘徊 A gang of teenagers was prowling around outside the store before the robbery. 搶案發生前有一幫年輕人在商店外面徘徊。 The farmer saw a hungry tiger on the prowl. 那名農夫看到一隻飢餓的老虎在附近徘徊。

precede

[pri`sid] vt. 在⋯⋯之前 Lunch will be preceded by a discussion session. 午餐之前會有一場討論會。

preoccupy

[pri`ɑkjə͵paɪ] vt. 使全神貫注（常用於被動語態） 片語 be preoccupied with... 出神地想著⋯⋯ Jason was so preoccupied with his own thoughts that he didn't notice me entering the office. 傑森太過於專心地想著自己的事而沒注意到我走進了辦公室。 比較 occupy [`ɑkjə͵paɪ] vt. 佔據 be occupied with sth 忙著某事 I'm occupied with my work right now. Let's make it some other time. 我現在正忙著工作。咱們改個時間吧。

preoccupation

[pri͵ɑkjə`peʃən] n. 入神（與介詞 with 並用） Mark's wife finds his preoccupation with football irritating because he does nothing but watch football games at home. 馬克的老婆覺得他對足球的過分關注令人難受，因為他在家什麼都不做，就只會看足球比賽。

proclaim

[pro`klem] vt. 宣稱，宣佈，昭告 片語 proclaim + that子句 宣告⋯⋯ proclaim sb (to be) sth 宣告某人為⋯⋯；表明某人是⋯⋯ The defendant proclaimed that he was innocent of the charges. 被告宣稱他在這些指控中是清白的。 The young prince was proclaimed (to be) king shortly after his father's death. 年輕的王子在父親過世後旋即被宣佈為國王。

prone

[pron] a. 有⋯⋯的傾向，易於⋯⋯，俯臥的 片語 be prone to N/V 有⋯⋯的傾向，容易⋯⋯ - be inclined to V - be likely to V - tend to V Workers are prone to accidents if they are not familiar with the working environment. 工人若對工作環境不熟悉，就很容易發生意外。 Grace is prone to lie to people. Take what she says with caution. 葛蕾絲很容易撒謊。小心她說的話。 The police found Jenny lying prone on her bed with a knife in her back. - The police found Jenny lying face down on her bed with a knife in her back. 警方發現珍妮俯臥在床上，背上插了把刀。 延伸 accident-prone [`æksɪdənt͵pron] a. 容易發生意外的 injury-prone [`ɪndʒərɪ͵pron] a. 容易受傷的

projection

[prə`dʒɛkʃən] n. 推測，預估，投射 Due to the inefficiency of the production department, our company failed to achieve last year's sales projections. 由於生產部門沒有效率，本公司未能達到去年的銷售預估量。 延伸 projector [prə`dʒɛktɚ] n. 投影機

profound

[prə`faʊnd] a. 深遠的，很有深度的 片語 have a profound influence on... 對⋯⋯影響深遠 Globalization has a profound influence on human life. 全球化對人類生活影響深遠。 My friend Joe is no expert, but he does have a profound knowledge of plants. 我的朋友阿喬不是什麼專家，但他真的很懂植物。

proficiency

[prə`fɪʃənsɪ] n. 精通（不可數） Tiffany's proficiency in five different foreign languages qualified her for the job. 蒂芬妮精通 5 種不同外語的能力，這使她有資格得到這份工作。 用法 本字之後與介詞 in 並用

proficient

[prə`fɪʃənt] a. 精通的 片語 be proficient in/at + N/V-ing 精通⋯⋯ - be adept in/at + N/V-ing - be skilled in/at + N/V-ing - be good at + N/V-ing It took Peter years of hard work to be proficient in English and Japanese. 彼得花了多年的努力才精通英日文。

progressive

[prə`grɛsɪv] a. 進步的，逐漸的 片語 a progressive decline 逐漸下降 One can't be a good leader without progressive ideas. 唯有進步的思維才配當一個優秀的領導人。 People suffering from Alzheimer's disease experience a progressive decline in language abilities. 患有阿茲海默症的病人語言能力會逐漸退化。 ＊Alzheimer's disease 阿茲海默症（俗稱老人癡呆症） ＊decline [dɪ`klaɪn] n. 下降

prohibit

[prə`hɪbɪt] vt. 禁止 片語 prohibit sb from + N/V-ing 禁止某人做某事 - ban/restrain sb from + N/V-ing - forbid sb to V Smoking is strictly prohibited in hospitals. 醫院嚴禁吸菸。

propel

[prə`pɛl] vt. 推動，推進 This state-of-the-art sports car is propelled purely by solar energy. 這台最尖端的跑車純由太陽能推動。

propeller

[prə`pɛlɚ] n. 螺旋槳 Airplanes are generally classified into two categories: those with propellers and those with jet engines. 飛機通常分為兩類：一種是螺旋槳的，一種是噴射引擎的。

provoke

[prə`vok] vt. 引發，激怒 片語 provoke sb into + N/V-ing 激怒某人⋯⋯ Yeast can provoke allergic reactions in some people, particularly skin disorders. 酵母可能會引發某些人體內的過敏反應，尤其是皮膚病變。 ＊yeast [jist] n. 酵母 Peter's rudeness provoked Linda into slapping his face with all her might. 彼得的粗魯激怒琳達使她用盡全力打了他一耳光。

prestige

[prɛs`tiʒ] n. 名望（不可數） Bruce's job as a lawyer for a top company has gained him considerable prestige. 布魯斯擔任大公司律師的那份工作帶給他相當的名望。

prestigious

[prɛs`tɪdʒɪəs] a. 有名望的 Allen attended a very prestigious university. 阿倫在一所很有名望的大學唸書。 延伸 a highly prestigious university 一所很有名望的大學

predicament

[prɪ`dɪkəmənt] n. 困境 片語 be in a predicament 處於困境中 We found ourselves in an awkward predicament when neither of us had enough to pay the bill. 我倆都沒錢付賬時，發現自己處在尷尬的情況中。 ＊awkward [`ɔkwɚd] a. 尷尬的

prediction

[prɪ`dɪkʃən] n. 預測 片語 make accurate predictions about sth 對某事做出精確預測 So far it's still very difficult for scientists to make accurate predictions about earthquakes. 到目前為止，科學家要對地震做出準確的預測仍然很困難。

preliminary

[prɪ`lɪmə͵nɛrɪ] a. 初步的 Preliminary results show that this skin care product can lead to cancer, but this has to be reconfirmed in further medical trials. 初步結果顯示此肌膚保養品會導致癌症，但這還得靠進一步的醫學實驗來證實。

preside

[prɪ`saɪd] vi. 擔任會議主席，主持 片語 preside over a meeting 主持會議 - chair a meeting The chairman presided over a meeting of the finance committee. 主席主持了財務委員會的一場會議。

prescribe

[prɪ`skraɪb] vt. 開立（藥方），規定 The doctor prescribed some medicine for my bad cough. 醫生為我嚴重的咳嗽開了一些藥。 Our office rules prescribe that all staff members should wear a white-collared shirt to work. 我們的辦公室守則規定所有員工都應該要穿著白領襯衫來上班。

prescription

[prɪ`skrɪpʃən] n. 處方 片語 write a prescription 開處方 fill a prescription 依處方配藥（藥劑師） The doctor wrote me a prescription for antibiotics and handed it to me. 醫生開了一張抗生素的處方箋交給我。 You can have this prescription filled at the pharmacy. 你可以憑處方箋去藥房配藥。 ＊pharmacy [`fɑrməsɪ] n. 藥房 ＊pharmacist [`fɑrməsɪst] n. 藥劑師

precision

[prɪ`sɪʒən] n. 精確性 片語 with precision 精準地 The professor chose his words with precision. 這位教授用字遣詞很精準。

presumption

[prɪ`sʌmpʃən] n. 猜測 It's my presumption that the thief is hiding in that abandoned building. 我猜測這名小偷正躲在那棟廢棄建築物裡。

preventive

[prɪ`vɛntɪv] a. 預防的 片語 take preventive measures to V 採取預防措施以⋯⋯ - take precautions to V We should take preventive measures to stop SARS from breaking out again. 我們應當採取預防措施防止 SARS 再度爆發。

raid

[red] n. 突襲 vt. 突襲，（警方）突然搜查 片語 carry out/launch a raid on... 對⋯⋯展開突襲 The US army launched an air raid on the enemy's ammunition depot as night fell. 美軍在入夜後展開對敵軍彈藥庫的突襲。 ＊ammunition [͵æmjə`nɪʃən] n. 彈藥 ＊depot [`dipo] n. 儲藏處 A large amount of heroin was found last night during a police raid on the farmhouse. 警方在昨晚一場突襲農場的行動中查獲大量的海洛因。 Police raided the drug dealer's house in the early morning. 警方一大早就突襲毒販的房子。 延伸 an air raid 空襲

presume

[prɪ`zum] vt. 推測 vi. 冒昧（之後接不定詞），佔便宜（與介詞 on 並用） From the way that lady talks, I presume her to be your secretary. - From the way that lady talks, I presume that she is your secretary. 從那位小姐說話的方式看來，我推測她應該是你的秘書。 May I presume to tell you that you are wrong on that point? 我可以冒昧告訴你，關於那一點你說錯了嗎？ Don't presume on Miss Lin's good nature by constantly asking for money. 不要利用林小姐的善良，而經常向她要錢。 用法 assume 與 presume 均可表『推測』或『猜測』，前者較謹慎，後者較大膽。 茲比較 assume、presume、resume 及consume 的意思及用法如下： presume [prɪ`zum] vt. 猜測 I presume (that) you are tired after working so long and hard. 辛苦地工作這麼久以後，我猜想你是累了。 assume [ə`sjum] vt. 推測 We assumed that the bus would arrive on time, but it was late. 我們推測公車會準時抵達，但它卻誤點了。 resume [rɪ`zjum] vt. 恢復 Statistics shows that half of the smokers who quit resume smoking. 根據統計，戒菸的人有半數會繼續抽。 consume[kən`sjum] vt. 消耗，花費 The country consumes more than it produces. 這個國家的生產不及它的消費。

pact

[pækt] n. 條約，協定 The two countries signed a free-trade pact. 這兩個國家簽訂了一份自由貿易協定。

pedestrian

[pə`dɛstrɪən] n. 行人 Drivers should yield to pedestrians when they come to a crosswalk. 行駛至行人穿越道時，駕駛應禮讓行人先行。 ＊yield to sb 讓路給某人 比較 passerby [͵pæsɚ`baɪ] n. 行人

pollutant

[pə`lutənt] n. 污染物（可數） Air and water pollutants may cause some cancers. 空氣和水污染物可能導致某些癌症。

peninsula

[pə`nɪnsələ] n. 半島（大部分環海但部分連接陸地） The tension on the Korean Peninsula has lasted for over half a century. 朝鮮半島上緊張的氣氛已持續半個多世紀了。 比較 island [`aɪlənd] n. 島嶼（四面環海）

petroleum

[pə`trolɪəm] n. 石油（可提煉汽油或煤油） Many common substances, like gasoline and kerosene, are made from petroleum. 許多常見的物質像是汽油和煤油，都是由石油提煉而成。 ＊kerosene [`kɛrə͵sin] n. 煤油 比較 gasoline [`gæsə͵lin] n. 汽油（- gas）①

pathetic

[pə`θɛtɪk] a. 可憐的，可悲的 It's a pathetic sight to see the former millionaire reduced to begging for change. 看到這名百萬富豪淪落到在路邊討錢，真令人感到可悲。 ＊be reduced to begging 淪落到靠乞討維生的程度

perplex

[pɚ`plɛks] vt. 使困惑（- confuse） The students were perplexed about the grammar rule, so the teacher explained it once again. 學生對於那個文法規則感到困惑，所以老師就又解釋了一遍。

perpetual

[pɚ`pɛtʃʊəl] a. 恆久的 The leaky faucet in our office bathroom is a perpetual problem. 我們辦公室洗手間的那個漏水的水龍頭一直是個問題。

perceive

[pɚ`siv] vt. 察覺，認為 片語 perceive A as B 把 A 認為是 B The mother perceived a subtle change in her daughter's behavior. 這位母親察覺到女兒的行為有了微妙的變化。 ＊subtle [`sʌtḷ] a. 微妙的 This kind of gossip magazine is often perceived as superficial. 這種八卦雜誌通常被認為很膚淺。 ＊gossip [`gɑsəp] n. 閒言閒語，八卦（不可數） ＊superficial [͵supɚ`fɪʃəl] a. 膚淺的

perspective

[pɚ`spɛktɪv] n. 觀點（常與介詞 on 並用） 片語 from sb's perspective 從某人的觀點 from the perspective of... 從⋯⋯的觀點 The accident gave me a whole new perspective on life. 這場意外給我對生命全新的觀點。 This novel is written from a blind person's perspective. 這本小說是從一位盲人的觀點寫的。

perception

[pɚ`sɛpʃən] n. 察覺能力，觀點 Marijuana is a drug that can change your perception of reality. 大麻是一種毒品，它會改變你對現實世界的察覺能力。 My perception of the meaning of life is different from yours. 我對生命意義的觀點和你的不同。

persist

[pɚ`sɪst] vi. 堅持，持續 片語 persist in + N/V-ing 堅持⋯⋯ - insist on + N/V-ing The defendant persisted in his innocence before the judge. - The defendant insisted on his innocence before the judge. 被告在法官面前堅稱自己的無辜。 Lisa persisted in believing that she was being set up. 莉莎堅信自己是被陷害的。 ＊set sb up 陷害某人 Go find a doctor if your headache persists. 如果你頭痛一直持續，還是去找個醫生吧。

persistence

[pɚ`sɪstəns] n. 堅持，持續（不可數）（亦與介詞 in 並用） 片語 sb's persistence in + N/V-ing 某人對⋯⋯的堅持 The manager's persistence in carrying out the project finally paid off. 經理對於執行該企劃的堅持總算開花結果。 ＊pay off 有回報，有報償 The persistence of the baby girl's high fever made her parents deeply concerned. 小女嬰持續發高燒，令她的父母親很擔憂。

persistent

[pɚ`sɪstənt] a. 堅持的，持續的 How did you manage to get rid of that persistent salesman? 你是怎麼擺脫那位糾纏不休的推銷員的？ There's been a persistent rumor about the singer's sexual orientation. 關於那位歌手性傾向的謠言持續不斷。 ＊orientation [͵ɔrɪɛn`teʃən] n. 方向，傾向 延伸 a persistent cough/problem/rumor 持續不斷的咳嗽／問題／謠言

pertain

[pɚ`ten] vi. 相關（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 pertain to... 和⋯⋯相關 We're having a discussion pertaining to the construction of nuclear power plants. 我們正在討論有關於興建核能發電廠的問題。

pierce

[pɪrs] vt. 刺穿 Vicky had her ears pierced so that she could wear beautiful earrings. 薇琪穿了耳洞，以便配戴漂亮的耳環。

rite

[raɪt] n. 儀式 Frank went through an initiation rite before becoming a member of the fraternity. 成為該兄弟會成員之前，法蘭克通過了入會儀式。 ＊fraternity [frə`tɝnətɪ] n.（大學的）兄弟會 延伸 a burial/funeral rite 葬禮／喪禮 an initiation rite 入會儀式 initiation [`ɪnɪʃɪ`eʃən] n. 入會

rape

[rep] vt. 強暴 The shop owner was finally brought to justice after raping several women in the area. 商店老闆在那個地區強姦幾名女性後最後終被繩之以法。 ＊bring sb to justice 將某人繩之以法

rotation

[ro`teʃən] n. 旋轉，輪流 片語 the rotation of the Earth 地球自轉 job rotation （為使員工熟悉不同工作內容而進行的）工作輪調 crop rotation 作物輪耕 in rotation 輪流 The scientist spent three years recording day-to-day changes in the rotation of the Earth. 這名科學家花了 3 年的時候記錄地球自轉的每日變化。 Frequent job rotation has proven to be beneficial to both the employer and the employees. 經過証明，頻繁的工作輪調對雇主與職員都有好處。 With more advanced skills and better crop rotation, the farmers are expecting a good harvest this year. 有了更進階的技術和更好的作物輪耕法後，農人們都希望今年能大豊收。

raft

[ræft] n. 竹筏，橡皮艇 Davis built a wooden raft, hoping that it would take him away from this deserted island. 戴維斯築了艘木筏，希望它能帶他離開這座荒島。 A handful of people were rescued with rafts while most of the passengers drowned. 少數幾個人被橡皮艇救起，但大多數乘客都溺斃了。 延伸 go rafting 泛舟

rash

[ræʃ] n. 疹子 a. 草率的 片語 break out in a rash 開始長疹子 - come out in a rash a rash decision 草率的決定 I broke out in a rash after eating seafood yesterday. 我昨天吃完海鮮後就開始長疹子了。 Think twice or you're likely to make rash decisions. 你要再三考慮，否則可能會做出草率的決定。

rebellion

[rɪ`bɛljən] n. 叛亂，暴動（與介詞 against 並用） 片語 rise in rebellion against... 群起反叛⋯⋯ suppress/crush/put down the rebellion 鎮壓叛變 The farmers rose in rebellion against the corrupt ruler. 農夫群起反叛腐敗的統治者。 The government took extremely brutal measures to suppress the rebellion. 政府採取極度殘忍的手段以鎮壓叛變。 ＊brutal [`brutḷ] a. 殘忍的

rebellious

[rɪ`bɛljəs] a. 反叛的 My two daughters are at a rebellious age and they often ignore my advice. 我的兩個女兒正值反抗的年齡，她們常不理會我的建議。

redundant

[rɪ`dʌndənt] a. 多餘的 These three sentences are redundant. Your composition would be better without them. 這 3 個句子是多餘的。沒了它們對你的文章比較好。

refine

[rɪ`faɪn] vt. 提煉，改良 片語 refine oil/sugar 提煉石油／糖 The country refined 3 million barrels of crude oil every year to make plastic bags. 該國每年提煉 3 百萬桶原油來製造塑膠袋。 We refined our working process for better efficiency. 為了更有效率，我們改善了工作的過程。

refinement

[rɪ`faɪnmənt] n. 改良，改良品 片語 a refinement of sth 某物的改良品 This version of the plan is a refinement of the one Joey brought in to the meeting last week. 這個計劃版本是由喬伊上星期在會議中所提出的計劃改良而成。

reflective

[rɪ`flɛktɪv] a. 反光的，反映的 片語 be reflective of... 反映出⋯⋯ - reflect... On dark nights, children should wear reflective clothing to make themselves more visible to automobile drivers. 在深夜，孩童應穿反光材質的衣物，好讓自己更容易被汽車駕駛人察覺。 Your taste in music is, to some degree, reflective of your personality. 某種程度來說，你對音樂的品味反映出你的人格。

refreshments

[rɪ`frɛʃmənts] n. 茶點（恆用複數） Refreshments will be served in the back of the room during break. 中場休息期間，房間後面備有茶點供應。

regardless

[rɪ`gɑrdlɪs] a. 不管怎樣的（與介詞 of 並用） 片語 regardless of... 不論⋯⋯ - despite ④ - in spite of... Everyone is required to attend the meeting regardless of the typhoon. 儘管有颱風，每個人還是被要求出席會議。

rehearse

[rɪ`hɝs] vt. vi. 排演 We've rehearsed this scene many times. 這一幕我們已經排演很多次了。 With a hectic schedule like this, there's not much time left for them to rehearse for the upcoming tour. 行程這麼緊湊，他們已沒什麼時間採排即將來臨的公演。 ＊hectic [`hɛktɪk] a. 忙亂的

rehearsal

[rɪ`hɝsḷ] n. 排演，練習 The singer is wearing makeup for the dress rehearsal. 這位歌手正在上妝，準備最後的彩排。 延伸 a dress rehearsal 彩排（正式演出前最後一次的排演）

recruit

[rɪ`krut] vt. vi. 招募（員工、新兵） n. 新成員，新兵 片語 be recruited into the army 被徵召入伍 The job fair offers companies a chance to recruit new staff members. 求職博覽會提供商家招募新員工的機會。 My brother was recruited into the army soon after he graduated. 我弟弟畢業後沒多久就被徵召入伍了。 New recruits were sent to the headquarters in New York for training. 新員工被送去位於紐約的總部接受訓練。 ＊the headquarters [`hɛd͵kwɔrtɚz] n.（公司的）總部

recur

[rɪ`kɝ] vi. 重覆發生 片語 a recurring problem/illness/nightmare 一再出現的問題／疾病／夢魘 Tony's back problem recurs every winter. 湯尼的背痛問題每年冬天都會復發。

reliance

[rɪ`laɪəns] n. 依賴（與介詞 on 並用） 片語 place too much reliance on sth 過分信賴某物 Economists predict that over the next five years, Italy will increase its reliance on coal to 33%. 經濟學家預測，未來 5 年，義大利對煤礦的仰賴程度將增加到 33%。 Most people nowadays are heavily reliant on computers. 絕大多數的現代人都極度仰賴電腦。

relinquish

[rɪ`lɪŋkwɪʃ] vt. （被迫）放棄／交出 片語 relinquish sth to sb 放棄某物並交給某人 The dictator was forced to relinquish power to the generally-elected president. 這名獨裁者被迫將權力交出來給那位普選出來的總統。

remainder

[rɪ`mendɚ] n. 餘額，剩餘部分 片語 the remainder of sth 某物剩餘的部分 A deposit of 10% is required if you want us to order the camera for you. You can pay the remainder when you receive it. 若您想預定這台相機的話請先付 10% 的訂金，餘額在貨到時付清即可。 ＊deposit [dɪ`pɑzɪt] n. 訂金

removal

[rɪ`muvḷ] n. 移除 Gary had surgery for the removal of a tumor. 蓋瑞動了手術移除腫瘤。

assassinate

[ə`sæsɪn͵et] vt. 暗殺（常用被動語態） Security tightened amid rumors that the president would be assassinated. 總統將遭暗殺的謠言紛傳，因此維安措施便加強了。

renowned

[rɪ`naʊnd] a. 有名的 片語 be renowned for... 因⋯⋯而出名 - be famous for... - be famed for... - be noted for... be renowned as... 以⋯⋯的身份而聞名 - be famous as... - be known as... This diplomat is renowned for his negotiation skills. 這名外交官以談判技巧而聞名。 George is renowned as a top pastry chef. 喬治是個出名的頂尖糕餅師傅。

repress

[rɪ`prɛs] vt. 壓抑（慾望、情緒） Talking to children about their feelings will help them express their emotions rather than repress their grief. 和孩子們聊聊他們的心情，那能幫助他們表達情緒而不是壓抑悲傷。 比較 suppress [sə`prɛs] vt. 鎮壓 oppress [ə`prɛs] vt. 壓迫 The army was called in to suppress the prison riots. 軍隊被調來鎮壓監獄暴動。 Women complain that they are often oppressed by men. 女人抱怨常受男人壓迫。

repel

[rɪ`pɛl] vt. 擊退 The soldiers managed to repel the invading army and maintain control of the area. 士兵設法擊退來襲的軍隊，並持續控管該地區。 The smell of this candle repels insects so that they won't bother us while we're picnicking. 這個蠟燭的味道能驅趕昆蟲，所以牠們不會在我們野餐時來煩我們。

repent

[rɪ`pɛnt] vt. vi. 懺悔 片語 repent of + N/V-ing 懊悔做⋯⋯ Betty has repented of her mistakes. I think it's only fair that you give her another chance. - Betty has repented her mistakes. I think it's only fair that you give her another chance. 貝蒂已對她的錯誤表示懊悔了。我覺得你應當給她另一次機會才公道。 Before the villain drew his last breath, he repented and confessed all his sins. 在惡徒嚥下最後一口氣之前，他懺悔並且招供了所有罪愆。

respective

[rɪ`spɛktɪv] a. 各自的 We attended the keynote speech first, and then we went to our respective workshops. 我們先參加了主題演講，接著前往各自的專題研討會。 比較 respectful [rɪ`spɛktfəl] a. 滿懷敬意的 respectable [rɪ`spɛktəbḷ] a. 值得尊敬的

respectively

[rɪ`spɛktɪvlɪ] adv. 分別地 In the 100-meter dash, John and Peter came in first and third respectively. 在 100 公尺短跑中，約翰和彼得分別得到第一及第三名。 ＊dash [dæʃ] n. 短跑 ＊the 100-meter dash 100 公尺短跑

recession

[rɪ`sɛʃən] n. （經濟）蕭條 The U.S. economy has been in deep recession since the late 1990s. 美國的經濟自 90 年代末期以來就一直不景氣。 比較 depression [dɪ`prɛʃən] n. 憂鬱；（經濟）蕭條 Dick has been suffering from depression since his wife passed away. 自從太太過世後，狄克飽受憂鬱症所苦。 Many businesses failed to make it through the Great Depression of the 1930s. 許多企業未能捱過 30 年代的經濟大蕭條時期。

recipient

[rɪ`sɪpɪənt] n. 受領者 Marie Curie was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize. 居禮夫人是第一位獲得諾貝爾獎的女性。

retrieve

[rɪ`triv] vt. 重新找回 Many people wonder if the police chief will retrieve the money that was stolen. 許多人懷疑警長是否能找回失竊的錢。

retaliate

[rɪ`tælɪ͵et] vi. 報復 The riot police fired tear gas at the crowd. The crowd retaliated by throwing stones. 鎮暴警察向群眾發射催淚瓦斯，群眾則丟石塊報復。

resemblance

[rɪ`zɛmbləns] n. 相似 片語 bear little/no resemblance to sb/sth 和某人／某物一點都不相似 bear a close/striking/strong resemblance to sb/sth 和某人／某物極為相似 Though Kathy and Joan are sisters, they bear no resemblance to each other. 凱西和喬安雖然是姊妹，卻一點也不像。 That suit you're wearing bears a close resemblance to the one I just bought. 你身上穿的那件西裝和我剛買的那件很像。

resistant

[rɪ`zɪstənt] a. 抵抗的，對⋯⋯抵抗力強的 片語 be resistant to... 對⋯⋯抵抗力強的 disease-resistant plants 抗疾病的植物 heat-resistant material 抗熱材料 Roaches in our house are becoming resistant to this pesticide. 我們家蟑螂對這種殺蟲劑已經漸漸有抵抗力了。 ＊pesticide [`pɛstɪ͵saɪd] n. 殺蟲劑 Botanists have finally succeeded in developing a disease-resistant strain of wheat. 植物學家終於成功培養出能抵抗疾病的小麥品種。 ＊botanist [`bɑtənɪst] n. 植物學家

regime

[rɪ`ʒim] n. 政權，政體 The military regime began its reign of terror soon after it seized power. 這個軍事政權在掌權後不久就開始恐怖統治。 ＊reign [ren] n. 統治

psychiatrist

[saɪ`kaɪətrɪst] n. 精神科醫生 A psychiatrist can use medicine to treat a patient, while a psychologist cannot. 精神病醫師可以用藥物治療病人，而心理學家卻不能。 比較 psychologist [saɪ`kɑlədʒɪst] n. 心理學家 ④

sane

[sen] a. 神智正常的，明智的 According to the doctor, John was sane at the time of the murder. 根據醫師的說法，約翰在謀殺案事發時是神智清楚的。 It was a sane decision for the singer to step out of the entertainment business after the scandal. 發生了醜聞案後，這名歌手退出演藝圈是明智的抉擇。

sphere

[sfɪr] n. 球體，領域 片語 the political sphere 政治領域 Thomas has been involved in the political sphere since he was young. 湯瑪士自從年輕時就投身政治領域。

siege

[sidʒ] n. 圍攻 片語 be under siege 遭到圍攻；不斷遭受批評 Troy had been under siege for ten years before it was finally taken. 特洛伊城被圍攻了 10 年之久才被攻下。

scope

[skop] n. 範圍 片語 beyond/outside the scope of... 超過⋯⋯的範圍 within the scope of... 在⋯⋯的範圍內 The problem is small in scope and won't take long to fix. 這個問題不算大，不用很長的時間就可以解決。 I'm afraid your questions are outside the scope of our lecture today. 恐怕你的問題不在我們今天演講的範圍之內。

script

[skrɪpt] n. （戲劇、廣播）底稿 Nick was chosen to write the script for a TV series about the Vietnam War. 尼克被選中撰寫一齣關於越戰的電視連續劇腳本。 延伸 a scriptwriter 劇作家 - a playwright [`ple͵raɪt]

erode

[ɪ`rod] vt. 侵蝕 This canyon was formed by a river that eroded the rock over many years. 這個峽谷是由一條河流多年來侵蝕岩石而成。 ＊canyon [`kænjən] n. 峽谷

squad

[skwɑd] n. 小隊，小組 A bomb squad was called in to defuse a bomb placed underneath the official's car. 防爆小組被召集來拆除被安置在官員車下的炸彈。 ＊defuse [di`fjuz] vt. 拆除（炸彈的雷管） 延伸 a bomb squad 防爆小組

squash

[skwɑʃ] vt. vi. 壓扁，擠入 片語 squash A in/into B 把 A 擠入 B squash in/into... 硬擠進⋯⋯ Fred accidentally sat on a woman's bag of groceries and squashed a box of eggs. 佛萊德不小心坐在那名女子裝滿雜貨的袋子上，壓扁了一盒雞蛋。 The people on the bus were packed in like sardines, but the woman at the bus stop insisted on squashing herself in. 公車裡的人擠得像沙丁魚似的，但站牌的這名女子卻堅持要擠上去。 ＊sardine [sɑr`din] n. 沙丁魚 The four of us squashed into the back seat of his car. 我們 4 個一同擠進他車子的後座。

skim

[skɪm] vt. 撇去（液體表面的浮物），略讀 vi. 略讀（與 through 並用） 片語 skim (through)... 略讀⋯⋯ You'd better skim the fat from the soup before eating it. 你喝湯前最好撇去湯上面的油脂。 Jane skims (through) the newspaper every morning while she's having breakfast. 阿珍每天早上都一邊吃早餐一邊看報紙。

slang

[slæŋ] n. 俚語（集合名詞，不可數） 片語 a slang word/expression/term 俚語字眼 Pot and dope are slang for marijuana. - Pot and dope are slang expressions for marijuana. pot 和 dope 這兩個字都是表示『大麻』的俚語。 用法 slang 為集合名詞，不可數，故不可說 "He knows many slangs." 而要說 "He knows a lot of slang." 或"He knows many slang expressions."。

slash

[slæʃ] vt. 削減 Although prices had already been slashed significantly for the sale, many perspective buyers still thought the items were too expensive. 雖然這次拍賣的價格已被大幅調降，但許多潛在買家仍覺得這個品目太貴了。

slot

[slɑt] n. 投幣孔，時段 John inserted the coins into the slot and selected the beverage he wanted. 約翰把硬幣投入投幣孔，接著選擇他想喝的飲料。 If your band still wants to perform at the fair, there's a slot open at 7 o'clock. 如果你的樂團還想在展覽中表演，7 點有一個空的時段。 Joseph has a regular slot on a popular evening TV program. 在一個很受歡迎的晚間節目中，喬瑟夫有固定的表演時段。 延伸 a slot machine 吃角子老虎機

slum

[slʌm] n. 貧民區 Tommy was brought up by his mother in the slums of Brooklyn. 湯米是在布魯克林的貧民窟由母親一手扶養長大的。 延伸 a slum area 貧民區

smack

[smæk] vt. 用手掌打 n. 一巴掌 Even if your child misbehaves, it's wrong to smack him or her in the face. 就算小孩行為不端，打他的耳光就是不對的。 ＊misbehave [͵mɪsbɪ`hev] vi. 行為不端 You're going to get a smack on your bottom if you don't stop being such a naughty boy. 你如果再繼續這麼調皮，我就要打你屁股。

snare

[snɛr] n. （捕捉鳥獸的）陷阱，圈套 vt. 被騙上鉤 片語 snare a wealthy husband 釣金龜婿 Gorillas are often caught in snares set up by poachers. 大猩猩經常被偷獵者設下的陷阱抓到。 ＊poacher [`potʃɚ] n. 偷獵者 The classifieds section of the newspaper can be full of snares for job seekers. 報紙徵才廣告版對求職者來說可能充滿了陷阱。 Tina's dream is to snare a wealthy husband and live the rest of her life in luxury. 蒂娜的夢想就是吊個金龜婿然後下半輩子過著富貴奢侈的生活。

sneer

[snɪr] vi. 譏笑 片語 sneer at... 譏笑⋯⋯ - laugh at... Joyce sneered at Jim's fancy suit. 喬伊思譏笑吉姆穿的那件花俏西裝。

spike

[spaɪk] n. 釘子 vi. 急速增加 The cat gracefully avoided the spikes on top of the wall as it walked. 貓在牆頭上行走時很優雅地避開了上面尖刺的東西。 The vegetable prices spiked to a new high after the typhoon. 颱風之後菜價又創新高。

spire

[spaɪr] n. （教堂上方）錐形尖塔 I can see the spire of the church from here. 我從這裡可以看到那座教堂的尖塔。

spouse

[spaʊz] n. 配偶 Staff members were warned not to discuss the matter, even with their spouses. 職員遭警告不得與他人，即便是配偶，討論此事。

sprawl

[sprɔl] vi. 攤開四肢躺（或坐），蔓生 On a hot summer day, I enjoy sprawling on the cool 且oor in my living room while listening to music. 在酷熱的夏天，我喜歡攤開四肢躺在我客廳內冰涼的地板上聽音樂。 Slums sprawl across the big city, showing how poor the life is there. 貧民區在這個大都市到處蔓生，顯示這裡的生活有多窮。

span

[spæn] n. 一段時間 Over a span of just one year, the labor market has changed dramatically. 光是一年的時間，勞動市場就有了大幅轉變了。 延伸 a life span 平均壽命 - a life expectancy Women tend to have a longer life span than men. 女人一般比男人長壽。

spontaneous

[spɑn`tenɪəs] a. 自發的，不由自主的，未事先準備的，即席的 The crowd broke into spontaneous applause when the speech was over. 宣告結果時，人群不由自主發出熱烈掌聲。 I was a bit nervous when they asked me to give a spontaneous speech as tonight's guest of honor. 當他們要我作為今晚的榮譽嘉賓發表即席演說時，我有一點緊張。

spectacular

[spɛk`tækjəlɚ] a. 壯觀的，極好的 This is the most spectacular fireworks show I've ever seen in my life. 這是我這輩子看過最壯觀的煙火表演。 Michael Fisher's latest work of fantasy literature has seen a spectacular success. 麥可‧費雪的最新奇幻文學作品極為成功。 延伸 spectacular scenery 壯觀的景色 a spectacular waterfall 壯觀的瀑布

strategic

[strə`tidʒɪk] a. 戰略上的，謀略上的 South and Central Asia are regions of great strategic importance. 南亞和中亞是戰略上極為重要的區域。

starvation

[stɑr`veʃən] n. 飢餓 Thousands of children in Africa are dying from starvation each day. 每天非洲有上千名孩童因飢餓而死亡。

stability

[stə`bɪlətɪ] n. 穩定（性） It is John's stability that makes him such a reliable friend. 約翰穩重的個性使他成為值得信賴的朋友。

stunt

[stʌnt] n. 特技，危險、引人側目的花招 片語 do stunts 表演特技 The audience all held their breath when the two stuntwomen performed a difficult stunt. 兩位特技女演員表演困難的特技時，觀眾全都摒息以待。 I'm fed up with your stupid stunts. Now get down from that table! 我受夠你那些無聊的花招了。現在給我從桌上下來！ 延伸 a stunt man 男特技替身演員 a stunt woman 女特技替身演員 a publicity stunt 宣傳性噱頭

soothe

[suð] vt. 使鎮定，減輕（疼痛） The baby soon fell asleep to the sound of his mother's soothing lullaby. 這個小寶寶隨著媽媽安祥的搖籃曲聲睡著了。 ＊lullaby [`lʌlə͵baɪ] n. 搖籃曲 Lucy applied some ointment on my bruised knee to soothe the pain. 露西在我瘀青的膝蓋上塗抹了些藥膏以減輕疼痛。 ＊ointment [`ɔɪntmənt] n. 軟膏，藥膏

suite

[swit] n. 套房 I'd like to reserve a suite for about one week starting from the first of April. 我想訂一間套房，住 1 個禮拜左右，從 4 月 1 日起。 延伸 a honeymoon suite 蜜月套房

swap

[swɑp] vt. vi. 交換 n. 交換 片語 swap A for B 用 A 交換 B I swapped my bicycle for a guitar with my friend. 我用我的腳踏車和朋友換了一把吉他。 I'm finished with this magazine. If you're done with yours, can we swap? 我已經看完這本雜誌了。如果你看完了你的，我們可以交換嗎？ Let's do a swap. I give you this dress and you give me that bag. 咱們交換一下吧。我給妳這件洋裝，妳給我那個包包。

salvation

[sæl`veʃən] n. 拯救（不可數） After their ship sank, the sailors knew their salvation lay in staying calm. 他們的船沉沒後，水手們知道要得救就在於他們能否保持鎮定。 ＊lie [laɪ] vi.（事情）在於（與介詞 in 並用）

solidarity

[sɑlə`dærətɪ] n. 團結 片語 express/show solidarity with sb 展現與某人團結一致的心意 The politician joined the strike to show his solidarity with the protesters. 該政治人物加入罷工，以展現與抗議者團結一致的心意。

sarcastic

[sɑr`kæstɪk] a. 諷刺的，挖苦的 John's sarcastic remarks really hurt Mary's feelings. 約翰那些諷刺的話很傷瑪麗的心。

soar

[sɔr] vi. 急升，飛漲，翱翔 Because of the energy crisis, the price of petrol has soared in recent months. 因為能源危機的問題，石油價格最近幾個月急速上漲。 Jimmy took a picture of an eagle soaring high in the sky. 吉米拍了一張老鷹在天空翱翔的照片。

subordinate

[sə`bɔrdṇɪt] n. 部屬 a. 次要的 vt. 使居次要地位 片語 be subordinate to sb/sth 次要於某人／某物 subordinate A to B 將 B 的優先次序置於 A 上 Tanya has a good relationship with her subordinates. 譚雅和她的部屬關係良好。 In the past, women were usually subordinate to men in the workplace. 在過去，女性在職場上的位階通常低於男性。 Tiffany has subordinated her dream to her family's expectations. 蒂芬妮把家人對她的期待擺在第一位，自己的夢想則為次要。

suburban

[sə`bɝbən] a. 市郊區的 The market for suburban houses of medium and small size is now more active than ever before. 市郊的中小型房屋市場現在是前所未有的活躍。 比較 urban [`ɝbən] a. 都市的 rural [`rʊrəl] a. 鄉下的 I'd rather live in a rural area than in an urban area. 我寧願住在鄉下地區也不願住在都會區。

sophisticated

[sə`fɪstə͵ketɪd] a. 世故的，圓滑的，（機器、系統）精密的 Even sophisticated diplomats may have trouble dealing with that problem. 即使是精明老練的外交官處理這個問題也會有困難。 This machine is very sophisticated. Therefore, it should only be run by professionals. 這台機器很精密。所以最好由專業人士來操作。 ＊professional [prə`fɛʃənḷ] n. 專業人士

serene

[sə`rin] a. 寧靜的 With the 3D animated screensaver, you'll experience the serene atmosphere of a winter night. 有了這個 3D 的動畫螢幕保護程式，你將體會到冬天夜晚的寧靜氣氛。

serenity

[sə`rɛnətɪ] n. 平靜（不可數） This suburban hotel offers serenity away from the hustle and bustle of the city. 這家坐落於市郊的飯店提供遠離城市喧囂的寧靜氛圍。 ＊the hustle and bustle 喧囂 ＊hustle [`hʌsḷ] n. 忙碌 ＊bustle [`bʌsḷ] n. 喧囂 延伸 serenade [͵sɛrə`ned] n. 小夜曲

subdue

[səb`dju] vt. 抑制（慾望、情緒） Betty managed to subdue an urge to cry as her boyfriend walked out on her. 貝蒂在被男友拋棄時設法抑制住自己想哭的衝動。 ＊walk out on sb 離棄某人

subjective

[səb`dʒɛktɪv] a. 主觀的 片語 a highly subjective judgment 極度主觀的判斷 In my view, the decision was based on a highly subjective judgment. 依我之見，這項決定建立在非常主觀的判斷之上。

subscribe

[səb`skraɪb] vi. 訂閱（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 subscribe to sth 訂閱某刊物 You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as $25 a year. 每年以 25 元美金的低價，你就能訂閱到這本雜誌。

subscription

[səb`skrɪpʃən] n. 訂閱 片語 take out a subscription to sth 辦理訂閱某物 cancel/renew a subscription 取消／更新訂閱 My subscription to The New York Times expired last month. 我訂閱的《紐約時報》上個月到期。 ＊expire [ɪk`spaɪr] vi. 期限終止 If you're interested in taking out a subscription to The Economist, please fill out this form. 你若有興趣辦理訂閱《經濟學人》雜誌，請填此表格。

successor

[sək`sɛsɚ] n. 繼承者（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 the successor to the throne 王位的繼承人 Charles is the successor to the English throne. 查爾斯是英國王位的繼承者。

successive

[sək`sɛsɪv] a. 連續的 After it had been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe. 被連續幾個暴風雨削弱之後，這座橋不再安全了。

succession

[sək`sɛʃən] n. 連續，繼承 片語 in succession 連續地 - in a row - successively The basketball team has won the championship three times in succession. 這支籃球隊已經連續 3 次贏得總冠軍。 A succession of financial scandals ruined the official's reputation. 一連串的財金醜聞破壞了該官員的名聲。

superiority

[sə͵pɪrɪ`ɑrətɪ] n. 優勢，優越 片語 a sense of superiority 優越感 - superiority complex a sense of inferiority 自卑感 - inferiority complex South Korea has been quickly establishing air and naval superiority. 南韓一直以來都在迅速建立海空優勢。 ＊naval [`nevḷ] a. 海軍的 Speaking French fluently gave Adam a sense of superiority over most of his classmates. 說得一口流利的法語讓亞當覺得自己比大部分的同學來得優越。

surpass

[sɚ`pæs] vt. 超越 The album's huge success has surpassed everyone's expectations. 這張專輯熱賣的程度超乎所有人的預料。

seduce

[sɪ`djus] vt. （性的）勾引，挑逗，引誘 片語 seduce sb into + V-ing 引誘某人⋯⋯ - lure sb into + V-ing The manager got fired for attempting to seduce his female subordinates. 該經理由於試圖勾引他的女部屬而遭解雇。 ＊subordinate [sə`bɔrdṇɪt] n. 部屬 With provocative commercials, the company seduced its consumers into buying its weight-loss pills. 這間公司以煽動性的廣告引誘消費者購買它的減肥藥。 ＊provocative [prə`vɑkətɪv] a. 煽動性的，挑撥的

simplicity

[sɪm`plɪsətɪ] n. 簡單，簡樸（不可數） The advantage of the computer game is its simplicity. 這款電動的優點在於它很簡單。 I want to move to the countryside and lead a life of simplicity. 我想搬到鄉下去過簡樸的生活。

synthetic

[sɪn`θɛtɪk] a. 合成的 Many people prefer wearing natural material to synthetic material. 許多人喜歡穿天然布料，而較不喜歡穿合成的布料。

superb

[sʊ`pɝb] a. 極好的 This course offers you a superb opportunity to enhance your interpersonal skills. 這門課程是你加強人際關係技巧的極好機會。

tuberculosis

[tju͵bɝkjə`losɪs] n. 肺結核（不可數，常縮寫為 TB） Tuberculosis is an airborne disease which can be spread by coughing and sneezing. 肺結核是一種會藉由咳嗽及打噴嚏傳播的傳染病。 ＊airborne [`ɛr͵bɔrn] a. 空中傳播的

toll

[tol] n. 過路費，傷亡人數 vt. 敲鐘 vi. 鐘聲響起 片語 take a heavy toll 造成嚴重傷亡 toll the death knell for... 敲響⋯⋯的喪鐘（預告某事即將結束 。＊knell [nɛl] n. 喪鐘聲） Hanna just got a job collecting tolls on the freeway. 漢娜剛找到一份在高速公路上收過路費的工作。 The hurricane took a heavy toll, causing the death of hundreds of people. 該颶風造成重大傷亡，導致數百人死亡。 The dictator's defeat in battle tolled the death knell for his regime. 這位獨裁者在該場戰事中的失利敲響了他政權的喪鐘。 The church bell tolled in mourning for those who died in the accident. 教堂的鐘聲響起，為在該起意外中死亡的人們哀悼。 延伸 a toll bridge 有收過路費的橋 the death toll 死亡人數

triumphant

[traɪ`ʌmfənt] a. 凱旋的 片語 a triumphant smile/look/expression 得意的微笑／表情／臉色 John greeted his parents with a triumphant smile, because he had won first prize in the speech contest. 約翰帶著勝利的微笑迎接父母，因為他在演講比賽中贏得了首獎。

trait

[tret] n. 特質 片語 a personality/character trait 人格特質 Arrogance and laziness are two of Bill's most annoying personality traits. 傲慢和懶散是比爾最令人討厭的其中兩項人格特質。

truce

[trus] n. 休戰，停戰 片語 call a truce 宣佈休戰 break a truce 重新宣戰 Both countries agreed to call a truce while diplomats discussed a peace plan. 兩國都同意在外交官員討論和平計畫時暫時休戰。

transaction

[træn`zækʃən/træn`sækʃən] n. 交易 Each transaction at the ATM is subject to an additional charge. 自動櫃員機的每筆交易都要額外收取費用。 ＊ATM 自動櫃員機（是 automated teller machine 的縮寫）

transition

[træn`zɪʃən] n. 轉變 片語 transition from A to B 從 A 轉變為 B The transition from high school to college can be difficult for students. 從高中到大學的轉變對學生而言可能很難適應。

transmit

[træns`mɪt] vt. 傳送（電子訊號），傳播（疾病或能量） 片語 transmit sth (from...)to... 將某物（從⋯⋯）傳送到⋯⋯ a sexually transmitted disease 性病 The show is transmitted live by satellite to over 26 countries across the world. 本節目透過衛星傳送，在全世界超過 26 個國家現場播出。 ＊satellite [`sætḷ͵aɪt] n. 衛星 The flu is transmitted from one person to another through the air. 流行性感冒藉由空氣在人與人之間互相傳染。

transmission

[træns`mɪʃən] n. 傳送（電視訊號），傳播（疾病） 片語 the transmission of disease 疾病的傳播 The five-minute interruption in our transmission yesterday was due to technical malfunction. 由於機械故障，昨天我們傳送的訊息斷了 5 分鐘。 ＊malfunction [mæl`fʌŋkʃən] n. 故障 The state government took action to prevent the transmission of disease between hospitals. 州政府採取行動，防止疾病在各醫院之間相互傳播。 ＊minister [`mɪnɪstɚ] n. 部長

transplant

[træns`plænt]/[`træns͵plænt] vt. 移植 n. 移植 That tree is tall enough to be transplanted to the garden. 那棵樹已經長得夠高，能夠移栽到花園裡。 The patient requires a liver transplant immediately. 這個病人需要馬上接受肝臟移植。

tread

[trɛd] vt. vi. 踩，踏 片語 tread water 打水 tread on sb's toes 惹火某人 Before you learn how to swim, you should learn how to tread water. 在你學游泳之前，你得先學如何打水。 Nancy was so nervous that she kept treading on Paul's feet while they were dancing. 南西和保羅在跳舞的時候，緊張得猛踩保羅的腳。 "No comment. I don't want to tread on anybody's toes," said the chairman. 那名主席說：『不予置評。我不想招惹任何人。』

trek

[trɛk] n. 長途跋涉 vi. 長途跋涉 It's a bit of a trek from here to the train station. 從這兒走到火車站有一小段路。 It took the mountain-climbing team two days to trek across the forest. 這支登山隊花了兩天才走出森林。

tsunami

[tsu`nɑmi] n. 海嘯 A tsunami is often caused by an earthquake. 海嘯經常是地震所引起的。 用法 本字原為日語，英文中的海嘯原是 tidal waves，現今多用 tsunami。

tattoo

[tæ`tu] 複數形: tattoos [tæ`tuz] vt. 刺青 n. 刺青 The gangster has a dragon tattooed on his back. 這個流氓在背上刺了一條龍。 It will be very expensive and time-consuming to remove all of these tattoos. 要把這些刺青移除會非常貴也很耗時。 延伸 a tattoo parlor 刺青店 a tattoo artist 刺青師傅

tact

[tækt] n. 圓融，機靈 Smith is very professional as a financial analyst, but he is a little short on tact. 史密斯是很專業的一位財務分析師，但是稍嫌不夠圓融。 ＊be short on... 在⋯⋯方面不足 This book tells you how to communicate with tact in the workplace. 這本書告訴你如何在職場圓融地跟人溝通。

tornado

[tɔr`nedo] n. 龍捲風 The tornado destroyed everything in its path. 這陣龍捲風所經之處一切皆被摧毀。 比較 hurricane [`hɝɪ͵ken] n. 颶風（發生於東太平洋或大西洋沿岸的風暴） cyclone [`saɪklon] n. 氣旋（發生於南太平洋沿岸的風暴） typhoon [taɪ`fun] n. 颱風（發生於西太平洋沿岸的風暴） 以上 3 字其實就指『颱風』，只是名稱有所區別罷了。

taboo

[tə`bu/tæ`bu] 複數形: taboos [tə`buz] n. 禁忌 a. 禁忌的 Premarital sex is considered a taboo by some people. 有人認為婚前性行為是個禁忌。 ＊premarital [pri`mærətḷ] a. 婚前的 Homosexuality is still viewed as a taboo subject in many countries. 在許多國家同性戀仍是個禁忌話題。

chunk

[tʃʌŋk] n. （肉 、木材等的）一大塊或厚片 片語 a chunk of...; 一塊⋯⋯ Cut the pork into chunks and dip it in the sauce. 把豬肉切成塊，放進醬汁裡浸泡。

vibration

[vaɪ`breʃən] n. 震動，顫動 Vibrations could still be felt 20 minutes after the earthquake took place. 地震發生過後的 20 分鐘仍可感到震動。

vitality

[vaɪ`tælətɪ] n. 活力，元氣 The process of restructuring has injected vitality into the department. 改組過程為該部門注入了一股生命力。 ＊inject [ɪn`dʒɛkt] vt. 注入；注射（藥物）

vice

[vaɪs] n. 罪惡（不可數），犯法的惡行 a. 副的 The fable told us that greed is a vice and greedy people will eventually be punished. 這則寓言告訴我們，貪婪是種罪，貪心的人總有一天會得到懲罰的。 ＊greed [grid] n. 貪心 The mayor pledged to fight against vice among teenagers. 市長誓言要掃除青少年間的惡行。 ＊pledge [plɛdʒ] vt. 發誓

vocation

[vo`keʃən] n. 職業（特定某種工作），使命 片語 have a vocation for... 有⋯⋯的使命感 Amy has found her true vocation as a novelist. 艾咪找到真正屬於她的職業，就是當個小說家。 Mr. Wilson has a vocation for preaching. 威爾森先生有傳道的使命感。 延伸 vocation 和 occupation 是指『一般性的職業』；profession 則指『專業性的職業』。 比較 vacation [ve`keʃən] n. 假期

vocational

[vo`keʃənḷ] a. 職業的 片語 vocational education/training 在職教育／訓練 a vocational school 職業學校 Laura is taking vocational training to learn to be a hairdresser. 蘿拉正在接受成為美髮師的在職訓練。

vogue

[vog] n. 流行，時髦 片語 be in vogue 在流行中 - be in fashion Short hair is very much in vogue this summer. 今年夏天短髮非常流行。

valve

[vælv] 複數形: valves [vælvz] n. 閥，活門，（心臟）瓣膜 The valve failed to close and caused a flood in the building. 活門沒有關上，造成建築物裡淹水。 The sound of a beating heart comes from the shutting of heart valves. 心臟跳動聲源自心臟瓣膜關上的聲音。

validity

[və`lɪdətɪ] n. 有效性，確實性 The validity of Dr. Wilson's theory has yet to be proved. 威爾遜博士理論的有效性還有待證明。

vanilla

[və`nɪlə] n. 香草 片語 vanilla ice cream 香草冰淇淋 Vanilla extract is often used for flavor in baking. 香草精常用於烘培時提味用。 ＊extract [`ɛkstrækt] n. 萃取物，精

vend

[vɛnd] vt. 販賣 The drug dealer was arrested on the spot when he was caught vending illegal drugs in the pub. 這名毒販在一家酒吧販賣非法毒品時當場被捕。 ＊on the spot 立刻 Vending machines offer a wide variety of foods, ranging from drinks to cookies. 販賣機賣各式各樣的貨品，從飲料到餅乾都有。 延伸 a vending machine 販賣機 比較 peddle [`pɛdḷ] vt. & vi.（挨家挨戶或沿街）叫賣

verge

[vɝdʒ] n. 邊緣 片語 be on the verge of... 在⋯⋯的邊緣 - be on the brink of... - be on the edge of... The heavy workload made Tim feel like he was on the verge of a nervous breakdown. 龐大的工作量讓提姆覺得他在精神崩潰邊緣。

victorious

[vɪk`tɔrɪəs] a. 得勝的 The victorious team received a hero's welcome in their hometown. 這支獲勝的隊伍在他們的家鄉獲得英雄式的歡迎。

woo

[wu] vt. vi. 遊說，男性向女性求愛 The presidential candidate made a great effort to woo grassroots voters. 該總統候選人努力博取基層選民的好感。 ＊grassroots [`græs͵ruts] a. 基層的 John has been wooing Jane for six months. - John has been courting Jane for six months. 約翰已經追求阿珍半年了。

withstand

[wɪð`stænd] vt. 抵抗 These tires can withstand any kind of road conditions. 這些輪胎可以應付任何路況。

zeal

[zil] n. 熱忱 片語 have a zeal for... 對於做⋯⋯很有熱忱 Whatever John does, he does it with zeal. 約翰不管做什麼事情會全心投入。

abnormal

[æb`nɔrmḷ] a. 不正常的，異乎尋常的 John's abnormal behavior can be seen as a sign of mental stress. 約翰異常的行為可視為心理壓力的徵兆。

adverse

[æd`vɝs] a. 相反的，不利的 片語 have an adverse effect on... 對⋯⋯有不利影響 adverse weather conditions 不利的天氣條件 Experts fear the merge of the two companies will have adverse effects on stock prices. 專家擔心這兩家公司的合併將會對股價有不利的影響。 All flights to L.A. have been canceled due to adverse weather conditions. 所有前往洛杉磯的班機都因為天候條件不佳而取消。

accelerate

[æk`sɛlə͵ret] vt. vi. 加速（- speed up） The candidate proposed measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth. 候選人提出加速經濟發展的辦法。 ＊candidate [`kændə͵det `kændədɪt] n. 候選人 ＊propose [prə`poz] vt. 提出 ＊measures [`mɛʒɚs] n. 措施（恆用複數） The sports car can accelerate to a speed of 100 km per hour in just a few seconds. 這輛跑車可以在幾秒之間加速到時速 100 公里。

accessible

[æk`sɛsəbḷ] a. 可到達的，易取得的，易理解的 片語 be accessible to sb 對某人而言容易取得的／容易理解的 That tropical island is not easily accessible. 那座熱帶小島不易到達。 ＊tropical [`trɑpɪkḷ] a. 熱帶的 Confidential military documents are not accessible to the public. 一般大眾無法取得機密的軍事文件。 Aaron's poetry is accessible to people of all ages. 艾倫寫的詩大人小孩都看得懂。

accessory

[æk`sɛsərɪ] n. 附加物件，衣物配件（皆常用複數） 片語 fashion accessories 流行配件 Gina's accessories matched her purple silk gown perfectly. 吉娜的配件和她的紫色絲質禮服極為相襯。 The boutique around the corner sells jewelry and other fashion accessories. 街角那家精品店販售珠寶和其它的流行時尚配件。

acceleration

[æk͵sɛlə`reʃən] n. 加速 The acceleration in the rate of inflation brought about public complaints. 通貨膨脹的速率不斷增加引發民眾的抱怨。 ＊inflation [ɪn`fleʃən] n. 通貨膨脹 ＊bring about... 導致⋯⋯（- result in...）

ambiguous

[æm`bɪgjʊəs] a. 模稜兩可的 The wording of this contract is ambiguous. Thus, we shall not sign it. 這份合約的用字模稜兩可。因此，我們不應該簽約。 ＊wording [`wɝdɪŋ] n. 措辭

antenna

[æn`tɛnə] 複數形: antennae [æn`tɛnɪ]（觸角） antennas [æn`tɛnəs]（天線） n. 觸角，天線 Insects use their antennae to collect information about their environment. 昆蟲利用觸角收及四周環境的訊息。 I have to tilt the TV's antenna slightly to the right to get a better reception. 我得把電視天線微微向右傾斜收訊才比較清楚。 ＊tilt [tɪlt] vt. 使傾斜 ＊reception [rɪ`sɛpʃən] n.（無線電的）接收

anticipate

[æn`tɪsə͵pet] vt. 期待，預期（常用名詞或動名詞作受詞） The law firm anticipates having dozens of applicants for the job. 那家律師事務所預計將有數十人應徵該職缺。 用法 anticipate 與 expect 均表『期待』，但 anticipate 須用名詞或動名詞作受詞，expect則用名詞或不定詞片語作受詞。例： I anticipate your answer. - I expect your answer. 我期待你的答覆。 I anticipate seeing him again. - I expect to see him again. 我預期將再見他一面。

anticipation

[æn͵tɪsə`peʃən] n. 期待，預期 片語 in anticipation of... 期待⋯⋯ - in expectation of... Reporters packed the theater in anticipation of the actor's arrival. 記者擠滿了戲院，期待著該演員的到來。

thereby

[ðɛr`baɪ] adv. 因此 Paul knocked over the red wine and thereby stained the tablecloth. 保羅打翻了紅酒，而弄髒了桌布。

thereafter

[ðɛr`æftɚ] adv. 從那之後 片語 shortly thereafter 在那之後很快地 He got married at the age of 27 and had his first child shortly thereafter. 他 27 歲時結婚，之後很快地有了第一個孩子。

articulate

[ɑr`tɪkjəlɪt]/[ɑr`tɪkjə͵let] a. 善於表達的，口才好的 vt. 明確表達 The audience was fascinated by the professor's articulate speech. 觀眾深受這名教授的好口才所吸引。 ＊fascinate [`fæsṇ͵et] vt. 使著迷 Sometimes I find it hard to articulate the complicated feelings I have. 我時候我很難表達我所感受到的複雜情緒。

autonomy

[ɔ`tɑnəmɪ] n. 自治，自治權（不可數） Demonstrators demanded greater autonomy for the province. 示威運動者要求該省獲得更多的自治權。 比較 anatomy [ə`nætəmɪ] n. 解剖學

authentic

[ɔ`θɛntɪk] a. （物品）真正的 This restaurant offers a wide variety of authentic Japanese cuisine ranging from sushi to sukiyaki. 這家餐廳提供各式各樣的正宗日本菜餚，從壽司到壽喜燒都有。

alternative

[ɔl`tɚnətɪv] n. 選擇，替代方案 a. 替代的 片語 have no alternative but to V 除⋯⋯外別無選擇 - have no option but to V - have no choice but to V an alternative route/method/approach 替代路線／方法／辦法 alternative energy 替代性能源（非傳統性能源） A huge typhoon is coming, so we have no alternative but to cancel the trip. 強烈的颱風即將來臨，因此我們只有取消行程別無選擇了。 An alternative way would be to travel by plane. 另一種可供選擇的方式就是搭飛機。

ordeal

[ɔr`dil] n. 嚴酷考驗，煎熬 片語 go through the ordeal of... 經歷⋯⋯的痛苦經驗 After Nancy went through the ordeal of a divorce, she didn't want to fall in love with another man. 萳西經歷離婚的煎熬後，就不想跟其他男人談戀愛了。

abound

[ə`baʊnd] vi. 充滿 片語 abound in/with... 充滿⋯⋯，富於⋯⋯ Mr. Jackson's poetry abounds in love for nature. 傑克遜先生的詩充滿對大自然的愛。 The pond abounds with fish and frogs. 池塘裡有很多魚和青蛙。

abusive

[ə`bjusɪv] a. 辱罵的 片語 abusive language 粗言粗語 The tennis player denied using abusive language to the umpire. 這位網球選手否認曾對裁判出言不遜。

abuse

[ə`bjuz]/[ə`bjus] vt. 虐待，辱罵，濫用 n. 虐待，辱罵，濫用 Most Asian-American teenagers have the experience of being verbally abused at school. 大部分的亞裔美國青年在學校都曾有遭到言語辱罵的經驗。 Charles abused his position as manager to steal money from the company. 查爾斯濫用經理的職位從公司竊取錢財。 The man was arrested on a charge of child abuse. 這名男子因虐童罪名而遭逮捕。 Frodo suffered from brain damage due to long-term drug abuse. 佛拉多因為長期藥物濫用導致腦部受損傷。 延伸 abuse one's position 濫用某人職位 abuse of power 權力的濫用 alcohol/drug abuse 酒精／藥物的濫用 child abuse 兒童虐待 verbal abuse 言語上的辱罵

erosion

[ɪ`roʒən] n. 侵蝕（不可數） Coastal erosion is the gradual destruction of land by the sea. 海岸的侵蝕是陸地受海洋逐漸的破壞所致。

oblige

[ə`blaɪdʒ] vt. 迫使，使負義務，施加恩惠 片語 oblige sb to V 迫使某人⋯⋯；使某人有義務⋯⋯ oblige sb by doing sth 幫忙某人某事 be obliged to sb for sth 因某事而感激某人 - be grateful to sb for sth - be thankful to sb for sth The sex scandal obliged the mayor of New York City to step down. 這樁性醜聞迫使紐約市長下台。 ＊step down（政治人物）下台 The Constitution obliges all citizens to pay taxes. 憲法使所有公民都有納稅的義務。 Jim obliged his friend by driving him to the airport. 吉米幫忙把他朋友載到機場。 I am much obliged to you for your timely help. 我很感激你即時的幫助。

abbreviate

[ə`brivɪ͵et] vt. 縮寫 片語 abbreviate A to B 將 A 簡寫為 B Nowadays, people often abbreviate the word dormitory to dorm . 現今，人們常把 dormitory 這個字縮寫成 dorm。 ＊dormitory [`dɔrmə͵tɔrɪ] n. 宿舍

abolish

[ə`bɑlɪʃ] vt. 廢除 片語 abolish sth 廢除某物 - do away with sth - get rid of sth The protesters called on the government to abolish the death penalty. 抗議群眾呼籲政府廢除死刑。

abundance

[ə`bʌndəns] n. 豐富，充裕 片語 an abundance of... 充分的⋯⋯ in abundance 大量地 - in profusion - in large quantities Lily has an abundance of friends of all ages. 莉莉有很多朋友，且各個年齡層都有。 The supermarket at the corner provides its customers with fruits in abundance at low prices. 街角那家超市低價提供顧客大量的水果。

abundant

[ə`bʌndənt] a. 充裕的 片語 an abundant supply of sth 某物充分的供應量 abundant opportunities for... 許多⋯⋯的機會 As long as you perform well at the company, you'll have abundant opportunities for promotion. 只要你在公司表現良好，升遷的機會多的是。 The river is abundant in salmon at this time of the year. 這條河在每年此時都會有大量的鮭魚。

addict

[ə`dɪkt]/[`ædɪkt] vt. 使上癮（與介詞 to 並用） n. 上癮的人 片語 be addicted to + N/V-ing... 對⋯⋯上癮 The movie star became addicted to alcohol after her divorce and the death of her son. 這名影星自從離婚加上兒子過世後，就沉迷於嗜酒了。 Drug addicts pose potential threats to society as a whole. 吸毒者對整個社會造成潛在的威脅。 ＊pose a threat to... 對⋯⋯造成威脅

addictive

[ə`dɪktɪv] a. 會上癮的 片語 be highly addictive 極容易上癮的 It is widely known that nicotine is highly addictive, even though tobacco companies denied it in the past. 大家都知道尼古丁很容易上癮，即使過去菸草公司並不承認。 ＊nicotine [`nɪkə͵tin] n. 尼古丁 ＊tobacco [tə`bæko] n. 菸草

addiction

[ə`dɪkʃən] n. 上癮（亦與介詞 to 並用） 片語 addiction to alcohol 對酒精上癮 Mark's addiction to alcohol has ruined his career. 馬克的酒癮毀了他的職涯。

affirm

[ə`fɝm] vt. 證實 Judy affirmed her intention of applying for the management position. 茱蒂證實她將應徵管理部門的職缺。 The spokesman affirmed that a war on terrorism would be necessary. 發言人證實對恐怖主義開戰是必要的。 用法 此字之後用名詞或 that 子句作受詞。

aggression

[ə`grɛʃən] n. 侵略（不可數） Recent research shows that listening to rap music may lead to aggression in teenagers. 最近一份研究顯示，聽饒舌音樂可能造成年輕人的侵略行為。

accountable

[ə`kaʊntəbḷ] a. （對人或事）應負責的 片語 be held accountable for sth 應對某事負責 - be held responsible for sth be accountable to sb 應對某人負責 The manager should be held accountable for his role in the case. - The manager should be held responsible for his role in the case. 這名經理應該要為他在這件案子所扮演的角色負責。 Schools should be accountable to the students who pay tuition to attend them. 學校應對該校繳交學費唸書的學生負責。

accounting

[ə`kaʊntɪŋ] n. 會計，會計學 Eddie sued the accounting company for having mismanaged his funds. 艾迪控告該會計公司不當處置他的資金。

accumulate

[ə`kjumjə͵let] vt. vi. 累積 片語 pile up... 堆積⋯⋯ - amass... - build up... Jack quickly accumulated a large fortune by investing in the stock market. 傑克藉由投資股票市場累積了一大筆財富。 A thick layer of dust accumulated on my desk because I hadn't cleaned it for a year. 一層厚厚的灰塵積在我桌上，因為我一年沒清理過桌子了。

acute

[ə`kjut] a. 敏銳的，急性的，嚴重的 片語 an acute sense of smell 敏銳的嗅覺 an acute disease 急性病 an acute shortage of water 嚴重缺水 Dogs have an acute sense of smell. 狗兒有敏銳的嗅覺。 Mark's daughter developed acute appendicitis last week. 馬克的女兒上星期患了急性盲腸炎。 ＊appendicitis [ə͵pɛndə`saɪtɪs] n. 闌尾炎，盲腸炎 The long drought caused an acute shortage of water in West Africa. 長期乾旱造成西非地區嚴重缺水。 ＊drought [draʊt] n. 乾旱

acclaim

[ə`klem] vt. 稱讚 n. 稱讚 片語 be acclaimed for sth 因某事受到讚賞 - be praised for sth receive acclaim 受到讚揚 Dr. Smith was widely acclaimed for having published a brilliant academic paper. 史密斯博士因為發表了一份優秀的學術報告而廣獲讚揚。 Though in his late 40s, Jack still receives great acclaim as one of the most dominant pitchers ever. 即使快 50 歲了，傑克依舊廣受讚揚為有史以來最重要的投手之一。

accommodate

[ə`kɑmə͵det] vt. 容納，提供膳宿 片語 accommodate 為『容納』時，相當於下列 片語： -have room/capacity for... The newly built auditorium can accommodate 2,000 students. - The newly built auditorium has room for 2,000 students. 這座新蓋的禮堂可容納 2000 名學生。 The hotel can accommodate up to 1000 tourists. 這間飯店可以提供 1000 名遊客住宿。

accord

[ə`kɔrd] n. 協定 vi. 一致（常與介詞 with 並用） 片語 be in accord with... 與⋯⋯一致 - accord with... of one's own accord 自動自發地 - of one's own free will The two countries signed a peace accord last July. 這兩個國家去年 7 月簽訂和平條約。 What Peter does is in accord with what he says. - What Peter does is in agreement with what he says. 彼得言行一致。 I have a hard time believing that John resigned of his own accord. 我很難相信約翰是自願辭職的。 The two suspects' stories did not accord with the evidence. 那兩位嫌犯的說法和證據不符。

accordance

[ə`kɔrdəns] n. 依據 片語 in accordance with... 依據⋯⋯ Make sure you use this product in accordance with the instructions. 務必依照操作手冊使用此產品。 ＊instructions [ɪn`strʌkʃənz] n. 使用說明，操作手冊（恆用複數）

accordingly

[ə`kɔrdɪŋlɪ] adv. 照著，因此（- therefore） My roommate asked me to turn down the music and I acted accordingly. 我的室友要我把音樂關小聲一點，我就照著做。 The cost of raw materials rose 10%. Accordingly, we have to increase our price. - The cost of raw materials rose 10%. Therefore, we have to increase our price. 原物料上漲了百分之 10。因此，我們必須調漲價格。

akin

[ə`kɪn] a. 相似的，有親戚關係的 片語 be akin to... 與⋯⋯類似 與⋯⋯有親戚關係 - be similar to... - be related to... Luke's views on art are akin to mine. - Luke's views on art are similar to mine. 路克與我對藝術的看法很相似。 John's mother is my aunt, so he is akin to me. 約翰的媽媽是我阿姨，因此約翰與我有親戚關係。

allege

[ə`lɛdʒ] vt. （無證據的）宣稱 An anonymous caller alleged that a bomb had been planted on the aircraft. 一個匿名者打電話宣稱，有顆炸彈已被安置在飛機上。 ＊anonymous [ə`nɑnəməs] a. 匿名的 It was alleged that prisoners held at Guantanamo Bay were mistreated. 據稱被關在關塔那摩灣的犯人受到虐待。 ＊mistreat [mɪs`trit] vt. 虐待

analogy

[ə`nælədʒɪ] n. 相似（可數），類比（不可數） 片語 make/draw an analogy between A and B 比較 A 與 B 相似之處 by analogy with... 以⋯⋯作類比論証 The teacher drew an analogy between the city and the jungle. 老師比較城市和叢林的相似之處。 It's easier to explain an abstract concept by analogy with something concrete. 解釋一個抽象觀念時，用具體的東西來類比論証比較容易。 ＊abstract [`æbstrækt] a. 抽象的 ＊concrete [`kɑnkrit] a. 具體的

anonymous

[ə`nɑnəməs] a. 匿名的 片語 an anonymous donor 匿名捐贈者 an anonymous letter/phone call 匿名信件／電話 The diamond ring was sold to an anonymous bidder for one million. 那枚鑽戒以 1 百萬美元賣給一位匿名的競標者。 ＊bidder [`bɪdɚ] n. 競標者 The general manager received an anonymous letter accusing an employee of embezzlement. 總經理接到一封匿名信函，信中指控某位員工盜用公款。 ＊embezzlement [ɪm`bɛzḷmənt] n. 挪用公款

annoyance

[ə`nɔɪəns] n. 惱怒（不可數），煩人的人或物（可數） 片語 T(t)o one's annoyance,... 令某人惱怒的是，⋯⋯ Much to my annoyance, Joanne canceled our dinner date without letting me know in advance. 令我非常生氣的是，喬安事先沒有告訴我就取消了我們的晚餐約會。 It is such an annoyance when someone's cell phone rings in the middle of a movie showing. 電影演到一半有人的手機卻響了，這真是件令人討厭的事。

opponent

[ə`ponənt] n. 對手 The boxer knocked his opponent out in the second round. 拳擊手在第二回將他的對手擊倒。

approximate

[ə`prɑksəmɪt]/[ə`prɑksə͵met] a. 大約的，近似的 vt. 接近，近（多以數字作受詞） Just tell me the approximate number of students who will attend the rally. 請告訴我會參加這次集會的學生人數大約是多少。 The crowd in the stadium was approximated at 55,000. 運動場裡的群眾估計有五萬五千人。

approximately

[ə`prɑksəmɪtlɪ] adv. 大約 Our plane will be landing in approximately 30 minutes. 本班機大約會在 30 分鐘後降落。 延伸 approximately + 數字 大約若干⋯⋯ - some + 數字 - about + 數字 - roughly + 數字 - around + 數字

apprentice

[ə`prɛntɪs] n. 學徒（常與介詞 to 並用） 片語 be an apprentice to sb 作為某人的學徒 Marvin was one of the apprentices to the famous carpenter. 馬文是這位著名木匠的學徒之一。 延伸 an apprentice carpenter/electrician/chef 木匠／電工／廚師學徒

oppress

[ə`prɛs] vt. 壓迫 The Taliban regime was accused of brutally oppressing ethnic and religious minorities. 塔利班政權被控殘忍地壓迫少數民族及宗教。 ＊regime [rɪ`dʒim] n. 政權 ＊ethnic [`ɛθnɪk] a. 種族的

oppression

[ə`prɛʃən] n. 壓抑，壓迫（不可數） Every human being has the right to freedom from oppression. 每個人都有免受壓迫自由的權利。

appall

[ə`pɔl] vt. 使驚恐 片語 be appalled at... 被⋯⋯嚇到 The public was appalled at the brutality of the recent crime in their town. 民眾被最近鎮上的一樁兇殘罪行給嚇到。 ＊brutality [bru`tælətɪ] n. 殘忍，兇殘

appalling

[ə`pɔlɪŋ] a. 可怕的，十分低劣的 The hostages have been kept under appalling conditions since their kidnapping last May. 那些人質自從去年 5 月被綁票起就被囚禁在惡劣的環境中。 ＊hostage [`hɑstɪdʒ] n. 人質 The service at this restaurant is appalling. I want to speak with your manager. 你餐廳的服務真差勁。我要和你的經理講話。

originate

[ə`rɪdʒə͵net] vi. 源自 片語 originate in + 時間∕地方 源自某時／某地 originate from sth 源自某物 Automobiles originated in the 19th century. 汽車源自於 19 世紀。 Many Christmas traditions are thought to have originated in Germany. 許多聖誕節的傳統被認為是起源於德國。 Chinese herbal medicines originate from plants and other natural substances. 中藥源自植物以及其他天然物質。 ＊herbal [`ɝbḷ/`hɝbḷ] a. 草本的 ＊herbal medicine 草藥

asylum

[ə`saɪləm] n. 庇護（不可數），庇護所（可數） 片語 seek political asylum 尋求政治庇護 a lunatic asylum 精神病院 The liberal activist sought political asylum at the Swiss embassy. 這名自由主義激進份子在瑞典大使館尋求政治庇護。 ＊liberal [`lɪbərəl] a. 自由主義的 ＊activist [`æktəvɪst] n. 激進份子 ＊embassy [`ɛmbəsɪ] n. 大使館 After his wife passed away, Mr. Wilson went crazy and ended up in a lunatic asylum. 魏爾遜先生在妻子過世後便發瘋了，最後住進了精神病院。 ＊lunatic [`lunətɪk] n. 瘋子

assassin

[ə`sæsɪn] n. 刺客，暗殺者 That man is a professional assassin for a radical political group. 那個男子是名激進政治團體僱用的職業殺手。 ＊radical [`rædɪkḷ] a. 激進的

assert

[ə`sɚt] vt. 堅稱，維護 片語 assert that... 主張⋯⋯ assert one's rights/authority 維護某人的權力／權威 assert oneself 堅持自己的意見 Frank asserted that he did not steal the from the company. 法蘭克堅稱自己沒從公司偷錢。 ＊client [`klaɪənt] n. 委託訴訟人，當事人 My boss rarely asserts his authority over his employees unless necessary. 若非必要，我的老闆很少會在員工面前維護自己的權威。 You should have asserted yourself during that meeting. 那場會議中，你真該堅持自己的意見才是。

assess

[ə`sɛs] vt. 評估，對⋯⋯估價 片語 assess the impact/effect/extent of sth 評估某事的衝擊／影響／程度 assessed sth at + 金錢 估價某物為若干錢 More clinical trials are needed before pharmacologists can assess the effectiveness of this new drug. 藥理學家需要更多的臨床實驗才能評估該新藥物是否真有效用。 ＊pharmacologist [͵fɑrmə`kɑlədʒɪst] n. 藥理學家 The damage caused by the earthquake was assessed at 50 million dollars. 地震造成的損害估計達 5 千萬美元。

assessment

[ə`sɛsmənt] n. 評估 片語 make an assessment of... 對⋯⋯做出評估 It would be prudent to make a comprehensive assessment of the situation before we make any plans. 在我們制訂任何計畫前，保險的作法應是先對局勢做全盤的評估。 What's your assessment of the team's chances of winning? 你看該隊勝算如何？

assertive

[ə`sɝtɪv] a. 果敢的，自信的 片語 be assertive about... 對⋯⋯很堅決 All bosses like their employees to be assertive and able to solve any problems on their own. 所有老闆都喜歡員工能果決，也能自行解決任何問題。

assertion

[ə`sɝʃən] n. 主張，維護 片語 It is sb's assertion that... 某人主張⋯⋯ make an assertion that... 發表強烈聲明 - make a strong statement that... It is my assertion that we should abort the plan because it is too impractical. 我強烈主張放棄該計畫，因為那太不實際了。 The congressman made an assertion that it's wrong for the government to send troops to the Middle East. 該國會議員發表強烈聲明政府派兵前往中東是錯誤的。 The assertion of the right to free speech is very important. 言論自由權之主張是很重要的。

assumption

[ə`sʌmpʃən] n. 推測 片語 make assumptions about... 對⋯⋯做出推測 We too often make assumptions about others based on previous experience. 我們太常倚靠過去的經驗來對他人做出推測。 It's my assumption that gas prices will decline. 我推測油價會下跌。 ＊decline [dɪ`klaɪn] vi. 下跌

attain

[ə`ten] vt. 達到，獲得 片語 attain/achieve/fulfill a goal 達到目標 Through hard work, Mr. Wilson eventually attained his goal of becoming the greatest writer in his country. 魏爾遜先生經由努力，終於達到目標，成為他國家最偉大的作家。 Frank attained a high score on the English test. 法蘭克在這次英文考試上得到了好分數。

attainment

[ə`tenmənt] n. 獲得 The attainment of a doctoral degree is impossible without years of hard work. 沒有多年的努力是無法獲得博士學位的。

attribute

[ə`trɪbjʊt]/[`ætrə͵bjut] vt. 將⋯⋯歸因於 n. 特質 片語 attribute A to B 將 A 歸因於 B - ascribe A to B Terry attributes his success to hard work and a little bit of luck. 泰瑞將他的成功歸因於努力以及一絲運氣。 Organizational ability is the most important attribute for a good manager. 組織能力是稱職的經理所需具備最重要的特質。

attendant

[ə`tɛndənt] n. 服務員 I had never thought that my dream of becoming a flight attendant would one day come true. 我從未想過我成為空服員的夢想有天竟然能成真。 延伸 a flight attendant 空服員

obscure

[əb`skjʊr] a. 不出名的，模糊的，難懂的 vt. 使看不清楚，使難以理解 This year's national literary award was given to an obscure writer. 今年全國性的文學獎頒給了一名沒沒無聞的作家。 I found Professor Johnson's lecture on modern art very obscure. 我覺得強森教授針對現代藝術所做的講授很難理解。 The airport and runways were obscured by the heavy fog, so our plane could not land. 機場與跑道被濃霧遮住了，所以我們的班機無法降落。 ＊runway [`rʌn͵we] n. 飛機跑道 The recent increase in stock prices has obscured the fact that the company is going through financial difficulties. 最近股價的上漲掩蓋了這家公司正經歷財務困難的事實。 ＊financial [faɪ`nænʃəl] a. 財務的

obsession

[əb`sɛʃən] n. 執著，著迷（與 with 並用） John's obsession with gambling finally cost him his life savings. 約翰沉迷於賭博，最後失去他所有的存款。 ＊cost sb sth 使某人失去某物

administer

[əd`mɪnəstɚ] vt. 掌管，執行，給予（藥物、治療） 片語 administer the law 執行法律 - carry out the law - enforce the law administer medicine to sb 給某人藥物 It takes a lot of experience to administer a big company. - It takes a lot of experience to manage a big company. 管理一間大公司需要很多的經驗。 The duty of a judge is to administer the law. 法官的職責就是執行法律。 The doctor administered the vaccine to the villagers. 那位醫師為村民們注射疫苗。 ＊vaccine [`væksin] n. 疫苗

administrator

[əd`mɪnə͵stretɚ] n. 行政者，執行者 I was quite impressed with the competence of the administrator. 這位行政人員的能幹讓我印象深刻。 ＊competence [`kɑmpətəns] n. 能幹，稱職

administrative

[əd`mɪnə͵stretɪv] a. 行政的 片語 the administrative section/department 行政部門 For those who are interested in the job, please contact the administrative section for application forms. 凡對此工作有興趣者，請與行政部門接洽索取申請書。

administration

[əd͵mɪnə`streʃən] n. 行政，政府 Some experience in school administration is necessary for this job. 這份工作要求具有若干學校行政經驗。 The Bush administration failed to create more job opportunities for the American people. 布希政府未能為美國人民創造更多的工作機會。 用法 administration 與 government 均可表『政府』，但在美國，administration 專指『某人執政時期的政府』，因此 administration 之前必須置定冠詞 the，之後再置總統的姓氏；而 government 則指國家政府。 the Clinton administration 柯林頓政府 the US government 美國政府

abbreviation

[ə͵brivɪ`eʃən] n. 縮寫 片語 be the abbreviation of/for... 是⋯⋯的縮寫 Corp. is the abbreviation for corporation . Corp. 是 corporation 的縮寫。 ＊corporation [͵kɔrpə`reʃən] n. 股份有限公司

accumulation

[ə͵kjumjə`leʃən] n. 累積 There is more to learning than the accumulation of knowledge. 學習並不只是知識的累積。

accommodation

[ə͵kɑmə`deʃən] n. 住宿 Accommodation in Taipei is much cheaper than in Tokyo. 在台北住宿遠比東京來得便宜。

alongside

[ə͵lɔŋ`saɪd] prep. 沿著⋯⋯旁邊（- alongside of...） adv. 靠邊地（- along） The police car slowed down and pulled up alongside the curb. - The police car slowed down and pulled up alongside of the curb. 這輛警車放慢速度，並緊靠路邊停了下來。 ＊curb [kɝb] n. 路邊 A black limousine drew up alongside, and a man wearing a black suit and a pair of sunglasses stepped out. 一台黑色禮車靠邊停下，一名身穿黑色西裝、帶著太陽眼鏡的男子走下車來。

originality

[ə͵rɪdʒə`nælətɪ] n. 創意（不可數） John's work does not show much originality. 約翰的作品沒有什麼原創性。

assassination

[ə͵sæsə`neʃən] n. 暗殺 The assassination of the president led to a bloody power struggle in that country. 該國總統被暗殺，引起了國內一場血腥的權力鬥爭。

ebb

[ɛb] vi. 退潮，衰落 n. 退潮，衰退 片語 the ebb tide 退潮（- the ebb） be at a low ebb 衰退 We searched for shells on the beach after the tide had ebbed. 退潮後我們在海灘上找貝殼。 The old man's strength ebbed as his illness got worse. 這名老人病情惡化後體力也跟著衰退。 Staff morale was at a low ebb right after the general manager resigned. 總經理辭職後，員工士氣立刻陷入低潮。 ＊morale [mə`ræl] n. 士氣

equate

[ɪ`kwet] vt. 使相等（與介詞 with 並用） 片語 equate A with B 將 A 與 B 視為相等 It's a human tendency to equate wealth and fame with success in life. 將財富和名望和人生的成功畫上等號是人之常情。 ＊tendency [`tɛndənsɪ] n. 傾向

equation

[ɪ`kweʃən] n. 方程式 We're going to learn some basic equations in today's math class. 今天上數學課時我們將會學習一些基本方程式。

equivalent

[ɪ`kwɪvələnt] a. 相等的 n. 相等物 片語 be equivalent to... 相當於⋯⋯ - be equal to... One kilogram is equivalent to a thousand grams. 1 公斤等於 1,000 公克。 There is no Chinese equivalent of this English word. 中文裡並沒有和這個英文字相對應的詞。

ecology

[ɪ`kɑlədʒɪ] n. 生態環境 Plans to build a nuclear plant could endanger the delicate ecology of this area. 核電廠的興建計畫可能會危害該區脆弱的生態環境。 ＊delicate [`dɛləkət] a. 脆弱的

elite

[ɪ`lit] n. 菁英份子（集合名詞，不可數） a. 菁英的 片語 the social elite 社會菁英份子 The social elite are willing to join us in raising funds for orphans. 社會菁英份子願意加入我們為孤兒籌募基金。 A small elite group of people can afford to travel by private jet whenever they please. 少數菁英族群何時想搭乘私人噴射機旅行，他們都負擔得起。

illuminate

[ɪ`lumə͵net] vt. 照亮 The street lamps illuminated the road as we walked home. 街燈照亮了我們回家的路。

illuminating

[ɪ`lumə͵netɪŋ] a. 啟發性的 The documentary about global warming is very illuminating. 這部有關地球暖化的紀錄片極具啟發性。 ＊documentary [͵dɑkjə`mɛntərɪ] n. 紀錄片

illusion

[ɪ`luʒən] n. 錯覺，幻覺 片語 be under the illusion + that 子句 誤以為⋯⋯ has/have no illusions about sth 很清楚某事 Fred was under the illusion that he could finish his work on time. 佛萊德誤以為他會準時完工。 We had no illusions about winning any designing awards in the first place. 我們打從一開始很清楚我們無法獲得任何關於設計的獎項。 ＊in the first place 打從一開始 延伸 mirage [mə`rɑʒ] n. 海市蜃樓

electron

[ɪ`lɛktrɑn] n. 電子 Electrons are parts outside the nucleus of an atom. 電子是在原子核外部分的物質。 用法 an electron microscope 電子顯微鏡 atom [`ætəm] n. 原子④ proton [`protɑn] n. 質子 neutron [`njutrɑn] n. 中子

illiterate

[ɪ`lɪtərɪt] a. 文盲的 n. 不識字的人 A large percentage of the rural population in this country is computer illiterate. 該國很大百分比的鄉村人口是電腦文盲。 用法 此形容詞也可置於名詞或副詞之後，形成後位修飾，如： computer illiterate（電腦文盲的）、technologically illiterate（科技文盲的）。

immune

[ɪ`mjun] a. 免疫的（通常與介詞 to 並用） 片語 be immune to... 對⋯⋯免疫 the immune system 免疫系統 After you receive this vaccine, you will be immune to the contagious disease. 你打過這劑疫苗後就會對這個傳染病免疫。 ＊vaccine [`væksin] n. 疫苗 ＊contagious [kən`tedʒəs] a. 有傳染力的

immunity

[ɪ`mjunətɪ] n. 免疫力 The disease has affected the patient's immune system, so her immunity is now very low. 這個疾病影響了病患的免疫系統，因此她目前的免疫力很差。

initiative

[ɪ`nɪʃətɪv/ɪ`nɪʃɪ͵etɪv] n. 進取心（不可數），主動（權） 片語 show/lack initiative 展現／缺少進取心 take the initiative in + V-ing 採取主動態度做⋯⋯ Part of Mike's problem is that he lacks initiative. 麥克一部分的問題出在他缺乏進取心。 The US took the initiative in repairing relations with Canada. 美國主動與加拿大修復關係。

initiate

[ɪ`nɪʃɪ͵et] vt. 開始，傳授基本知識，接納新成員 片語 initiate sb into + N/V-ing 使某人初步了解某事；使某人加入某組織 Management decided to initiate a new marketing strategy. 管理階層決定展開一套新的行銷策略。 My father initiated me into the art of diplomacy. 父親帶領我初步認識了外交上的藝術。 Carl was initiated into a fraternity right after entering college. 卡爾進大學後馬上就加入了一個兄弟會。 ＊fraternity [frə`tɝnətɪ] n. 兄弟會

irrelevant

[ɪ`rɛləvənt] a. 無關的（與介詞 to 並用） 片語 be irrelevant to... 和⋯⋯無關 Many people in that country view politics as irrelevant to their own lives. 那個國家許多人認為政治和他們自己的生活毫不相關。

erupt

[ɪ`rʌpt] vi. 爆發，突然笑 片語 erupt into laughter 突然笑出來 After the protest, the police feared that a riot would erupt anytime. - After the protest, the police feared that a riot would break out anytime. 抗議之後，警方擔心暴動隨時會一觸即發。 ＊protest [`protɛst] n. 抗議 ＊riot [`raɪət] n. 暴動 After a pause, the entire room erupted into laughter and clapping. 停頓了一下後，整個房間的人突然大笑並且鼓掌叫好。

eruption

[ɪ`rʌpʃən] n. （火山、戰爭）爆發 片語 a volcanic eruption 火山爆發 The sudden volcanic eruption buried thousands of people alive. 火山突如其來地爆發活埋了好幾千名民眾。

evacuate

[ɪ`vækjʊ͵et] vt. 撤離 片語 evacuate sb from... 將某人從⋯⋯撤離 evacuate sb to... 將某人撤離至⋯⋯ A large number of people were evacuated from the village following the outbreak of the disease. 這個疾病爆發時，很多人從那座村莊被撤離。 The residents were evacuated to safe areas before the volcano erupted. 火山爆發前，居民已經被撤離到安全地帶。

evolve

[ɪ`vɑlv] vi. 進化，發展為 片語 evolve from... 由⋯⋯進化而來 evolve into... 逐漸發展成為⋯⋯ The artist's idea for the masterpiece evolved from a casual conversation with a neighbor. 這名藝術家對這部傑作的構想是從他和鄰居的一段隨興對話演變來的。 ＊masterpiece [`mæstɚ͵pis] n. 傑作 Through months of teamwork, our idea finally evolved into a feasible plan. 藉由數個月的團隊合作，我們的想法終於化為可行的計劃。 ＊feasible [`fizəbḷ] a. 可行的

exotic

[ɪg`zɑtɪk] a. 異國風味的 Frank was attracted to the exotic scenery of the tropical island. 法蘭克被那座熱帶島嶼的異國風景所吸引。

exempt

[ɪg`zɛmpt] a. 被豁免的 vt. 使豁免 片語 be exempt from... 豁免於⋯⋯ exempt A from B 使 A 豁免於 B Franklin is exempt from military service because he has dual citizenship. 法蘭克林不用服兵役，因為他有雙重國籍。 Frank's bad eyesight exempted him from military service. 法蘭克不佳的視力使他不用服兵役。 ＊eyesight [`aɪ͵saɪt] n. 視力

exert

[ɪg`zɝt] vt. 施加（職權、影響、壓力），盡力 片語 exert sth on... 施加某物在⋯⋯ exert oneself 盡力、不遺餘力去做 The manager exerted pressure on the employees to get things done more quickly. 經理向員工施加壓力，要他們快點把事情做完。 You'll have to exert yourself if you want to get good grades. 你如果想得到好成績，就必須盡力才行。

exclusive

[ɪk`sklusɪv] a. 不包括的，（新聞、商品）獨家的，專用的 片語 exclusive of... 不包括⋯⋯ - excluding... exclusive access/rights 獨家使用權 an exclusive report/interview/coverage 獨家報導／訪談／新聞報導 be exclusive to... 給⋯⋯專用 This price is for meals only, exclusive of accommodations. - This price is for meals only, excluding accommodations. - This price is for meals only, accommodations excluded. 本價格只包含三餐的費用，不包含住宿。 ＊accommodation [ə͵kɑmə`deʃən] n. 住宿 Our company has the exclusive rights to distribute that product. 我們公司有分銷那項產品的獨家代理權。 The special offer is exclusive to the readers of this magazine. 這項特別優惠只由本雜誌讀者獨享。

exclusively

[ɪk`sklusɪvlɪ] adv. 獨家地 The company is ruled exclusively by the president's family. 該公司由董事長的家族單獨管理。

expire

[ɪk`spaɪr] vi. 期滿，過期 My passport is going to expire in another two weeks. 我的護照再兩個禮拜就過期了。

exploit

[ɪk`splɔɪt] vt. 剝削，開採 片語 exploit the oil under the sea 在海底開採石油 This factory owner exploited his workers by making them do a lot of unpaid overtime. 這位工廠老闆剝削他的員工，要他們常常加班又不給加班費。 Due to the rising demand for oil, the country felt an urgent need to exploit its oil under the sea. 由於對石油的需求增加，該國家感到迫切需要開採它在海底的石油。

explicit

[ɪk`splɪsɪt] a. 明確的 The police officer gave me very explicit directions on how to get to the train station. 警察告訴我前往火車站的明確方向。

expel

[ɪk`spɛl] vt. 驅離，開除 片語 expel sb from school 將某人從學校開除 Mike was expelled from school for bullying and blackmailing his classmates. 麥可因為欺凌與勒索同學而被學校開除。

extract

[ɪk`strækt]/[`ɛkstrækt] vt. 提煉，摘錄，獲取（情報、錢） n. 萃取物 片語 extract A from B 從 B 提煉／摘錄 A Our olive oil is extracted from fine olives and processed in our own factory. 我們的橄欖油由從精選橄欖中提煉，並在我們自己的工廠內加工。 The following paragraph was extracted from the writer's latest book. 下面這段話摘錄自作者最新的書。 The FBI tortured the criminal in order to extract information about the whereabouts of his accomplices. 警方對這名嫌犯進行刑求以得知其他共犯的下落。 ＊torture [`tɔrtʃɚ] vt. 拷問，折磨 ＊accomplice [ə`kɑmplɪs] n. 共犯 This facial cream is made from natural plant extracts and is suitable for sensitive skins. 這種面霜是由天然植物萃取物做的，適合敏感性肌膚。

extravagance

[ɪk`strævəgəns] n. 奢侈 In those days, going to a movie theater to watch movies seemed like a needless extravagance. 在那個年代，去電影院看電影似乎是種不必要的奢侈。

extravagant

[ɪk`strævəgənt] a. 浪費的 It was very extravagant of you to buy such a showy sports car. 你買這麼豪華的跑車，真是奢侈。 ＊showy [`ʃoɪ] a. 過分引人注目的

extinguish

[ɪk`stɪŋgwɪʃ] vt. 撲滅（火） It took the firemen 3 days to extinguish the forest fire. 消防人員花了 3 天才把森林大火撲滅。 延伸 put out a fire 滅火 - extinguish a fire The firemen were able to put out the fire in time, so only a small part of the house was damaged. 消防隊員及時滅了火，因此房子只有一小部分受損。

extinguisher

[ɪk`stɪŋgwɪʃɚ] n. 滅火器 Everyone should have a fire extinguisher at home as a safety precaution. 每個人家裡都應該要有滅火器以策安全。 ＊precaution [prɪ`kɔʃən] n. 預防措施

eccentric

[ɪk`sɛntrɪk] a. 古怪的 Nelson's eccentric behavior makes him unpopular with his colleagues. 尼爾森怪異的行徑使讓他在同事之間不受歡迎。

embark

[ɪm`bɑrk] vi. 登船（與介詞 at 並用） Passengers can embark at any of our five ports along the Gulf of Mexico. 乘客可以在我們墨西哥灣沿岸 5 個港口中任何一個港口上船。 Jessica embarked on her acting career after she graduated from college. 潔西卡大學畢業後展開了她的演藝生涯。 用法 本字與介詞 on 或 upon 並用時，形成片語 "embark on/upon sth"，表示『開始某件新的或重要的事』。

emphatic

[ɪm`fætɪk] a. 強調的 片語 be emphatic about sth 強調某事 be emphatic + that 子句 強調⋯⋯ an emphatic victory/defeat 大勝／慘敗 Tina is emphatic about the importance of meeting deadlines. 蒂娜很強調在最後期限前完工的重要性。 Ted is emphatic that we should go on with our plan. 泰德強調我們應該繼續進行計劃。 Did you watch the football game last night? Our team had an emphatic victory! 你看昨晚的足球賽了嗎？我隊大獲全勝呢！

implicit

[ɪm`plɪsɪt] a. 暗指的 The politician's remarks contained an implicit criticism of the government. 這名政客的話裡暗藏對政府的批評。

imprison

[ɪm`prɪzṇ] vt. 監禁（- put sb in prison） The man will be imprisoned for at least 10 years for theft. 這名男子因為偷竊罪至少得坐牢 10 年。 ＊theft [θɛft] n. 偷竊罪

imprisonment

[ɪm`prɪzṇmənt] n. 監禁 片語 life imprisonment 終身監禁 John was sentenced to life imprisonment for committing a series of murders. 約翰因為犯下好幾起謀殺案而被判終身監禁。 ＊commit [kə`mɪt] vt. 犯下（罪）

importer

[ɪm`pɔrtɚ] n. 進口商 The United States is the world's largest oil importer, followed by Japan. 美國是全世界最大的石油進口國，緊跟在後的則是日本。

impair

[ɪm`pɛr] vt. 損壞（能力） His time in prison impaired John's chances of finding a decent job. 服刑的紀錄使約翰想找個像樣工作的機會都沒有。 ＊decent [`disṇt] a. 體面的

imperative

[ɪm`pɛrətɪv] a. 必須的，緊要的 It is imperative that the movie star's itinerary be kept confidential as he does not want to be spotted by paparazzi. 這名影星的行程一定要保密，因為他不希望被狗仔隊看到。 ＊itinerary [aɪ`tɪnə͵rɛrɪ] n. 行程 ＊confidential [͵kɑnfə`dɛnʃəl] a. 機密的 ＊paparazzi [͵pɑpə`rɑtsɪ] n. 狗仔隊（視作複數） It is imperative for us to conduct a market survey to understand consumer needs before designing a new product. 在研發新商品之前，我們一定要先做市場調查以了解顧客的需求。 用法 凡表『必要的』形容詞（如 imperative、 necessary、important、essential、 urgent），在下列句構中出現時，that 子句恆用助動詞 should，而 should 往往予以省略。 It is imperative/necessary...that + S + (should) + V ⋯⋯是有必要的 It is necessary that the project (should) be finished today. 這個計畫必須在今天完成。

endurance

[ɪn`djʊrəns] n. 忍耐，持久力，耐力（皆不可數） John showed remarkable endurance throughout his chemotherapy. 化療期間約翰展現出無窮的忍耐力。 ＊chemotherapy [͵kimo`θɛrəpɪ ͵kɛmo`θɛrəpɪ] n. 化學療法 Jogging can help train one's willpower and endurance. 慢跑可以訓練一個人的毅力與耐力。 ＊willpower [`wɪl͵paʊɚ] a. 毅力

endorse

[ɪn`dɔrs] vt. 為（票據）背書，為（產品）代言，贊同 片語 endorse a check 在支票上背書 Would you endorse the check, please? 請你為本支票背書，好嗎？ This brand has been selling like hot cakes since the basketball player began endorsing it. 自從這位籃球選手開始代言它的產品之後，該品牌一直熱銷至今。 The President is likely to endorse a ban on smoking in public places. 該總統有可能贊同公共場所禁菸的禁令。

indignant

[ɪn`dɪgnənt] a. 憤慨的 片語 be indignant about/at... 對⋯⋯感到憤怒 - be angry about/at... Mary was indignant about the discrimination she suffered in the office and decided to make a complaint to her boss. 瑪麗對於在辦公室所受的歧視大感憤慨，決定向老闆投訴。

industrious

[ɪn`dʌstrɪəs] a. 勤奮的 Industrious and skilled workers are precious assets to our company. 勤奮且技術熟練的員工是我們公司珍貴的資產。 ＊asset [`æsɛt] n. 資產 比較 industrial [ɪn`dʌstrɪəl] a. 工業的

ingenious

[ɪn`dʒinjəs] a. （人）聰敏的，（物）巧妙的 All the judges were impressed by the hard work of the ingenious young man. 對於這個聰明的年輕人在所做的努力，所有評審都感到印象深刻。 Marvin has devised an ingenious solution to conserve energy. 梅爾文想出一個節省能源的巧妙辦法。

inject

[ɪn`dʒɛkt] vt. 注射（藥物），投注（心力、資金） 片語 inject A into B 將 A 注射到 B／將 A 投注在 B The heroin addict was injecting the drug into his arm. 這名海洛英成癮者正在手臂上注射毒品。 The enterprise decided to inject more funds to save the market. 該企業決定投注更多資金挽救市場。

injection

[ɪn`dʒɛkʃən] n. 注射，打針 片語 give/take an injection 打針／接受注射 The young doctor gave that child who had a fever an injection. 這名年輕醫師幫那個在發燒的小孩打針。

injustice

[ɪn`dʒʌstɪs] n. 不公平 片語 do sb an injustice 待某人不公道，錯誤判斷某人 Mary complained that we had done her an injustice by firing her. 瑪麗抱怨說我們把她開除是對她不公。

inflict

[ɪn`flɪkt] vt. 施加（傷害、打擊） 片語 inflict sth on... 將（不好的）某事加諸於⋯⋯ The typhoon inflicted severe damage on the coastal villages. 颱風對於沿海的村莊造成極大的損害。

thermometer

[θɚ`mɑmətɚ] n. 溫度計 According to the thermometer on the wall, the temperature is now 36 degrees Celsius. 根據牆上的溫度計顯示，目前氣溫為攝氏 36 度。

infer

[ɪn`fɝ] vt. 推論 片語 infer A from B 從 B 推論出 A infer that... 推論出⋯⋯ The manager inferred from the applicant's attitude that she was not suitable for this job. 經理從這名應徵者的態度推論，她並不適合這個工作。 From the evidence we've found, we can infer that the victim has a close relationship with the killer. 我們可以從這些證據中推論，受害者與殺害者之間有親密的關係。 比較 refer [rɪ`fɝ] vi. 提及；（參考 與介詞 to 並用）④ refer to... 提及／參考⋯⋯ John didn't like anyone referring to his family background. 約翰不喜歡任何人提及他的家庭背景。 transfer [træns`fɝ] vt. & vi. 調動 & [`trænfɝ] n. 調動 ④ Henry was transferred from the warehouse to the sales department. 亨利由倉庫調至業務部。 confer [kən`fɚ] vi. 協調 & vt. 授與（學位、文憑）⑥ confer with sb 與某人協商 confer a degree/diploma on sb 授與某人學位／文憑 The president often confers with his advisers on important issues. 總統常與他的顧問群商議重大議題。 The president of Yale University conferred an honorary doctorate on Peter last Friday. 上星期五耶魯大學校長頒授彼得榮譽博士學位。

inhabitant

[ɪn`hæbətənt] n. 居民 片語 a city of two million inhabitants 一座有 2 百萬居民的城市 Almost one third of the inhabitants of this town are Chinese Americans. 這個小鎮幾乎有 3 分之 1 的居民是華裔美人。

inhabit

[ɪn`hæbɪt] vt. 居住於，棲息於 That area is inhabited mostly by highly educated people. 那個地區居住的大多是高級知識分子。 Many rare birds and animals inhabit that rain forest. 那片雨林棲息了許多稀有的鳥類和動物。 用法 inhabit 為及物動詞，其後直接加地方名詞作受詞；而 live, dwell, reside 則為不及物動詞，其後要加介詞。 live dwell reside + in（大地方）∕ at（小地方）

enhance

[ɪn`hæns] vt. 增強 The teacher tried many ways to enhance his students' enthusiasm for studying. 老師嘗試過許多方法試圖提高學生學習的熱忱。

enhancement

[ɪn`hænsmənt] n. 增強，提昇 To survive in business, constant enhancement of your products is a must. 想要在商場生存，就有必要不斷強化自己的產品。

inherent

[ɪn`hɪrənt] a. 內在的，固有的，與生俱來的 片語 be inherent in... 源自於⋯⋯ It is inevitable that there are inherent risks in every operation. 任何手術本身就有風險，這是不可避免的。 The fear of death is inherent in your love of your life. 死亡的恐懼源於對生命的熱愛。

incline

[ɪn`klaɪn] vi. （使）傾向 Melvin is inclined to lie, which is why I don't trust him. 梅爾文容易說謊，這也就是我不信任他的原因。 用法 本字多採用過去分詞 inclined，作形容詞用，表『有傾向的』，用於下列片語中： be inclined to V 傾向⋯⋯，易於⋯⋯ - be apt to V - be prone to V - tend to V

enclosure

[ɪn`kloʒɚ] n. 圍起來的一塊地（可數） No one is allowed to enter the wildlife enclosure without permission. 未經許可，任何人都不得進入這塊野生動物保護區。 ＊permission [pɚ`mɪʃən] n. 許可

inclusive

[ɪn`klusɪv] a. 包含的 Five passengers were injured in the accident, inclusive of a pregnant woman. - Five passengers were injured in the accident, including a pregnant woman. - Five passengers were injured in the accident, a pregnant woman included. 5 名乘客在意外中受傷，包括 1 名孕婦在內。 用法 本字一定與介詞 of 並用，形成下列固定片語： inclusive of... 包含⋯⋯（- including...）

incredible

[ɪn`krɛdəbḷ] a. 難以置信的 It's incredible that Victor speaks English so flently without an accent. 維克多英文講得這麼流利又沒口音，真令人難以置信。

inquire

[ɪn`kwaɪr] vt. vi. 詢問 片語 inquire about... 詢問⋯⋯ inquire + 疑問詞（when, what, how, where等）引導的名詞子句 inquire into... 調查⋯⋯ - look into... inquire after sb 問候某人（健康狀況） I inquired why she didn't tell me the truth in the first place. 我問她為何不一開始就說實話。 I'm calling to inquire about the job openings you advertised in the newspaper. 我打電話來是想詢問貴公司刊在報上的徵人廣告。 The police are inquiring into the financial dealings between the two firms. 警方正深入調查兩家公司彼此的財務往來。 Rachel inquired after her grandmother's health. 瑞秋問候她祖母的健康狀況。 "What are we going to eat for dinner?" Frank inquired. 『我們晚餐吃什麼？』法蘭克問道。

inquiry

[ɪn`kwaɪrɪ] n. 詢問（與介詞 about 並用），調查（與介詞 into 並用） 片語 make an inquiry about... 詢問有關⋯⋯ launch/set up/hold an inquiry into... 對⋯⋯展開調查 A family friend just rang up and made an inquiry about my father's health. - A family friend just rang up and made a query about my father's health. 一位家族朋友剛剛來電，詢問家父健康。 ＊query [`kwɪrɪ] n. 詢問 The authorities concerned agreed to hold an inquiry into the plane crash. - The authorities concerned agreed to hold an investigation into the plane crash. 有關當局同意對這起墜機事件展開調查。

inquisitive

[ɪn`kwɪzətɪv] a. 愛打聽的，好奇心重的（與介詞 about 並用） I hate to be inquisitive, but you'd better tell me what happened last night. 我不想被當成包打聽，不過你還是最好告訴我昨天發生了什麼事。 Karen knows lots of interesting facts because she's a very inquisitive person. 凱倫知道很多有趣的事，因為她是個好奇心很重的人。

incompetence

[ɪn`kɑmpətəns] n. 無能（不可數） The incompetence and corruption of the king finally led to the fall of the empire. 國王的無能與貪污最後導致帝國的滅亡。 ＊corruption [kə`rʌpʃən] n. 貪污 ＊empire [`ɛmpaɪr] n. 帝國

incompetent

[ɪn`kɑmpətənt] a. 不能勝任的，無能力的 Apparently, the incompetent manager couldn't handle the crisis. 這名無能的經理似乎無法應付這個危機。 ＊apparently [ə`pærəntlɪ] adv. 似乎 ＊crisis [`kraɪsɪs] n. 危機

evacuation

[ɪ͵vækjʊ`eʃən] n. 撤離，避難 The chemical spill prompted an emergency evacuation of the local residents. 這次化學物質外洩促使地方居民緊急的撤離。 ＊spill [spɪl] n. 外洩 ＊prompt [prɑmpt] vt. 促使

enlighten

[ɪn`laɪtṇ] vt. 啟發，教導，說明 片語 enlighten sb on sth 啟發某人某事；為某人說明某事 Mr. Brown's lecture enlightened us on the importance of environmental protection. 伯朗先生的一席講話啟發了我們環保的重要性。 I don't understand your plan. Can you enlighten me on it further? 我不懂你的計畫。你可以就該計畫進一步為我說明嗎？ I asked Fiona where she was last night, but she was reluctant to enlighten me on that. 我問費歐娜她昨晚上哪兒去了，但她不太願意告訴我。

enlightenment

[ɪn`laɪtṇmənt] n. 啟蒙，啟示 The news coverage provided little enlightenment about the real cause of the murder. 這則新聞報導對謀殺案的真正肇因沒提供什麼啟示。

enrich

[ɪn`rɪtʃ] vt. 使富庶，使豐富 Reading can greatly enrich your life. 閱讀可以大大豐富你的生命。

insane

[ɪn`sen] a. 瘋狂的 It would be insane to go fishing when a strong typhoon is approaching. 在強颱來臨前跑去釣魚是瘋狂的行為。

installment

[ɪn`stɔlmənt] n. （分期付款每期應付的）款項，（分期連載）回 片語 by (monthly) installments 用（每月）分期付款的方式 Because of the high prices of the goods in our store, customers are allowed to pay by monthly installments. 由於我們店裡東西的價格很高，客戶可以用按月分期付款的方式來付費。 Readers are all looking forward to the second installment of that mystery series. 讀者都引頸企盼這部神秘連載小說的第 2 回。

incentive

[ɪn`sɛntɪv] n. 動機，動力 片語 an incentive for sb to V 某人做某事的動力 A full scholarship provides a strong incentive for students to do well in school. 全額獎學金是促使學生努力讀書的強大動力。

insistence

[ɪn`sɪstəns] n. 堅持 片語 at sb's insistence 某人堅持下 insistence on sth 對某事的堅持 At his wife's insistence, Frank started to go to the gym on a regular basis. 在老婆的堅持之下，法蘭克開始定時上健身房。 David's insistence on doing everything his way made it impossible to work with him. 大衛堅持凡事照他的方法做，讓人覺得沒辦法跟他一起工作。

intrude

[ɪn`trud] vt. 入侵 vi. 打擾（與介詞 on 並用） 片語 intrude on... 打擾／侵犯⋯⋯ - encroach on... - infringe on... Some strangers intruded my house while I was away for work. 我外出上班時有幾個陌生人闖入我屋內。 Local newspapers are being urged not to intrude on celebrities' private lives. 地方報紙被強烈要求不要去打擾名人的私生活。

intruder

[ɪn`trudɚ] n. 入侵者 The intruders in my house were arrested soon after the police came. 警方到達之後立刻把我屋內的入侵者逮捕了。

intact

[ɪn`tækt] a. 完整的，完好無缺的 片語 remain intact 完好如初 After the terrible earthquake, the historic building still remained intact. 可怕的大地震過後，該歷史建築物依舊完好如初。 The celebrity emerged from the scandal with his reputation intact. 這位名人從這次的醜聞全身而退，名譽未受影響。 ＊emerge [ɪ`mɝdʒ] vi. 顯現 ＊scandal [`skændḷ] n. 醜聞

integrity

[ɪn`tɛgrətɪ] n. 正直 片語 a man of integrity 正直的人 Jerome has always been regarded as a man of integrity. 傑若米向來被大家視為正人君子。

intimidate

[ɪn`tɪmə͵det] vt. 威嚇，脅迫 片語 intimidate sb into + N/V-ing 脅迫某人做某事 The thug intimidated me into giving him all my money. 那個惡徒脅迫我把所有的錢給他。 ＊thug [θʌg] n. 惡徒，流氓

invalid

[ɪn`vælɪd]/[`ɪnvəlɪd] a. 無效的 n. 病弱的人，殘疾人 A check is invalid without a signature on it. 支票上面如果沒有簽名是無效的。 Don't treat me like an invalid! I'm capable of taking care of myself. 別把我當成殘疾人！我有能力可以照顧自己。

invariably

[ɪn`vɛrɪəblɪ] adv. 不變地 Obese people invariably run a higher risk of suffering heart disease. 肥胖的人得心臟病的風險總是比較高。 ＊obese [o`bis] a. 過於肥胖的

investigator

[ɪn`vɛstə͵getɚ] n. 調查者 Rosa hired a private investigator to find out whether her husband was cheating on her. 羅莎雇了一名私家偵探調查丈夫是否對她不忠。 延伸 a private investigator 私家偵探 - a private detective - a private eye

envisage

[ɪn`vɪzɪdʒ] vt. 想像 Envisaging what you want in life will help you set goals. 先預想你生命中想要什麼有助你設定目標。

enact

[ɪn`ækt] vt. 制定（法律） A few laws concerning the improvement of working conditions have been recently enacted. 最近有幾項關於改善工作環境的法案已經制定完成了。

enactment

[ɪn`æktmənt] n. （法律）制定 The enactment of the bill ran into trouble, mainly because of a continuous lack of consensus among Congress members. 該法案的制法過程碰上了麻煩，主因是國會議員一直缺乏共識。 ＊consensus [kən`sɛnsəs] n. 意見一致，共識

inevitably

[ɪn`ɛvətəblɪ] adv. 不可避免地 The debate on abortion inevitably led to an uproar. 這場有關墮胎的辯論最後不可避免地成了一團混亂。 ＊abortion [ə`bɔrʃən] n. 墮胎

inevitable

[ɪn`ɛvətəbḷ] a. 不可避免的，必然的 片語 an inevitable consequence/result 不可避免的結果 The accident was seen as an inevitable result of parental negligence. 該起意外被視為是由於父母親疏失所造成的無可避免結果。（＊negligence [`nɛglɪdʒəns] n. 疏忽） It is inevitable that natural resources will be used up one day. 自然資源有天會被使用殆盡是不可避免的。 That lazy guy's failure is inevitable. 那個懶惰蟲的失敗是必然的。 用法 It is inevitable + that 子句（⋯⋯是不可避免的）

encyclopedia

[ɪn͵saɪklə`pidɪə] n. 百科全書 You can refer to the encyclopedia for more information. 你可以參考百科全書以得到更多資訊。 延伸 a walking encyclopedia 會走路的百科全書（比喻某人某方面知識非常豐富） a walking dictionary 活字典，單字懂得很多的人 Ask Tim if you have any questions about vegetables. He's a walking encyclopedia. 如果你有任何跟蔬菜相關的問題，問提姆就對了。他是個百科通。

shed

[ʃɛd] vt. （樹葉、蛇皮等）脫落，流下 片語 shed tears/blood 流淚／流血 shed light on sth 闡明某事 How often does a snake shed its skin? 蛇多久脫一次皮？ Mary shed tears emotionally as she watched the sad movie. 看這部令人難過的電影時，瑪麗感動得落淚。 A recent study has shed light on the causes of climate change. 最近的一項研究闡明了氣後變遷的成因。

sheer

[ʃɪr] a. 完全的，純然的 片語 sheer luck/nonsense 全然的運氣／廢話 Michael's suggestion is sheer nonsense. 邁可的建議全是廢話。 It's a sheer waste of energy trying to communicate with Tommy. 和湯米溝通完全是白費力氣。

shun

[ʃʌn] vt. 躲開，避開 Vincent was shunned by his friends after he was released from jail. 文森出獄後，朋友們都避開不想見他。

undo

[ʌn`du] vt. 解開，消除 I undid the bag and took out the books. 我打開包包，取出書本。 The company is trying to undo some of the damage caused by the scandal. 公司正試圖減低該醜聞所帶來的傷害。 諺語 What is done cannot be undone. （已經做過的沒法解除——喻追悔過去犯下的錯誤於事無補。）

unfold

[ʌn`fold] vt. 攤開 I watched Tiffany's expression as she tore open the envelope and unfolded the letter. 蒂芬妮撕開信封並攤開信時，我看著她臉上的表情。

uncover

[ʌn`kʌvɚ] vt. 揭露（秘密） Police have uncovered a plot to assassinate the president during his visit to Indonesia. 警方揭露了一項要在總統訪問印尼期間刺殺他的陰謀。 ＊plot [plɑt] n. 陰謀 ＊assassinate [ə`sæsə͵net] vt. 刺殺 比較 discover [dɪs`kʌvɚ] vt. 發現 ① I discovered a nice restaurant near here. 我發現附近有一家很棒的餐廳。

unlock

[ʌn`lɑk] vt. 開鎖，揭開 片語 unlock the secrets/mysteries of sth 揭開某事的秘密 Mary unlocked the jewelry box with a key. 瑪莉用鑰匙打開珠寶箱。 After I left for work this morning, I began worrying if I had left the door unlocked. 今天早上出門上班之後，我開始擔心我是否沒有鎖門。 The experiment was conducted to unlock the secrets of the aging process. 進行這項實驗是為了揭開老化過程的秘密。

unprecedented

[ʌn`prɛsə͵dɛntɪd] a. 史無前例的 The mayor was elected for an unprecedented fourth term. 這位市長史無前例地於第 4 屆連任選舉中獲勝。

unpack

[ʌn`pæk] vt. vi. 打開（行李、包裹） I have been so busy that I haven't had time to unpack since returning from my trip. 我忙到旅行回來的東西都沒有時間打開整理。

unrest

[ʌn`rɛst] n. 不平靜，動盪不安 The shortage in food led to unrest in the town. 糧食的短缺引發了鎮上的不安。

uncertainty

[ʌn`sɝtṇtɪ] n. 不確定性（不可數），不確定的事（常用複數） 片語 uncertainty about/as to... 有關⋯⋯的不確定性 The new policy created considerable uncertainty among company employees. 新政策使公司員工充滿不確定感。 The uncertainties of war between the two countries made international investors falter. 兩國間可能開戰的不確定情況令國際投資客卻步。 ＊falter [`fɔltɚ] vi. 動搖，猶豫

upgrade

[ʌp`gred]/[`ʌpgred] vt. 升級 n. 升級 We need to upgrade our office equipment to improve efficiency. 我們的辦公室設備需要升級以提昇效率。 The engineer has made some upgrades to the computer. 工程師已經幫這台電腦做了一些升級。

uphold

[ʌp`hold] vt. 維護，維持（判決） 片語 uphold human rights/the law 維護人權／法律 uphold a conviction 維持原判 A law was recently passed to uphold freedom of speech. 最近通過了一條維護言論自由的新法。 The Supreme Court ruled that the former governor's conviction of corruption be upheld. 最高法院決議維持對該位前任州長的定罪。

whatsoever

[͵(h)wɑtso`ɛvɚ] adv. 不管什麼（語氣比 whatever 強） I have no money whatsoever to lend you. 我沒有一點錢可以借你。 延伸 本字通常與 no 並用。 no + N + whatsoever 一點點⋯⋯都沒有

outright

[͵aʊt`raɪt] a. 完全的，直接的 adv. 完全地，直接地 No political party is expected to gain the outright majority in this election. 這次選舉中沒有政黨被預期會獲得完全多數。 If Ben asked me outright, I'd tell him the truth. 要是阿班直接來問我，我就會告訴他實情。

biochemistry

[͵baɪo`kɛmɪstrɪ] n. 生物化學 For more information on biochemistry-related careers, please log onto our website. 欲得知更多關於生化領域相關職業的資訊，請登入我們的網站查詢。

biological

[͵baɪə`lɑdʒɪkḷ] a. 生物的，生物學的 Mary is an adopted child and is eager to know who her biological parents are. 瑪麗是被收養的小孩，她渴望知道誰是她的親生父母。 Mr. Todd is carrying out a biological experiment in room 806. 陶德先生正在 806 室做生物實驗。 延伸 biological parents/father/mother 親生父母／父親／母親

diabetes

[͵daɪə`bitiz] n. 糖尿病 Susan has had to take regular insulin injections since she was diagnosed with diabetes three months ago. 自從 3 個月前被診斷出糖尿病之後，蘇珊必須定期注射胰島素。 ＊insulin [`ɪnsəlɪn] n. 胰島素

diagnosis

[͵daɪəg`nosɪs] 複數形: diagnoses [͵daɪəg`nosiz] n. 診斷 Our goal is to make an accurate diagnosis as early as possible. 我們的目標是要儘早做出準確的診斷。

diagnose

[͵daɪəg`noz] vt. 診斷 片語 diagnose sth as + 疾病 將某物診斷為某種疾病 diagnose sb as/with + 疾病 診斷某人罹患某病 Ellen's condition was diagnosed as Alzheimer's disease. 艾倫的病情經診斷之後判定為阿茲海默症。 The doctor diagnosed the infant with jaundice. 醫生診斷這名新生兒罹患黃疸。 ＊jaundice [`dʒɔndɪs] n. 黃疸

dedication

[͵dɛdə`keʃən] n. 奉獻（不可數）（與介詞 to 並用） Frank has always shown great dedication to his work and family. 法蘭克總是展現出對工作及家庭極大的奉獻。

differentiate

[͵dɪfə`rɛnʃɪ͵et] vt. vi. 區別 片語 differentiate A from B 區別 A 與 B 的不同 - differentiate between A and B - tell A from B - tell between A and B I can't differentiate the genuine bag from the fake one because they look so much alike. 我分不清真的名牌包跟仿冒品，因為它們看起來太像了。 ＊genuine [`dʒɛnʊɪn] a. 真的，真貨的 A good journalist can differentiate between facts and opinions. 好的記者要能分辨事實與意見的不同。 ＊journalist [`dʒɝnəlɪst] n. 記者；新聞從業人員

diplomatic

[͵dɪplə`mætɪk] a. 外交的，說話圓滑的 片語 establish/break off diplomatic relations 建立／斷絕外交關係 Chad broke off diplomatic relations with Sudan last Friday. 查德上星期五和蘇丹斷絕外交關係。 The government official gave a diplomatic response to the reporter's questions. 這名政府官員給了個圓滑的答案回應記者的問題。

disregard

[͵dɪsrɪ`gɑrd] vt. 不顧，不理會 n. 不理會（不可數） 片語 show a total/complete disregard for... 對⋯⋯完全不理會 Please disregard the last letter, as I now have new information for you. 請不要理會前一封信，因為我現在要給你新的訊息。 The company shows a total disregard for customer satisfaction. 這家公司對於顧客滿意度完全不在意。

disability

[͵dɪsə`bɪlətɪ] n. 障礙 I was surprised to know that the accomplished scholar suffered from severe learning disability as a child. 得知那位傑出的學者小時候曾有嚴重的學習障礙時，我很吃驚。 ＊accomplished [ə`kɑmplɪʃt] a. 很有成就的

disapprove

[͵dɪsə`pruv] vt. 駁回 vi. 反對 片語 disapprove sth 駁回某事 disapprove of sth 反對某事 The teacher disapproved the students' plan for a party. 老師駁回學生們的舞會計劃。 My parents strongly disapprove of my going out with that girl. 我爸媽強烈反對我和那個女孩外出約會。 用法 disapprove 和 approve 做及物動詞接受詞時，分別表『駁回』和『批准』之意。若做不及物動詞，其後加 of 再接受詞時，則分別表『反對』和『同意』之意。

disapproval

[͵dɪsə`pruvḷ] n. 反對 片語 in/with disapproval 反對 show/express disapproval by + V-ing 用某行動表示反對 Luke expressed his strong disapproval of his classmate's remarks. 路克對他的同學的言論表示強烈反對。 Paul shook his head in disapproval. 保羅搖頭表示不贊成。 The teacher showed her disapproval by frowning. 老師皺眉表達反對之意。 ＊frown [fraʊn] vi. 皺眉

ABC

[͵ebi`si] n. （某一方面的）基礎知識 片語 the ABC's of sth 某事的基礎知識 as easy as ABC 非常簡單 - as easy as pie I took Professor Huang's class to learn the ABC's of Jazz. 我選了黃教授的課學習爵士樂的基礎知識。 After reading the manual, you'll find that operating this machine is as easy as ABC. 讀完操作手冊之後，你就會發現操作這台機器非常簡單。

alienation

[͵eljə`neʃən] n. 疏離（不可數） 片語 a sense of alienation 疏離感 Many immigrants feel a sense of alienation. 許多移民感到疏離感。

aviation

[͵evɪ`eʃən] n. 航空業，飛行 My friend has a career in aviation as a pilot for China Airlines. 我朋友任職航空業，擔任華航的飛行員。

photographic

[͵fotə`græfɪk] a. 攝影的 Peter began to take an interest in photography a few months ago, and since then he's spent a lot of money buying photographic equipment. 彼得在數月前開始對攝影產生興趣，從那時起他就花了不少錢購買攝影器材。 延伸 a photographic memory 過目不忘的記憶力 Emily has a photographic memory. She can recite an entire book after she finishes it. 愛蜜莉有過目不忘的本領。她一本書看完後可以整本背出來。

forthcoming

[͵fɔrθ`kʌmɪŋ] a. 即將到來的 The forthcoming presidential election in Ukraine has stirred great interest around the world. 烏克蘭即將來臨的總統選舉引起全世界強烈的關注。 ＊stir [stɝ] vt. 引起

hypertension

[͵haɪpɚ`tɛnʃən] n. 高血壓 Common symptoms of hypertension are dizziness and headache. 常見的高血壓症狀是頭暈目眩與頭疼。

hospitality

[͵hɑspɪ`tælətɪ] n. 好客 This is just a small present to thank you for your hospitality. 這只是一份小禮物，感謝你們的殷勤招待。

hypocritical

[͵hɪpə`krɪtɪkḷ] a. 虛偽的，言行不一的 It would be hypocritical of you to have a church wedding if you don't believe in God. 如果你不信神卻在教會結婚，這麼做會很虛偽。

hereafter

[͵hɪr`æftɚ] adv. 今後，此後 I'll excuse you this time, but hereafter be more careful. 這次我會原諒你，但下次請小心點。

capability

[͵kepə`bɪlətɪ] n. 能力，軍事武力 片語 have the capability to V 有能力從事⋯⋯ - have the ability to V - have the capability of + N/V-ing beyond/within one's capability 超越某人的能力／在某人能力範圍內 military/nuclear capability 軍事／核子武力 With his background in Latin, John has the capability to learn Italian quickly. - With his background in Latin, John has the capability of learning Italian quickly. 由於他有拉丁文的基礎，故約翰可以很快就學會義大利文。 I can understand German in daily conversations, but understanding technical discussions is beyond my capability. 我可以聽得懂德文的日常會話，但是若要聽懂專業的對話對我來說就太難了。 It is reported that North Korea is trying to develop its nuclear capability. 據報導北韓正在發展他們的核子武力。

coalition

[͵koə`lɪʃən] n. 聯合 片語 in coalition with sb 與某人聯合 The political party has been trying to work in coalition with other leftist parties. 該政黨一直以來都試著聯合其它的左派政黨。

coincide

[͵koɪn`saɪd] vi. 同時發生（與介詞 with 並用），巧合 片語 coincide with... 與⋯⋯同時發生／巧合 My business trip to New York coincided with Thanksgiving, so I indulged myself with a big turkey dinner there. 我去紐約出差剛好遇上感恩節，所以我在那兒縱情享用了一頓火雞大餐。 Peter's opinion about the proposal coincided with mine. 彼得對這個提議的看法與我不謀而合。

credibility

[͵krɛdə`bɪlətɪ] n. 可信度（不可數） Tom's poor judgment has already damaged his credibility as CEO of this company. 湯姆差勁的判斷力已對他身為公司執行長的可信度造成損害。

qualification

[͵kwɑləfə`keʃən] n. 資格，條件 Two years of teaching experience is a necessary qualification for this job. 兩年的教學經驗是應徵這份工作的必要條件。

questionnaire

[͵kwɛstʃən`ɛr] n. 問卷 片語 fill out/fill in/complete a questionnaire 填問卷 Please turn in your questionnaire as soon as you fill it out. 問卷填好後請馬上交上來。 延伸 poll [pol] n. 民意調查③ The poll suggests that most people oppose the new bill. 民調顯示，多數人反對這項新法案。 ＊ survery [`sɝve] n. 調查③ ＊ conduct a survey 進行調查 We're conducting a survey of people's attitudes towards cash cards. 我們正在進行一項有關民眾對現金卡態度的調查。

complication

[͵kɑmplə`keʃən] n. 複雜，困難，併發症（常用複數） 片語 add a further complication to sth 使某事更加困難 develop complications 產生併發症 The age difference added a further complication to their relationship. 年齡的差距使他們這段感情更加困難。 John developed complications after his heart transplant surgery. 約翰在心臟移植手術過後產生了併發症。

comprehensive

[͵kɑmprɪ`hɛnsɪv] a. 廣泛的，詳盡的，全面的 Our team is now conducting comprehensive research on the effects of global warming. 我們小組正在對全球暖化的影響做全面性的研究。 延伸 a comprehensive guide/study/survey 綜合指南／研究／調查 comprehensive insurance（保險）全險

compensation

[͵kɑmpən`seʃən] n. 補償（不可數） 片語 claim/demand/seek compensation for sth 要求補償某物 in compensation 作補償 - in damages The union is seeking compensation for the injured workers. 該工會正為受傷的工人尋求賠償。 The plaintiff was rewarded $10,000 in compensation. - The plaintiff was rewarded $10,000 in damages. 那位原告獲得一萬美元作為賠償。 ＊plaintiff [`plentɪf] n. 原告

confidential

[͵kɑnfə`dɛnʃəl] a. 保密的，機密的 片語 confidential information/documents 機密資訊／文件 keep sth confidential 保密某事 highly/strictly confidential 極機密的 Recycling confidential documents instead of shredding them may cause a leak in information. 若機密文件不用碎紙機銷毀而被拿去回收，可能會造成資訊外洩。 ＊shred [ʃrɛd] vt. 用碎紙機銷毀 All patients' medical records and personal information will be kept confidential. 所有患者的就醫紀錄與個人資料都將保密。 These files are strictly confidential. 這些是極機密檔案。

consultation

[͵kɑnsəl`teʃən] n. 諮詢（不可數） I chose my career path during a consultation with my parents and Professor Johnson. 我諮詢過爸媽以及強森教授的意見後才選定我的職業道路。

conservation

[͵kɑnsɚ`veʃən] n. 保護，節約（不可數） 片語 wildlife conservation 野生動物保育 Not only does energy conservation reduce your energy bills, but it also helps the environment. 能源節約不但能降低電費，也可拯救環境。

contradict

[͵kɑntrə`dɪkt] vt. 與⋯⋯相矛盾，反駁 片語 contradict oneself 自相矛盾 Since the two statements contradict each other, one must be a lie. 因為兩項陳述互相矛盾，其中一個必定是謊言。 John contradicted himself many times during our argument. 我們爭論時，約翰好幾次自相矛盾。

contradiction

[͵kɑntrə`dɪkʃən] n. 矛盾 片語 a contradiction between A and B A 和 B 之間的矛盾 Tim is a hypocrite. There are always contradictions between what he says and what he actually does. 提姆是個偽君子。他說的與他實際做的總是互相矛盾。 ＊hypocrite [`hɪpəkrɪt] n. 偽君子

controversial

[͵kɑntrə`vɝʃəl] a. 有爭議的 片語 be highly controversial 具高度爭議的 Religion and politics are highly controversial subjects and, if possible, shouldn't be talked about in public. 宗教和政治是具有高度爭議性的話題，如有可能就不要公開談論。

conscientious

[͵kɑnʃɪ`ɛnʃəs] a. 克盡職責的 Jane's supervisor considered her to be a conscientious worker because she always finished her work on time. 阿珍的主管認為她是個盡忠職守的員工，因為她總是能準時完成工作。

carbohydrate

[͵kɑrbə`haɪdret] n. 碳水化合物（可數或不可數均可） You can lose weight by reducing the amount of carbohydrates in your diet. 你可以藉減少飲食中碳水化合物的含量來減肥。

cosmopolitan

[͵kɑzmə`pɑlətṇ] a. 國際性的 n. 四海為家的人 片語 a cosmopolitan city 國際性的城市 a cosmopolitan outlook on life 四海為家的人生觀 New York is a cosmopolitan city with people from all over the world. 紐約是個國際性的城市，居民來自世界各地。 David travels a lot and has been to more than 100 cities around the world. He's a real cosmopolitan. 大衛常旅行，他去過世界各地超過 100 座的城市了。他真是個四海為家的人。

convict

[͵kən`vɪkt] vt. 使定罪 片語 convict sb of... 判某人有⋯⋯的罪 be convicted of... 被判有⋯⋯的罪 The man was convicted of theft and sentenced to two years in prison. 這名男子被判竊盜罪，處以兩年有期徒刑。

conviction

[͵kən`vɪkʃən] n. 定罪，信念 片語 It is one's conviction that... 某人堅持⋯⋯ - It's one's belief that... The court affirmed the man's conviction and sentenced him to life in prison. 法庭判定他的罪行，處以無期徒刑。 ＊affirm [ə`fɝm] vt. 證實 It is our firm conviction that the economy will get better after the election. 我們堅信大選後經濟很快就會好轉。

cultivation

[͵kʌltə`veʃən] n. 培育，耕種 片語 be under cultivation 用作耕地 The cultivation of good habits takes time and patience. 好習慣的養成需要時間和耐心。 Most of the farmer's land is currently under cultivation. 這名農夫大部分的土地最近都用來耕作。

liberation

[͵lɪbə`reʃən] n. 解放 When the enemy troops retreated and the siege was over, people took to the street in celebration of their liberation. 當敵軍撤離，包圍結束時，人們走上街頭歡慶解放。 ＊siege [sidʒ] n. 圍攻，包圍

medieval

[͵midɪ`ivḷ] a. 中世紀的 The concept of personal hygiene was very different in medieval times. 中世紀的個人衛生概念和現在差很多。 ＊hygiene [`haɪdʒin] n. 衛生 延伸 ancient [`enʃənt] a. 古代的 modern [`mɑdɚn] a. 現代的 contemporary [kən`tɛmpə͵rɛrɪ] a. 當代的

manifesto

[͵mænə`fɛsto] n. （政黨的）宣言，聲明 片語 the election manifesto 選舉宣言 The party leader has made it clear in his election manifesto that his party is determined to help boost the economy of this country. 該政黨領袖在其選舉宣言中明確表示，他的政黨決心要協助振興該國的經濟。 ＊boost [bust] vt. 推動

modernization

[͵mɑdɚnə`zeʃən] n. 現代化 The modernization of the railway system took the country almost ten years. 該國花了幾乎十年的時間進行鐵路系統的現代化。

meditation

[͵mɛdə`teʃən] n. 冥想（不可數），打坐 Jane found inner peace by practicing yoga and meditation. 阿珍藉由練習瑜珈和打坐來得到內心的平靜。

medication

[͵mɛdɪ`keʃən] n. 藥物（可數／不可數） 片語 take medicine/medication 服藥 The doctor advised Tim to take medication for his stomach ulcer. 醫師勸告提姆服藥以治療胃潰瘍。 ＊ulcer [`ʌlsɚ] n. 潰瘍

metropolitan

[͵mɛtrə`pɑlətən] a. 大都市的 Metropolitan Miami covers a much larger area than the city of Miami itself. 邁阿密大都會區比邁阿密市本身涵蓋的範圍還要大很多。

overlap

[͵ovɚ`læp] vt. vi. 重疊 片語 overlap with... 與⋯⋯重疊 - overlap... Terry's views on this book overlapped (with) mine. 泰瑞對這本書的意見跟我重疊。 The research fields of these two scholars overlap. 這兩位學者的研究領域有重疊之處。

overturn

[͵ovɚ`tɝn] vt. 打翻，推翻 片語 overturn sth 將某物打翻 - knock over sth Amy overturned a bottle of milk by accident. 艾咪不小心打翻了一瓶牛奶。 The suspect's life sentence was overturned by the Supreme Court. 該嫌犯的無期徒刑在最高法院被推翻了。

overestimate

[͵ovɚ`ɛstə͵met] vt. 高估 Don't overestimate your strength. That's a long distance to swim. 不要高估你的體力。那段游泳的距離是很長的。

premature

[͵primə`tjʊr] a. 過早的，早產的 片語 a premature baby 早產兒 The spokesman said it was still too premature to comment on the progress of the peace talks. 發言人指出，現在要針對和談的進展做出評論還言之過早。 Two months before her due date, the woman went into labor and gave birth to a premature baby boy. 預產期兩個月前，這名女子開始分娩並生下了一名早產兒男嬰。 ＊due date [͵dju `det] n. 預產期 ＊go into labor 進入分娩

prohibition

[͵proə`bɪʃən] n. 禁止（不可數），禁令（可數） 片語 a prohibition against/on sth 關於某事物的禁令 - a ban on/against sth The government lifted the prohibition on the sale of imported meat. 政府解除了禁售進口肉類的規定。 ＊lift [lɪft] vt. 解除 ＊import [ɪm`pɔrt] vt. 進口 The government has announced a prohibition against smoking in public places. 政府已頒布在公共場所禁止吸菸的禁令。

productivity

[͵prɑdʌk`tɪvətɪ] n. 生產力 片語 increase productivity 增加生產力 Computers have greatly increased productivity in offices. 電腦大幅提升辦公室的生產力。

proclamation

[͵prɑklə`meʃən] n. 公告，聲明 片語 issue a proclamation 發布公告 The authorities issued a proclamation banning all imports from that country. 官方公告禁止從那個國家進口任何東西。

propaganda

[͵prɑpə`gændə] n. 宣傳（不可數） 片語 a propaganda campaign 宣傳活動（表達某人的政治立場） The anti-war groups launched a propaganda campaign against the ruling party. 許多反戰團體發起對抗執政黨的宣傳活動。 ＊launch [lɔntʃ] vt. 發起（活動）

proposition

[͵prɑpə`zɪʃən] n. （商業的）提議 I've put my proposition to the manager for his consideration. 我已把建議提報給經理考慮。

prosecution

[͵prɑsɪ`kjuʃən] n. 起訴 Prosecution for minor offenses rarely leads to imprisonment. 因輕微的初犯而被起訴幾乎很少要被關。 ＊offense [ə`fɛns] n. 過錯，犯法 ＊imprisonment [ɪm`prɪzṇmənt] n. 監禁

presidential

[͵prɛzə`dɛnʃəl] a. 總統（選舉）的 片語 a presidential candidate 總統選舉候選人 The two presidential candidates had a heated debate on TV last night. 這兩位總統候選人昨晚在電視上有一場激烈的辯論。 ＊debate [dɪ`bet] n. 辯論 & vt. 辯論

panorama

[͵pænə`ræmə] n. 全景 片語 a panorama of... ⋯⋯的全景 The luxury hotel located on the mountaintop offers a breathtaking panorama of the city. 座落於山頂的那家豪華飯店提供令人讚嘆的城市全景。 ＊breathtaking [`brɛθ͵tekɪŋ] a. 驚人的，令人震懾的

panacea

[͵pænə`sɪə] n. 萬靈藥（與介詞 for 並用） Some people believe that religious faith is the panacea for both physical and mental problems. 有些人相信宗教信仰是治療身心問題的萬靈藥。

parliamentary

[͵pɑrlə`mɛntərɪ] a. 國會的 A proposed law must first go through parliamentary procedures. 立法提案必須先通過國會的程序。

persevere

[͵pɝsə`vɪr] vi. 堅持不懈（與介詞 in 並用） 片語 persevere in + N/V-ing 堅持從事⋯⋯ Despite a number of setbacks, the two travelers persevered in their attempts to bike all the way from Spain to the southern end of Africa. 儘管有一些挫折，這兩名旅行者仍堅持要從西班牙一路騎自行車到非洲南端。 ＊setback [`sɛt͵bæk] n. 挫折

perseverance

[͵pɝsə`vɪrəns] n. 毅力（與介詞 in 並用） Ned always shows great perseverance in the face of difficulty. 奈德面對困難時總是展現出堅強的毅力。

picturesque

[͵pɪktʃə`rɛsk] a. 如畫的 Switzerland is noted for the beauty of its picturesque landscapes. 瑞士以它如畫的景緻之美著稱。

radiation

[͵redɪ`eʃən] n. 放射，散發 片語 ultraviolet radiation 紫外線放射物（＊ultraviolet [͵ʌltrə`vaɪəlɪt] a. 紫外線的 & n. 紫外線） There was a radiation leak at a nuclear power plant last week. 上週某座核能電廠發生了輻射外洩事件。 Sunscreen protects you from harmful ultraviolet radiation. 防曬乳保護你不受紫外線放射物所害。 ＊sunscreen [`sʌn͵skrin] n. 防曬乳 ＊suntan lotion [`sʌntæn͵loʃən] n. 防曬油

rehabilitate

[͵rihə`bɪlə͵tet] vt. 使復健 The aim of this program is to rehabilitate the prisoners so that they can turn over a new leaf when they are released. 本計畫的目的是要使受刑人重新學習做人，以便出獄後能展開新的生活。

rehabilitation

[͵rihə͵bɪlə`teʃən] n. 復健（常簡寫為 rehab [`ri͵hæb]） John has been addicted to drugs since college. It would be wise of him to go to a rehab center. 約翰自大學時就一直犯毒癮。到菸毒勒戒所對他來說會是明智的選擇。 延伸 a rehab center 復健中心；菸毒勒戒所

reinforce

[͵riɪn`fɔrs] vt. 加強，補強（建築物），增援 Roger's rude remarks merely reinforced my dislike of him. 羅傑粗魯的言論只是加深了我對他的反感。 ＊remark [rɪ`mɑrk] n. 言論 The storm is coming, so I think it's a good idea that we reinforce our house a little bit. 既然暴風雨要來了，我覺得補強一下房子是個不錯的主意。 Two battalions of soldiers were sent to reinforce the fort. 兩個營的兵力被派去增援該要塞。 ＊battalion [bə`tæljən] n.（陸軍）營

referendum

[͵rɛfə`rɛndəm] n. 公投 片語 hold a referendum on... 舉辦⋯⋯的公投 The government agreed to hold a referendum on the issue soon. 政府同意於近期內為該議題舉辦一場公投。

restoration

[͵rɛstə`reʃən] n. 修復（建築物、畫），恢復 The museum is closed temporarily for restoration and is scheduled to reopen to the public on May 1. 這間博物館暫時關閉以做維修，預計 5 月 1 日重新對大眾開放。 The first task after the war was the restoration of public order. 戰後的首要工作就是公眾秩序的恢復。

revelation

[͵rɛvə`leʃən] n. 揭露（可數，常用複數） 片語 revelations about/concerning sth 揭發某事的真相 revelations + that 子句 揭發某事 The mayor resigned soon after revelations about the embezzlement. 市長在挪用公款案被揭露後不久就辭職了。 ＊embezzlement [ɪm`bɛzḷmənt] n. 挪用公款 The basketball team was waiting for the revelation of their new coach. 這支籃球隊正在等待新的教練人選揭曉。 Helen divorced Eddie due to revelations that he had been having an affair with his secretary. 因為艾迪和秘書搞七拈三的事被揭露，所以海倫和他離婚了。

realization

[͵rɪələ`zeʃən] n. 瞭解，實現 片語 the realization of sth 對某事的領悟、實現 come to the realization + that 子句 領悟到⋯⋯ - come to the understanding+ that 子句 Jack came to the realization that his lack of education had been preventing him from getting a good job. 傑克後來領悟到，因為教育程度不夠，他一直找不到好工作。 The realization of your dreams depends on hard work. 辛勤工作才能實現夢想。

psychiatric

[͵saɪkɪ`ætrɪk] n. 精神病學的 A person who often has a strong desire to steal may be in need of psychiatric help. 一個時常有強烈偷竊慾望的人可能需要尋求精神上的協助。 ＊be in need of sth 需要某物

simultaneous

[͵saɪmḷ`tenɪəs ͵sɪmḷ`tenɪəs] a. 同步的 片語 simultaneous interpretation 同步口譯 About 1500 users can have simultaneous access to our system. 本系統可以容納約 1500 個使用者同時上線。

simultaneously

[͵saɪmḷ`tenɪəslɪ] adv. 同時地 The popular novel was adapted for film and television simultaneously. 這本暢銷小說被同時改編成電影跟電視。

sociology

[͵soʃɪ`ɑlədʒɪ] n. 社會學 Miss Wang is a professor of sociology and criminology at Stanford University. 王小姐是史丹佛大學的社會學以及犯罪學教授。 ＊criminology [͵krɪmə`nɑlədʒɪ] n. 犯罪學

sociological

[͵soʃɪə`lɑdʒɪkḷ] a. 社會學的 Joan's sociological study released last month dealt with teenagers and trends. 喬安上個月發表的社會學研究報告描寫青少年與流行風。

stimulation

[͵stɪmjə`leʃən] n. 刺激 The housewife complains of a lack of intellectual stimulation when she is at home looking after her children. 這名家庭主婦抱怨在家照顧小孩會使她缺乏智能上的刺激。

superintendent

[͵supərɪn`tɛndənt] n. 監督者，主管 Jack was appointed the superintendent of the project. 傑克被任命為該計劃的監督者。 The superintendent of our department is young and full of stamina. 我們部門的主管年輕又有幹勁。 ＊stamina [`stæmɪnə] n. 精力

supersonic

[͵supɚ`sɑnɪk] a. 超音速的 片語 a supersonic jet 超音速噴射機 It wasn't a roll of thunder. It sounded like a supersonic jet. 這聲音可不是雷聲。聽起來像是一架超音速噴射機。 ＊a roll of thunder 一陣雷聲

sanitation

[͵sænə`teʃən] n. 公共衛生系統（不可數） Poor sanitation is a widespread problem in this country. 惡劣的公衛系統問題在該國屢見不鮮。

symbolic

[͵sɪm`bɑlɪk] a. 象徵性的 片語 be symbolic of... 象徵⋯⋯ - symbolize... The use of the color blue in the film is symbolic of the misery and depression of the main character. 這部電影中使用的藍色象徵主角的不幸與憂鬱。 ＊misery [`mɪzərɪ] n. 不幸 ＊depression [dɪ`prɛʃən] n. 憂鬱

transformation

[͵trænsfɚ`meʃən] n. 變形，轉型 片語 undergo/experience a transformation 經歷轉變 transformation from A to/into B 從 A 轉型成 B The country's political status has experienced a dramatic transformation in recent years. 這些年來，該國政局經歷了戲劇化的轉變。 Today's topic is India's transformation from poverty to prosperity. 今天的主題是印度從貧窮轉型到富裕的過程。 ＊prosperity [prɑs`pɛrətɪ] n. 繁榮

variation

[͵vɛrɪ`eʃən] n. 變化（常與介詞 in 並用） The barometer measured slight variations in pressure. 氣壓計測量到了大氣壓力的些微變化。

veterinarian

[͵vɛtərə`nɛrɪən] n. 獸醫（常簡寫為 vet [vɛt]） The veterinarian checked the cat's ears carefully. 獸醫細心地檢查貓咪的耳朵。 比較 veteran [`vɛtərən] n. 退役軍人，老兵

well-being

[͵wɛl`biɪŋ] n. 幸福（不可數） 片語 a sense of well-being 幸福感 Walking with his sweetheart in the sunshine gave Tom a sense of well-being. 湯姆和愛人在陽光下漫步，這讓他心中興起一陣幸福感。

abolition

[͵æbə`lɪʃən] n. 廢除 The abolition of slavery was one of the greatest events in the country. 廢除奴隸制度是該國史上最重要的事件之一。

aborigine

[͵æbə`rɪdʒəni] n. 原住民 The aborigines of this area are known for their beautiful woven fabrics. 這個地區的原住民因其美麗的織品而聞名。 ＊weave [wiv] vt. 編織（三態為：weave, wove [wov] , woven [`wovən]。）

aboriginal

[͵æbə`rɪdʒənḷ] a. 原住民的 The mayor decided to build a museum to preserve aboriginal culture. 市長決定要蓋一座博物館以保存原住民的文化。 ＊preserve [prɪ`zɝv] vt. 保存

adaptation

[͵ædæp`teʃən] n. 適應（與介詞 to 並用），改編（與介詞 of 並用） This lizard's brown skin is an adaptation to the desert. 這種蜥蜴的棕色皮膚是為了適應沙漠。 ＊lizard [`lɪzɚd] n. 蜥蜴 The director is working on a film adaptation of this short novel. 導演正在拍攝這部短篇小說改編的電影。

accusation

[͵ækjə`zeʃən] n. 控告 片語 make an accusation of sth 對某事提出控告 an accusation against sb 控告某人 Mr. Blake's accusation against Mr. Collins was proved false. 布雷克先生對柯林斯先生的控訴被証明是不實的。

acquisition

[͵ækwə`zɪʃən] n. 獲得，添購的物品，收購 The acquisition of new knowledge enables you to keep pace with changing trends. 獲得新知可以使你跟上不斷在改變的潮流。 My parents' latest acquisitions are a dishwasher and a blender. 我父母親最近買了一台洗碗機和果汁機。 The company's acquisition of Fuji Tech will help it compete in the software market. 該公司收購富士科技的行動將有助他們在軟體市場上競爭。

alcoholic

[͵ælkə`hɔlɪk] a. 酒精的 n. 酗酒的人 片語 an alcoholic beverage 含酒精的飲料（＊beverage [`bɛvərɪdʒ] n. 飲料） Pregnant women should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages. 孕婦應避免喝有酒精的飲料。 Helen's husband is an alcoholic and often beats her when he is drunk. 海倫的先生是個酒鬼，常常喝醉酒就會打她。 延伸 a workaholic [͵wɝkə`hɔlɪk] n. 工作狂

allegation

[͵ælə`geʃən] n. （無證據的）宣稱 The legislator made allegations of corruption against the city's police department. 這位立法委員沒有證據就宣稱市警局貪污。

allocation

[͵ælə`keʃən] n. 分配，配給物 Good allocation of your time can help you work efficiently. 妥善分配你的時間可以讓你工作更有效率。 We'll have to save this project for next year, because our department has already used up the allocation (of the budget) for this year. 這件企畫案得留待明年，因為我們部門今年已經花光了分配到的經費。

ambiguity

[͵æmbɪ`gjʊətɪ] n. 含糊不清（不可數） We need to be careful with our choice of words in our composition to avoid ambiguity. 我們在作文裡必須小心選擇用字，以避免語意不清。

antibiotic

[͵æntɪbaɪ`ɑtɪk] n. 抗生素 The doctor prescribed me some antibiotics for my ear infection. 醫師開了些抗生素給我治療耳朵發炎。 ＊infection [ɪn`fɛkʃən] n. 感染

analytical

[͵ænə`lɪtɪkḷ] a. 分析的 We encourage you to develop your analytical skills during the course. 我們鼓勵你們在這堂課裡培養分析的技巧。

animation

[͵ænə`meʃən] n. 動畫，活力（不可數） 片語 with animation 活力十足，激動地 This movie is all about computer animation and some eye-catching special effects. There's not much else to be seen. 這部電影全是電腦動畫跟一些引人注意的特效。其他就沒啥可看的了。 ＊eye-catching [`aɪ͵kætʃɪŋ] a. 引人注目的 The author told me with great animation about his plans for the next novel. 該作家活力十足地告訴我他下一部小說的計畫。 延伸 computer animation 電腦動畫 3-D animations 3D 立體動畫

apparatus

[͵æpə`retəs] 複數形: apparatuses [͵æpə`retəsɪz] n. 儀器（可數／不可數） Various yoga postures can be performed more easily with the help of this apparatus. 藉由這台儀器的協助，你可以更輕易地擺出各種瑜珈姿勢。 ＊posture [`pɑstʃɚ] n. 姿勢

aspiration

[͵æspə`reʃən] n. 熱望，志向 I can still remember the nights when we sat in the bar, drinking and talking about our future aspirations. 我還記得那些夜晚，我們坐在酒吧裡，邊喝酒邊聊未來的志向。

astrological

[͵æstrə`lɑdʒɪkḷ] a. 占星術的 片語 sb's astrological sign 某人的星座 Some people like to characterize others by their astrological signs. 有些人喜歡用星座來替人做分類。 比較 astronomy [əs`trɑnəmɪ] n. 天文學 ⑤ astronomer [ə`strɑnəmɚ] n. 天文學家

obligation

[͵ɑblə`geʃən] n. （道德上、法律上的）義務，責任 片語 be under an/no obligation to V 有／無義務要⋯⋯ have an obligation to V 有⋯⋯的義務 We are under no obligation to answer any of your questions. 我們沒有義務要回答你的任何問題。 All parents have an obligation to take good care of their children. - All parents are under an obligation to take good care of their children. 所有父母都有義務要妥善照顧他們的孩子。

opposition

[͵ɑpə`zɪʃən] n. 反對 片語 be met with fierce opposition 遭遇強烈的反對（＊fierce [fɪrs] a. 強烈的） the opposition party 反對黨（不可寫成 the opposing party） the ruling party 執政黨 The plan to set up a branch office in Japan was met with fierce opposition. 要在日本設立分公司的計劃遭逢強烈的反彈。

instability

[͵ɪnstə`bɪlətɪ] n. 不穩定 Structural instability of the old building led to its collapse during the earthquake. 結構上的不牢固導致這棟舊大樓在地震中坍塌。

editorial

[͵ɛdə`tɔrɪəl] n. 社論 a. 編輯的 That newspaper's recent editorials have been centering around environmental issues. 那家報社的社論最近都圍繞在環境議題上。 The textbook publisher has an editorial staff of 50. 這家教科書出版社有 50 位編輯人員。

exploration

[͵ɛksplə`reʃən] n. 探險，探測，研究，調查 片語 space exploration 太空探測 Space exploration has taught us how insignificant our planet is in the universe. 太空探測讓我們知道我們的地球在宇宙中多麼渺小。 ＊insignificant [͵ɪnsɪg`nɪfəkənt] a. 微不足道的 ＊universe [`junə͵vɝs] n. 宇宙 This documentary is an exploration into the human mind. 這部紀錄片深入探討了人腦。 ＊documentary [͵dɑkjə`mɛntərɪ] n. 紀錄片

expedition

[͵ɛkspə`dɪʃən] n. 遠征，探險隊 片語 go on an expedition 去遠征 We went on an expedition to the North Pole to take photos of the icebergs. 我們遠征到北極拍攝冰山。 ＊iceberg [`aɪs͵bɝg] n. 冰山 Five members of the expedition were killed in an avalanche. 這支遠征隊的 5 名成員在大雪崩時喪生。 ＊avalanche [`ævḷ͵æntʃ] n. 雪崩

expiration

[͵ɛkspə`reʃən] n. 期滿 To be on the safe side, always check the expiration date on the food package before you buy it. 為了保險起見，買東西前都要先查看一下食物包裝上的保存期限。 延伸 the expiration date 保存期限

expertise

[͵ɛkspɚ`tiz] n. 專業知識（不可數，與介詞 in 並用） Sharon has remarkable expertise in the history of wars. 雪倫有戰爭史方面的專業知識。

extracurricular

[͵ɛkstrəkə`rɪkjəlɚ] a. 課外的 片語 extracurricular activities 課外活動 Johnson took part in many extracurricular activities while in college. 強森大學時參加了許多課外活動。

ecological

[͵ɛkə`lɑdʒɪkḷ ͵ɪkə`lɑdʒɪkḷ] a. 生態的 The accident of Chernobyl was one of the most serious ecological disasters recorded in human history. 車諾比事故是人類史上所載最嚴重的生態浩劫之一。

emigration

[͵ɛmə`greʃən] n. 移民出境 Emigration can cause serious worker shortage. 移民國外會引起嚴重的勞工短缺。 At the height of emigration, many people moved to Canada. 移民高峰期，許多人搬到加拿大去了。

epidemic

[͵ɛpɪ`dɛmɪk] n. 傳染病 a. 傳染病的 The outbreak of a flu epidemic has caused the government to take quick action to protect the most vulnerable, mainly children and the elderly. 流感傳染病的爆發已使政府迅速採取行動以保護那些最容易受影響的人，主要是兒童和老年人。 ＊vulnerable [`vʌlnərəbḷ] a. 有弱點的，易受傷的 ＊the vulnerable - vulnerable people 易受傷的人 Car theft in this area has reached epidemic proportions. 這個區域的汽車竊盜已到達像是傳染病的程度了。

evolution

[͵ɛvə`luʃən] n. 發展，進化 片語 the theory of evolution 進化論 The twentieth century witnessed the evolution of computer technology. 二十世紀見証了電腦科技的進展。 ＊witness [`wɪtnɪs] vt. 目擊，見証 We learned about Darwin's theory of evolution in today's biology class. 我們在今天的生物課學了達爾文的進化論。

evolutionary

[͵ɛvə`luʃən͵ɛrɪ] a. 進化的，進化論的，漸進的 片語 an evolutionary biologist/theorist 進化論生物學家／理論家 Evolutionary development has made human beings into what they are today. 進化發展使人類呈現今日的面貌。 The growth of our company has been an evolutionary process. 我們公司的成長是個漸進的過程。

illegitimate

[͵ɪlɪ`dʒɪtəmɪt] a. 非法的，非婚生的 片語 an illegitimate child 私生子 Paul made a great fortune by apparently running some illegitimate business. 保羅似乎是靠著某些非法勾當賺了大把銀子。 A man named Frank popped up and claimed to be the deceased billionaire's illegitimate son. 一個叫法蘭克的突然冒出來，聲稱自己是那位已故億萬富翁的私生子。

implication

[͵ɪmplə`keʃən] n. 暗示 片語 by implication 透過暗示 The basketball player criticized his teammates and, by implication, his coach, too. 這名籃球員批評他的隊友，透過暗示，也批評了他的教練。

implementation

[͵ɪmpləmɛn`teʃən] n. 實施 To everyone's disappointment, the implementation of the new system did not improve the current situation. 讓大家失望的是，新系統的執行並沒有改善現有的情況。

indecisive

[͵ɪndɪ`saɪsɪv] a. 優柔寡斷的 Andrew is so indecisive that it takes him a long time to make even small decisions. 安德魯很優柔寡斷，即使是做很小的決定也要花上很久的時間。

indignation

[͵ɪndɪg`neʃən] n. 憤怒 片語 with/in indignation 帶著憤怒 Michael finally realized with indignation that he was the only person who had been kept in the dark about that matter. 麥可終於氣憤地了解他是唯一一個被蒙在鼓裡，對那件事一無所知的人。（＊be in the dark about... 對⋯⋯一無所知） A crowd gathered at the Japanese Embassy to voice their indignation about the Tiaoyutai incident. 人群在日本大使館外集結，欲表達他們對釣魚台事件的不滿。

ingenuity

[͵ɪndʒə`nuətɪ] n. 獨創性，巧妙（皆不可數） We were impressed by the ingenuity of his plan. 我們對他巧妙的計劃印象深刻。 The boy showed great ingenuity in making a toy ship out of a piece of discarded wood. 這名男孩用一塊廢棄的木頭做成玩具船，顯出他極佳的獨創性。 ＊discard [dɪs`kɑrd] vt. 丟棄

inclination

[͵ɪnklə`neʃən] n. 傾向 片語 have an inclination to V 有⋯⋯的傾向 - have a tendency to V - tend to V - be inclined to V James doesn't seem to have an inclination to devote himself to a long-term relationship. 詹姆士似乎沒有傾向要將自己投入在一段長期的戀愛關係中。

incompatible

[͵ɪnkəm`pætəbḷ] a. （電腦）不相容的，不能共存的 片語 be incompatible with sth （電腦）和某物不相容；無法和某物共存 The views of the majority party and those of the opposition party are often incompatible. 主要政黨和反對黨的意見通常無法相容。

installation

[͵ɪnstə`leʃən] n. 安裝，設備，就職（典禮） 片語 installation costs 安裝費用 a heating installation 暖氣設備 the installation of a new mayor 新市長就職 Installation of the security system will take two days. 安裝保全系統要花上兩天時間。 The whole heating installation needs to be replaced. 全部的暖氣設備都需要更換。 The ceremony for the new mayor's installation was held last May. 新任市長就職典禮於去年 5 月舉行。

institution

[͵ɪnstə`tjuʃən] n. 機構 Universities are institutions of knowledge and learning. 大學是知識和學習的機構。

incidental

[͵ɪnsə`dɛntḷ] a. 附帶發生的 片語 be incidental to... 附帶於⋯⋯發生的 These risks are incidental to the job in firefighting. 那些風險是救火工作會附帶發生的。

incidentally

[͵ɪnsə`dɛntḷɪ] adv. 順帶一提 Incidentally, where were you last night? - By the way, where were you last night? 對了，你昨晚到哪兒去了？ There are a lot of pretty girls at that school, incidentally. 順便一提，那所學校有很多漂亮的女孩。

integration

[͵ɪntə`greʃən] n. 整合 片語 racial integration 種族融合 The composer's music is an integration of hip-hop and Asian-American culture. 這位作曲家的音樂融合了嘻哈音樂和亞裔美人的文化。

intersection

[͵ɪntɚ`sɛkʃən] n. 交叉（不可數），十字路口（可數） The intersection of these two lines forms four angles. 兩條線交叉形成 4 個角。 Many traffic accidents occur at this busy intersection. 很多交通事故在這個忙碌的十字路口發生。

intervene

[͵ɪntɚ`vin] vi. 介入，干預（與介詞 in 並用） 片語 intervene in... 干預⋯⋯ - interfere with... The government was urged to intervene in the currency markets in order to stabilize the exchange rate. 政府被要求要介入干預貨幣市場以穩定外匯利率。 ＊currency [`kɝrənsɪ] n. 貨幣 ＊stabilize [`stebḷ͵aɪz] vt. 使穩定

intervention

[͵ɪntɚ`vɛnʃən] n. 干預 片語 military/government intervention 軍事／政府干預 Two-thirds of people surveyed said that they were opposed to military intervention in the civil war in Congo. 3 分之 2 的受訪民眾表示他們反對軍事干預剛果的內戰。 ＊a civil war 內戰

innovation

[͵ɪnə`veʃən] n. 創新（不可數） Innovation is the key to success in the fast-changing business world. 在這個瞬息萬變的商場上，創新便是通往成功之鑰。

irritation

[͵ɪrə`teʃən] n. 生氣，過敏 We could feel Father's irritation at being stuck in the traffic jam. 被困在車陣中時，我們都可以感覺到爸爸的怒氣。 This ointment may cause irritation to sensitive skin. 這個藥膏可能造成敏感性肌膚過敏。

irresistible

[͵ɪrɪ`zɪstəbḷ] a. 無法抗拒的 Stuart suddenly felt an irresistible desire to dance. 史都爾突然感到一陣無法抗拒的跳舞的慾望。

undergo

[͵ʌndɚ`go] vt. 經歷，接受（治療、訓練） John underwent a lot of setbacks before becoming what he is today. 約翰經歷了許多挫敗才有今天的成就。 The hospital requires that interns undergo extensive training. 這間醫院要求實習醫生接受大量的訓練。 ＊intern [`ɪntɝn] n. 實習醫生；實習生

undermine

[͵ʌndɚ`maɪn] vt. 損壞 Some people tried to undermine the celebrity's reputation by spreading rumors about his private life. 有些人想藉由散布關於這個名人私生活的謠言來破壞他的聲望。

undertake

[͵ʌndɚ`tek] vt. 承接，擔保 片語 undertake a project/research/study 承接一項計劃／調查／研究 undertake to V 擔保⋯⋯ Prof. Smith undertook a project of writing a book on zoology. 史密斯教授接下了撰寫動物學專書的計劃。 I cannot undertake to finish the job by Friday. 我無法擔保星期五之前可以完工。 用法 undertake 作『承擔』解時，以名詞作受詞；若作『擔保』解時，等於 promise，以不定詞作受詞。

underestimate

[͵ʌndɚ`ɛstə͵met] vt. 低估 The influence of gossip on decision-making should not be underestimated. 流言對決策的影響不應被低估。

unemployed

[͵ʌnɪm`plɔɪd] a. 失業的 How many of you have been unemployed for more than a year? 你們當中幾個人已經超過一年沒工作了？ The Prime Minister has unveiled a construction project that will provide many job opportunities for the unemployed. 總理公佈一項建案，將提供失業勞工許多工作機會。 ＊unveil [ʌn`vel] vt. 公佈 延伸 the unemployed 失業民眾

unemployment

[͵ʌnɪm`plɔɪmənt] n. 失業（不可數） 片語 the unemployment rate 失業率 The government should take immediate action to help reduce the unemployment rate. 政府應該採取立即的行動來協助降低失業率。

theoretical

[θiə`rɛtɪkḷ] a. 理論上的 The formula is still only theoretical and has not been tested yet. 這道公式還只是理論性的，尚未受到檢測。 ＊formula [`fɔrmjələ] n. 公式

thrive

[θraɪv] vi. 繁榮，興隆，繁茂地生長 The company began to thrive after a new CEO took charge. 公司在新的執行長上任後生意日益興隆。 ＊CEO 執行長（是 chief executive officer 的縮寫） The cactus is one of the few plants that can thrive in the desert. 仙人掌是少數可以在沙漠中繁茂地生長的植物 ＊cactus [`kæktəs] n. 仙人掌（複數為 cacti [`kæktaɪ] 或 cactuses [`kæktəsɪz]）

throb

[θrɑb] vi. 抽痛，震動 n. 抽痛，震動 My head was throbbing and spinning the whole afternoon. I think I might be getting a cold. 我的頭抽痛又暈眩了一整個下午。我想我可能感冒了。 Loud and throbbing drumbeats feature prominently in dance music. 吵雜且砰砰作響的鼓聲是舞曲音樂最顯著的特色。 ＊prominently [`prɑmənəntlɪ] adv. 顯著地

thrift

[θrɪft] n. 節儉 Thrift is considered a virtue. 節儉是一種美德。 The thrift shop sells used clothes to raise money for the hurricane victims. 這間慈善二手商店賣舊衣服，以幫颶風受災戶募款。 延伸 a thrift shop 慈善二手商店

theft

[θɛft] n. 偷竊，竊盜（案） Taking other people's stuff without their permission is not borrowing. It's theft. 未經許可拿走別人的東西不叫做借用，而是偷竊。 There have been quite a few thefts in the hotel since the beginning of the holiday season. 自從渡假旺季開始之後，該飯店已發生了好幾件竊案。

theatrical

[θɪ`ætrɪkḷ] a. 戲劇的，誇張的 Sandy is always very theatrical when she gives presentations to her clients. 珊蒂對客戶做口頭報告時，她說話總是很誇張。 Teddy began to talk theatrically to Nick about what had happened. 泰迪開始誇張地對尼克描述事發經過。

PDA

n. 個人數位助理 How much does this PDA cost? 這台 PDA多少錢？

IQ

n. 智商（- intelligence quotient） Academic success is not necessarily an indicator of a high IQ. 學業成績優良並不一定就表示智商高。 ＊indicator [`ɪndə͵ketɚ] n. 指示物，指標

LCD

n. 液晶顯示器 Several LCD models are on sale today. 數款液晶螢幕機型今天特價。 ＊crystal [`krɪstḷ] n. 水晶 & a. 水晶的 ＊display [dɪ`sple] n. 顯示；展覽