M. 20-1 Hyperthermia (Pearson)

The nurse is working at a summer camp when the heat index is predicted to be over 100°F (37.8°C). Which child should remain indoors? A child with cerebral palsy A child with a fractured arm A child with seasonal allergies A child with asthma

A child with asthma

he mother of a preschool-age child is concerned because the child became normothermic after receiving a dose of acetaminophen but, 4 hours later, is febrile again. Which instruction should the nurse give the mother? Give a dose of aspirin. Give the child a cold bath. Take the child to the nearest emergency department. Provide another dose of acetaminophen.

Provide another dose of acetaminophen.

The parents of a child with a fever of 39.0°C (102.2°F) report giving acetaminophen to their child with little success in bringing down the fever. Which instruction should the nurse provide the parents about adding ibuprofen to the treatment? "Acetaminophen can be administered every 4 hours, and then give ibuprofen every 6 hours." "You should refrain from using ibuprofen along with acetaminophen because it can cause Reye syndrome." "Alternating ibuprofen with acetaminophen helps provide comfort, but research does not support this." "I would only use acetaminophen, because this has been proven the best medication to treat a fever."

"Alternating ibuprofen with acetaminophen helps provide comfort, but research does not support this."

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child with a fever, nausea, vomiting, and seizures. Which information should the nurse provide the parents to alleviate their fears? "Because of your child's age, it is less likely that your child will have additional seizures." "An electroencephalogram (EEG) can be done to determine brain damage." "Have you or anyone in your family, including your child, ever had seizures before?" "Research shows children who experience febrile seizures will develop a seizure disorder."

"Because of your child's age, it is less likely that your child will have additional seizures."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child about fever management. The parents ask about alternating acetaminophen with ibuprofen. Which response by the nurse is accurate? "That is a good idea. Make sure you follow the recommended dosing on the drug insert." "I hope you do not want to alternate these medications to get the child back to school faster." "You should try using aspirin for fever and pain relief for your child." "Evidence shows that there is no improvement in condition with alternating acetaminophen and ibuprofen."

"Evidence shows that there is no improvement in condition with alternating acetaminophen and ibuprofen."

A 5-year-old is brought to the emergency department by their parents after experiencing a seizure. The mother asks, "Does this mean that my child has epilepsy?" Which response by the nurse is accurate? "Yes. Most children who have a seizure from fever have epilepsy." "No. High temperatures can cause seizures in young children." "No, but your child will have seizures with a high fever." "Yes. Having any seizure means the child has a seizure disorder."

"No. High temperatures can cause seizures in young children."

The parents of a child with a fever call the nurse and report purple spots on the child's extremities. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "You should bring the child to the emergency department for evaluation." "Give your child aspirin as directed on the bottle for the fever symptoms." "Those spots will go away in a few days after the fever subsides." "Come see the healthcare provider if the fever lasts 4 or more days."

"You should bring the child to the emergency department for evaluation."

The nurse is teaching a patient how to treat mild hyperthermia. Which nonpharmacologic action should the nurse include? "You should eat warm foods, like chicken broth." "You should remove any extra clothing or blankets." "You can take a cold bath every 4 hours to cool down." "Avoid turning on a fan, because it could spread germs."

"You should remove any extra clothing or blankets."

The nurse is caring for four patients. Which patient should the nurse assess as having the highest risk for developing hyperthermia? A 20-year-old adult with an asthma exacerbation A 45-year-old adult with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus A 4-month-old child with respiratory syncytial virus A 60-year-old adult with congestive heart failure

A 4-month-old child with respiratory syncytial virus

An adult presents with severe heatstroke and hyperthermia. Which collaborative intervention should the nurse expect to implement to prevent renal failure in this patient? Inserting an indwelling catheter Administering intravenous fluids Monitoring BUN and creatinine Assessing body temperature hourly

Administering intravenous fluids

The nurse is planning care for a patient who has a fever and dry mucous membranes. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care? Keeping the air conditioner on in the room Changing the bed linens frequently Administering lip balm for lubrication Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter

Administering lip balm for lubrication

A parent of an 8-year-old child with a viral infection says, "I've been giving my child acetaminophen. What else can I do to make my child more comfortable?" Which additional intervention should the nurse instruct the parent to provide? Draw a cool bath and have the child sit in the tub for a while. Apply cool washcloths or ice bags to the axilla, groin, and forehead. Bundle the child up with more warm clothes and blankets. Encourage the child to drink 1000 mL of fluid per day.

Apply cool washcloths or ice bags to the axilla, groin, and forehead.

A patient with a body temperature of 39.0°C (102.2°F) asks the nurse, "Can you do something about my mouth being so dry?" Which intervention should the nurse implement to maximize the patient's comfort? Assisting the patient in performing oral hygiene Giving the patient lemon glycerin swabs to swab lips Suggesting that the healthcare provider order a fluid restriction Allowing the patient to go outside to smoke once per shift

Assessing the patient in performing oral hygiene

The nurse is teaching a pregnant woman in the first trimester strategies to prevent neural tube defects. Which instruction should the nurse include? Avoid lukewarm showers. Avoid hot tubs and saunas. Avoid summer heat during weeks 20 to 25 of pregnancy. Avoid sitting by a space heater.

Avoid hot tubs and saunas.

A patient was admitted with a persistent body temperature averaging around 38.8°C (102°F) for several weeks. Testing has ruled out an infection, autoimmune disease, and malignancy. Which condition should the nurse suspect as the source of the fever? Medication-induced fever Hypothalamic dysfunction Fever of unknown origin Febrile seizures

Fever of unknown origin

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child admitted to the hospital for a fever. Which nursing intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care? Applying warm washcloths or ice bags to the axilla, groin, and forehead Providing 1000 mL of fluid intake within a 24-hour period Giving a tepid sponge bath after administering fever medication Having the child wear an extra layer of clothing

Giving a tepid sponge bath after administering fever medication

The nurse is planning care for a patient who has a baseline body temperature of 38.7°C (101.6°F). After assessment, the nurse assigns the nursing diagnosis of Fluid Volume: Deficient, Risk for. Which rationale explains the selection of this nursing diagnosis? Vasoconstriction from hyperthermia causes fluid losses to occur. Hyperthermia increases metabolism, which results in the need for fluid. Tachycardia causes a decrease in blood volume, leading to dehydration. Febrile seizures due to severe hyperthermia can cause fluid losses.

Hyperthermia increases metabolism, which results in the need for fluid.

The nurse is caring for a patient who believes in the hot and cold theory. Which food should the nurse offer the patient? Chicken soup Hot chocolate Grilled cheese sandwich Ice cream

Ice cream

A patient phones the clinic and states, "I've been sweating and have a temperature of 101.5°F (40.1°C)." Which instruction should the nurse provide until the patient can be seen by the healthcare provider? Stay under a blanket. Take an antipyretic every hour. Increase fluids. Alternate doses of an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory.

Increase fluids.

A 4-month-old infant presents with a respiratory infection and a fever of 40.5°C (104.9°F). The nurse notices that the infant is sweating and breathing faster. Which finding is most important to note in the assessment? Lethargy Nasal congestion Difficulty nursing Positive Babinski sign

Lethargy

The parents call the clinic to report that their 5-year-old child has a temperature of 40.1°C (104.2°F). In which instance should the nurse instruct the parents to take their child to the emergency department? Intermittent crying Increased sleeping Nasal congestion Neck stiffness

Neck stiffness

The nurse assesses a patient and finds a temperature of 38.3°C (101°F). The patient does not report feeling warm or cold. In which phase of the fever should the nurse suspect the patient to be in? Plateau Chill Flush Resolution

Plateau

The parent of a 6-year-old child with a fever calls the nurse to report that the child will not drink water to replace fluid losses. Which instruction should the nurse give the mother? Bring the child to the emergency department for intravenous fluids. Explain to the child the need for drinking a lot of water. Provide extra fluids with popsicles and flavored gelatin. Encourage the consumption of milk and milk products with ice cream and yogurt.

Provide extra fluids with popsicles and flavored gelatin.

The nurse is assessing a patient with a fever. Which other clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find? Bradypnea Hyperglycemia Hypotension Tachycardia

Tachycardia

The nurse is evaluating the outcome of care provided to a patient who developed a postoperative fever. Which outcome indicates that care has been successful? The patient's heart rate is 100 beats/min, and respirations are 28 breaths/min. The patient's body temperature is 98.4°F (36.9°C) without the use of antipyretics. The patient's temperature spikes occur only during the night. The patient appears flushed and the skin is warm to the touch.

The patient's body temperature is 98.4°F (36.9°C) without the use of antipyretics.

Which nonpharmacologic intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care to promote normal body temperature in a patient with a fever? Turning on a fan or the air-conditioning system Placing multiple blankets on the patient's bed Administering intravenous and oral fluids Providing warm chicken noodle soup

Turning on a fan or the air-conditioning system

The nurse is assessing an 80-year-old patient admitted with delirium and hyperthermia. Which medical diagnosis should the nurse expect to find in the medical record as the most likely cause? Autoimmune disorder Skin breakdown Malignant tumor Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection

The nurse is teaching a group of hikers about the signs of heatstroke. Which signs should the nurse include? Warm, flushed skin without sweating and a temperature of 41.1°C (106°F) or higher Paleness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fainting, with a temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F) Fluctuating temperatures of more than 2°C (5.3°F) above normal within 24 hours Body temperature alternating between periods of fever and periods of normal or subnormal temperatures

Warm, flushed skin without sweating and a temperature of 41.1°C (106°F) or higher