MANA 3311 Module 9 HW

Which of the following statements best describes the invention phase of an innovation? Multiple choice question. A firm makes significant updates to an existing process. Rival firms seek to copy what the innovating firm is doing. A company researches whether an abstract concept might be possible.

A firm makes significant updates to an existing process.

Which of these represent innovation challenges related to the introduction stage of the industry life cycle? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Firms develop standards to ensure all components of the innovation mesh together. A firm must convince customers that the innovation is valuable. Obtaining access to distribution channels is vital.

A firm must convince customers that the innovation is valuable. Obtaining access to distribution channels is vital.

Which of the following statements accurately describes Lewin's model of organizational change? Multiple choice question. A three-step model of planned organizational change An eight-step model of organizational change that includes unfreezing, changing, and refreezing A set of steps outlining how organizational development specialists can facilitate organizational change

A three-step model of planned organizational change

Select all of the approaches individual managers and employees can use to reduce barriers to innovation and organizational change. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Ignoring the overly technical, day-to-day problems that change brings about Actively supporting anxious employees Getting resources from senior management

Actively supporting anxious employees Getting resources from senior management

Select all of the true statements regarding value innovation. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Both product and process innovations can be value innovations. Value innovations allow firms to increase customer value while also reducing costs. Value innovations are also known as value curves.

Both product and process innovations can be value innovations. Value innovations allow firms to increase customer value while also reducing costs.

Select all of the true statements regarding value innovation. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Both product and process innovations can be value innovations. Value innovations are also known as value curves. Value innovations allow firms to increase customer value while also reducing costs.

Both product and process innovations can be value innovations. Value innovations allow firms to increase customer value while also reducing costs.

Select all of the things that organizational development specialists do. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Facilitate interdepartmental competition. Bring cultures together. Conduct organization-wide interventions. Collect and analyze data.

Bring cultures together. Conduct organization-wide interventions. Collect and analyze data.

Match each description with the phase of innovation it best represents.

Coming up with an abstract concept or discovery from basic research matches Choice Idea Translating an abstract concept or discovery into a new product or process matches Choice Invention Commercializing or introducing things into markets and organizations as products, services, and processes matches Choice Innovation Seeking to obtain some of the gains from others' ideas and introductions matches Choice Imitation

What do individual managers use to reduce barriers to innovation and organizational change? Multiple choice question. Incremental and radical innovations Communication, education, negotiation Threats and bribes

Communication, education, negotiation

Non-compete agreements and non-disclosure agreements ______. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. safeguard investments made in training employees discourage rivals from poaching talent discourage innovation protect business value

safeguard investments made in training employees discourage rivals from poaching talent protect business value

Select all of the statements that accurately describe the industry life cycle. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Each stage of the industry life cycle brings different innovation challenges. There are five phases in the industry life cycle. The industry life cycle begins with introduction and ends with decline. In later stages of the industry life cycle, firms often rely for survival on product innovations that make them more efficient.

Each stage of the industry life cycle brings different innovation challenges. There are five phases in the industry life cycle. The industry life cycle begins with introduction and ends with decline.

How does individual resistance present a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. How to change and how much to change is not clear to decision makers. Firms may be held up by interdependencies with other innovators. Employees and managers prevent changes for fear they may be negatively affected.

Employees and managers prevent changes for fear they may be negatively affected.

Match each description with the stage in Lewin's model of organizational change that it best represents. Instructions

Employees become motivated to change. matches Choice Unfreezing Workers learn new necessary skills. matches Choice Changing Employee attitudes and behavior support the change. matches Choice Refreezing

What innovation trends occur during the growth stage of the industry life cycle? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Firms develop standards to ensure all of the system components work together. Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival. Product innovations surface rapidly. Technology lock-in may develop. Retailers need to be convinced as to why they should allocate shelf space for the new product.

Firms develop standards to ensure all of the system components work together. Product innovations surface rapidly. Technology lock-in may develop.

What does it mean that individual resistance can be a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. Firms can't change, because their interdependencies with other innovators hold up their progress. Firms can't change, because other organizations in their ecosystems are unable to change too. Firms don't change, because employees and managers don't want change.

Firms don't change, because employees and managers don't want change.

Which of the following represents a challenge present in the decline stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Firms must use trial and error to figure out which features of the innovation resonate with customers. Firms must decide between getting out of the industry altogether or salvaging remaining profit potential. Retailers need to be convinced as to why they should allocate shelf space for the new product.

Firms must decide between getting out of the industry altogether or salvaging remaining profit potential.

Which of these represent innovation challenges related to the introduction stage of the industry life cycle? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival. Firms must use trial and error to figure out which features of the innovation resonate with customers. Retailers need to be convinced as to why they should allocate shelf space for the new product.

Firms must use trial and error to figure out which features of the innovation resonate with customers. Retailers need to be convinced as to why they should allocate shelf space for the new product.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the focus of innovation during the shakeout stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Firms must decide between getting out of the industry altogether or salvaging remaining profit potential. Firms engage in price wars with other dominant players, as opposed to developing any kind of innovation. Firms start focusing on obtaining growth by stealing customers from competitors in order to increase market share.

Firms start focusing on obtaining growth by stealing customers from competitors in order to increase market share.

How can firms prevent co-innovation risks from becoming a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. Ensure that other firms in the ecosystem are also willing and able to change. Embrace an exploration approach to management. Focus on innovations that do not force the firm to depend on other firms' innovations.

Focus on innovations that do not force the firm to depend on other firms' innovations.

Select all of the approaches individual managers and employees can use to reduce barriers to innovation and organizational change. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Forcing compliance with change when necessary Negotiating with other groups as opportunities arise Discouraging most employees from taking an active role in change initiatives

Forcing compliance with change when necessary Negotiating with other groups as opportunities arise

Select all of the ways individual managers can help reduce barriers to innovation and organizational change. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Getting resources and support from senior managers Fostering healthy competition with industry rivals Communicating with and educating employees Encouraging employees to take active roles in organizational change initiatives

Getting resources and support from senior managers Communicating with and educating employees Encouraging employees to take active roles in organizational change initiatives

Why do some companies prefer to imitate rather than innovate? Multiple choice question. Innovation produces larger gains. Imitators avoid much of the investment required for initial innovation. Imitation is more profitable than innovation.

Imitators avoid much of the investment required for initial innovation.

Which of these represents a process innovation? Multiple choice question. Offering a computer with integrated touch-screen functionality Introducing a new video game console to the market Increasing the amount of automation in a toy manufacturing facility

Increasing the amount of automation in a toy manufacturing facility

Select all of the accurate statements regarding innovation and imitation. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. Innovation leads to imitation. The best innovators avoid imitation. Some companies prefer to imitate rather than innovate.

Innovation leads to imitation. Some companies prefer to imitate rather than innovate.

Which of these represents a product innovation? Multiple choice question. Introducing self-driving cars to the market Fully automating a company's manufacturing process Adding a "shop online" option to a company website

Introducing self-driving cars to the market

Which of these is an example of creative destruction? Multiple choice question. Hulu competing with Amazon Prime for movie rentals Netflix taking over an industry once dominated by companies such as Blockbuster Apple making each new version of its iPhone smaller

Netflix taking over an industry once dominated by companies such as Blockbuster

Which of the following statements best describes how non-disclosure agreements and non-compete agreements are different? Multiple choice question. Non-disclosure agreements prohibit someone from sharing certain information, while non-compete agreements prevent someone from working for a competitor. Non-disclosure agreements are short-term in nature, while non-compete agreements focus on the long term. Non-disclosure agreements mean you can't work for a competitor, while non-compete agreements mean you can't create a similar product.

Non-disclosure agreements prohibit someone from sharing certain information, while non-compete agreements prevent someone from working for a competitor.

Which of the following represents a challenge present in the maturity stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Price wars are common, due to increasingly intense competition among dominant players. Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival. Firms must use trial and error to figure out which features of the innovation resonate with customers.

Price wars are common, due to increasingly intense competition among dominant players.

Which of the following represents a challenge present in the maturity stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival. Price wars are common, due to increasingly intense competition among dominant players. Firms must use trial and error to figure out which features of the innovation resonate with customers.

Price wars are common, due to increasingly intense competition among dominant players.

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding process innovations during the shakeout stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Firms focus more on product than process innovations. Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival. Firms are more focused on building demand than they are on process innovations.

Process innovations become critical for the firm's survival.

Which statement accurately describes product innovations during the growth stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Process innovations take precedence over product innovations. Product innovations are uncommon. Product innovations happen at a fast pace.

Product innovations happen at a fast pace.

Which statement accurately describes product innovations during the growth stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Product innovations are uncommon. Process innovations take precedence over product innovations. Product innovations happen at a fast pace.

Product innovations happen at a fast pace.

How are product innovation and process innovation different? Multiple choice question. Product innovations occur when firms do things differently, while process innovations occur when firms offer new products. Product innovations are associated with brand-new products, while process innovations are associated with improving existing products. Product innovations relate to improvements in what the firm offers, while process innovations relate to how the firm carries out its activities.

Product innovations relate to improvements in what the firm offers, while process innovations relate to how the firm carries out its activities.

Which of these is an example of creative destruction? Multiple choice question. Smartphones causing wristwatches to become far less popular Target including Starbucks coffee shops in its stores Walmart venturing into e-commerce

Smartphones causing wristwatches to become far less popular

Why are process innovations less common during the growth stage of the industry life cycle? Multiple choice question. Standards are not yet solidified. Firms must either exit the industry or acquire competitors. Enhancing efficiencies is crucial for survival.

Standards are not yet solidified.

Select all of the true statements regarding the importance of the source of ideas from which innovations originate. Multiple select question. Startups have facilitated the availability of external sources of information. Firms should avoid profiting from others' intellectual property. Firms following a closed approach face "NIH" syndrome.

Startups have facilitated the availability of external sources of information. Firms following a closed approach face "NIH" syndrome.

How does lack of awareness present a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. How to change and how much to change is not clear to decision makers. Firms may be held up by interdependencies with other innovators. The need for change is not on the firm's radar.

The need for change is not on the firm's radar.

Select all of the statements that accurately describe the industry life cycle. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. There are five phases in the industry life cycle. The industry life cycle begins with introduction and ends with decline. In later stages of the industry life cycle, firms often rely for survival on product innovations that make them more efficient. Each stage of the industry life cycle brings different innovation challenges.

There are five phases in the industry life cycle. The industry life cycle begins with introduction and ends with decline. Each stage of the industry life cycle brings different innovation challenges.

Which of the following statements best describes innovation? Multiple choice question. Innovations are rooted in organizational products rather than processes. Innovation is helpful, but not necessary, for most companies to stay relevant in their industries. To innovate means to do something new.

To innovate means to do something new.

Which of these is an example of creative destruction? Multiple choice question. Lyft competing with Uber for ride-share business Tesla making an electric car Toys"R"Us going bankrupt due to Amazon's success

Toys"R"Us going bankrupt due to Amazon's success

When do co-innovation risks present a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. When the need for change is not on the firm's radar When firms are stuck managing by exploitation When firms are held up by interdependencies with other innovators

When firms are held up by interdependencies with other innovators

When can lack of awareness be a barrier to organizational change? Multiple choice question. When firms can't change, because their interdependencies with other innovators hold up their progress When firms don't change, because they are paralyzed by the choices When firms don't change, because they don't realize that they need to change

When firms don't change, because they don't realize that they need to change

In the ______ stage of organizational change in Lewin's model, employees become convinced that change is desirable and are empowered to make adjustments in their own jobs to support the organizational change. Multiple choice question. changing unfreezing refreezing

changing

The planned effort by top management to improve organizational effectiveness and health through surveys, interviews, and interventions in the organization is known as organizational ______. Multiple choice question. benchmarking change development

development

The planned effort by top management to improve organizational effectiveness and health through surveys, interviews, and interventions in the organization is known as organizational ______. Multiple choice question. benchmarking development change

development

Complete the following sentence with the statement that best represents what organizational development specialists do. Organizational development specialists ______. Multiple choice question. work with vendors to create efficiencies for stagnant organizations focus on diagnostics and data rather than behavioral changes diagnose problems and help organizations to make necessary changes

diagnose problems and help organizations to make necessary changes

Sustaining innovations are defined as product innovations that ______. Multiple choice question. are significant innovations that affect markets or companies' ways of doing business emphasize advanced features for demanding customers initially emphasize new markets rather than sophisticated technological features

emphasize advanced features for demanding customers

In the changing stage of organizational change in Lewin's model, ______. Multiple choice question. new actions are reinforced by performance appraisals and rewards in the organization people need to recognize that the status quo is no longer working employees begin to experiment with new behavior and learn the new skills needed to adapt to changes

employees begin to experiment with new behavior and learn the new skills needed to adapt to changes

The source of ideas from which innovations originate is important because ______. Multiple choice question. firms should be open to myriad opportunities to innovate, both internal and external to the firm firms that focus on only external opportunities risk developing "NIH" syndrome there is increasing need to ignore external partnerships and keep the firm's ideas closed off from competitors

firms should be open to myriad opportunities to innovate, both internal and external to the firm

Gains to a firm entering a market before other competitors (including brand recognition, customer loyalty, and access to superior locations) are known as ______. Multiple choice question. imitation sustaining innovations first-mover advantage

first-mover advantage

First-mover advantage is defined as ______. Multiple choice question. product innovations that emphasize advanced features for demanding customers gains to a firm entering a market before other competitors, including brand recognition, customer loyalty, and access to superior locations seeking to obtain the gains from another's innovation for yourself

gains to a firm entering a market before other competitors, including brand recognition, customer loyalty, and access to superior locations

Complete the following sentence with the statement that most accurately describes value innovations. Value innovations ______. Multiple choice question. happen when there is a small series of improvements to an organization's existing products, services, or processes are significant innovations that affect markets or companies' ways of doing business happen when firms engage in either process or product innovations that increase customer value while simultaneously decreasing costs

happen when firms engage in either process or product innovations that increase customer value while simultaneously decreasing costs

Complete the following sentence with the statement that most accurately describes value innovations. Value innovations ______. Multiple choice question. happen when there is a small series of improvements to an organization's existing products, services, or processes happen when firms engage in either process or product innovations that increase customer value while simultaneously decreasing costs are significant innovations that affect markets or companies' ways of doing business

happen when firms engage in either process or product innovations that increase customer value while simultaneously decreasing costs

Process innovation and product innovation both involve ______. Multiple choice question. enhancing existing goods and services refining currently used techniques introducing something new

introducing something new

Complete the following sentence with all of the statements that accurately describe innovation. Innovation ______. (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. involves introducing something new comes in many forms relates to ideas rather than execution affects all parts of the firm

involves introducing something new comes in many forms affects all parts of the firm

The industry life cycle ______. Multiple choice question. represents distinct phases that a firm goes through over time is made up of five phases, each with its own unique innovation challenges begins with growth and ends with shakeout

is made up of five phases, each with its own unique innovation challenges

Significant transformations that organizations undergo to remain or become competitive are known as ______. Multiple choice question. open innovation blue ocean strategy organizational change

organizational change

In the unfreezing stage of organizational change in Lewin's model, ______. Multiple choice question. people need to recognize that the status quo is no longer working employees begin to experiment with new behavior and learn the new skills needed to adapt to changes new actions are reinforced by performance appraisals and rewards in the organization

people need to recognize that the status quo is no longer working

Organizational change is defined as ______. Multiple choice question. pursuing innovation by combining external ideas and technologies with those internal to the firm significant transformations that organizations undergo to remain or become competitive creation of uncontested market space by a company, which makes the competition irrelevant and leads to greater buyer value and reduced costs

significant transformations that organizations undergo to remain or become competitive

Product innovations that emphasize advanced features for demanding customers are known as ______. Multiple choice question. disruptive innovations sustaining innovations incremental innovations

sustaining innovations

In the ______ stage of organizational change in Lewin's model, people become aware of the need for change. Multiple choice question. unfreezing refreezing changing

unfreezing