Marine Science B- Unit 1: The Ocean and Its Populations

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 4B. Provide one example Widder gives to explain this.

A fish can utilize its light to discover its nourishment and draw in a mate. At the point when it isn't utilizing its light it can job its light go into its head. The light it produces assists with its endurance. Some fish can change their lights from blue to red to chase fish that can't distinguish red lights.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) Part 1- Please watch the following video and answer the questions that follow. Stephen Palumbi: Hidden toxins in the fish we eat https://youtu.be/ooAIIeo4AJQ 1. How does Palumbi say ecologists view the pyramid of ocean life? (1 point) A. Ecologists see the flow of life from the base to the top of the pyramid. B. Ecologists see the flow of life from the top of the pyramid to the base. C. Ecologists do not see a flow of life in the pyramid.

A. Ecologists see the flow of life from the base to the top of the pyramid. 1/1 point

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) Part 2 - Please watch the following video and answer the questions that follow. Solutions to Human Impacts/Healthy Oceans https://youtu.be/5eIMSjxsyHc 1. How do invasive species get to the new marine ecosystems that they invade? (1 point) A. Invasive species are transported from one place to another by humans, frequently by way of ships B. Invasive species are transported by natural causes such as migration. C. Invasive species are transported by weather related simulations.

A. Invasive species are transported from one place to another by humans, frequently by way of ships 1/1 point

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 2. Why is this increased underwater pollution an issue for marine life? (select all that apply) (1 point) A. Marine life use sound to find food. B. Marine life use sound to find mates. C. Marine life use sound to stay safe. D. Marine life use sound to communicate. E. Sound pollution can cause behavioral changes to marine life. F. Sound pollution can cause hearing loss to marine life. G. Sound pollution can be fatal to marine life.

A. Marine life use sound to find food. B. Marine life use sound to find mates. C. Marine life use sound to stay safe. D. Marine life use sound to communicate. E. Sound pollution can cause behavioral changes to marine life. F. Sound pollution can cause hearing loss to marine life. G. Sound pollution can be fatal to marine life. 1/1 point

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) Part 2 - Please watch the following video and answer the questions that follow. David Gallo: Underwater astonishments https://youtu.be/YVvn8dpSAt0 1. Gallo spends his short talk examining amazing underwater creatures and pointing out their adaptations. He mentions two squid that are fighting. What part of his description of these squid is an adaptation? (1 point) A. Split coloration. B. Pollination. C. Camouflage. D. Structural.

A. Split coloration.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 13. Only one species benefits in commensalism. (1 point) A. True B. False

A. True

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 7. Parasites can kill their hosts (1 point) A. True B. False

A. True

End of (1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 15. Phytoplankton is the first link in the food chain. (1 point) A. True B. False

A. True 1/1 point The final score is 15/15 (100%). (That is if you put those answers.)

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 2. Most plants live in the sunlight zone because (1 point) A. sunlight is required for photosynthesis. B. most of the sea floor is in the sunlight zone. C. there are fewer consumers in the sunlight zone. D. plants used to live in deeper zones but have adapted.

A. sunlight is required for photosynthesis. 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 6. Most sea life lives in the (1 point) A. sunlight zone B. twilight zone C. midnight zone D. deep zone

A. sunlight zone 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 1. The deep zone of the ocean begins at a depth of 3,300 feet. (1 point) A. True B. False

A. true 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 5. The zones of the ocean are distinguished by their varying levels of all of the following except (1 point) A. water B. oxygen C. sunlight D. water pressure

A. water 1/1 point

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 8. Symbiotic relationships always benefit both species. (1 point) A. True B. False

B. False

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 13. Mutations always have a negative impact on the organism. (1 point) A. True B. False

B. False 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 14. All layers of the ocean have the same amount of oxygen. (1 point) A. True B. False

B. False 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 8. Isaac Newton is best known for his theories of evolution (1 point) A. True B. False

B. False 1/1 point

Part 3 - Please watch the following video and answer the questions that follow. PBS Newshour: Turning down the volume on noise pollution for marine life https://youtu.be/Gf91zD4OMhc (2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 1. What growing problem for marine life in discussed in the video? (1 point) A. Nutrient pollution B. Noise pollution C. Light pollution D. Air pollution E. All of the above F. None of the above

B. Noise pollution 1/1 point

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 5. What are some ways the disrupted flow of the ocean pyramid (caused by pollutants jamming it up) was rectified in the case of Monterey Bay? (select all that apply) (1 point) A. The federal government passed laws regulating factories in the area. B. The creation of community-based protected marine areas. C. Raising public awareness to change thinking. D. Fishing became illegal in the Monterey Bay area for several years.

B. The creation of community-based protected marine areas. C. Raising public awareness to change thinking. 1/1 point

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) Part 1 - Please watch the following video and answer the questions that follow. Edith Widder: Glowing life in an underwater world https://youtu.be/IThAD5yKrgE 1. On her first open-ocean dive in the Santa Barbara Channel, Widder says she dove down to 880 feet and turned off her lights. Explain why she did this. (1 point) A. The reason she turned out the lights was because she did not want to disturb the giant squid. B. The reason she turned out the lights was because she knew she would see the phenomenon of animals making light called bioluminescence. C. The reason she turned out the lights was because she knew she would see the phenomenon of animals making sound called bioauditoriduction. D. The reason she turned out the lights was because she wanted to save the battery life of the submarine.

B. The reason she turned out the lights was because she knew she would see the phenomenon of animals making light called bioluminescence.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 2. Why does it benefit an imperial shrimp to travel on a sea cucumber? (1 point) A. The shrimp feeds on the sea cucumbers as it rides. B. The shrimp could move to a new feeding ground. C. The sea cucumbers is one of the shrimp's predators. D. The sea cucumbers carries parasites that the shrimp eat.

B. The shrimp could move to a new feeding ground.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 11. Symbiotic relationships are beneficial to ecosystems because they (1 point) A. always involve the sharing of food sources B. allow multiple species to survive in the same ecosystem C. allow predator-prey relationships to balance each other out D. are a standard part of marine ecosystems but not those on land

B. allow multiple species to survive in the same ecosystem

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 10. The role of decomposers is to (1 point) A. reject all organic matter. B. break down dead bodies C. produce food for other species D. devour all organisms in an ecosystem

B. break down dead bodies 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 3. All of the following traits are common in deep-sea creatures EXCEPT (1 point) A. large eyes B. dorsal fins C. exceptional size D. exaggerated jaws

B. dorsal fins 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 12. Albinism is an example of a/an (1 point) A. gene B. mutation C. evolution D. adaptation

B. mutation 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 7. Natural selection is often paraphrased as (1 point) A. brawn over brains B. survival of the fittest C. you can't win them all D. what goes around comes around

B. survival of the fittest 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 9. Creatures that are poorly suited to the environment do not generally weaken the entire population because (1 point) A. the population protects its own. B. they often die before they can reproduce. C. all populations have some weak members. D. populations have more weak members than strong ones.

B. they often die before they can reproduce. 1/1 point

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 3. Hurricanes can disrupt water up to how deep? (1 point) A. 50 feet B. 120 feet C. 300 feet D. 475 feet

C. 300 feet

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 11. How many species do marine scientists estimate have not yet been discovered in the ocean? (1 point) A. 100,000-250,000 B. 375,000-1,000,000 C. 500,000-2,000,000 D. 5,000,000-10,000,000

C. 500,000-2,000,000 1/1 point

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 1. The example of birds having different shaped beaks illustrates all of the following EXCEPT (1 point) A. A species can adapt in order to vary its diet. B. Similar species can inhabit the same environment. C. Animals on land are very different from those in the sea. D. Adaptation allows species to compete in the same ecosystem.

C. Animals on land are very different from those in the sea.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 2. What adaptation does Gallo describe when talking about the octopus? (1 point) A. Split coloration. B. Pollination. C. Camouflage. D. Structural.

C. Camouflage.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 3B. What does the Nobel Prize have to do with this? (1 point) A. In 2008, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for work done on a molecule called blue carbon dioxide and it's been equated to the invention of the diving cylinder. B. In 2008, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for work done on a molecule within hydrothermal vents and it's been equated to the discovery of chemosynthesis. C. In 2008, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for work done on a molecule called green fluorescent protein that was isolated from the bioluminescent chemistry of a jellyfish, and it's been equated to the invention of the microscope.

C. In 2008, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for work done on a molecule called green fluorescent protein that was isolated from the bioluminescent chemistry of a jellyfish, and it's been equated to the invention of the microscope.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 5A. Why is Widder dissatisfied with the way we explore the ocean? (1 point) A. Ocean exploration is done mostly by male scientists. B. Ocean exploration is done mostly by graduate assistants instead of research scientists. C. Ocean exploration still depends on hundreds of year-old technology. D. Ocean exploration is only done during warmer months and should be done throughout the year.

C. Ocean exploration still depends on hundreds of year-old technology.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 2. What impacts can invasive species have on marine ecosystems? (1 point) A. Invasive species increase the birth rate of competitor species. B. Invasive species increase the rate of reproduction for other species native to the marine environment. C. Other species in the area may suffer because they are not prepared to deal with the invasive species. D. Other species in the area will thrive due to the presence of an invasive species.

C. Other species in the area may suffer because they are not prepared to deal with the invasive species. 1/1 point

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 2. How does the pyramid of ocean life directly affect human health? (1 point) A. Predators, such as sharks, are attacking humans more in recent years. B. Creatures in the middle of the pyramid are unable to eat species at the base of the pyramid. C. Pollutants are consumed by ocean life, which we then eat.

C. Pollutants are consumed by ocean life, which we then eat. 1/1 point

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 5B. What are the two main ways we learn about what lives in the ocean that she describes in the video? (pick 2) (2 points) A. Webcams. B. Underwater microphones. C. Submersibles and remote-operated vehicles. D. Scuba dives. E. Drag nets behind ships. F. Catch and release.

C. Submersibles and remote-operated vehicles. E. Drag nets behind ships.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 2. If you happen to be on a ship and go to use the bathroom at night without turning on the light, why does Widder explain you might think you are having a "religious experience"? (1 point) A. The toilets on the ship were flushed with non-filtered sea water that often has microorganisms that made you sick. B. The toilets on the ship are flushed with non-filtered sea water that often has large fish swimming in it. C. The toilets on the ship are flushed with non-filtered sea water that often has bioluminescent plankton in it.

C. The toilets on the ship are flushed with non-filtered sea water that often has bioluminescent plankton in it.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 4. Moving is a possible solution to competition under which of the following circumstances? (1 point) A. Food supplies are generally plentiful. B. There are few predators in the region. C. There is a similar environment nearby. D. A species is the only one occupying a particular niche.

C. There is a similar environment nearby.

End of (2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 15. A generalist predator does which of the following? (1 point) A. has no natural predators B. can live in any ecosystem C. feeds on many different kinds of prey. D. depends exclusively in a single food source

C. feeds on many different kinds of prey.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 9. The Hematodinium parasite becomes less of a problem for the blue crab when (1 point) A. the crab is very young. B. fishing is thriving in the region. C. the crab moves to less salty water. D. a significant percentage of the population is impacted.

C. the crab moves to less salty water.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 4. What is nutrient pollution caused by? (1 point) A. Fertilizers B. Sewage waste C. Pet waste D. All of the above E. None of the above

D. All of the above 1/1 point

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 4. What makes bioluminescence an important factor of survival for so many animals? (1 point) A. Light is an important factor that contributes to finding food. B. Light is an important factor that contributes to attracting a mate. C. Light is an important factor that contributes to avoid being eaten by predators. D. All of the above. E. None of the above.

D. All of the above.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 3. What are some solutions that can help to reduce noise pollution caused by things such as pile-driving? (select all that apply) (1 point) A. Double-walled pile B. Backed tubing C. Reducing carbon rod D. Bubble curtains

D. Bubble curtains 1/1 point

(1.4) Unit 1 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 4. What does a high population density indicate? (1 point) A. The area is being overfished. B. The species is likely to face extinction. C. There is no other place for that species to live. D. Food supply is high and the number of predators low.

D. Food supply is high and the number of predators low. 1/1 point

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 14. How does overpopulation harm a species? (1 point) A. Overpopulation often results in total extinction of a species. B. Overpopulation of one species make all other species unable to survive. C. There are few options for reproduction when overpopulation is an issue. D. There will not be enough resources in the environment to support the population.

D. There will not be enough resources in the environment to support the population.

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 12. A population cycle is (1 point) A. how many of a species are in the population B. a very rare event that is difficult to document C. the result of varying temperatures in the ocean D. a predictable increase and decrease in population

D. a predictable increase and decrease in population

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 10. Interference is competition (1 point) A. among apex predators B. among members of the same species C. among all animals in the ecosystem D. among different species

D. among different species

(2.5) Unit 2 Quiz- Quiz (1-15) 6. If an apex predator enters an ecosystem, which level of the food pyramid will benefit? (1 point) A. the one above the apex predator B. the one below the apex predator C. the lowest level of the food pyramid D. the one below the apex predator's prey

D. the one below the apex predator's prey

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 4. What are some of the possible side effects that occur when the pyramid becomes blocked. (1 point) A. Red tides B. Neurological damage C. Blooms of bacteria D. Blooms of viruses in the ocean E. All of the above F. None of the above

E. All of the above 1/1 point

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 3A. Why are most people who are studying bioluminescence today focused mainly on the chemistry behind it? (1 point) A. The chemicals are valuable for developing antibacterial agents. B. The chemicals are valuable for cancer fighting drugs. C. The chemicals are valuable for testing for the presences for life on mars. D. The chemicals are valuable for detecting pollutants. E. All of the above. F. None of the above.

E. All of the above.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 3. Gallo mentions several things that sea creatures use bioluminescence for that were also mentioned by Widder in the previous video. Describe the similarities and differences between the two talks.

Gallo talks more on how ocean animals can utilize cover and shading parting as a guard instrument and an approach to chase. Widder spoke progressively about the lights ocean animals emitted as a barrier system and an approach to chase. Both supporting the keys the ocean animals use to endure utilizing bioluminescence.

(1.2) Unit 1 Lab Questions (Portfolio) ( 1-8, 1-4) 4.Given the various ways underwater creatures use bioluminescence, discuss which you think would be most useful and why?

I feel like the cover would be the most valuable since, octopus can adjust to numerous hues and surfaces to get prey and avoid predators. Out and out supporting its reality and help it endure. All of them are correct. (The whole portfolio is correct).

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 3. What is a "Marine Protected Area," or MPA? What is its purpose? How can MPAs differ?

Marine ensured territories, or MPAs, can secure parts of the sea for fish, fowls, different creatures, and even people. Some are set up and run by nations, others by states, and some are even ensured by nearby networks. It varies by area. In certain spots, you can't swim or fish by any stretch of the imagination. Others are increasingly open to angling and even ecotourism.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 4. What are some of the drawbacks of these solutions?

One of the main ways to reduce noise pollution with pile driving has been through the use of bubble curtains. They are large rings that surround the pile, and the bubbles that are pumped out reduce the sound waves. Sometimes, though, it doesn't reduce sound waves as much. However, they can also cause construction delays. There are also double-walled piles. You take an ordinary pile and put another pile inside of it. Then, there's an air space in between that the water cannot get to. So now, they would strike the inside pile. So, essentially no sound or very little sound is developed. There is a drawback though, the cost. The double-walled piles are about 20% more than a standard single pile. However, those costs should be mitigated by the effectiveness of the technology. All of them are correct. (The whole portfolio is correct).

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 3. Explain what happened with whale meat in Tokyo. How and why did Palumbi help rectify the situation?

Palumbi went out and purchased "whale meat: in Tokyo. He hereditarily tried them to check whether they were truly whale meat. Some were genuine whale meat, some were illicit whale meat, and others were dolphin meat. Those dolphin parts had an immense heap of PCBs, dioxins and substantial metals. Thus, that tremendous burden was going into the individuals that ate this meat. Thus, Palumbi sent an exceptionally well mannered letter to the Minister of Health in Japan called attention to this is terrible and how dangerous this was. Presently, it's exceptionally hard to purchase anything in Japan that is marked mistakenly.

(2.2) Unit 2 Lab Questions- Portfolio (1-5, 1-5, 1-4) 5. What do you think is meant by the saying "think globally, act locally"? How does it apply to the issues you learned about in this video?

To have any kind of effect all-inclusive, it begins with locally. For instance, by getting refuse in your neighborhood, that could impact others in the network to tidy up their zone. Thusly, the earth will be a vastly improved spot... for everybody. Likewise, in the event that we demonstration locally to not import intrusive species, at that point, the pyramid of the environment will remain the equivalent here as well as where the obtrusive species originated from.