Marketing Test #3 Questions

The document that states the price and the amount of a good or service that the buyer has agreed to purchase is called a(n): a)Quote b)Purchase order c)Request for bids d)Request for proposals e)Proposal

b)Purchase order

The measure of the amount of traffic referred to a site through search engines, affiliate programs, and display advertising is called: a)Page views b)Viral marketing c)Referral traffic d)Owned media e)Organic media

c)Referral traffic

Due to the high visibility of advertising, it is a very credible source of information for most consumers. T/F

False

Non-traditional retail channels are growing at a slow pace compared to traditional, physical store locations, since they are generally more expensive to operate. T/F

False

Public relations includes all techniques involving contacting and influencing prospects using such means as telemarketing, mail, and email. T/F

False

Since the business-to-business market is smaller and more personal than the business-to-consumer market, B2B buyers rarely utilize online information sources, such as search engines and social media, when gathering information about a potential supplier. T/F

False

Since the percentage of shoppers who use mobile devices for viewing websites is still relatively low, optimizing a website for mobile platforms is not imperative as long as the site functions well from a desktop computer. T/F

False

The B2B buying process happens at a faster pace than the B2C buying process. T/F

False

The B2B buying process only applies to buyers for businesses in for-profit industries. T/F

False

The majority of retail sales today take place online rather than in physical stores. T/F

False

When Victoria's Secret posted a new product photo on Instagram, they received 25,000 likes. This number represents the conversion rate for this social media post. T/F

False

A company's website often serves as a digital brochure and a virtual storefront for the firm. T/F

True

A traditional brick-and-mortar store can chose an independent store, planned shopping center or unplanned shopping district for its physical store location. T/F

True

Any point of contact between a buyer and a seller is a brand "touch point". T/F

True

Companies focused on the business-to-business market identify other companies who will use their products to create their own products, to operate their own business, or to resell to other customers. T/F

True

Rejection is an inevitable part of making initial contacts with potential customers. T/F

True

The B2B buying process is more formal than the B2C buying process. T/F

True

The easiest form of advertising to track and measure is online digital advertising. T/F

True

The elements of the promotional mix that an advertiser can use to communicate with a customer include advertising, public relations, professional selling, sales promotions, direct marketing, and online/digital marketing. T/F

True

The majority of consumers' time spent online with retailers takes place on their mobile devices. T/F

True

The most common objection heard during the sales process is price. T/F

True

Traditional forms of media, such as newspapers, radio and television have declined in use in recent years as more unusual forms of media have been created to break through clutter and offer advertisers a more cost effective, and sometimes more measurable, way to promote their brands. T/F

True

Twitter is an example of a microblog that provides short online journals that are pushed out to subscribers. T/F

True

When Elizabeth was asked to develop a promotional budget for the year, she planned out every marketing activity, researched the cost involved for each, and added it up to determine a total budget that would be needed to implement new marketing initiatives for the upcoming year. She submitted it to her supervisor for final approval before implementing the plan. This is an example of a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, approach to budgeting. a)Bottom up b)Top down c)Competitive parity d)Percentage of sales e)Status quo

a)Bottom up

Manufacturer's Sales Representatives: a)Connect buyers and sellers and represent the seller in the sales process in exchange for a commission b)Are responsible only for cold calling activities in the prospecting stage of the sales process c)Are a unique type of sales representative that do not sell the product but rather encourage people who influence a buying decision to recommend it d)Are business-to-consumer salespeople who deal with end users of the product e)Work internally to field inbound telemarketing calls from customers wishing to place a repeat order

a)Connect buyers and sellers and represent the seller in the sales process in exchange for a commission

_____________, fill in the blank, is a system of computing the cost of production or of running a business by allocating expenditures to various stages of production or to different operations of a firm. a)Costing b)Proposal development c)A buying center d)Just-in-time e)Wholesaling

a)Costing

FAO Schwarz is unique children's toy store where customers can play with toys in each department prior to purchasing them, can step on an oversized piano, can walk through elaborate Lego castles, and can meet characters from their favorite cartoons during their visit. Families typically visit the store together and stay for several hours to get the complete experience. The store can best be described as a: a)Destination store b)Omnichannel store c)Direct distribution channel d)Pop-up store e)Parasite store

a)Destination store

Online exposure received on forums, rating/review sites, and consumer-generated viral marketing are considered to be: a)Earned/organic media b)Paid media c)Owned media d)Traditional media e)Support media

a)Earned/organic media

Jennifer Lopez and Marc Anthony have established fashion lines developed for and sold only through Kohl's department stores nationwide. Kohl's secured these lines to attract a particular market segment and build loyalty to these product lines, which will ultimately generate repeat traffic to the store since these brands cannot be purchased elsewhere. Their distribution arrangement can best be described as: a)Exclusive distribution b)Selective distribution c)Intensive distribution d)Omnichannel retailing e)Non-traditional retailing

a)Exclusive distribution

Personal selling is the most expensive form of communication in marketing, costing more to reach each individual customer than other forms of advertising and promotions. However, the unique advantage personal selling provides is: a)Flexibility and control b)Efficiency c)Ability to reach mass audiences d)Strong branding

a)Flexibility and control

When a commercial for men's razor blades demonstrate how the blades work to create the closest shave, the brand is using a _____________, fill in the blank, creative appeal to get the customer's attention. a)Informational b)Fear c)Irrational d)Emotional e)Humor

a)Informational

The two broad categories of expenses related to advertising are: a)Media buying and production expenses b)Publicity and production expenses c)Promotional product marketing and sponsorships d)Media buying and account planning expenses e)Planning and implementation expenses

a)Media buying and production expenses

The riskiest and most time intensive type of decision for the buyer is the _____________, fill in the blank,. a)New purchase b)Modified rebuy c)Adaptive selling d)Straight rebuy e)Request for bids

a)New purchase

Manufacturers/producers are buyers who: a)Purchase component parts and raw materials that will be used to create finished products b)Resell the product c)Have unique buying centers, purchase processes, and needs compared to for-profit companies d)Represent the seller in a marketing exchange for a commission of the sale e)Agents/brokers in a sales transaction

a)Purchase component parts and raw materials that will be used to create finished products

The document that states the amount and price of a good or service that a company is willing to sell is called a(n): a)Quote b)Purchase order c)Request for bids d)Request for proposals e)Sales presentation

a)Quote

The salesperson for the local radio station WOMX states that their listening audience is made up of 120,000 people in the coverage area. This number can also be referred to as the station's: a)Reach b)Frequency c)Viewership d)Circulation e)Rating

a)Reach

The idea that meeting a customer's expectations will lead to trust, which will lead to long term satisfaction and loyalty, can be identified as the concept of: a)Relationship selling b)Consultative selling c)Adaptive selling d)Business-to-business sales e)Missionary sales

a)Relationship selling

The percentage of customers who click on an ad or link of interest to them is called: a)The click through rate b)A hit c)A pageview d)The conversion rate e)The CPM

a)The click through rate

Genesis Worldwide, Inc. purchases fragrances and cosmetics in bulk from major European manufacturers and resells them in smaller quantities to beauty store retailers throughout the Caribbean and Latin America. Genesis Worldwide, Inc. is acting as a _____________, fill in the blank, in the channel of distribution. a)Wholesaler b)Retailer c)Agent d)Franchisor e)Parasite retailer

a)Wholesaler

The Chief Marketing Officer of the Kimberly-Clark Company will be using a percentage of sales method to set the advertising budget for the year. Historically, the company uses 7% of sales for promoting their brand of toilet paper each year. Based on market data, the company estimates to achieve $2.8 million dollars in sales this coming year. What will their budget be for promoting the brand? a)$19,600 b)$196,000 c)$400,000 d)$1,960,000 e)$2,604,000

b)$196,000

A website retailing children's clothing received 100,000 page views last month and 42,000 unique users. 13,000 orders were placed. What is the conversion rate for the site? a)13% b)31% c)42% d)323% e)The conversion rate cannot be determined

b)31%

Characteristics of an effective website include all of the following EXCEPT: a)Aesthetically pleasing design b)A place for users to interact with each other c)Intuitive navigation d)A clear purpose e)Current and well-written content

b)A place for users to interact with each other

Richard has been in sales for several years and has learned that customers are unique. Different customers respond differently to different sales presentations. He often asks probing questions and listens for clues that will allow him to modify his presentation during the sales calls so that it is more effective at gaining a client's attention. He is using: a)The benefits approach b)Adaptive selling c)Relationship marketing d)Marketing research e)Hunting and gathering

b)Adaptive selling

E-commerce is growing at a rapid pace in today's marketplace for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT: a)Consumer demand for accessibility to retailers at times and locations that are convenient for them b)Consumer confidence in the protection of their privacy and security of their financial information c)Low barriers to entry and low overhead costs, allowing companies to easily create an online storefront d)The ability to track purchases and offer selections and promotions tailored to the taste of each individual customer

b)Consumer confidence in the protection of their privacy and security of their financial information

Business-to-business marketing involves buying and selling goods or services by all of the following except: a)Manufacturers b)Consumers c)Retailers d)Producers e)Wholesalers

b)Consumers

For traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, such as grocery stores and gas stations, the most fundamental decision in their distribution strategy is: a)Product assortment b)Convenient locations c)Offering discounts to customers d)Gaining exclusive rights to distribute the products they sell e)Private-label merchandise

b)Convenient locations

Mr. Smith employs a team of sales representatives whose primary task is to answer calls from prospective and current customers who have received their company catalog and are interested in making a purchase. He compensates his team using a competitive hourly rate, and he is able to keep costs low since these salespeople do not meet with clients and therefore have no expense account for travel, meals, etc. His salespeople are most likely: a)Field sales representatives b)Inside sales representatives c)Missionary sales representatives d)Manufacturer's sales representatives e)Sales managers

b)Inside sales representatives

Maria's current vendor has announced an across-the-board rate increase that will increase the cost of doing business with this vendor by 10%. She cannot afford to pay the increase as it will cut too deeply into her profit margin, so she has two choices: buy less from the current vendor or look for a new vendor to supply a similar product at a more competitive price point. Either way, she will engage in a _____________, fill in the blank, buying situation. a)Straight rebuy b)Modified rebuy c)New purchase d)Business-to-consumer e)Retailing

b)Modified rebuy

The purpose of a company's website may include all of the following EXCEPT: a)Build a brand and create an image b)Provide a credible source of unbiased information c)E-commerce / sales d)Information and communication with an audience e)Engagement and entertainment functions

b)Provide a credible source of unbiased information

After Richard provided a brief demonstration of how the product worked and responded to all questions from the buyer, he proceeded to obtain commitment from the buyer by asking for the company's business. During this stage of the sales process, the buyer provided a signed _____________, fill in the blank, acknowledging acceptance of the terms of the offer so that the order could be delivered to meet the buyer's deadlines. a)Quote b)Purchase order c)Request for proposals d)Bid e)Needs analysis

b)Purchase order

Once a salesperson has identified leads, he/she next must engage in the process of _____________, fill in the blank, in order to establish whether the lead has the authority, resources and willingness to buy. a)Identifying b)Qualifying c)Mentoring d)Closing

b)Qualifying

Ron Jon's Surf Shop has 36,400 followers on their Facebook page. This is a measure of the page's: a)Interactions b)Reach c)Conversion rate d)Page views e)Referral traffic

b)Reach

The buyer at a major paper plant is in need of new machinery to replace outdated technology. They have issued a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, to the manufacturers of this type of machinery to help them find the best product at the best price. a)Quote b)Request for proposal c)Purchase order d)Demonstration e)Commitment request

b)Request for proposal

_____________, fill in the blank, is defined as all activities directly related to the sale of goods and services to the ultimate consumer for personal, nonbusiness use or consumption. a)Wholesaling b)Retailing c)Business d)Franchising e)Distribution

b)Retailing

Sandra is in the market for a new PC computer. She plans to go online to Dell's website, visit her local Best Buy and Walmart store locations, and even see if she can find options on Amazon.com. She is able to shop around for the best product and price to meet her needs, since most computer manufacturers use a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, distribution intensity when bringing a product to market. a)Intensive b)Selective c)Exclusive d)Short e)Long

b)Selective

The benefit of a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, is the degree of control the company has over the message a salesperson provides to a prospect. a)Advertising campaign b)Standardized presentation c)Outlined presentation d)Adaptive selling technique e)Customized presentation

b)Standardized presentation

A local radio commercial costs $600 and reaches an estimated 10,250 listeners. A local cable commercial costs $1000 and reaches an estimated 18,500 viewers. Which medium provides the lowest CPM? a)The radio commercial b)The cable commercial c)The radio and cable commercials have the same CPM d)The CPM cannot be calculated given the limited information provided e)None of the above

b)The cable commercial

When buying media, there is always a tradeoff between: a)The quality of the medium and the frequency at which people are exposed to the ad b)The cost of the ad placement and the number of people exposed to the message c)Control and cost d)Ability to track the medium and the cost of the ad placement e)Credibility and cost

b)The cost of the ad placement and the number of people exposed to the message

Closing is the point in the sales presentation when: a)The client shuts the door behind a sales representative once he leaves the office b)The seller obtains commitment from a buyer and finalizes the details of the sale c)The seller closes his laptop for dramatic effect in order to build curiosity d)The seller wraps up the sales presentation and asks the buyer if he/she has any questions e)The seller finishes asking questions in order to identify the buyer's needs

b)The seller obtains commitment from a buyer and finalizes the details of the sale

In order to compare the efficiencies of media, Derek calculates the CPM for each. For Golf Digest, the circulation is 500,000 and the cost for a full page ad is $40,000. The CPM for Golf Digest is: a)$.08 b)$12.50 c)$80.00 d)$1,250.00 e)$8,000.00

c)$80.00

Each week on Monday morning, Claire pours through her website's statistics to track the effectiveness of their online campaigns. This Monday, she notices that although 3,500 unique users came to the site, they experienced a bounce rate of 30%. How many users left the site after landing on one page of the site? a)105 b)245 c)1,050 d)2,450 e)70%

c)1,050

A new microbrewery is impressed that they are receiving 40,000 page views a month on their website. Upon closer inspection of the site statistics, they notice that each unique user views 10 pages on average before leaving the site. How many unique users does the site attract per month? a)10 b)400 c)4,000 d)40,000 e)400,000

c)4,000

As Misty designed the banner ad that would be used for their paid online media buy, she decided to promote the company's special discount currently being offered to online users. The ad simply invited customers to "click here for 25% off and free shipping," at which point the user was redirected to her company's website. Once implemented, she found the campaign to yield a much better click through rate than a typical online banner campaign. It was likely due to: a)The referral traffic of competing websites b)The bounce rate of the website c)A good "call to action" d)Viral marketing e)Organic media

c)A good "call to action"

Missionary salespeople: a)Connect buyers and sellers and represent the seller in the sales process in exchange for a commission b)Are responsible for cold calling activities in the prospecting stage of the sales process c)Are a unique type of sales representative that do not sell the product but rather encourage people who influence a buying decision to recommend it d)Are business-to-consumer salespeople who deal with end users of the product e)Are salespeople who only deal with non-profit organizations

c)Are a unique type of sales representative that do not sell the product but rather encourage people who influence a buying decision to recommend it

Compared to business-to-consumer transactions, business-to-business transactions: a)Are more successful b)Are relationship driven c)Are much higher in volume d)Require less of an investment of time by salespeople e)Are easier to close

c)Are much higher in volume

When the ABC Corporation first opened their doors for business, they had no idea how much to allocate to promotional expenditures. They decided that if they wanted to be as successful as their leading competitors, they needed to invest in the brand to the same level. After tracking the marketing tactics of the competition, they were able to estimate the costs and develop a realistic budget that the marketing director was able to spend throughout the year to achieve their communications goals. This is an example of a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, approach to budgeting. a)Bottom up b)Gut feeling c)Competitive parity d)Percentage of sales e)Status quo

c)Competitive parity

A sales practitioner whose job consists primarily of bringing in new clients by making sales calls on customers at the customer's place of business is involved in: a)Inside sales b)Retail selling c)Field selling d)Missionary sales e)Consultative selling

c)Field selling

Coordinating all of a firm's promotional activities and media to produce a consistent, customer-focused message is known as a)Customer-centric marketing b)The marketing exchange c)Integrated marketing communications d)Non-traditional marketing e)The promotions puzzle

c)Integrated marketing communications

Sephora is a large cosmetic retailer offering customers the opportunity to shop in their independently operated stores, smaller leased stores within major department stores, online on their website, through a mobile app and through their catalog. This is a prime example of: a)Wholesaling b)Franchising c)Omnichannel distribution d)Pop shops e)Parasite stores

c)Omnichannel distribution

The measure of the number of individual pages that users click on during a given period of time is known as the number of: a)Conversions b)Unique users c)Page views d)Interactions e)Bounces

c)Page views

New to You is a small resale shop located in a busy shopping center between Old Navy and Pet Supermarket. They hope to attract guests who may be shopping in the center at some of the larger stores and see the beautiful window displays and signage of their store. New to You can be classified as a(n): a)Wholesaler b)Destination store c)Parasite store d)Franchise e)Pop up store

c)Parasite store

The Target Corporation markets its own brands of merchandise, called Market Pantry and Up & Up, which include hundreds of consumer packaged goods products available only in Target retail stores. This is an example of: a)Generic products b)Wholesaling c)Private label branding d)Intensive distribution e)Parasite store distribution

c)Private label branding

Owned media: a)Are the media controlled by the consumer b)Refers to a media channel that the company dominates compared to the competition, through positive reviews, etc. c)Refers to a media channel that the company controls, such as a corporate website, giving it a way to interact extensively with its customer base d)Traditional forms of media, such as television and radio, that are owned by large corporations, such as ABC, Fox, CNN, and Clear Channel e)None of the above

c)Refers to a media channel that the company controls, such as a corporate website, giving it a way to interact extensively with its customer base

When a potential customer expresses concerns during a sales presentation, or reasons why they do not wish to buy, the salesperson needs to move to the step in the sales process known as: a)Active listening b)Conflict resolution c)Responding to objections d)The rebuttal period e)Obtaining commitment

c)Responding to objections

As a bartender of a local restaurant, you ask if a customer would like top shelf liquor, like Grey Goose, in his martini, instead of the standard brand. This is a form of: a)Add-on selling b)Suggestive retailing c)Selling up d)Psychological selling e)Subliminal perception

c)Selling up

All of the following are advantages associated with advertising, EXCEPT: a)The advertiser can control the message b)The cost to reach each individual customer can be very low c)Mass audiences can be reached through widely used media d)Ability for the consumer to give immediate feedback through two-way communication e)Advertisers can target a particular market utilizing specific media choices

d)Ability for the consumer to give immediate feedback through two-way communication

A lead is converted into a prospect once the seller establishes: a)Buying authority b)Financial capability c)Willingness to buy d)All of the above e)None of the above

d)All of the above

Triple Net (NNN) leases are often quoted to businesses BUT DO NOT include: a)Real estate taxes b)Building insurance c)Maintenance d)All of the above

d)All of the above

Public Relations is: a)The most persuasive promotional tool b)Easy to measure the effectiveness of c)The media's portrayal of news related to brands and companies d)Any activity designed to create and maintain goodwill toward an organization e)Designed to impact immediate sales

d)Any activity designed to create and maintain goodwill toward an organization

If a buyer is in a new buy situation, the seller will need to collaborate extensively with _____________, fill in the blank, to make sure that the proposal includes the most detailed and accurate information possible. a)The seller's internal production team for information regarding capacity and costing b)The seller's internal financial and accounting departments to determine the terms of sale and possible trade discounts c)Salespeople from competitive firms who can provide insight into what the final selling price should be d)Both A & B e)All of the above

d)Both A & B

When baby products (such as formula, diapers and bottles) portray a smiling, happy baby in the visual of the advertisement rather than the product features, they are utilizing a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, creative appeal to get the customer's attention. a)Informational b)Rational c)Irrational d)Emotional e)Indirect

d)Emotional

The chance of obtaining a straight rebuy from a buyer increases if the salesperson has: a)Created a strong working relationship with the internal team in his/her company b)Followed up with the buyer on a daily basis to ensure their satisfaction c)Obtained referrals from a current customer d)Established an effective relationship with the buyer, based on good communication and providing value e)Created a lengthy list of prospects

d)Established an effective relationship with the buyer, based on good communication and providing value

Post-sale activities employed by salespeople that are critical to strengthening customer relationships are known as: a)Handling objections b)Obtaining commitment c)Consultative selling d)Follow-up activities e)Post-presentation feedback

d)Follow-up activities

Major corporations within the travel industry, such as Expedia, Marriott and Trip Advisor, have realized the growing importance of _____________, fill in the blank, and now offer consumers the option of purchasing directly from their cellular phone by installing the company's app. a)E-commerce b)Retailing c)Selective distribution d)M-commerce e)Exclusive distribution

d)M-commerce

Similar to the consumer decision making process, the B2B buying process begins with the _____________, fill in the blank, step and ends with _____________, fill in the blank,. a)Need recognition; Purchase b)Need recognition; Follow up c)Request for bids; Purchase order d)Need recognition; Post purchase evaluation e)Prospecting; Follow up activities

d)Need recognition; Post purchase evaluation

Before launching into his sales presentation, John conducted a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, so that he could customize his presentation to this specific prospect. a)Referral initiative b)Qualification process c)Demonstration d)Needs analysis e)Interrogation

d)Needs analysis

It is common during certain holiday seasons, such as Halloween and Christmas, to see small stores utilize unoccupied space within shopping centers to sell holiday merchandise temporarily, while demand is high. Due to the seasonality of these products, the business cannot sustain the high cost to operate the store throughout the year, so they opt for the following store format: a)Destination store b)Franchise c)Independent store d)Pop-up store e)Parasite store

d)Pop-up store

The stage in the sales process in which the salesperson discusses a product feature, links it with the product benefit and then ties it back into an identified customer need is the: a)Approach b)Qualification process c)Demonstration d)Presentation e)Trial close

d)Presentation

An interactive platform where content is created, distributed, and shared by individuals on the web is called: a)A review site b)Bookmarking c)A portal d)Social media

d)Social media

If a B2B customer is satisfied with an existing supplier, it will probably engage in a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, to purchase additional quantities of the item. a)New purchase b)Modified rebuy c)Adaptive selling d)Straight rebuy e)Request for bids

d)Straight rebuy

When a customer comes into Best Buy to purchase a cellular phone, the sales staff reminds him that he should also consider buying a charger for his car as well as a protective carrying case for the device. This is an example of: a)Cross selling b)Upselling c)Bait and switch d)Suggestive selling e)Psychological retailing

d)Suggestive selling

Why is it important for a website to be easy to navigate? a)It costs less to create a website that is easy to navigate b)Customers want relevant and timely information c)To ensure that customers understand the site's purpose d)To reduce frustration and allow users to easily find what they are looking for e)To help the site appear first in search results

d)To reduce frustration and allow users to easily find what they are looking for

When customers become a company's brand advocate, they often voluntarily market the company on their own by telling their friends about it, usually on social media sites. This is called: a)Owned media b)Social networking c)Referral traffic d)Viral marketing e)Paid media

d)Viral marketing

Traditional brick-and-mortar retailers may evaluate a possible store location based on: a)The amount of pedestrian or vehicular traffic b)Zoning and legal restrictions c)Presence of competitors d)Accessibility to their target market e)All of the above

e)All of the above

Which of the following circumstances might lead to a modified rebuy instead of a straight rebuy? a)Dissatisfaction with the performance of the current supplier b)Changing quality levels needed in the product or service c)A price increase from the vendor requiring negotiations d)A change in the required performance features e)All of the above

e)All of the above

When users save and organize links to online resources, they are using the type of social media commonly referred to as a: a)Social network b)Media sharing community c)Blog d)Forum e)Bookmarking site

e)Bookmarking site

A marketing channel in which the producer/manufacturer sells to consumers with no intermediaries involved is called a(n): a)Long distribution channel b)Intensive distribution channel c)Vertical marketing system d)Reverse channel e)Direct channel

e)Direct channel

Bottled water is sold in grocery stores, service stations, convenience stores, drugstores, discount stores, and vending machines. This is an example of a(n) _____________, fill in the blank, distribution strategy. a)Exclusive b)Vertical c)Selective d)Horizontal e)Intensive

e)Intensive

The first step in the sales process is: a)Approaching the potential customer b)Presenting the product or service c)Demonstrating the product d)Detailing the sale e)Prospecting for potential customers

e)Prospecting for potential customers

All of the following are disadvantages associated with advertising, EXCEPT: a)Low credibility b)Inability to tailor messages on an individual level c)One way communication, which prevents consumers from providing immediate feedback d)High absolute costs e)The advertiser has little control over the timing of the message

e)The advertiser has little control over the timing of the message