Marriage & Family Chapter 1

A woman who has more than one husband is practicing a. polygamy. b. polygyny. c. polyandry. d. monogamy.

C

Since 1970, the percentage of single-parent households as a percentage of all households

Has gone up

Julie and Rick are married. Julie is Asian and Rick is African American. Their marriage is a. exogamous. b. endogamous. c. incestuous. d. bigamous.

A

Kelly and Anthony have just married and moved in with Anthony's parents. This residency patterns is called a. patrilocal. b. matrilocal. c. neolocal. d. bilocal.

A

A household made up of a married parents and their biological or adopted children is called a(n) a. nuclear family. b. extended family. c. family of origin. d. dual earner household.

A

According to the text, people who have the "nostalgia bug" aren't aware of several facts, including a. teenage pregnancy rates were higher in the 1950s than they are today. b. people have been talking about and writing about child abuse and domestic violence since the early 1900s. c. parents spend less time with their children today than in the past. d. most marriages were happier in the past than they are today.

A

Marriages in which either the husband or the wife has two or more spouses is called a. polygamy. b. polygyny. c. polyandry. d. monogamy.

A

Between 1900 and 1950, the percentage of single-person households a. stayed the same. b. decreased dramatically. c. increased dramatically. d. was largely unknown.

C

Between 1960 and 2000, the proportion of children living with a never-married parent a. decreased. b. stayed the same. c. increased. d. could not be measured.

C

The family form which consists of parents and children, as well as other kin such as uncles, aunts, nieces and nephews, cousins, and grandparents is called the a. nuclear family. b. family of procreation. c. family of orientation. d. extended family.

D

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why it is important to have a cross-cultural and global perspective when understanding the family? a. The U.S. today is a mosaic of many cultural, religious, ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic groups. b. The world is shrinking and thus we are more likely to come into contact with family practices and customs in other cultures. c. U.S. businesses recognize the importance of understanding other societies. d. Understanding the customs of other countries supports our ideas that U.S. family forms are the norm.

D

Cultural norms and laws which forbid sexual intercourse between close blood relatives are called a. exogamy rules. b. incest taboos. c. endogamy rules. d. initiation rites.

B

Family myths about what is "natural" include the belief that a. married couples must be everything to each other. b. people should get married and have children. c. families should be self-sufficient. d. families are safe places.

B

Generally the requirements for establishing a common-law marriage include all of the following EXCEPT a. living together for a significant period of time. b. getting blood tests. c. presenting oneself as part of a married couple. d. intending to marry.

B

Laws about when and whom we marry are an example of a. social movements.​ b. family policies. ​​ c. economic shifts. d. technological innovations.

B

Part of the increase in one-parent families is due to a. couples cohabitating rather than marrying. b. the surge in births to unmarried women. c. the decline in remarriage after divorce. d. the decline in the number of children under 18.

B

Some social scientists argue that, despite myriad problems, families are happier today than in the past because a. people are usually happier in remarriages than first marriages. b. there has been an increase in multigenerational relationships. c. the minimum wage is now adequate to raise a family. d. adult children are not expected to live with their parents.

B

Supplying material resources for the family, such as food, shelter, and clothing, is part of the family's __________ function. a. socialization b. economic security. c. emotional support d. procreation

B

The family form that is most common in much of the world is the a. nuclear family. b. extended family. c. family of procreation. d. blended family.

B

The process by which children acquire the language, the accumulated knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and values of its society and culture and learn the social and interpersonal skills needed to function effectively in society is called a. emotional support. b. socialization. c. rationalization d. social placement

B

To study people's choices, social scientists often take a(n) __________, focusing on individual's social interactions in specific settings. a. macro-level perspective b. micro-level perspective c. global perspective d. objective perspective

B

What types of marriages are especially likely to end in divorce? a. first marriages of women over 30 b. marriages entered into because the woman became pregnant c. marriages in which the couple had children d. marriages where the husband is younger than the wife

B

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning nonfamily households in the U.S.? a. the percentage of nonfamily households has decreased since 1970 b. the percentage of nonfamily households has increased since 1970 c. the percentage of nonfamily households has stayed the same since 1970 d. the percentage of nonfamily households in the U.S. is greater than the percentage of family households

B

The traditional definition of the "family" has included all of the following characteristics except

Being emotionally committed to one another

According to Charles Horton Cooley, groups that are characterized by close, long-lasting, intimate, and fact-to-face interactions are called a. secondary groups. b. families. c. primary groups. d. teammates.

C

According to several national surveys examining the value we place on marriage and the family, a. Americans rank their family as less important to them than work or religion. b. few high school seniors say that having a good marriage and family are extremely important. c. the majority of first-year college students say that raising a family is "very important" in their lives. d. most "millennial" teens (those born after 1982) say they do not trust or feel close to their parents.

C

Bigamy occurs when a. a married partner is unfaithful to his or her spouse. b. people have children without being married. c. a person marries a second person while a first marriage is still legal. d. people live together without being married.

C

Jamal and Tanya have just married and moved into an apartment of their own to live by themselves as a couple. This residency pattern is called a. patrilocal. b. matrilocal. c. neolocal. d. bilocal.

C

Nonrelatives who are accepted as part of the family are known as a. social kin. b. temporary kin. c. fictive kin. d. associative kin.

C

Of mothers with children under 6 years of age, __________ are in the labor force. a. very few b. a minority c. a majority d. an unknown number

C

The "empty-nest syndrome" refers to a. living by oneself after a divorce. b. childless couples. c. the departure of grown children from the home. d. the rise of one-parent families

C

To study constraints that limit individuals' options, focusing on large-scale patterns that characterize society as a whole, social scientists take a(n) a. objective perspective. b. micro-level perspective. c. macro-level perspective. d. global perspective.

C

Which of the following statements is true concerning where ethnic families live? a. Ethnic families tend to live mainly on the west coast or east coast. b. Ethnic families tend to move to areas with few other ethnic families to avoid competition for jobs. c. Ethnic families tend to cluster in areas with established immigrant communities that can help newcomers find housing and jobs. d. Federal government policies have encouraged immigrants to live in many different geographic regions.

C

Why is there no universal definition of the family? a. Very few people live in families anymore. b. Social scientists do not have enough data about the family to create a definition. c. Contemporary household arrangements are very complex. d. It is difficult to determine what types of families actually exist.

C

All of the following statements are part of the myth of the perfect marriage EXCEPT a. couples should be good providers. b. couples should be fantastic sexual partners. c. couples should be spiritual soul mates. d. couples should be of the same race and ethnicity.

D

Among one-parent families, most are a. father-child families. b. grandmother-child families. c. parent-grandparent families. d. mother-child families.

D

In ________________ family structures, both partners share power and authority about equally. a. matriarchal b. patriarchal c. neolocal d. egalitarian

D

People who adhere to the "family is deteriorating" school of thought think that a. as soon as an individual realizes that she or he is unhappy in a marriage, she or he should leave. b. financial success is the most important factor in keeping families together. c. marital partners should increase their sense of entitlement and decrease their sense of duty. d. marriage should exist for the sake of children and not just for adults.

D

Polyandry may have existed in societies a. where matriarchy is the predominate family form. b. in which there is a shortage of men. c. with plentiful access to food. d. where it is difficult to accumulate property.

D

Shelby married Tracy and had two children. Tracy and the children are Shelby's family of a. orientation. b. recognition. c. origin. d. procreation

D

Since the early 1990s, increasingly young married adults have tended to live a. with the parents of the husband. b. by themselves in their own residence. c. with the parents of the wife. d. with the parents of either the wife or husband - or sometimes with the grandparents of one of the partners.

D

Televisions, videocassette recorders (VCRs), microwave ovens, and personal computers are examples of a. economic shifts. b. social movements. c. family policies. d. technological innovations.

D

The text defines a family as an intimate group of two or more people who do all of the following EXCEPT possibly a. live together in a committed relationship. b. care for one another and any children. c. share activities and close emotional ties. d. marry.

D

The type of marriage in which one person is married exclusively to another person is called a. polygamy. b. nuclear. c. primary. d. monogamy.

D

To say that the family is a "haven in a heartless world" is to say that the family should a. be mostly self-sufficient. b. physically care for elderly family members. c. be the only group responsible for raising children. d. provide, love, nurturance, and emotional support.

D

Which group makes up one of the fastest growing households? a. married people with children. b. cohabitors with children. c. roommates. d. singles.

D

Which of the following is a micro-level influence on the family? a. Technological innovations b. Popular culture c. Social movements d. Individual choices

D

The term "serial monogamy" refers to a situation in which a person a. marries several people over their lifetime but is only married to one person at a time. b. is married exclusively to one person for their entire lifetime. c. is married to two or more persons at the same time. d. cohabits rather than remarries after a divorce.

A

The text points out that the status of the family continues to spark debate among three schools of thought. Which of the following is NOT one of these schools of thought? a. the family is disappearing b. the family is deteriorating c. the family is changing, not deteriorating d. the family is stronger than ever

A

What are the two demographic changes that have had the most far-reaching consequences for family life? a. declining birthrates and an increase in the average age of the population b. more marriages and a decline in birthrates c. shorter life expectancy and higher divorce rates d. higher divorce rates and an increase in the average age of the population

A

Which of the following is NOT a reason why singles make up one of the fastest growing groups? a. Many young adults no longer value marriage. b. Many young adults are postponing marriage. c. People are more likely than in the past to outlive a partner. d. Older women who are divorced or widowed remarry at much older rates than do older men.

A

Which of the following is a macro-level level influence on the family? a. economic forces b. contraceptive practices c. difficulty balancing various roles d. communication styles among married partners

A

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning self-sufficiency and the American family? a. Few families—past or present—have been entirely self-sufficient. b. Most families in the past were entirely self-sufficient. c. Middle class families tend to prosper because they are self-sufficient. d. Only the poorest families tend to need help from the government.

A

A network of people who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption is called a(n) a. extended family. b. kinship system. c. family of orientation. d. family of origin.

B

According to the U.S. Census Bureau's definition of family, which of the following groups would NOT be considered a family? a. elderly sisters living together b. a gay or lesbian couple living together c. a single father living with his biological children d. a married couple living with their adopted children

B

Studies examining the amount of time parents spend with their children have shown that a. children spend less time with their parents today than was the case several decades ago. b. children spend more time with parents today than was the case several decades ago. c. children in families where both parents work tend to spend less time with their parents than was the case several decades ago. d. the amount of time children spend with their parents has not change for the last several decades.

B

Many who endorse the "family is deteriorating" perspective imply that the family could be shored up if a. men and women waited to get married until they were older and more mature. b. people had fewer children to care for. c. fathers were breadwinners and mothers cared for children and the home. d. fathers spent more time nurturing their children.

C

A primary group is characterized by

Close intimate relationships

A socially approved mating relationship that people expect to be stable and enduring" is a definition of

Marriage

A marriage in which the couple must follow procedures specified by the state or other jurisdiction, such as buying a license, is called a a. ceremonial marriage. b. common-law marriage. c. legal marriage. d. licensed marriage

A

A(n) __________ is a category of people who have a similar standing or rank in society based on their wealth, education, power, prestige, and other valued resources. a. social class b. family of origin c. kinship system d. extended family

A

According to the "family is changing, not deteriorating" perspective, a. family problems such as desertion, out-of-wedlock birth, and child abuse have always existed. b. the mother who works outside the home is a new phenomenon. c. few single-parent families existed prior to 1950. d. divorce did not become available until the late twentieth century.

A

According to the Census Bureau, which of the following is NOT a nonfamily household? a. a single woman living by herself b. a gay or lesbian couple living together c. two or more roommates living together d. a childless married couple living together.

D