Marriage and Family final exam study guide
Those with a "family change" perspective view the family as _____________.
"an adaptable institution"
Pauline is attracted to persons of either sex. Pauline is
bisexual.
Of the components of consummate love, which is the quickest to develop and the quickest to fade?
passion
Jacob has a partner of the opposite sex. This behavior involves Jacob's
sexual identity.
According to the text, human beings are sexual beings_________
throughout their entire lives.
A potential bias of case studies is that people who present themselves for counseling may differ in important ways from those who do not.
true
Boys and girls tend to play separately and differently.
true
The conflict and feminist theories call attention to __________ within groups—including families—and within the larger society.
unequal power
Theoretical perspectives are ways of
viewing reality; or ways an observer may view, organize and interpret reality.
Same-sex couple households increased by _____ percent between 2000 and 2010.
80
Personal experience provides us with information, but it can also act as _________, which is why we need scientific study.
Blinders
Boo-long is a member of Hmong culture and is about to marry. The Hmong practice the custom of a bride price. Which of the following is most likely to occur in preparation for the marriage?
Boo-long will give the bride's family a piece of property so that he can marry her.
Only 50 percent of Americans approve of black-white marriages.
False
The fact that marriages are arranged implies that love is ignored by parents.
False
Which of the following is NOT one of the early indicators that a dating partner is likely to become violent eventually?
He/she grew up in a divorced home.
According to psychologist Beverly Smallwood, which of the following is NOT one of the most common love myths?
Individuals are not able to change who they really are.
_____ is an identity of someone who is attracted to various gender expressions, including those outside the gender-conforming binary.
Pansexual
Which of the following appears to be attributable to following traditional gender expectations?
The male death rate is higher than that for females.
According to the text, married life is far more complex and difficult than the traditional image commonly portrayed.
True
Although breaking up is hard to do any time, breakups can be a good thing in certain cases.
True
As families have become less rigidly structured, people have made fewer choices "once and for all."
True
Conscious decisions are made by carefully weighing options.
True
People have been postponing marriage in recent years.
True
The most common household type today is that of married couples without children.
True
Who we are and our personal decisions and attitudes are a product of our environment.
True
Pediatric researchers have observed children between the ages of 2 and 5 engaging in rhythmic manipulation of their own genitals. They consider this behavior
a natural form of sexual expression.
As families have become less traditional, the legal definition of a family has
become much more flexible.
Traditionally, both law and social science specified that the family consisted of people related by
blood, marriage, or adoption.
While family members increasingly encourage girls to develop instrumental skills,
boys are still discouraged from cultivating tenderness.
Since the 9/11 attacks, the so-called "can-do" man tackles traumatic events head-on
but also feels free to express emotion.
Traditionally, the ideal woman has several stereotypical traits. Which of the following is NOT one of these?
career ambition
A sense of one's sexual identity begins in _________
childhood
It is not uncommon for young couples to be "on-again, off-again," a pattern relationship experts refer to as
churning.
Arranged marriage has been the tradition in __________ societies, where decisions are made based on strong extended family ties.
collectivist
Asexuality differs from abstinence in that the latter is a ________
conscious choice
Which of the following is NOT especially associated with dating violence?
disagreements over politics
Family change is attributed to which of the following influences?
economic trends and cultural changes
According to the__________ perspective, dating couples choose either to stay committed or to break up by weighing the rewards of their relationship against its costs.
exchange
A relative absence of assertiveness and ambition characterizes our expectations of women, who are thought to embody __________ character traits.
expressive
Within the scope of __________ sexuality, orgasm is important for women as well as for men, and sex is not only, or even primarily, for reproduction, but is an important means of enhancing human intimacy.
expressive
A researcher using naturalistic observation must assign people to an experimental group and a control group.
false
African American women are less critical of gender inequality than white women.
false
Americans view gay couples as more loving than both heterosexual and lesbian couples.
false
Children of divorce usually divorce themselves.
false
More people self-identify as gay or lesbian than have taken part in sexual behavior with someone of the same sex.
false
Sexual identity and gender identity are basically the same.
false
The informed consent of human subjects is only necessary in dangerous research.
false
Scholars and advocates with a __________ perspective point to what they see as a negative cultural change accentuated by excessive individualism and self-indulgence.
family decline
In terms of mate selection patterns, the United States is an example of what cross-cultural researchers call a __________ culture.
free-choice
Typically in __________ cultures, a wedding takes place only after a relationship has developed.
free-choice
A highly masculine male who paints his fingernails pink is BEST described as an example of
gender bending.
The idea that there are naturally two very distinct genders is called
gender dichotomy.
Michael is a stay-at-home father and feels pressure from society to watch football on TV, enjoy action movies, play basketball on the weekends, and bring home a bigger paycheck than his corporate executive wife. What is this societal pressure called?
gender expectations
Dorothy perceives herself as being ultra-feminine, based on society's definitions of appropriate gender roles. Dorothy's perceptions are linked to her
gender identity.
Suzanne and Paul obtained a complete list of all 500 students in their marriage and family class. Starting with the first student on the list, each student was assigned a number ranging from 1 to 500. Then, Paul and Suzanne selected for their study every 10th number on the list. Clearly, they were trying to ensure that their research
had a representative sample.
Researchers have found it discouraging that about __________ of abusive dating relationships continue rather than being broken off.
half
Differences will arise in a satisfying long-term relationship because no two individuals ___________.
have exactly the same points of view
Jean is attracted only to opposite-sex partners. Jean is
heterosexual.
Which of the following is NOT a neighborhood risk factor which puts children at greater risk for negative outcomes including violence?
homogeneous neighborhoods
Richard is attracted to same-sex partners. Richard is
homosexual.
The Census Bureau uses which of the following terms to describe a person or a group of people residing together?
household
Exchange theory stresses the importance of __________ in family relationships.
how family members use their resources to trade with other family members
Family researchers will often generate a __________, or "educated guess" about the way things are, based on their theoretical orientation.
hypothesis
The text highlights four sexual responsibilities, which of the following is NOT one of these responsibilities?
ignoring one's values
Compared to 50 years ago, marriage is not as __________ to Americans
important
Adults with a(n) __________ attachment style exhibit possible negative behaviors such as unwarranted jealousy or attempts to control one's partner due to "fear of abandonment."
insecure/anxious
Transgender and _______ individuals challenge the existing classifications of gender.
intersex
Which is the correct term for a person who has been born with ambiguous genital anatomy?
intersexual
What is the primary reason, according to the text, that the transition to adulthood has become elongated?
it takes longer to earn enough to support a family
Consider this statement: "If I can get him/her to do what I want done, then I'll be sure he/she loves me." This reflects
manipulation.
Which of the following is NOT listed by your text as a major family function?
meeting sexual desires
According to the family life course development framework, the __________ stage of the family life cycle comes to an end with the arrival of the first child.
newly established couple
The evidence indicates that abstinence only sex education programs are ______
not scientifically accurate
According to the text, one disadvantage of survey research is it depends on the
participants' honesty, motivation, and ability to respond.
In a(n) __________ society, sexuality is characterized by activities and beliefs developed to protect the male line of descent.
patriarchal
The text observes that there are three major culturally defined obligations in masculinity. Which of the following is NOT one of those obligations?
portraying emotional opennes
As the age of puberty has declined, the age at marriage has ______
risen
Adults with a__________ attachment style are inclined to trust that their relationships will provide ongoing emotional support.
secure
______ refers to male or female anatomy and physiology.
sex
One of the most striking changes over the past several decades has been the emergence of __________ issues as political controversies.
sexual and reproductive
Which of the following is NOT one of the components of psychologist Robert Sternberg's theory of love?
sexuality
The _______ message is the image of a woman who attained career success and supports her family.
superwoman
When conducting __________, researchers ask a series of structured, or closed-ended questions.
surveys
Cohabitation has emerged as a lifestyle
that can be an alternative to marriage.
According to the text, more and more women are entering nontraditional occupations such as
the military
Journalist Peggy Orenstein observed students in two California middle schools and found that
the participation and even antics of white boys in the classroom were considered inevitable and rewarded.
From interviews and observations, the authors reveal that:
there are many definitions given for "family."
Traditional gender roles cause both men and women
to suffer in some way.
A possible disadvantage of the family ecology perspective is that it is __________.
too broad and inclusive
While part of being a scientist is having objectivity, in reality
total neutrality is impossible for anyone.
From childhood to old age, people are sexual beings.
true
In June of 1967 (Loving v. Virginia), the U.S. Supreme Court declared that interracial marriages must be considered legally valid in all states.
true
Institutions in virtually every society have been characterized by patriarchy and masculine dominance.
true
Making a statement such as "That's so gay" is an example of a microaggression.
true
Men continue to dominate corporate America.
true
The aim of qualitative research is to gain in-depth understandings of people's experiences.
true
The family life course development framework emphasizes the individual family as the unit of analysis and examines the orderly stages through which families are seen to move.
true
The U.S. Census Bureau defines a family as
two or more persons sharing a household and who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption.
Theoretical perspectives or theories can increase our __________ families and family life.
understanding of
Many employers have redefined family
with respect to employee benefit packages.
