Mastering Biology 4

is the self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms; it is the main constituent of chromosomes and the carrier of genetic information.

DNA

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?

DNA is the genetic information of the cell, and it is stored in the nucleus.

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?

Golgi apparatus

is the most prominent membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells, and it houses most of a cell's DNA.

Nucleus

is used in all steps of protein synthesis and carries the genetic information of many viruses.

RNA

are tightly coiled bundles of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells.

chromosomes

The structural framework in a cell is the

cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is the structural framework in a cell ("cyto" refers to cell and "skeleton" refers to a structural framework).

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?

lysosomes

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?

mRNA

Where in a cell is ATP made?

mitochondria

is the two-layered membrane that encases the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

nuclear envelope

A protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is called a

nuclear pore

The round body that sits inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and ribosomal RNA is known as th

nucleolus

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?

plasma membrane

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by

ribosomes

Where are lipids made in the cell?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)