Mastering Biology: Chapter 12
Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference(s) between mitosis and binary fission?
Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, while mitosis involves the replication and division of multiple chromosomes.
What is the difference between a benign tumor and malignant tumor?
Cells of benign tumors do not metasize; those of malignant tumors do.
In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle?
Cytokinesis
Which of the following event does not occur during interphase of the cell cycle?
Separation of the sister chromatids
Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
A cell biologist measured the DNA content of a cell from a fruit fly larva at the G1 phase and determined that it contained 150 units of DNA. The DNA content of the same type of cell at the G2 phase was determined to be 300 units of DNA. Which of the following statements best explains these results?
The DNA was replicated during the S phase of interphase, which occurs between the two G phases.
Which of the following structures is/are part of the mitotic spindle?
The aster, nonkinetochore microtubules, centrosome, and kinetochore microtubules
Which of the following statements describes a cell that undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis?
The cell contains more than one nucleus.
Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis?
The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell.
Which of the following events does not occur during prophase of mitosis?
The mitotic spindle breaks down.
How is the process of mitosis different between eukaryotic phytoplankton (e.g., diatoms and dinoflagellates) and most other eukaryotes?
The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates.
Which of the following events occurs during prometaphase of mitosis?
The nuclear envelope fragments.
Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell.
Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell.
The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA together is called ____.
a centromere
The function of the mitotic cell is to produce daughter cells that ____.
are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)
The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called ____.
chromatin
During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is ____.
decondensed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
Cytokinesis refers to ____.
division of the cytoplasm
Observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells ____.
do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition
Chromatids are ____.
identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome
You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that ____.
it had formed a cell plate
The spread of cancer cells to other locations in the body is known as ____.
metastasis
Checkpoints in the cell cycle control system ____.
regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals
DNA replication occurs in ____.
the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells
One event occurring during prophase is ____.
the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
During binary fission in a bacterium ____.
the origins of replication move apart
A cell contains 40 chromatids. How many chromosomes will each cell contain following cytokinesis?
20
How many chromatids does a human somatic cell contain after interphase but prior to mitosis?
92
Which event or events occur during anaphase?
A spindle made of microtubules is present, identical chromatids move to opposite poles, the centrioles are at opposite poles, and the centromeres divide
