Mastering Biology- Chapter 40: Animal Form and Function Dynamic

an organ such as the heart or liver consists of __________ a. all of the listed responses are correct b. epitherlial tissue c. muscle tissue d. connective tissue e. nervous tissue

a. all of the listed responses are correct

___________ feedback most directly maintains homeostasis because it _________ a. negative; tends to keep a system at a desirable "set point" b. negative; accentuates fluctuates and keeps the system from reaching equilibrium c. positive; magnifies deviations from the "set point" d. positive; keeps systems constant despite fluctuations in the external environment e. none of the listed responses is correct

a. negative; tends to keep a system at a desirable point

In blood, the matrix component is _________, and the cellular component contains _______ a. plasma; red and white blood cells b. red and white blood cells; plasma c. collagen; fibroblasts d. mineralized; osteoblasts e. collagen; chondrocytes

a. plasma; red and white blood cells

Ligaments connect _________ to __________ a. tendon; muscle b. bone; bone c. muscle; bone d. muscle; tendon e. tendon; bone

b. bone; bone

Which of the following lists of animal structures is ordered from smallest to largest? a. none of the listed responses is correct b. cell, tissue, organ, organ system c. organ, tissue, cell, organ system d. tissue, cell, organ, organ system e. organ system, organ, tissue, cell

b. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Which of the following organ systems in mammals is mismatched with its function? a. excretory; disposal of metabolic wastes b. circulatory; coordination of body activities c. nervous; coordination of body activities d. digestive; food processing e. endocrine; coordination of body activities f. muscular; locomotion and other movements

b. circulatory; coordination of body activities

Which of the following statements correctly describes a difference between hormone signaling and neuron signaling? a. hormone signaling is rapid, and neuron signaling is much slower b. hormone signals travels throughout the body, but neuron signals travel to specific locations c. hormone signals travel to specific locations, but neuron signals travel throughout the body d. neurons secrete hormones as signals, and endocrine cells transmit signals via axons e. hormone response is limited to those cells that are connected by specialized junctions, whereas neuron response is limited to those cells that have specific receptors

b. hormones signals travel throughout the body, but neuron signals travel to specific locations

Humid weather makes you feel warmer because humid air, which is saturated with water molecules, _________________ a. increases metabolic heat production b. interferes with heat loos by evaporation c. prevents countercurrent heat exchanges from occurring d. interferes with heat loos by conduction e. holds warm water vapor

b. interferes with heat loss by evaporation

Myosin and actin are _________ a. unique to cardiac muscle b. proteins that play a major role in muscle contraction c. types of skeletal muscle d. found localized in intercalated disks e. part of a negative feedback loop

b. proteins that play a major role in muscle contraction

Which of the following characteristics is likely to be found in larger versus smaller animals a. the lack of respiratory system b. a flat shape like that of an amoeba c. a highly branched respiratory system d. a body with a high surface-to-volume-ratio e. the lack of a skeleton

c. a highly branched respiratory system

Humid weather makes you feel warmer because humid air, which is saturated with water molecules, _________________ a. a conformer; a regulator b. ectothermic; endothermic c. endothermic; ectothermic d. a poikilothern; a homeothern

c. endothermic; ectothermic

Which of the following statements correctly describes the differences between simple squamous cells and stratified squamous cells ? a. simple squamous cells are useful for absorption and secretion, and stratified squamous cells are useful for capturing particles with a mucous layer b. simple squamous cells are cube-shaped, and stratified squamous cells are columnar c. simple squamous cells form a single layer, which is useful for gas exchange and stratified squamous cells are multilayers and regenerate rapidly d. simple squamous cells are columnar, stratified squamous cells are cube-shaped e. Simple squamous cells are multilayered and regenerate rapidly, and stratified squamous cells form a single layer, which is useful for gas exchange

c. simple squamous cells form a single layer, which is useful for gas exchange and stratified squamous cells are multilayers and regenerate rapidly

The main function(s) of connective tissues in the body is/are ______________. a. to provide a surface for absorption of nutrients b. to provide locomotion and movements c. to hold tissues and organs in place and to join adjacent tissues together d. to secrete molecules into bloodstream e. none of the listed responses are correct

c. to hold tissues and organs in place and to join adjacent tissues together

Which of the six major types of connective tissue has a rigid matrix that contains collagen and calcium salts? a. loose connective b. cartilage c. adipose d. bone e. fibrous connective

d. bone

Which of the following is a benefit of multicellularity compared to organisms consisting of just one cell? a. all cells in a multicellular organism can perform all metabolic functions, thus maximizing metabolism b. single-celled organisms can grow to larger sizes than multicellular organisms c. single-celled organisms are simpler and thus less likely to experience breakdown or disease d. cells can specialize e. single-celled organisms can form tissues

d. cells can specialize

Interstitial fluid is _______________ a. another name for blood b. found only in the interior compartments such as the heart and stomach c. any fluid inside the body d. the fluid that fills the spaces between cells of vertebrates e. any place beneath the skin

d. the fluid that fills the spaces between cells of vetebrates

Microscopic analysis of an unknown tissue sample reveals the presence of chondrocytes, indicating that the sample was probably taken from __________ tissue. a. adipose b. loose connective tissue c. stratified columnar epithelium d. bone e. cartilage

e. cartilage

A neuron receives nerve impulses from the other neurons via its ________ and _______ a. axon; glia b. glia; cell body c. axon; dendrites d. glia; dendrites e. cell body; dendrites

e. cell body; dendrites

When a person's body temperature increases, sweating helps bring the temperature down. This is an example of ____________ a. ectothermy b. stimulus c. hormone signaling d. positive feedback e. negative feedback

e. negative feedback

The __________ system and the __________ system work together to coordinate and control the bodies of most animals a. circulatory; respiratory b. nervous; circulatory c. endocrine; immune d. circulatory; digestive e. nervous; endocrine

e. nervous; endocrine

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding muscle tissue? a. cardiac muscle contains intercalated disks b. cardiac muscle is striated c. skeletal muscle consists of cell with multiple nuclei d. smooth muscle is not striated e. skeletal muscle consists of cells that each have a single nucleus

e. skeletal muscle consists of cells that each have a single nucleus

which of the following pairs of connective tissue and its function is correctly matched? a. adipose tissue; connects epithelia to underlying tissue b. tendons; attach muscles to other muscles c. ligaments; attach muscles to bones d. bone; pads and insulates the body e. tendons; attach muscles to bones

e. tendons; attach muscles to bones

Skeletal muscle is said to be "striated" because _______ a. the intercalated disks give it a striped appearance b. the arrangement of the nuclei give it a striped appearance c. none of the listed responses are correct d. the arrangement of the sarcomeres gives it a smooth appearance e. the arrangement of the sarcomeres gives it a striped appearance

e. the arrangement of the sarcomeres gives it a striped appearance

Most cells are microscopic because at this small size, _________ a. free-living unicellular organisms are difficult for predatory organisms to detect and capture b. the amount of vulnerable plasma membrane is minimized relative to that of a larger, more stable cytoplasm c. many more cells can be packed into an organ while maintaining its compact size d. smaller cells require fewer nutrients and increase the probability of survival e. the ratio to surface area to cell volume is maximized

e. the ratio to surface area to cell volume is maximized