MB Chapter 7

hypertonic

A solution with a greater concentration of solutes than the cell is a/an ______ solution

hypotonic

A solution with a lesser concentration of solutes than the cell is a/an ______ solution

isotonic

A solution with an equal concentration of solutes as the cell is a/an ______ solution

phagocytosis

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____.

Active transport uses cellular energy and passive transport does not

Active and passive transport of solutes across a membrane typically differ in which of the following ways?

passive transport

Diffusion across a biological membrane is called

into, membranous vesicles

Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via _____.

passive transport

Facilitated diffusion is a type of _______.

by the presence of a head and two tails

How can phospholipids be recognized?

Transport proteins provide a hydrophilic route for the solute to cross the membrane.

In facilitated diffusion, what is the role of the transport protein?

Certain proteins are unique to each membrane.

In what way do membranes vary among eukaryotic cells?

b

The permeability of a biological membrane to a specific polar solute may depend on which of the following? a. the amount of cholesterol in the membrane b. the types of transport proteins in the membrane c. the phospholipid composition of the membrane d. the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane e. the types of polysaccharides present in the membrane

Cholesterol

What helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane?

osmosis

What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane?

more, less

When molecules move down their concentration gradient, they move from where they are ________ concentrated to where they are ______ concentrated.

d

Which of the following best describes the structure of a biological membrane? Hints a. two layers of phospholipids with proteins embedded between the two layers b. two layers of phospholipids (with opposite orientations of the phospholipids in each layer) with each layer covered on the outside with proteins c. a mixture of covalently linked phospholipids and proteins that determines which solutes can cross the membrane and which cannot d. two layers of phospholipids with proteins either crossing the layers or on the surface of the layers e. a fluid structure in which phospholipids and proteins move freely between sides of the membrane

passive transport

Which of the following processes includes all others?

the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid

You can recognize the process of pinocytosis when _____.