MCB 244 chapter 7

true ribs

(1-7) connected to sternum by costal cartilages

False ribs

(8-10) don't attach directly to sternum. Costal cartilages of ribs 8-10 fuse together and merge with the cartilages of rib pair 7 before they reach the sternum

Lumbar Vertebrae

(L1-L5) Support weight of head, neck, upper limbs, and trunk. Small vertebral foramen

Thoracic Vertebrae

(T1-T12) Support weight of head, neck, upper limbs, and chest; articulate w/ ribs to allow changes in volume of thoracic cage All but two (T11, T12) have facets for rib articulations

Sphenoidal fontanelles

@ junctions between the squamous sutures and the coronal suture

What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?

Axis

Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes"

Occipital bone-atlas

Which two bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?

Temporal and zygomatic

Among all the cranial bones, which kind of bone do you think is most likely damaged if the person is suffering from hearing loss?

Temporal bones

Which of the following is NOT a paranasal sinus? Frontal sinus b. Sphenoidal sinus Maxillary sinus Zygomatic sinus

Zygomatic sinus

pedicles

form walls of vertebral arch

Cervical Vertebrae

(C1-C7) Support skull (small body), allow controlled head movement, stabilize relative positions of brain and spinal cord (large vertebral foramen and transverse foramina)

mastoid fontanelles

@ junctions between the squamous sutures and the lambdoid sutures.

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?

Atlas

Thoracic Curve

Primary curve, accommodates the thoracic organs

Lumbar Curve

Secondary Curve, balances the weight of the trunk over the lower limbs. Develops w/ ability to stand

transverse process

Sites of muscle attachment, may articulate with ribs (thoracic vertebrae)

Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our heads "no"

Atlas - Axis

Which fontanelle pairs found in the infant skull are located where the labdoid suture would be in adults?

Mastoid and occipital

Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas

Occipital condyles

Spinous process

Where vertebral laminae fuse to complete vertebral arch

superior articular process

articulate with inferioir articular process of superior vertebrae

inferior articular process

articulate with superior articular process of inferior vertebrae

The dens process is found on the

axis

lamina

flat layers that form roof of vertebral arch

Floating ribs (11-12)

have no connection with the sternum. They are attached only to the vertebrae and muscles of the body wall.

occipital fontanelle

junction between lambdoid and sagittal sutures

anterior fontanelle

largest. Lies at the intersection of the frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures in the anterior portion of the skull "soft spot"

inververtebral foramina

permit passage of nerves running to/from enclosed spinal cord

Sacral Curve

primary curve, accommodates the abdominopelvic organs

Cervical Curve

secondary curve, develops as infant learns to balance weight of head on vertebrae of neck

Vertebral body

transfers weight along axis of vertebral column