McIntyre Pd 6 Packet Answers

What were the new military tactics of this time period?

air raids trench warfare blockades

Coca-Cola

an American company invented by Asa Candler, in 1886. The company sells carbonated soft drinks made from concentrated syrups

What is another continuity between Modern 1750 -1900 CE and Contemporary 1900 CE - Present?

Diseases that were associated with poverty (Malaria, Cholera, Tuberculosis) persisted in both eras.

This man was an American pastor, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African American civil rights movement?

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Gave famous "I have a dream" speech

Who was the 40th president of the U.S. for the Republican Party during the time of the Cold War and attempted to cut taxes and increase national defense?

Ronald Reagan

The Green Belt in Kenya

Founded in 1977 by Professor Wangari Maathai, the movement was a response to the needs of Kenyans whose streams were drying up, and food supplies were becoming less secure. Now it promotes environmental conservation

Who served as the second president of Egypt and planned to overthrow the monarchy and served as a deputy prime minister in the new government?

Gamal Nasser

Explain Big Bang Theory

George Henri Lematire's theory, how the earth was created. Asserts that our entire universe was created when a tiny (billions of times smaller than a proton), super-dense, super-hot mass exploded and began expanding very rapidly, eventually cooling and forming into the stars and galaxies with which we are familiar Said to have happened approximately 15 billion years ago Originally developed in the late 1920s by Georges-Henri Lemaître, a Belgian Catholic priest and astronomer, an early advocate of solutions to the general relativity field equations which predicted our universe was expanding

Who is Max Planck?

German theoretical physicist who organized quantum theory. Won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1918.

Who is Albert Einstein?

German-born theoretical physicist. Developed the theory of relativity, of one of the two pillars of modern physics.

What was the cause of the change from industries that ruined the environment really badly in the Modern era to better greener industries in the Contemporary era?

Global warming, Pollution threatened the world's supply of water and clean air, Deforestation and desertification are continuing consequences of the human impact on the environment, Extinction of species

Name some metropole examples about demographic/social changes.

-South Asians went to Britain -Algerians went to France -Filipinos went to USA

2 rights declared by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

1. Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. 2. No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

Name 2 rights declared by End of White Austrailia:

1. Legislate that all migrants, of whatever origin, be eligible to obtain citizenship after three years of permanent residence. 2. Issue policy instructions to overseas posts to totally disregard race as a factor in the selection of migrants.

2 rights declared by Women's Rights:

1. Women's suffrage is considered a right (under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women). 2. The United States and the British Parliament began passing statutes that protected women's property from their husbands and their husbands' creditors known as the Married Women's Property Acts.

What are the four parts of the greenhouse effect?

1.Solar radiation passes through the clear atmosphere 2.Some solar radiation is reflected by the Earth and the atmosphere 3.Some of the infrared radiation passes through the atmosphere, and some is absorbed and readmitted in all directions by greenhouse gas molecules 4.Infrared radiation is emitted by the Earth's surface

What were the epidemic diseases spread during this time period?

1918 Flu HIV/AIDS Ebola

What export oriented economies are centered in Asia?

A number of East Asian countries have turned to manufacturing, including China, Japan, Taiwan, and later South Korea

What were the new methods of transportation?

Airplanes, Helicopters

What methods does Al Qaeda use to intensify conflict?

Al Qaeda attacks people by way of bombings, hijacking, and suicide attacks. Al Qaeda means "The Base." It is a global militant Islamist and takfiri organization founded by Osama bin Laden and other militants. Its origins can be traced to the Soviet War in Afghanistan. It operates as a network comprising both a multinational, stateless army[27] and a radical Sunni Muslim movement calling for global jihad and a strict interpretation of sharia law. It has been designated as a terrorist organization by the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, and other various countries. Al-Qaeda had attacked civilian and military targets in various countries, including 9/11. Techniques employed by Al Qaeda include suicide attacks and simultaneous bombings of different targets

Who is Roosevelt? (FDR)

American lawyer and statesmen. 32nd president of the U.S.

What were some medical innovations of this time period?

Antibiotics Polio vaccine Artificial Heart

What are some examples of ethnic violence?

Armenia: A massacre of the Christian Armenians by the Ottoman authorities because they were killing them because they were the last non-muslin group in the region. Holocaust: Nazi Germany, ruled by Hitler, put forward genocide against the Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, Poles, Jehovah's Witness, and the mentally ill. Cambodia: A movement towards equality for farming peasants led to genocide in Cambodia because many national authorities didn't agree with the movement. Rwanda:The two dominant sides, The Hutus and Tutsis, fought for power in Rwanda, but 97% of the population were Hutus so they dominated the Tutsis.

Who is Sigmund Freud?

Australian neurologist Founding father of psychoanalysis

What were the new military technologies of this time period?

Barbed wire tankes airplanes machine guns atomic bombs

What were the diseases caused by changing lifestyle in this time period?

Diabetes Alzheimer's Heart Disease

Who is Franco?

Dictator of Spain from 1939-1975. Youngest general in Europe in the 1920s.

Who is Mao Zedong?

Chinese communist revolutionary. Founding father of the People's Republic of China.

Name 3 movements without borders.

Communism Pan-Africanism Pan- Arabism

Royal Dutch Shell

Created by the combination of the Royal Dutch Petroleum and UK- based Shell Transport & Trading companies forming into one, in 1907. It is considered one of the six major oil and gas companies in the world.

Did forests decrease or increase?

Decrease

Who was a politician and reformist leader of the peoples' Republic of China who led the country towards a socialist market economy?

Deng Xiaoping

Explain Quantum mechanics

Einstein's theory, light was not a continuous wave

Explain Theory of Relativity

Einstein's theory. The central idea of general relativity is that space and time are two aspects of spacetime. Spacetime is curved when there is gravity, matter, energy, and momentum. In general relativity, an observer in freefall and an observer standing still on a body with mass such as the Earth see no difference in the movement of an object they drop. o One equation in General relativity is

1900=Earth was dominated by who?

Europe (Also USA, China, and Russia)

Give examples of Music/Film Diffusion:

Examples of Music/Film Diffusion include Reggae and Bollywood

Give Examples of Global Sports:

Examples of world sports include the World Cup for Soccer, The Olympics, and Cricket

What does Falun Gong preach?

Falun Gong preaches that one ascends spiritually through moral integrity and the practice of a set of exercises and meditation. The three central tenets of the belief are 'Truthfulness', 'Compassion', and 'Forbearance'. Together these principles are regarded as the fundamental nature of the cosmos, the criterion for differentiating right from wrong, and are held to be the highest manifestation of the Tao, or Buddhist Dharma.

Who was Gandhi and what kind of method did he use to achieve his goal?

He lead India to independence and away from British rule. He used a nonviolent method

Who was Franco - what method did he use to intensify conflict?

He was the former Prime Minister of Spain and he believes terrorism and war were necessary to achieve unity and correct government. He was the dictator of Spain from 1939 to 1975. He was a conservative, he was shocked when the monarchy was removed and replaced with a democratic republic in 1931. With the 1936 elections, the conservatives fell and the leftist Popular Front came to power. Looking to overthrow the republic, Franco and other generals staged a partially successful coup, which started the Spanish Civil War. Franco quickly became his faction's only leader.Franco received military support from local fascist, monarchist and right-wing groups, and also from Hitler's Nazi Germany and Mussolini's Fascist Italy. Leaving half a million dead, the war was eventually won by Franco in 1939. He established an autocratic dictatorship, Francoist Spain, which he defined as a totalitarian state, instaurating himself as head of state and government.

Who was Idi Amin - what method did he use to intensify conflict?

He was the president of Uruguay and he abused human rights, repressed politics, persecuted minorities, practiced nepotism, and was corrupt.

Who was the 3rd president Uganda, joined the British colonial regiment, the kings African riffles in 1946, serving in Somalia Kenya and Uganda?

Idi Amin

Did deserts decrease or increase?

Increase

What was the Military Industrial Complex what method did they use to intensify conflict?

It comprises the policy and monetary relationships which exist between the legislators, national arms forces, and military base which supports them. The term is sometimes used more broadly to include the entire network of contracts and flows of money and resources among individuals as well as corporations and institutions of the defense contractors, The Pentagon, the Congress and executive branch.

What was the anti-apartheid movement?

It was a British organization that was at the center of the international movement opposing South Africa's system of apartheid and supporting non-whites. This boycott of a committee, the first such boycott, happened because it was created by the same General Assembly resolution that called for economic and other sanctions on South Africa, which at the time the West strongly opposed.

What was the non-alignment movement?

It was a group of states which are not formally aligned with or against any major powers. The purpose of this organization is to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics" The countries the Non-Alignment Movement represent nearly 2/3 of the United Nations's members and contain 55% of the world population Was formed as an attempt to thwart the Cold War.

What was the Tiananmen Square Protest?

It was when troops with assault rifles and tanks inflicted causalities on unarmed civilians trying to block the military's advance towards Tiananmen Square in the heart of Beijing which student demonstrators had occupied for 7 weeks.

Who was the medical researcher who developed the first successful cure for polio?

Jonas Salk

Who was a Ghanaian nationalist leader who led the Gold Coast's independence from Britain and presided over its emergence as a new nation of Ghana?

Kwame Nkrumah

What were the two new energy sources/innovations of this time period?

Oil Nuclear power

Who is Jinnah?

Lawyer, politician, and founder of Pakistan. Served as leader of all the India-Muslim League form 1913 until Pakistan's dependence.

Who was MLK and what kind of method did he use to achieve his goal?

Leader in the African American Civil Rights Movement. He was a nonviolent leader.

Who is Joseph Stalin?

Leader of the Soviet Union form the mid 1920s until 1953. Appointed general secretary of the Party's Central Committee.

What intergovernmental organization was founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference but failed in the end?

League of Nations

What were diseases caused from poverty in this time period?

Malaria Cholera Tuberculosis

She was the prime minister of the U.K. and the leader of the Conservative Party?

Margaret Thatcher

What were the two Cold War alliances?

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

What was Nasser's role in the development of economy in Egypt?

Nasser relinquished England and France's hold on the Suez, prompting new trading and taxing opportunities

What it Negritude?

Negritude, taken from the French word "Nègre" and literally means "negro-ness", is a racial and ideological movement in which individuals celebrate their African race and black skin color. It was developed in France in the 1930's by francophone black writers, intellectuals, and politicians.

Who was the south African anti-apartheid revolutionary, philanthropist, politician, and served as the president of South Africa?

Nelson Mandela

Earth Day

Originally created by a peace activist named John McConnell it is an environmental movement founded by Gaylord Nelson, in 1970. Now happens every year on April 22 to honor the Earth and commemorate the concept of peace

How did these empires fall? Ottoman, Russian, Ming

Ottoman - military defeat Russian - Political/Social unrest Ming - Technology stagnation

Name two groups of refugees.

Palestines: After WWII Jews became refugees of Europe and went to Palestine with the help of Britain the Jews established their homeland there and became Jerusalem. Palestinians became refugees since the Jews took their homeland. So the Palestinians had to settle in preselected areas in Jerusalem. Darfurians: Because of the Darfur war many civilians had to leave their homeland because of the intense violence in the area. There they became refugees in Chad.

How did India and Ghana gain independence?

Peace Treaties - They gained independence through their influential leaders who are Gandhi and Kwame. They led many rebellions and boycotts to lead Britain out of their country, and they soon became independent.

Who was the dictator of Chile between 1973 and 1990 and the commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army?

Pinochet

Who is Mahatma Gandhi?

Preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-rule India. Led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom. Known as 'Mahatma' (great soul), Gandhi was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule, and is widely considered the father of his country. His doctrine of non-violent protest to achieve political and social progress has been hugely influential. Gandhi was a dominant figure in Indian politics. He was assassinated in Delhi by a Hindu fanatic.

What were three methods of increasing nationalism to mobilize the population?

Propaganda of various countries in WWI helped draw support from the population for the war effort. Hitler's use of Nazi nationalism and anti-Semitism got the people behind his cause and fueled the prominence of the Nazi party Gandhi used his influence to promote one united and independent Indian state. He wanted to reach this goal through non-violent protest Answer: political speeches, art, media, intensified forms of natioalism

How did Soviet Union, China, and US respond to the economic crisis of the Period?

Soviet Union: 5 year plan/Communism China: Great Leap Forward US: New Deal

Who was Picasso and what method did he use to achieve his goal?

Spanish painter, sculptor, and artist

Who is Pablo Picasso?

Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramist, stage designer, poet, and playwright. Cofounder of the Cubist Movement. Guernica is a painting by Pablo Picasso. It was created in response to the bombing of Guernica, a Basque Country village in northern Spain, by German and Italian warplanes at the behest of the Spanish Nationalist forces on 26 April 1937 during the Spanish Civil War. Guernica shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon individuals, particularly innocent civilians. This work has gained a monumental status, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war, an anti-war symbol, and an embodiment of peace.

What are some examples of state mobilization of resources?

States rallied resources and gathered fund to support their causes. Examples of state mobilization are fascism, nationalism, and communism.

What did Thatcher and Reagan emphasize in terms of free markets?

Thatcher and Reagan used tax cuts as incentive for free markets and wanted less government intervention

ow did the Cold war end?

The Cold War ended partially with the crumbling of the Berlin Wall and even more when the Soviet Union collapsed in the 1990s.

What is the ETA and what methods does it use to intensify conflict?

The ETA is a terrorist organization and it kills, injures, and kidnaps people. The ETA is the Euskadi Ta Askatasuna which means Basque Homeland and Freedom. It is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country. Since 1968, the ETA has been held responsible from killing 829 people, injuring thousands and undertaking thousands of kidnappings

What methods did the IRA use to intensify conflict?

The IRA used bombings, shootings, ambushes of troops, raids on police station barracks, and riots. The IRA is the Irish Republican Army wanted to gain independence from Britain. They fought a guerrilla war against the Crown forces in Ireland. They had a "Squad"- an assassination unit based in Dublin which killed police officers involved in intelligence work. They attacked on the fortified police barracks located in the towns

What was a change/difference in Modern 1750 -1900 CE and Contemporary 1900 CE - Present?

The Modern era had industrialization and used Steam engines, internal combustion engines, and factory systems and the contemporary era used new energy technologies that were better for the environment but still ruined it: nuclear power and the use of oil for energy.

What was a change/difference in Modern 1750 -1900 CE and Contemporary 1900 CE - Present?

The modern era had imperialism and in the contemporary era countries/states gained independence from imperialism and became united countries with a communism or capitalist government.

Define metropole

The parent state of a colony

What was the cause of the change from imperialism in the Modern era to an independent state/country in the Contemporary era?

The spread of nationalism

What were the new scientific paradigms of this period?

Theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, big bang theory

What did Deng Xiaoping and Pinochet do as far as free market policies?

These two leaders differed from their communist predecessors and encouraged privatization of government services

What is a continuity between Modern 1750 -1900 CE and Contemporary 1900 CE - Present?

They both had new modes of communication and transportation that virtually eliminated the problem of geographical distance. Modern era had railroads, steamships, telegraphs, and canals, and Contemporary had tanks, airplanes, and cars.

What does Hare Krishna preach?

They sing the Hare Krishna in public places and preach about all of the avatars of God. They also teach that the individual soul is an eternal personal identity which does not ultimately merge into any formless light or void (i.e. Heaven or Nirvana).

What do the Ibex, Javan Tiger, River Dolphin, and the Black Rhino all have in common?

They're extinct

Who was the Vietnamese Buddhist monk who protested the persecution of Buddhists by the South Vietnamese government?

Thich Quang Duc

Who were the cold War superpowers?

USSR vs. USA

What was supranational organization that took place of the league of nations?

United Nation

What is a scientific paradigms?

Universally recongnized scientific achievement that, for a time, provide model problems and solutions for a community of researchers.

Who is Ho Chi Mnh?

Vietnamese communist revolutionary leader. Prime minister and president of Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

How did Algeria, Vietnam, and Angola gain independence?

War - They fought in wars between nations that imperialized them. They felt that they could be independent so they died for their countries in a nationalist movement

What is total war?

War in which all civilians are involved and all resources of a country are required and occupied with the war effort.

What is Xenophobia?

Xenophobia is the irrational or unreasoned fear of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange. This can stem from an in-group relating to an out-group.

Sony

a Japanese company officially invented in 1958 by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita. The business specializes in electronics, games, and entertainment. The company is one of the leading manufacturers in electronic products for consumers

Greenpeace Movement

a widespread, non-governmental organization coordinated in Amsterdam. Its goal is to ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity by campaigning on global matters such as deforestation, global warming, commercial whaling, overfishing, and genetic engineering.

Describe SU's 5 year plan

approved in 1921, in which they attempted to maximize food and industrial production to make up for their years in war After the first world war, Lenin instituted the Five Year Plan to recoup losses he perceived to be in Russia. A result of the five year plan was the many food shortages that occurred due to the industrial process.

What were the three new methods of communication?

cell phones, computers, email

Describe the Green Revolution

developing better and more plentiful crops. Founder: Norman Borlaug "Father of Green Revolution" increased agriculture production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s

Describe FDR's New Deal

during the Great Depression, FDR attempted to stimulate the economy that had been primarily a free market, and used executive orders to provide government intervention In the New Deal, FDR proposed many new programs to employ people during the Great Depression. This New Deal expanded the duties of park rangers and the national park system.

How did Gregory Pincus change the history of the planet?

invented oral contraceptive pill (birth control)

Describe China's Great Leap Forward

their attempt to industrialize their country quickly, huge failure because of all the backlash the government received This advance was similar to the Great Leap Forward which foreshadowed Mao's cultural revolution. The Great Leap Forward forcefully moved many Chinese to find work. Many of China's trained professionals were forced to perform manual labor, such as doctors and lawyers working in agriculture. The Chinese government tried to industrialize their country and improve the infrastructure. These developments allowed China to be a larger exporter and manufacturer.