Med Surg 1 Prep Quiz

A parent of a child who has been having frequent bouts of tonsillitis brings the child back to the clinic for another sore throat. The parents asks the nurse, "What are tonsils good for anyways?" What is the best response by the nurse? A. "They filter bacteria from tissue fluid" B. "They act as an emergency reservoir of blood" C. "They really do not have a function and should be removed" D. "They remove blood and bacteria"

A. " They filter bacteria from tissue fluid"

A client is instructed to take an oral calcium preparation with Vitamin D daily for the prevention of osteoporosis. What statement made by the client demonstrates understanding of the medication instructions? A. "I can't take the medication with my other medication" B. "I will take the medication on an empty stomach" C. "I will take the calcium and the vitamin D at different times" D. "I should take my medication once a week"

A. "I can't take the medication with my other medication"

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who has had a total knee arthroplasty yesterday. What type of pharmacologic therapy does the nurse anticipate administering to this client to prevent complications related to this surgery? A. Anticoagulation therapy B. Antidysrhythmia therapy C. Antineoplastic therapy D. Antianginal therapy

A. Anticoagulation therapy

A client is taking a corticosteroid for the treatment of systemic lupus erythmeatosus. When the nurse is providing instructions about the medication to the client, what priority information should be included? A. Be alert for s/s of infection and report them immediately B. This medication is commonly used for many inflammatory reactions and is relatively safe C. If the client experiences nausea, omit the dose D. The client should be alert for joint aches

A. Be alert for s/s of infection and report them immediately

A client with a burn injury is in acute stress. Which of the following complications is prone to develop in this client? A. Gastric ulcers B. Anemia C. Hyperthyroidism D. Cardiac arrest

A. Gastric ulcers

A client has just undergone a leg amputation. The nurse would closely monitor the client for which of the following during the immediate postoperative period? A. Hematoma B. Chronic osteomyelitis C. Neuroma D. Unexplainable burning pain (causalgia)

A. Hematoma

A clients immune system has the ability to protect itself from external invaders. What type of immune function is present when this occurs? A. Immunocompetence B. Immunosuppresion C. Immune incompatibility D. An immune response

A. Immunocompetence

A client is informed that he will have to start on antiretroviral therapy, and the client is concerned that he will not be able to afford the therapy. What can the nurse inform the client is the largest source of public funding for HIV/AIDS care? A. Medicaid B. Medicare C. Blue Cross/Blue Shield D. AIDS Drug Assistance Program

A. Medicaid

A client with suspected exposure to HIV has been tested with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with positive results twice. What is the next step for the nurse to explain to the client confirmation of the diagnosis? A. Perform a Western Blot test for confirmation of the diagnosis B. Perform a polymerase chain reaction test for confirmation of diagnosis C. Perform a T4-cell count for confirmation of diagnosis D. Perform the P24 antigen test for confirmation of diagnosis

A. Perform a Western Blot test for confirmation of the diagnosis

The nurse is caring for a client on the cardiac unit. The licensed practical nurse on the previous shift reported the following vital signs/assessment information: temp 100.6 F; pulse ox 92%, and with 2+ edema noted in the lower extremities. Before 9 am anti-arrhythmic medication administration, which of the following will the nurse resassess? A. Pulse B. BP C. Edema D. Temp

A. Pulse

Which of the following would a nurse encourage a client with gout to limit? A. Purine-rich foods B. Fluid intake C. Protein-rich foods D. Carbohydrates

A. Purine-rich foods

The nurse is caring for a client with a suspicious lesion on the clients head. The lesion is sore and resembles basal cell carcinoma. Which client finding is a risk factor for developing skin cancer? A. The client has androgenetic alopecia B. The client has a history of cystic acne C. The client frequently works wearing hats D. The client is a 2 pack/day cigarette smoker

A. The client has androgenetic alopecia

The nurse is caring for a client with a decrease in airway diameter causing airway resistance. The client experiences coughing and mucus production. Upon lung assessment, which adventitious breath sounds are anticipated? A. Wheezes B. Crackles C. Rhonchi D. Rubs

A. Wheezes

A client has had a kidney transplant performed for end-stage kidney disease. What type of immune response that T-cell lymphocytes perform is related to this type of surgery? A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. A cell-mediated response C. Activation of the complement system D. Stimulation of colony-stimulating factors

B. A cell-mediated response

The nurse is assessing the capillary refill on a client who has a new, lower extremity cast. Which documented finding provides the best evidence of an abnormality? A. Cap refill brisk B. Cap refill within 4 seconds C. Cap refill within 1 second D. Cap refill sluggish

B. Cap refill within 4 seconds

Which zone consists of the area where the injury is most severe and deepest? A. Stasis B. Coagulation C. Necrosis D. Hyperemia

B. Coagulation

Radio graphic evaluation of a clients fracture reveals that a bone fragment has been driven into another bone fragment. The nurse indemnified this as which type of fracture? A. Compression B. Impacted C. Comminuted D. Greenstick

B. Impacted

The nurse is administering a medication to a client who is suffering from pain related to partial-thickness burns. The medication will interrupt the sensation and transmission of pain stimuli. What type of receptors will this medication block? A. Mechanoreceptors B. Nociceptors C. Alpha receptors D. Thermoreceptors

B. Nociceptors

A client who has sustained burns to the anterior chest and upper extremities, is brought to the burn center. During the initial stage of assessment, which nursing diagnosis is primary? A. Alteration in tissue perfusion B. Risk for impaired gas exchange C. Risk for infection D. Acute pain

B. Risk for impaired gas exchange

The nurse is providing suggestions to a client diagnosed with pharyngitis. Which home remedy is appropriate when combined with medical treatment for the pharyngitis? A. Lavender scent B. Salt water gargle C. Ice chips D. Cool mist humidifier

B. Salt water gargle

The client has just been diagnosed with an arrhythmia. The clients asks the nurse to explain normal sinus rhythm. What would the nurse explain is the characteristics of normal sinus rhythm? A. Heart rate between 60-150 beats/minute B. The SA node initiates the impulse C. Impulse travels to the AV node in 0.15 to 0.5 seconds D. The ventricles depolarize in 0.5 seconds or less

B. The SA node initiates the impulse

The nurse is administering a skin test for detection of exposure to TB. How would the nurse determine if the client was exposed to TB? A. The injection area will break out in a fine macular rash if the client has developed antibodies against the antigen B. The injection area will have induration if the client has developed antibodies against the antigens C. The injection area will have redness if the client has developed antibodies against the antigens D. The client will have a productive cough

B. The injection area will have induration if the client has developed antibodies against the antigens

A client is scheduled to have a prick test to determine what specific allergens are creating problems for the client. What should the nurse inform the client is involved with the testing? A. A dilute solution of an antigen is injected intruder along observed for a wheal B. The skin will be scratched and applying a small amount of the liquid test antigen to the scratch usually on the back C. A concentrated form of the substance is applied to the skin and covered with an occlusive dressing for 48 hours and then examined D. The client will taste several different possible antigens and observe for wheals

B. The skin will be scratched and applying a small amount of the liquid test antigen to the scratch, usually on the back

The client asks the nurse to explain the reason for a chest tube insertion in treating a pneumothorax. Which is the best response by the nurse? A. "Chest tubes provide a route for medication instillation to the lung" B. "The tube will drain secretion from the lung" C. " The tube will drain air from the space around the lung" D. "Chest tube will allow air to be restored to the lung"

C. "The tube will drain air from the space around the lung"

A client will be receiving a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to employment in a dialysis center, what type of immunity will this provide? A. Passive immunity B. Forced immunity C. Artificially acquired active immunity D. Naturally acquired active immunity

C. Artificially acquired active immunity

The nursing instructor is discussing with senior nursing students about diagnostic procedures used in respiratory diseases. The instructor discusses thorancentesis, defining it as a procedure performed for diagnostic purposes or to aspirate accumulated excess fluid or air from the pleural space. What would the instructor explain that serous fluid indicates? A. Heart failure B. Inflammation C. Cancer D. Infection

C. Cancer

The nurse is collecting objective data for a client with AIDS at the clinic. The nurse observes white plaques in the clients oral cavity, on the tongue, and baccalaureate mucosa. What does the nurse understand this finding indicates? A. Hairy leukoplakia B. Coccidiomycosis C. Candidiasis D. Kaposi's sarcoma

C. Candidiasis

A client is suspected to have Lyme disease and has a red macule at the site of the tick bite with a bulls-eye rash with round rings surrounding the center. In addition, the client has a severe headache with neck stiffness. What stage of Lyme disease is the client experiencing? A. Later stage B. Midstage C. Early stage 1 D. Latent stage

C. Early stage 1

A client informs the nurse that he is having difficult time coping with seasonal allergies and have taken some over-the-counter medication to assist with control of symptoms. What results would indicate to the nurse that the client does have allergies? A. Elevated basophils B. Elevated monocytes C. Elevated eosinophils D. Elevated neutrophils

C. Elevated eosinophils

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing an exacerbation of plaque psoriasis. The nurse assessed the area and documents a proliferation of which cell type? A. Endothelial B. Epithelia C. Epidermal D. Dermal

C. Epidermal

When admitting a client to the hospital, what should the nurse do initially to prevent pressure sores? A. Make sure the client is kept clean and dry B. Pad the body areas that are prone to breakdown C. Identify if the client is at risk for the development of pressure sores D. Inform the other healthcare team members to be sure the client is turned every 2 hours

C. Identify if the client is at risk for the development of pressure sores

Treatment of melanoma includes which of the following? A. Cryosurgery B. Laser surgery C. Radical excision D. Radiation therapy

C. Radical excision

A client has been prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. What should the nurse be sure to include when education the client about taking this medication? A. Take the medication on an empty stomach to assist in faster absorption B. The dosage may be exceeded if pain is not relieved by the prescribed dose C. Take the medication with food D. The medication may cause drowsiness, so do not operate machinery or drive a vehicle

C. Take medication with food

A teenage client with hemophilia sustains a leg laceration after falling off of his skateboard and is brought to the emergency department. The laceration is bleeding profusely even with direct pressure to the site. What does the nurse anticipate will be ordered for administration to control bleeding? A. A colloid solution such as hetastarch B. Albumin C. A crystalloid solution such as Lactated Ringers D. Fresh frozen plasma

D. Fresh frozen plasma

A client informs the nurse that he has been diagnosed with degenerative joint disease of the fingers but now has these bumps on his fingers that don't hurt. The nurse observes bony nodules on the distal interphalangeal joints. What type of "bumps" does the nurse understand these are? A. Rheumatoid nodules B. Bouchard s nodes C. Tophi D. Heberden's nodes

D. Heberdens nodes

A client suffered a subtrochanteric hip fracture after falling out of the bed. What complication should the nurse monitor closely for related to this type of fracture? A. Abdominal pain B. Pulmonary edema C. Urinary retention D. Hypovolemic shock

D. Hypovolemic shock

The nurse is discussing the new medication that a client will be taking for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. What disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) will the nurse educate the patient about? A. Inflixmab B. Etanercept C. Methylprednisolone D. Methotrexate

D. Methotrexate

A client is admitted to the emergency department with significant blood loss. The physician orders 2 units of packed red blood cells to be transfused immediately. Which blood groups would be compatible? A. Only O Rh-negative B. AB Rh-postive or Rh-negative C. Only O Rh-positive D. O Rh-positive or O Rh negative

D. O Rh-positive or O Rh negative